Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tnr&ng Dgi hgc dn Tha Phdn A • Khoa hoc Tu nhien Cong nghe va liai iruang 29 f>0>3)'''' 36 63 Tap chl Khoa hoc TrUcJng Dai hoc Can Thd website sj ctu edu vn THIET Kt CHE TAO BE USBF Xf L[.]
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tnr&ng Dgi hgc dn Tha Phdn A • Khoa hoc Tu nhien Cong nghe va liai iruang: 29 f Tap chl Khoa hoc TrUcJng Dai hoc Can Thd website: sj.ctu.edu.vn THIET Kt CHE TAO BE USBF Xf LY NlTdC THAI SO CHE THUY SAN Ngo Qudc Dung', Le Hoang Viet^ Nguyin Vo Chau Ngan^ va Nguyen Hiiu Chiim" ' Phdng Tdi nguyen Mdi tnrdng huyin My Xuyen, Sdc Trdng ^ Khoa Mdi trudng & Tdi nguyen Thiin nhiin, Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Thdng tin chung: Ngdy nhdn: 23/05/2013 Ngdy chdp nhgn; 24/12/2013 Title: Design and produce USBF system for treating the aquaproduct pre-processing wastewater Tir khda: Bi USBF, nudc thdi so chi thuy san Keywords: USBF, aqua-product preprocessing wastewater ABSTRACT This study was carried out in order to propose an appropriate wastewater treatment approach with following characteristics of compact, cost effectiveness, suitable operation approach and movability; such the approach would be applied to meet demands of small aqua-processing factories The results on the lab-scale system showed that feasible hydraulic retention time for both technical and economic aspects was hours with the operational parameters of MLVSSanoxic = 2.773 mg/L, MLVSSaerobic = 2.515 mg/L DOanoxic = 0.53 mg/L, and DOaerobic = 4.18 mg/L At these operation parameters, the effluent quality met the national technical regulation of QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT (class A) and QCVN 40;2011/BTNMT In fact, the BODS, COD SS, TKN, TP removal efficiency were 98.2%; 96.68%; 98.8%; 94.18%; and, 97.83% respectively The USBF system could therefore be applied to treat aquaproduct pre-processing wastewater TOM TAT Nghiin cdu ndy dugc thuc hiin nhdm tim mgt hi thong xie ly nuac thdi so chi thity sdn vdi cdc dgc diem: nhd ggn hiiu qud van hdnh dan gidn vd CO thi di chuyen de ddng, ddp irng duac nhu cdu cua cdc ca sd sa chi thiiy sdn hien Cdc kit qud vdn hdnh md hinh d phdng thi nghiim cho thdy thdi gian luu nudc cua bi USBF khd ihi nhdt vi mdt Ay ihugt vd kinh ti la gid vdi cdc thdng sd van hdnh nhu sau: ML VSS,hi€u = 2773 mg/L, MLVSiu^,, = 2515 mg/L DO„„iu = 0,53 mg/L, DO h,h = 4,18 m^g O thai gian liru gio ndng cdc chi liiu theo doi nudc thdi ddu dgt QCVN 11.