GIÁO TRÌNH TIẾNG ANH 4 (Dành cho sinh viên ngành Toán – Tin)

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC ĐÀ LẠT F 7 G GIÁO TRÌNH TIẾNG ANH 4 (Dành cho sinh viên ngành Toán – Tin) KHOA NGOẠI NGỮ 2001 Tieỏng Anh 4 Toaựn Tin - 2 CONTENT LễỉI TệẽA 3 UNIT 1: MATHEMATICS 4 UNIT 2: WHAT IS A COMPUTER? 11 EXERCISES 12 UNIT 3: NUMBERS AND MATHEMATICS 16 UNIT 4: CHARACTERISTICS 22 EXERCISES 23 UNIT 5: STATISTICS 31 UNIT 6: MAINFRAMES 37 EXERCISES 38 UNIT 7: CALCULUS 44 UNIT 8: STEPS IN PROBLEM SOLVING 50 EXERCISES 52 UNIT 9: DISCRETE MATHEMATICS 56 EXERCISES 57 UNIT 10: PROGRAMS AND PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 62 EXERCISES 63 GLOSSARY 70 Tiếng Anh 4 – Toán Tin - 3 – LỜI TỰA Nhằm đáp ứng kòp thời nhu cầu học Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành của sinh viên Toán – Tin, chúng tôi biên soạn, biên tập một số bài học có liên quan in trong giáo trình này. Vì khả năng có hạn, giáo trình tất không tránh khỏi những sai sót, kính mong nhận được sự góp ý từ phía bạn đọc để lần tái bản sau sẽ tốt hơn. Tháng 12 – 2001 Khoa Ngoại Ngữ Trường Đại học Đà Lạt Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 4 – UNIT 1: MATHEMATICS Pre-reading: 1. Would you like to do science? 2. Which branch of science do you like? 3. You are studying mathematics, why do you like it? Mathematics plays an important part of your lives. Today mathematics is of the great use to many sciences, so more and more mathematical books are printed in many languages, especially in English. Anyone who works with any branch of science or technology needs to be able to talk about numbers and shapes. Notice how following numbers and shapes are said in English. Numbers: 28% : Twenty-eight per cent. 10.3 : Ten point three 9 4 : Four ninths (four over nine) 4 2 : Four squared 5 3 : Five cubed 5 4 : Five to the power of four 1.623.457 : One million, six hundred and twenty-three thousand, four hundred and fifty seven. 2+ : Absolute value of two. Derivation of y’= 4x+1 (y’ equals four x plus 1) Function of y = 2x 2 + x + 1 (y equals two x squared plus x plus 1) +2 : Positive number two -2 : Negative number two 4 3 : Three is numerator and four is denominator 10 3 : Fraction three over ten 10 3 2 : Mixed number of integer two three over ten Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 5 – AxB/(A)(B) :Parentheses (A)(B) AxB/A.B : Dots A.B How we can read the following mathematical formulas in English: 2x + 3y – 2 = x Z 4 3 (Two x plus three y minus 2 equals three Z devided by four x) Four basic operations of arithmetic are:Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division. 6 x 7 = 42 (six times seven is forty two) The symbols and their expressions: a. + (Plus) k. % (percent) b. - (minus) l. > (is more than) c. x (multiplied by) m. ∈ (is an element of) d. : (divided by) n. ∞ (infinity) e. = (is equal to) o. 3 (cube root) f. ≈ (is equivalent to) p. (square root) g. ≥ (is more than or equal to) q. x 2 (x squared) h. ⊂ (is a subset of) r. x 3 (x cubed) i. < (is less than) s. x 4 (x to the power four) j. ≤ (is less than or equal to) t. Π (pi) ∞ (infinity) How would the names of the shapes below be read in English? - Two dimensional shapes: - Three dimensional shapes E D C A A A A B BC C C Pentagon D squareRectangle Triangle B Circle O B Oval D’ D Cube C’ C AA Pyramid A’ C A’ B B Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 6 – Teaching points: Active: The simple present Passive: The simple present Suffix: - ion (2) WORKING WITH VOCABULARY A. Focus on the reading: Arithmetic Lives Equals Multiplication Formulas Times Dimensional Said Plays Who Choose the best words or phrases above for each sentence, if you need help, look at the reading again (use each word only once) 1. Any one _______ works with any branch of science or technology needs to be able to talk about numbers and shapes. 2. Notice how the following numbers and shapes are______ in English. 3. Mathematics ______ an important part of our ________ 4. Six _______ seven is forty two 5. How we can read the following mathematical _________ in English. 6. Four basic operations of ___________ are. 7. Addition, subtraction, _________ division. 8. Two x plus three y minus 2 ______ three z divided by four x. 9. Two ______ shapes are… B. Focus on new context: Here is more practice with the new words from the reading choose the best word for each sentence (use each word only once) Arithmetic Plays Dimensional Multiplication Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 7 – Equals Times Formulas Said Lives Who 1. If we want to say, for example, that in any circle the diameter is twice the radius we can write: d ______ 2R 2. _____ is one branch of mathematics. 3. Do you know the girl_______ is standing outside the door. 4. It is _______ that English is an international language. 5. It’s difficult to read mathematical ________ in English 6. When she was seven, she learnt by heart the______ table. 7. _______ out of number today he is absent from lesson again. 8. Because we are students our _______ are different from theirs. 