NGHIEN CUfU-TRAO D O I LPNG DUNG LY THUYET DONG CONG S U A T KJN THI^T K^, CH^ TAO BE THU' HIEU S U A T C U M C A U SAU CHU DONG OTO T A I NHE ' APPLICATION OF CLOSED POWER FLOW IN DESIGNING AND MANUFACTURING THE EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE TESTING PLATFORM FOR REAR AXLE ASSEMBLY IN LIGHT TRUCKS Ths Do Giao Tiln' KS Nguyin HGu Sim^ ThS Le Hong Ky^, ThS Nguyen Manh Trfldng^ TS Nguyen Thanh Quang^, TS Duong Ngoc Khanh^ 'Bd Khoa hpc vd Cdng nghe, ^TrUdng Dai hpc SU pham Ky thuat HUng Yin 'TrUdng Cao ding SU pham Vinh Long, ''Tdng Cdng ty VEAM ^TrUdng Dai hpc Bach khoa Ha Ndi TOM TAT Hieu sudt truyen lUc Id chi tieu quan trgng deddnh gid chdt lUdng ciia cum cdu sau chii dgng Cdu sau xe dtd sau dUdc thiet ke, che tqo thUdngdUdcdo thit hiiu sudt Vdn dekiem tra hiiu sudt cum cdu sau tren thi'gidi dUdc tiin hdnh theo mgt qui trinh chdt che, riing biet O Viet Nam, thi nghiem do, kiem • tra hieu sudt cum cdu sau dtd Id linh vUc hodn todn mdi Do vdy, vdn deddt la cdn phdi thie't kedUdc loqi be thiC hiiu sudt phii hdp vdi cum cdu sau dUdc chi tqo nUdc Bdi bdo trinh bdy viic Ung dung ly thuyit ddng cdng sudt kin de thiet ke, che tqo be thU cdu sau • chii dgng tren xe tdi tdn che tqo nUdc ABSTRACT Force transmission efficiency is among the most important criteria to assess the quality of the ^t rear axle assembly in automobiles In reality, it is a common practice to measure the efficiency of this fundamental component after the designing and manufacturing stages have been finished In many advanced countries well-known for automobile industry, the testing of the rear axle assembly's efficiency is •'• conducted following a strict and exclusive technological procedure However, this practice is still at its inception in Vietnam Therefore, it is of great practical importance to find out the answer to the question ^ofhow to design and fabricate an efficiency testing platform for domestically-manufactured rear axle •.assemblies Ill '•• This study presents the application of closed power flow in designing and fabricating efficiency \itesting platform for the rear axle assembly in domestically-manufactured 3-ton light trucks Keywords: Cdu sau dtd, hieu sudt, be thit, ddng cdng sudt kin Hi TAP CHi CO KHl VIET NAM • Sd (Thang nam 2012) ^ J NGHIEN C U T U - T R A G D O I -4 MO DAU Cdng nghiip phy trp ddng vai trd rdt quan trpng chiln lUpc phdt trien ngdnh Cdng nghiip td Trln thflc te, khd ndng ndi dja hda phy tung dtd ciing da dUpc thi hi|n mdt s6 Iinh vflc: h | thdng truyin Ii^c (cym edu chu ddng), nhip, thung, cabin xe tdi, cdc chi tilt nhfla, Hilu suat cym cdu chu ddng Id mdt nhi3ng chl tieu ddnh gid chat lUpng cua cym cdu chu ddng Bdi bdo trinh bdy kit qud nghiin cflu vi|e flng dyng ddng cdng sudt kin dc thilt kl, che tao b | thfl cdu sau dflpc sdn xudt vd Idp rdp tai Viet Nam CO s d Lt THUYET THIET K£, C H ^ TAO B$ THU" CAU SAU CHU D O N G 2.1 Yeu cau ky thudt cua cum cau sau De ddnh gid chat Iflpng cua cau sau xe dtd, ta