-2008/BTNMT vd 40:2011/BTNMT (egt A) vdi hiiu sudt xir ly BODi COD SS, TKN, TP ldn lugt la 98.2%; 96.68%; 98,8%; 94.18%; 97.83% Nhuvgybi USBF cd thi dugc sd dung di xu ly nudc thdi so ehi thuy san BAT VAN BE Theo Bdo cio Tong kit nginh nim 2010 cua Sd Ndng nghiep vd Phit frien Nong thdn Tinh Soc Trang ting diln tich nuoi frdng tliuy sdn la 70.728 diln tich nuoi tdm sii 47.926 tdm the chan frdng 161 ha, tdm cang 264 San lugng thuy san dgt 165.281 tin/ndm, gdm tdra nudc man nudc Ip dat 61.439 tin, tdm cing 160 tin Xuat khdu thuy sdn udc dat 388 frilu USD Ben canh lgi ich rdt Idn vl raat kinh ti chi biin xudt khiu thuy sdn mang lai cho dit nudc ndi chung va tinh Soc Trang ndi rieng, vdn di mdi tnrdng cung rdt can phai dugc quan lam quan frgng nhdt Id nuac thai phdt sinh qua frinh chi biin tfaiiy sdn Nudc thai so chl thiiy san la loai nudc thai c6 ham Tap chi Khoa bgc Tru&ngDgi Phdn A: Khoa hgc Tu nhiin Cong nghe vd Moi inrang 29 (2013) 58-65 lugng chdt hiiu co cao vi cd kfad nang phdn hiiy sinh fapc cao (Lim Minh Triit et al, 2006) Niu nude thai cda cdc ca sd so che thuy sdn thai true tiip vdo mdi trudng sl lam d nhiem ngudn nudc mit, dnh hudng din viec nudi frdng tfaiiy san ciia cdc hp din frong cdng ddng XCr ly nudc thii bdng phuong phip sinh hpc da irng dyng thdnh cdng frong viec logi bd chat thai hiiu CO va cic chat hiiu ca dgng keo (Ll Gia Huy, 2010) Cic phuong phap nhu: bun hogt tinh, lpc sinh hpc, aofadthoing khi, bl oxy hda vi lln men hiiu Id mdt sd phuang phap eo ban de xii ly sinh hpc Tuy nhien, cdc he thdng xii ly sinfa hgc kinh diln thudng chilm diln tich khd ldn van hanh phiic tgp va chi phi diu tu cao Cdng nghe USBF (Upflow Sludge Blanket Filtration) da khac phuc dugc cdc nhugc dllm ma cde phuong phdp xir ly sinfa fapc cd diln vdp pfaai Day Id cdng ngfal cdi tiln ciia qud trinfa biin boat tinh cd dien dd kit hop qua trinh thieu (anoxic), qui frinh hieu (aerobic) v i qui frinh lang frong mot he thong xii Iy Ket qui nghiin ciiu ciia Truong Thanfa Cinh et al (2006) cho thiy md hinh USBF rdt thich hgp cfao xii ly nudc thii dd thi Hieu suit xii Iy COD, BOD5, ni-to va phdt-pho tu'ong iing vio khoang 85%, 90% 94% vd 75% Tuy nhien cong nghe ndy van chua dugc sii dung rong rai d nudc ta va chua dugc ling dung dc xur Iy nudc tfadi so che thiiy sdn Theo khdo sat thyc tl lai tinh Sdc Trdng cd khoang 50-70 CO sd sa che thiiy sdn ca vira vd nfad vdi lugng nudc thdi phdt sinh khoang 10-20 ra'/ngiy dim vdi diln Ilch mat bang hep, vi fri kinh doanh Hinh 1: Tfau thdp vi sinh vgt tgi be bun hogt tinfa ciia h^ thong xir ly nudc thai khdng dn dinfa va chua dugc ddu tu he thdng xu ly nudc dat tiiu chudn cho phep Vi the nghiin ciiu "Thiit ki chi tgo bi USBF de xu ly nudc thai so che thuy sdn" dugc thyc faien Myc tllu cua nghiin cim nham xic dinh cic thdng sd tfaiit ke va van hdnh ciia be USBF frln nudc thai so chl thuy sdn md hinh thi nghiim PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN c u t ) 2.1 Boi tirgng ngfaien cihi Ngudn nudc thdi vd ngudn vi sinh vdt de sii dyng frong cdc thi nghiem dugc lay tir Cdng tj TOHH Hal san Viet Hii - phuong Long Thanh huyen Phung Hiep - tinh Hiu Giang (Hinh I vi 2) Md fainh bi USBF sii dyng frong thi nghiim dugc frinh bay frong Hinh Cic thdng sd ky thudt ctia md hinh nfau sau: Mdfainhdugc chl tgo bing sat vdi mpt ragt mica frong de cd thi quan sat dugc cac hien tugng xdy frong md hinfa Kich thudc cua md hinfa ddi 0,7 m !