LE QUY DON TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING CNC PROGRAMING LANGUAGE Eng Nguyen Ngoc Binh Phone: 0982 658 389 Email: ngocbinh.eng@gmail.com CHAPTER 4: CNC PROGRAMING LANGUAGE OVERVIEW OF G-CODE AND SOFTWARES BASIC PROGRAMMING COMMANDS CONTENT ADVANCED PROGRAMMING COMMANDS FIXED CYCLES CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE 4.1 OVERVIEW OF G-CODE AND SOFTWARES Basic programming commands - Miscellaneous functions (M00, M01, M02, M03, M04, M05, M06, M07, M08, M09, M30) – M30 – kết thúc chương trình - Motion commands (G00, G01, G02, G03) - Plane selection (G17, G18, G19) - Positioning system selection (G90, G91) - Unit selection (G70 or G20, G71 or G21) - Feed selection and input (Fxxx.xx, G94, G95) - Spindle speed selection and control (Sxxxx, M03, M04, M05) - Reference point return (G28, G29, G30) - Tool selection and change (Txx M06) - thay dao số vào làm việc 4.1 OVERVIEW OF G-CODE AND SOFTWARES Compensation and offset - Work coordinate compensation (G54-G59) - Tool diameter (radius) compensation (G40, G41, G42) - Tool length offset (G43, G44, G49) Fixed cycles The purpose of a fixed cycle is to execute a series of repetitive machining operations with a single block command - Standard fixed cycles (G80-G89) - Special fixed cycles - User-defined fixed cycles 4.1 OVERVIEW OF G-CODE AND SOFTWARES Macro and subroutine programming Most modem CNC controls furnish the power of computer programming to define variables, perform arithmetic operations, execute logical decisions, and so on These features allow easy implementation of repetitive machining patterns and complex workpiece shapes that can be defined mathematically - Subroutine Commands (M98, M99) Advanced programming features These commands are dependent on user control They are used to simplify programming effort and reduce programming time and program size - Scaling Function (G50, G51) - Rotate Function (G68, G69) 4.1 OVERVIEW OF G-CODE AND SOFTWARES WIN NC FANUC 21 4.1 OVERVIEW OF G-CODE AND SOFTWARES WIN NC FANUC 21 4.2 BASIC PROGRAMMING COMMANDS Miscellaneous function Code M00 M01 M02 M03 M04 M05 M06 M07 M08 M09 M30 M98 M99 Description Milling Turning (M) (T) Compulsory stop M T Optional stop M T End of program M T Spindle on (CW) Format: M03 S1500 M T Spindle on (CCW) Format: M04 S2500 M T Spindle stop M T Automatic tool change Format: M06 T1D1 M T Coolant on (mist) M T Coolant on (flood) M T Coolant off M T End of program, with return to program top M Subprogram call M T Subprogram end M T 4.2 BASIC PROGRAMMING COMMANDS Tool Motion Command - G00 Positioning in Rapid Format: N_ G00 X_ Y_ Z_ - Move the tool linearly from position to position without cutting any material - It is a modal command, remaining in effect until canceled by another G-Code command - X, Y, Z: End point in cartesian coordinate 4.2 BASIC PROGRAMMING COMMANDS Tool Motion Command - G00 Positioning in Rapid In Milling, when rapiding out of a part, the G00 command always goes up in the Z axis first, then laterally in the XY plane In Turning, when rapiding out of a part, the G00 command always goes up in the X axis first, then laterally in the Z axis 4.4 FIXED CYCLES Example G84 O1008 N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 N2 T03 M06 N3 G21 N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X20 Y20 N5 G43 H01 Z100 N6 M03 S1000 Z20 N7 G99 G84 Z-15 R5 F300 (G74 Z-30 R5 F300 ); N8 X80 N9 Y80 N10 X20 N11 X50 Y50 N12 G80 G00 Z100 M05 N13 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 N14 M30 4.4 FIXED CYCLES G86 Boring Cycle Format: N_ G98(G99) G86 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ F_ O1009 N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 N2 T01 M06 N3 G21 N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X50 Y50 N5 G43 H01 Z100 N6 M03 S1000 Z20 N7 G99 G85 Z-20 R5 F300 N8 G80 G00Z100 M05 N9 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 N10 M30 X: Hole position in X axis Y: Hole position in Y axis R: Reference position (Z axis st point) Z: Final depth (abs.) F: Federate specification 4.4 FIXED CYCLES G87 Back boring Cycle Format: N_ G87 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ Q_ P_F G17 G90 G54 G00 X50 Y50 G43 H01 Z100 M03 S1000 Z20 Z-20.0 R-25.0 Q5.0 P100 F100.0 G80 G00 Z100 M05 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 M30 X: Hole position in X axis Y: Hole position in Y axis Z: Depth of the bottom of hole(abs) R:Reference position (Z axis st point) Q: Offset of hole bottom P: Dwell time in milliseconds F: Feedrate 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE Strategy - Facing (S2000, F0.2) - Rouging (S2500, F0.3) - Finishing (S2500, F0.2) - Cut-off (S2500, F0.1) 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE Strategy - Facing (S2000, F0.2) - Rouging (S2500, F0.3) - Finishing (S2500, F0.15) - Grooving (S2500, F0.2) - Threading - Cut-off (S2500, F0.1) 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE Strategy - Facing (S2000, F0.2) - Rouging (S2500, F0.3) - Finishing (S2500, F0.15) - Grooving (S2500, F0.2) - Cut-off (S2500, F0.1) 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE Strategy - Facing (S2000, F0.2) - Rouging (S2500, F0.3) - Finishing (S2500, F0.15) - Drilling (S2500, F0.1) - Boring (S2500, F20.2) - Cut-off (S2500, F0.1) 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE Strategy - Facing (S2000, F0.2) - Rouging (S2500, F0.3) - Finishing (S2500, F0.25) - Grooving (S2000, F0.1) - Threading - Drilling (S2500, F0.2) - Boring (S2500, F0.3) - Cut-off (S2500, F0.1) 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE Strategy - Facing (S2000, F0.2) - Rouging (S2500, F0.3) - Finishing (S2500, F0.25) - Grooving (S2000, F0.1) - Threading - Drilling (S2500, F0.2) - Boring (S2500, F0.3) - Threading - Cut-off (S2500, F0.1) 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE A-A 20 Strategy - Facing (S2000, F100) - Outer contour (S2500, F200) - Pocket (S2000, F150) 50 R20 R60 50 R2 60 40 100 30° R1 R6 A 45 A 8 75 150 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE A-A 10 20 Strategy - Facing (S2000, F100) - Outer contour (S2500, F200) - Pocket (S2000, F150) - Pocket (S2000, F150) 50 50 100 47 R30 R60 R2 Ø30 A R1 37 A 32 70 150 32 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE 15 20 18 A-A R1 10 30 80 Ø8 A A 15 35 15 35 10 15 120 Strategy - Facing (S2000, F100) - Pocket (S2000, F150) - Drilling (S1500, F100) 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE Strategy - Facing (S2000, F100) - Pocket (S2000, F150) - Slot (S2000, F100) 20 10 A-A A 50 R3 30 R5 A 100 100 60° 30 10 50 4.5 CNC PROGRAMING EXERCISE Strategy - Facing (S2000, F100) - Pocket (S2000, F150) - Slot (S2000, F100) 20 10 A-A 45 ° 60 Ø4 18 90 Ø30 A 45 A 90 THANKS!