ddnh gia theo cdc chi tieu: hi|u sudt, dp dn, dp rung, nhiet dp, dp ben Idu, dp tin cdy ldm viec Vdi moi chi tieu se sfl dyng cdc phuong phdp thi nghiem thich hpp de ddnh gid Hilu suat Id thdng sd danh gid hilu qua truyen cdng sudt cua cau xe Neu gpi cdng suat dan vdo cau xe trln trye vdo (dau bdnh rang qud dfla) va edng sudt trln tryc cua nd (cdc bdn true) Id d trang thai lam vi|c dn dinh Ian lUpt Id N, vd N^ thi hi|u suat rj dUpc xde dinh theo cdng thflc (1.1) khdc ddng kin Khi bilt cdng suat m mdt d h0p truyin dpng sd ta cd thi tinh dU(] hi|u sudt eda h | truyin lflc nhd cdng sudt cij dOng ca di|n vd cdng sudt gay tdi Hinh 1: So dd nguyin 1^ b | thfl hi|u suit cdu » d6ng cdng suit kin l.D^ng CO H^p truyfin d^ng Thi^t b| md men xoiln Bfch nfii C3u xe thCf nghidm Truydn d^ng dai Tryc cic dJng truyen dgng Co clu gky tdi bing thuy \\fc Thift bi mft men xoin Cdng suat ciia dpng ca di|n can dd de thdng Iflc ma sat ben b | thfl nin dpi^ aJ di|n thudng nhd gpn va tieu tdn it ndng lu^ng qud trinh sfl dyng Cdng suat dupc trSn dpng CO di|n sd chinh Id ton hao tren toin W h | thdng De xac dinh hi|u suat eua cau xe trenbj thfl can tien hanh theo bflde: ^ - Budc 1: Xac djnh mflc ton hao cdi^soll trln cdc hpp truyen dpng so vd cdc khdp no! bdng each thdo cdc cau xe khdi be thfl va thay Vdi: AN Id cdng suat bi mat mat ben vdo dd mpt d o ^ tryc cdc dang Md men A^ cdu xe tren ddng cO di|n trfldng hpp ndy ed gia tri laM, 2.2 Bl thut ddng cdng suat kin N, N.-AN = —2- = —! (1.1) - Budc 2: Xdc dinh ton hao cdng sudttrin Nguyen ly edu tao cua b | thfl ddng cdng toan bp b | thit Cdc gid tri dUpc Id md men Mj sudt kin dupc thi hi|n tren hinh Be thfl gdm cd vd md men M^ dpng CO dien s61, hai cdu sau sd 5, cac hpp truyin dpng sd tryc cac dang sd va co cau gay tdi s6 Cdng sudt tdn hao trln hai hdp truy& Co cdu gdy tdi se sinh nhiing md men xodn ddng AN dupc tinh theo cdng thflc (1.2) TAP CH! CO KHf VI$T NAM S6 (Thdng ndm 2012) NGHIEN CUTU-TRAO 961 AN = Mya)-M,Q} (1.2) Cdng suat dan vdo cdc hop truyen ddng dupc tinh theo cdng thflc (1.3) N = M, a> (1.3) Gid thilt rang ton that tren hai cum edu Id nhu ta ed (1.4) N, n'= - ^ -AN (1.4) 2.3.2 PhUdngdn Phuong dn 2: Be thfl gdm hai cym cdu sau sd Id mau thfl, mdt hop truyen dpng sd 4, tryc ede dang sd 7, hinh He thong dflpc dan ddng bang ddng eo diln sd Co cau gdy tai sd dflpc tao bang each xoay tflOng ddi hai cap bich vdi Md men cua dpng eo phdt de thang md men ma sat toan he thdng vd ldm quay he thdng (dflpc gpi la md men ma sdt) M d\Sac thdng qua lUc k l sd Hilu suat cua mdi cum cau dUpc tinh theo cong thflc (1.5) A/,-(A/,-W,) M, (1.5) Hinh 3: Be thfl dong cdng suat kin phfldng an Vdi cdc Uu diem ndi bat nhu dd neu, ta sfl dung phflong dn be thfl theo ddng cdng sudt kin dexdc dinh hilu suat cua cau xe 2.3 Cac phuong an thiet ke be thfl hieu suat cum cau chu dong 2.3.1 PhUdng dnl Ddngcildi^n Hop sfl Ciu sau 4, 5,6 H4p truyfn d^ng banh rang Tryc cic ding Co eau gay Iii thiiy lUc Cim bi«n mo men Toan bd