< rOng 0,24 m x cao 0.5 ra; dd chieu cao boat ddng ciia bl la 0,46 m Md hinh chia lam ngan vdi thi tich cua timg ngan nhu sau: ngan thieu 19,4 L (27,3%), ngan faiiu 37,1 L (52,3%), ngdn ldng 14,5 L (20,3%) - Cic thiit bi phu frg gom bom dinh lugng dl bam nudc thai tir thiing chiia vdo rad hinh vi bom hoan luu bun tir ngan ling vl ngan thilu khi; mdy khuiy di khuiy trpn bim d ngdn thiiu vi mdy bom thdi kfai de cung cdp oxy cho ngdn hieu khi- Hinh 2: Lay mau nudc thai tgi ho thu gom nudc tfadi ciia cdng ty Tap chi Khoa hgc Tru&ng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho Phdn A: Kboa bgc Tunhien Cong nglte va Moi iruang: 29 (2013/ 5S-65 CO mdu vang sam vd bim ling kha tdt thi dua vao md hinh di tiln hanh thi nghiem Hinh 4: Tgo sinh kfaoi vi sinh vat Hinh 3: Md hinh bi USBF thi nghiem 2.2 Bo triva tiin hanfa thi ngbifm 2.2.1 Bd tri thi nghiim Cdc thi nghiim tiin hanh frln mo hinh USBF vdi cac thdi gian luu tdn nudc khic de xac dinh thdi gian tdn luu ngin nhit cho nudc thai sau xii ly dat QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT CJ mdi thdi gian tdn luu, kfai md hinh di vin hdnh dn dinh lay miu nudc thai diu vdo va ddu ciia he tfadng frong ngdy liln tyc pfain tich nhdm danh gia hieu qui xii ly cOa rad hinh va tinh dn dinh ciia mo hinh ddi vdi sy biln thiin vl ndng dp chat d nhiem ciia nudc thii dau vao 2.2.2 Cdc budc tiin hdnh thi nghiim a Cdch tgo sinh khoi bitn hogt tinh Giai doan diu tiln qua frinh vgn hanh Id tgo sinh khoi biin hoat tinh Bim dupe ldy tir bl bim hoat ti'nfa cua Cong ty TNHH Hii sin Viet Hdi dem vl phdng thi nghiem cho vao thiing nhya 60 L va syc kfai liln tuc 24/24 Nudc thai frong thung dugc thay djnh ky mdi ngdy faai Ian (sdng liic gid va cfaieu liic 17 gid) nhdm cung cip chit nen cfao vi khuan phdt frien Khi quan sat thdy mit dp biin cao, Nirac thai Sau vao vm iiFU iLPpng Q = 213.3 L/ngay dem Hinh 5: Cac thdng so vgn banh mo hinh USBF a thoi gian liru gid b Tiin hdnh thi nghiim ddnh gid hiiu qud xir ly nuac thdi sa che tdm Ddng Thi H6ng Ngpc vi Phan Thj Huyin Trin (2010) di nghiin ciiu xur ly nudc thai thiiy san bdng bl USBF Kit qui thi nghiim cho thiy vdi tdng thdi gian luu Ii gid tfai cfait lupmg nudc thai dau dgt ylu ciu Dya vdo kit qui phdn tich ndng cic cfaat d nhiem frong nudc thii so chi tdm tucmg ty nhu nudc thii thiiy sdn, moc thdi gian luu li gid dugc chpn dl tiln hdnh tfai ngfailm Vdi thai gian luu Id gid tfai cde thdng so boat dpng ciia