9. Some students don’t understand the term of _______ analysis. UNDERSTANDING THE READING A. Comprehension questions: * Answer the questions about the reading: 1. Why are more and more mathematical books printed in English? 2. Why do scientists and technologists need to be able to talk about numbers and shapes in English? 3. Why does mathematics play an important part of our lives? 4. Can you read: +2; -2 in English? 5. Can you do the algebraical maths: If 3a+4 is greater than 16, then a must be a. greater than 4 c. equal to 4 e. greater than 3 b. less than 4 d. less than 5 B. Details: Write T if the sentence is true and F if it is False 1. Mathematics is necessary for us because it helps to research 2. Sciences need mathematics 3. Some branches of science don’t need mathematics 4. Two halves of a circle can be called semi-circle 5. A rectangle has four right angles 6. The symbol: ≥ can be read: more than or equal to C. Main idea: Check b the two most important ideas from the reading 1. Some mathematics symbols 2. How to do maths 3. Mathematics and its use in our lives Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 8 – 4. The names of shapes 5. The methods of studying mathematics D. Writing Write two following basic properties of numbers in English 1. 2 x 2 = 4 or (-2)(-3) = +6 2. (+5)(-10) = -50 or (-6)(+8) = -48 WORD STUDY A. The passive and active in the simple present tense 1. In passive, we are more interested in the objects of the active sentence. 2. This is because the subjects are not important at the moment or because we don’t know who or what is responsible for the event Form: The passive is formed by putting the verb to be into the same tense as the active verb. The subject of the active verb becomes the “agent” of the passive verb Example: Active: My grandfather plants this tree Passive: This tree is planted by my grandfather (The example above indicates that the passive of the simple present requires the simple present form) The simple present is used: - To express a habit - To express a fact which is always true Ex: Vegetarians don’t eat meat - To express a fact which is always true for a long time Ex: We study at Dalat University Practice: Put the verbs in the correct forms, all the verbs are in simple present, either in the active or in the passive 1. Complex algebraical fraction ________ by the same method used in arithmetic (simplify) 2. The oldest villagers ________ to attend a meeting (invite) 3. They ________ science books in English (print) 4. English ________ in many parts of the world (speak) 5. The doctor ________ on the patient (operate) 6. She ________ from bad headaches (suffer) 7. She ________ in touch with her family by phoning home every Sunday (keep) 8. Wood ________ in water (not sink) 9. Three persons ________ in a car cash (injure) 10 Water ________ from the rivers by women and children (bring) 11. That film ________ on TV tonight (not show) Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 9 – B. Word forms: Nouns Sometimes verbs and nouns are the same forms; sometimes we can change verbs to nouns by adding suffix. ION SAME FORM Verbs Nouns Verbs Nouns Subtract - Subtraction Play - Play Communicate - Communication Change - Change Act - Action Work -Work Retract - Retraction Use - Use PRACTICE: Choose the correct forms of the words above to complete each sentence (use each word only once) 1. We can ________ the form of y-x by factoring out -1 2. The government plans to make important ________ to the tax system 3. In the serf system people could ________ a sheep for a hammer 4. Casino is a place where people ________ gambling games for money 5. Youth is the time for ________, Age is the time for repose 6. I didn’t get into ________ with him for long 7. If we _______7 from 10, we have 3 8. Many of Shakespear’s ________ are tragedies under the feudalism 9. He is a person who ________ kindly toward everyone 10. I saw her last on the flight to Hanoi since then we haven’t ___________for years 11. The boss ________ the workers too hard 12. The ________ of building the bridge spaning Danh River took two years 13. Ten from seven is a very simple ________ BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS Vocabulary review Match each word in column A with the word in column B that has opposite meaning: A B 1. Negative number Less than or equal to 2. Subtracting Is the same as 3. Greater than Positive number 4. Absolute value Less than 5. Negative infinity Multiplication 6. Not equal to Minimum value 7. Greater than or equal to Positive infinity Adding Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 10 – CONTEXT CLUES Choose the answer that is closest in the meaning to each word or phrase underlined use context clue: 1. He knew it was a waste of time to carry on studying archaeology and the moment he started gaderning again a. conitnue b. begin c. finish d. start 2. It is very dry today will you help me water the plants? a. moisten b. wet c. irrigate d. sprinkle 3. Can you please tell me a little about yourself? a. speak b. talk c. say to d. explain 4. Do you mind my turning the TV on now? a. show b. disapprove c. want d. like 5. The enjoyable thing about travelling by train rather than by car is that you can sleep or read during the journey a. cheerful b. pleasurable c. interested d. pleased 6. She had taken over the cooking at home for her father’s dinner parties and she had started to make up her own recipes a. discover b. do c. invent d. work 7. She has always enjoyed taking care of her sister a. training b. looking after c. bringing d. training [...]