eac cum chi tilt eua be thfl hieu suat cdu xe d phuong an dUpc co dinh tren khung be thfl thdng qua eae gia dd va ede mdi ghep bang bu Idng Truyen ddng gidn tilp qua bdnh rdng trung gian Co edu gay tdi nam he thdng nen bd tri gpn nhe hpn Phuong dn thilt k l be thfl ddng edng suat kin dflpc trinh bdy trln hinh Truyen ddng tfl ddng CO dien sd trflc tilp vdo hop sd Co cau 2.3.3 PhUdng dn gay tai sd nam ngoai hop ddo chiiu n i n de ddng thao tac nhUng phdi qua bd truyin d i n hop sd Do Phuong an 3: Hai cau sau sd ndi tilp vdy, kit cau phUOng dn cdng kinh va phflc tap thdng qua tryc dan ddng sd 10 nin phfle tap hon hon Hop gidm toe sd kieh thfldc ldn n i n chi phi cao hon, hinh ^^ Hinh 2: Be thfl dong c6ng suat ldn phflong an I Bpng > Hop so Cau sau 1, 5, Hop tmyen dpng binh ring ' True cac ding i Co cSa gay tai thiiy lUc ' Cam bien mo men Hinh 4; le thfl dong cong suat kin phflong an l.£);>ngcd(diin Hpp s6 Ciu sau 4.5,6 H^p truyen dgng binh Tryc cic dang T^PCHICOBCHIVIETNAM V Co cau giy tdi thiy lijc Cimbifindomflmen 10 Tryc din d$ng 11 Co cau khdp nfii 12 G5i det S6 (Thang nam 2012) NGHIEN Cflu - TRAO DOI dl thilt kl, che tao b | thfl sfl dung hi|u suit cym cau sau dtd tdi nh? loai tan sdn xuat, Idp rap Phuong an 4: Hai ciiu sau s6 n6i ti^p nUdc Cdc thdng sd co ban cua b | thfl gfim: thong qua true dan dpng so 10 nSn ket cau sd vdng quay eua b | thfl (0 - 3000 vdng/phiit), iri| cua bf tha philc tap hon Hpp giSm tfic s6 kich men tdi ldn nhdt h | thdng 320 Nm, tUOng dflong vdi cdng sudt thfle cua dpng cO Idp tren xe thudc ldn nen chi phi cao hcfn, hinh dtd 2.3.4.PhiMngdn4 K £ T QUA C H E TAO B £ THir CAU SAU 0x0 -CMHJB Be thfl cdu sau dtd dd dflpc thilt ke va che tao hodn thi|n, bdn ve thilt kl dflpc trinh bdy trln hinh vd hinh Sdn pham b | thfl cdu sau dU(?c trinh bdy trln hinh Hinh 5: B| thfl d6ng c6ng suat kin phUOng dn D(ngcadi«n Z.H(>ps6 Cdu sau 4, S H4p truyfn d^ng binh ring Ibjc cic ding Ctrdugiytiiihi^ylijc Cim bifn mfl men 10 Trvc din d^ng tl.CocSukhdpndi 12.Gdidd 2.3.5 PhUdng an Phuong dn 5: Kit cau cua be thfl rat phflc tap nin loai be thfl ndy thfldng dung cdng nghiep san xuat hang loat, nhien kit qud kiem tra ehinh xdc hon, hinh Hinh 6: So nguyen Iy b^ thfl hi|u suat cdu sau dbng cong suat kin sfl dyng ca cdu gdy t^ bang bich ndi l,D«ngco Hip truyfn d&ng Cd ciu gdy t^ mat bich ndj Khdp ndi Ciu xe thil ngb^m Truyf n dyng dai TVvic cic ding tmyen dpng Co clu gay tii bing xoin Thift bl mo men xoSn Hinh 9: Betiiflcdu sau da dflpc thilt ke, che tao ho^ thi KET QUA THf NGHIEM DO HI$U SUAT CUM CAU SAU T R £ N B £ T H O a) Do md men ma sat M^^^ cua be thii Vdi cdcflu,nhupe dilm cfla cdc phflong an thiet kl be thfl d trln theo nguyen ly ddng cdng Kit qua md men ma sat M^^^, dUi?c sudt kin nhdm nghien cflu sfl dung phuong dn trinh bdy tren bdng TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM Sd (Thang nam 2012) NGHIEN Cflu - TRAO DO Bangl : Bang mo men ma sat M cac tan s6 khac Tan so f (Hz) Mo men ma sat (M^^J 14 15 15 