be nhu sau: • Luu lugng ngp nudc thai cho bi la 213,3 L/ngay dem.thdi gian luu ciia ngan thiiu la 2,2 gid, ngin hiiu 4,2 gid, ngdn ling 1,6 gid M?t dp cua vi khudn d cdc ngan se xdc dinh dua fren ndng dp BOD ciia nudc thdi dau vao - Sau mo hinh da hogt dpng dn djnh tiin hanh lay mdu nudc thai dau vao vi diu cua mo hinfa dl phan tich vdi sd lin liy mdu Id 3, thdi gian lay mau moi lin each nfaau 24 gid vd pfadn tich cac chi tieu: pH, SS, BOD5, COD, TNK, TP, DO, MLVSS va ting Coliform Tap chi Khoa hpc Tnr&ng Dai hgc Cdn Tho Phdn 4: Khoa hgc Tu nhiin Cong nglii vd Moi inrang: 29 (2013/: 58-65 So sdnfa cac kit qua thu dugc vdi QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT vi QCVN 40:2()l 1/ BTNMT nlu kit qui thu dugc dat cic qui chuan ndy tfai d thi nghiem sau se gidm thdi gian luu tdn nudc, niu kit qua thu dugc vugt cac qui chuan thi d thi ngfailm sau sl ldng thai gian luu tdn nudc va dieu chinh them mot sd thdng sd van hinh nhu ndng dd DO MLVSS - Tiip lyc tien hdnh cdc thi nghiem cho din ehpn dugc thdi gian luu nudc ngdn nhdt md d dd cdc chi tiiu ciia nuoc thdi ddu vin dat CK^VN thai diu dugc thu vd bio quan frong thiing cd udp nudc dd, sau chuyin vl phdng ihi nghiem dl phin tich (frong vong gid kl tir thu miu) Cac chi tieu dupe phan tich bao gdm 619 chi tiiu thupc cic chi tllu qui dinfa bdi QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT li pH, SS, BODs, COD, TKN, tdng Coliform, mdt chi tieu qui dinh bdi QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT id TP vd hai chi lieu lien quan din van hinh he thdng la DO vd MLVSS M^u dugc phin tich tgi phdng thi nghiim Xir ly Nudc vd phong thi nghiera Hoa Ky thuit Mdi frudng Khoa Mdi trudng & Tdi nguyin Thiin nfailn, Trudng Dai hpc Can Tho theo cdc qui trinh hudng din bdi cdc TCVN ve phan tich nudc thai 2.3 Phuvng tiln vd phircmg phdp pfaan ticfa cdc chi tieu Cic mdu nudc thii so chl tom diu vao vi nudc Bang 1: Phuong pbap ^ a phuong tifn phan tich cdc Chi tieu Pfauung phap Phuang tiln Do tryc tilp May pH hieu Orion Model 23QA J*L DO Do tryc tilp May DO (WTW-OXY 330) Phuang phip lpc vi xic Gidy lpc Whatman, mdy hiit chin khong tii say, beaker, dia dinh trpng lugng pefri, binfa hiit am can phan tich Phan huy dam va chung cat Miy cdng phi Kjeldahl KB20s Miy chung edt dgra Gerhardt vapodest, dng phan huy Kjeldahl Kjeldahl May raau quang phd (Jenway 6300 Spectrophotometer), tii Ptong Phuong phap SnCI2 siy, hda chit cin thilt Ong nghiem cd nip vdn, he thdng chung cat hodn luu, binfa tam giac, tu siy 1500 C, burette chuin dp.franserpette,hda Phuang phap Dicroraate chit can thilt Phucmg phip Winkler cii Chai BOD ni li B0D5 (Velp FOC 225E), hda chdt cin thilt tiln Phuong phip xdc dinh Tii say Memraert UI 40, tii nung Heraeus Hanau trgng lugng Can diln lii Sartorius GM 1502 