... cargo loading, meal planning, personnel availability, accounting and stock control Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin MAIN IDEA MAJOR DETAILS MINOR DETAILS Terminals for ticket reservations 1000s of calls for reservations, space, arrivals and departures - 29 – Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 30 – Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 31 – UNIT 5: STATISTICS Statistics is the scientific method of collecting information in a form... 3 or part of it (p 2) 4 which tells the computers (p 2) 5 which prints the new information (p 4) 6 which shows the results (p 4) 7 which can make decisions (p 5) 8 It can find the solution (p 6) 9 it has no originality (p 6) 10 tells it what to do (p 6) Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 16 – UNIT 3: NUMBERS AND MATHEMATICS It... process data given to them and produce results 4 The basic concepts of data processing are restricted to computers alone 5 The processor is the central component of a computer system 6 All other devices used in a computer system are attached to the CPU 7 Memory devices are used for storing information Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 24 – 8 Computers are very much restricted in what... called _ 2 tremendous _ 3 ideas _ 4 react _ 5 take away _ Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 25 – Now refer back to the text and find antonyms (i.e words with an opposite meaning) for the following words 6 taken away _ 7 wide _ 8 limited _ 9 immovable _ 10 after _ 6 Word forms First choose the appropriate form of the words to complete the... used as _ storage devices 4 A computer isn’t usually a _ machine and may require quite specialized _ to operate it and all it related equipment 7b Content review Summarize the text on ‘Characteristics’ by completing the following table SYSTEM Hardware COMPONENTS PARTS 1 2 Control Unit 3 Peripheral devices A 1 B others 3 2 4 5 Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 27 – 6 Organizing information A... the appropriate words (some can be used more than once) Make sure you use the correct form, i.e singular or plural core device data circuit terminal switch program memory medium Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin 1 2 3 4 - 14 – CRT display Every computer has circuits for performing arithmetic operations, operating _ or magnetized _ A _ with a screen is normally referred to as a unit A... _ -> _ or -> taking notes 3 Statistics deals with answering the questions: a _ b _ c _ 4 Applications statistics in industry in business corporate planning and control kinds of control of Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 34 – 5 Give some problems to which statistical methods can be used to find solutions ... mathematics 12 Physicists also use probability theory (c) Make up sentences similar to the ones given in Exercises (a) and (b) above, and then change them from Active to Passive Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 22 – UNIT 4: CHARACTERISTICS 1 Computers are machines designed to process, electronically, specially prepared pieces of information which are termed data Handling or manipulating the information that... stored on various secondary memory devices or storage devices such as magnetic tapes or magnetic disks 4 Computers have often been thought of as extremely large adding machines, but this is a very narrow view of their function Although a computer can only respond to a Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 23 – certain number of instructions, it is not a single-purpose machine since these instructions can be combined... Tieáng Anh 4 – Toaùn Tin - 13 – 3 Locating information Find the passages in the text where the following ideas are expressed Give line references _1 Computers accept information, perform mathematical and/or logical operations then supply new information _ 2 All computers have three basic capabilities _ 3 A computer is a machine that can be made to operate by receiving signals _ 4 A computer . GIÁO TRÌNH TIẾNG ANH 4 (Dành cho sinh viên ngành Toán – Tin) KHOA NGOẠI NGỮ 2001 Tieỏng Anh 4 Toaựn Tin - 2 CONTENT LễỉI TệẽA 3 UNIT 1: MATHEMATICS 4 UNIT 2: WHAT. LANGUAGES 62 EXERCISES 63 GLOSSARY 70 Tiếng Anh 4 – Toán Tin - 3 – LỜI TỰA Nhằm đáp ứng kòp thời nhu cầu học Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành của sinh viên Toán – Tin, chúng tôi. lives? 4. Can you read: +2; -2 in English? 5. Can you do the algebraical maths: If 3a +4 is greater than 16, then a must be a. greater than 4 c. equal to 4 e. greater than 3 b. less than 4 d.