b) Do kilm tra hilu suat cdu sau xe tai tan Vile hilu suat cau sau d td dUpc tiln hdnh d chl dp tdi khdc + Che dp tai M^ = 100 N.m Kit qua dflpc trinh bay tren bang Bang 2: Bang ket qui hi|u suat cym cau sau d chl dd thfl nhat Hiiu sudt dUdc (rf) Cau sau che tao Cau sau mau Trun BQUOC 8 Tans6f(Hz) Hi^u suat 91 90 Gia trj hieu suat trung binh n ""' 91 92 90,6 93 93 92,6 + Che dp tai M,= 150 N.m Kit qua dflpc trinh bay trln bdng Bang 3: Bang kit qua hieu suat cum cau sau d che dO thfl hai Hiiu sudt dtWc (r\) (cdp nhanh/cdp chdm) Cau sau mau Trung Quoc Cau sau che tao Tan so f (Hz) 8 Hieu suat 91 90 90 93 92 93 Gia tri hieu suat trung binh 92,6 90,3 + Chl dp tdi M, = 200 N.m Kit qua dflpc trinh bay tren bdng Bang 4: Bang kit qua hieu suat cum cau sau d chl dp thfl b Hiiu sudt dtidc (rjj (cdp nhanh/cdp chdm) Cau sau mau Trung Quoc CSu sau che tao Tan so f (Hz) 8 Hieu suat 90 91 91 92 92 93 Gia tri hieu suSt trung binh 92,3 90,6 n '™ TAP CHl CO KHl VIET NAM V S6 (Thang nam 2012) NGHIEN CUfU - TRAO DOI Hilu sudt cua eau sau dflpc se bdng gia tri trung binh cua lan do, ey t h i Id: - Hieu suat cau sau xe tai Trung Qudc - Hieu suat cau sau xe tdi chl tao nfldc Vdi kit qud thi nghiim ta ed the thay rdng chdt lUpng cfla cym cau sau xe tdi dUpc chl tao nUdc tuong dUOng vdi chat lUpng cum cau sau xe tdi Trung Qude KET LUAN Bdi bao da trinh bdy vile flng dyng Iy thuyet ddng cdng suat kin d l thilt kl, che tao b | thfl hieu suat cum edu sau ehu ddng nflde ehfla ed don vi ndo thilt kl, che tao be thfl hilu sudt cym cau sau dtd Kit qua nghiin cflu cua nhdm tdc gia cd t h i Ung dung vdo thflc tien de tien hanh san xuat loat d qui md cdng nghiep, gdp phan ndng eao nang Iflc ndi dja hda phu tung dtd nfldc *> NgUdi phdn bien: TS Hoang Thang Binh, PGS.TS Le Trung Dung Tai lieu tham khao: [1] Asch, G (1991), Les capteurs en instrumentation industrielle Dunod, Paris [2] Bohemia (2003), Auto Katalcg, Motor-presses [3] Vlk, F Zkouseni a diagnostika motorvych vozidel, (2003), VLK, Brno [4] LlHM6anHH, B.B.(1978), McnbiTaHHJi aBTOMo6Hneii MauiHHOCTpoHeHMe, MocKBa [5] Nguyin Hflu Can, Phan Dinh Kien, (1987), Thilt klva tinh toan oto may keo Tap 1, NXB DH va THCN [6] Nguyin Hflu Can, Pham Hflu Nam, (2004), Thi nghiem d td, NXB Khoa hpc Ky thuat [7] Trinh Chat, Le Van Uyen (2002), Thilt kl tinh toan h | dan dpng cO khi, NXB Giao due TAP CHI CO KHf VIET NAM • Sd (Thdng nam 2012) ... thfl cdu sau dflpc sdn xudt vd Idp rdp tai Viet Nam CO s d Lt THUYET THIET K£, C H ^ TAO B$ THU" CAU SAU CHU D O N G 2.1 Yeu cau ky thudt cua cum cau sau De ddnh gid chat Iflpng cua cau sau xe... H E TAO B £ THir CAU SAU 0x0 -CMHJB Be thfl cdu sau dtd dd dflpc thilt ke va che tao hodn thi|n, bdn ve thilt kl dflpc trinh bdy trln hinh vd hinh Sdn pham b | thfl cdu sau dU(?c trinh bdy trln... suat cdu sau xe tai tan Vile hilu suat cau sau d td dUpc tiln hdnh d chl dp tdi khdc + Che dp tai M^ = 100 N.m Kit qua dflpc trinh bay tren bang Bang 2: Bang ket qui hi|u suat cym cau sau d chl