Tdng Mdi trudng nuoi ciy Theo phuang phap MPN Coliform Ong nghiem pipette, tii say vo triing tii cay, tii u 2.4 Xir ly so lieu KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 3.1 Bac tinh cua nunc thai Cong t> TNHH Ndng dp nudc thai dau vio vd dau d mdi thi Hai san Vilt Hai nghiem dugc tinh frung binh vd dp lech chuan so sanh vdi qui chudn de danh gii hieu qua xii ly va Kit qud phdn ticfa mdu nudc thdi ciia Cdng ij sy biln dpng ciia cdc chi tiiu theo ddi vd sy dn TNHH Hat san Viet Hii nhu sau dinh ciia hi thdng Bang 2: Bde tinh ciia nudc thai Cdng Ty TNHH Hii san Viet Hdi Chi tieu pH SS COD BODs TKN TP* Bon vi mg/L rag/L mg/L mg/L me/L '.ip dung QCVN 40:2011 BT.VMT Bau vao 7.65 140 614.4 307,9 119 36,69 QCVN n:2008/BTNMT (logi A) 6-9 50 50 30 30 Phdn A: Kboa hgc Tu nhien Cong nglii vd Mdi Iru&ng: 29 (2013): 58-65 Tap chi Khoa hgc Tnrang Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Cac chi tiiu d nhiem ciia nudc thdi vugt quy cfauin nudc thdi thuy s i n cho pfaep tfaii vao nguon t i i p n h i n (QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT va QCVN 40:201 I/BTNMT) - pH cua nudc thii n i m frong khoing 6,5 8.5 l i thich h g p cho hoat dpng ciia vi sinfa vat cGng nhu frong khoang cho phep thdi v i o moi trudng D o van hdnh cdc hp thdng xii 1;? khdng can phdi d i l u chinh pH ciia nudc thai Ti II BOD5/COD cda nude thai Id 0,5: theo Lam Minh Triit v i L l Hoang Viet (2009) kfai ti 11 BOD5/COD > 0.5 nudc thai cd t h i xu ly sinh hpc Ty l l B0D3:N:P eua mdu nudc thai thi nghiim Id 100:38.6:11,9, ti II B0D5:N:P can thiet cho vi sinh vgt failu faoat ddng Ii 100:5:1 ( L i m Minh Triit & Le Hoing Viet, 2009) Vdi ty le thyc t l khdng c i n phai bd sung t h i m duong chdt cho vi sinh vdt, nhien vdi ham lugng N v i P frong nudc tfaii cao qui frinfa xu Iy sinfa hpc c i n phii quan tdm den eac thdng sd thilt ke vd van hanh de co k h i n i n g loai bd cdc dudng chat 3.2 K i t q u a v a n hdnfa b i U S B F d t h a i gian Iiru gid 3.2.1 Cdc Ihdng sd van hdnh Vdi thdi gian luu nudc dugc chgn la gid thi ltm lupng n u d c thdi ngp cho h$ thong li Q = 213,3 L/ngay d i m Thdi gian Iim nudc ciia ngdn t h i i u Id 2,2 gid, ngdn hieu 4,2 gid va cua ngan ling 1,6 gid Vdi ndng BODs d i u vao khoang 300 mg/L, nong dp biin hoat tinh (MLVSS) v i n hdnh theo thiit k i dugc lya chpn nhu sau: M L V S S ciia n g i n h l l u frong khoang tit 2.500-^ 2.800 mg/L, M L V S S frong ngan thiiu frong khoang tir 2.500 - 3.000 mg/L N d n g dp oxy hoa tan (DO) cua ngdn tfaieu dugc fri frong k h o i n g < DO < mg/L D O cua n g i n hieu dugc fri Idn hon mg/L d mgi thdi diim Md hinh dugc dua vdo vgn h i n h vdi c i c thong sd lua chpn bim hogt tinh d i p h i t triln tot va thich nghi, liln hdnh lay mau d l k i l m fra cdc thong so vgn hanh K i t qua phdn tich, kiem fra cdc thing s i van faanh dugc trinh bay frong Bang K i t qua cho thdy c i c thong sd van hdnh thich hgp cho vi sinh v i t hoat dpng pH ndm frong khoang 6,5-8,5, DOHK > rag/L, D O T K < mg/L, ty 11 F/M frong khoang - , d-' Vdi cac dilu k i | n nhu trin logi nudc thii n i y h o i n toan phii hgp Ae xu Iy bdng be USBF m i klidng can phai dieu chinh, bd sung b i t ky chi tieu nao Bdng : Cdc t h o n g so vgn h a n h b l U S B F d tfadi gian Iini gid Thong so Don vi pH F/M -day"' Gia tri lan 7.1 0,3 mg'L mg/L mg/L mg/L MLVSSHK 3.2.2 Kit qud vdn hdnh md hinh d gian luu gid DOTK DOHK MLVSSTK Gia tri lan 7,89 Gia tri lan 7,11 0,8 0,6 0,52 4,12 2750 2532 tdng thdi Sau md hinh hogt ddng on djnh, liln hinh lay mau nudc thii ddu vao va ddu dem phan tich raau nudc thai d i u vao va d i u ciia md hinh dugc thu v i o ngiy liln tuc v i o moi buoi s i n g liic gid Trung binh kit qua phin tich mau nudc thai d i u vao va dau vdi thdi gian luu gid dugc 0,49 4,02 2806 2515 frinh b i y d Bang 0,59 4,36 2764 2498 Gia tri trung binh 7,37 0,57 0,53 4,17 2773 2515 C i c sd lieu phan ticfa cho t h i y ndng dp nudc thdi sau xur ly dgt quy chudn x i thii cho phep Doi vdi pH: nudc thdi sau xir Iy cd pH tang so vdi pH ciia n u d e thii dau vdo chiing id frong b i xay q u i trinh khir nifrat kha t i t vi qud frinh khii nitrat Id qua trinh tgo dp k i l m cho nudc thai, lam tang pH cua nudc thai Bang 4: Ket qua p h a n ticb n u d c thai dau v i o va dau tfadi gian luu gid Thong so pH BOD COD SS TKN TP*« Don vj mg/L mg/L mg L mg'L mg/L Bau vao* 7.37 ±0,45 521,25±355,32 972.92 = 384.89 2515± 17 238.78= 105,84 40.05 = 3.83 Ban ra* 7,84 "• ±0,08 "'8,67 ±1,72 30,83 ± 8.78 30 ± 15,88 I 11,34 0.88 = 0.32 H i | u s u i t (%) 98,2 96,7 98,8 94J 97,8 QCVN 11:2008 /BTNMT 6-9 30 50 50 30 * Gid In ining binh ba dat phdn lich mail cua ngdy lien tuc ** Ap dung OC\'.\ 40 2011 BTSXTF Tap chi Khoa hoc Tnr&ng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn 4: Khoa hoc Tu nhien Cdng nghe vd Moi tru&ng- 29 (2013/: 58-65 - Ddi vdi BOD5 va COD: nudc thdi diu \ ao cd BODs va COD biln dgng rit Idn diiu ndy nudc thai cimg dugc liy d mgt dia diim vd thdi diira gidng nfaau frong ngiy, nfaung tfadi gian nhgp vd lugng hang ve nfai may biin dgng mdi nen ndng chat d nhilm frong nudc tfadi bien dpng Idn Tuy nhiin ndng dp BOD5 vi COD dau rit thap so vdi nguong cho pfaep vi cd miic dao dpng kfadng Idn, dilu chiing td dugc khd ndng hoat ddng dn dinh ciia he thing frong dieu kipn sdc tdi nap chdt hiiu co Hieu sudt xir ly cua BODs vd COD dat 98.2% va 96.68% Ddi vdi SS: SS ddu vao cd ndng dp rat Idn nhiin ndng dg SS ddu dgt qui chudn vd on dinh, dilu Id uu diem ciia qui trinh Idng ddng ngugc, cdc bong can biin hogt rinh cd sdn frong be ling da giir lai cac chat rdn la liing va cdc bong can tir ngan hiiu kfai di vao Hieu qua logi SS cao vi dn dinfa gdp phdn vio hieu qui loai bd cic chdt d nhilm ciia md hinh Hieu suit xit ly cua SS dat 98,8% (hieu suit ngin Idng) - Ddi vdi TKN: hieu qua loai bd TKN ciia he thdng khd cao mac dii ndng dp TKN dau vao biln thien rat ldn, dilu la frong ngin hieu NH4' dugc oxy hda thdnh nifrat, lugng nitrat dugc giu frong bim vd nudc ciia bl lang dugc faoan luu frd lgi ngin thiiu khi, tai ddy qua frinh khii nitrat diln chuyin nitrat thdnh cac dang kfai bay kfadifaetfadng Qui frinh niy cung hodn fra lai mpt lupng kiem cho nudc thai lim cho pH ciia nudc thdi sau xu ly tdng lln Hieu suit xit ly cua TKN dat 94,18% - Doi vdi TP: hieu qud loai bd TP eua he thdng rdt cao frong bl cd ngan thilu khi, mac dii ndng dp IX) ciia ngin niy ldn hon rag/L nhung cac bdng can sinh hpc Idn, DO xdm nfagp tir nudc vao bdng can, ndng dp DO giam ddn tgo hai khu vyc frong bdng can sinh hpc, Idp ngoai hoat dpng frong dilu kiln tfailu giiip khii nifrat cdn ldp frong ciia bong cin se hogt dgng frong dilu kiln yim lira phdng thich pfadt Phdt se dugc vi sinh vat hieu ngdn failu fr'ch liiy vdo bin frong te bao ciia chiing dd hieu qud logi bd photpfao tdng lln Hiiu suit xu Iv cua TP dgt 97.83% Ddnh gid hiiu sudt xu ly Qua thi nghiem vdi thdi gian luu gid, can cii vio kit qud phdn rich nudc diii diu sau xii ly so sdnh vdi QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT \ a QCVN 40:201 I/BTNMT cho thiy hiiu qua xii Iy nudc thai ciia md hinfa la rdt tdt, tdt ca cac chi rilu diu dat logi A tfaeo (JCVN cho phep xd thai Do do, de tim tfadng so tfaiefa fagp nhdt de xir ly nudc thai so cfae tfaiiy sin ciia bl USBF raa d dd nudc tfaii ddu vdn dat logi A theo QCVN cho phep xd thai, riln hdnh thi nghiim gidm thdi gian luu nudc xuong cdn gid 3.3 Ket qua ngfailn cuu bl USBF vdi thai gian liru gid* 3.3.1 Cdc thdng sd van hdnh Vai thdi gian luu nuoc Id gio thi luu lugng nudc thai ngp cho he tfadng Id Q - 243,5 L/ngay dim Tfadi gian luu nudc ciia ngan thieu kfai Id gid ngin failu 3.6 gid, \a ciia ngan lang 1,4 gid Vdi ndng dp BOD5 dau vdo khoing 300 mg/L, ndng dp bim boat fr'nh (MLVSS) frong cac ngdn kfai van hdnh dugc lya chpn nhy sau: MLVSS cua ngdn hieu kfai frong kfaodng tir 2.500^2.800 mg/L, MLVSS frong ngan thilu khodng tir 2.500^-3.000 mg/L Ndng dp oxy hda tan (DO) ciia ngin thieu dugc tri khoing < DO < mg/L DO ciia ngan hieu dugc tri Idn hon mg/L d mpi tfadi dilm Sau kfai xdc dinh cdc thdng sd van hinh md hinh dupe dua vdo van hdnh vdi cdc thdng so lya chpn, biin hogt tinh da phat trien tdt vd thich nghi, tiln hanh lay mdu dl kiem fra cic thdng so van hanh Kit qud phdn tieh, kilm fra cic thdng sd vanfaanfadugc trinh bay frong Bdng Bang 5: Cac thong so van hanh be USBF a thai gian luu gid Bon vi Gia trj lan Gia tri lan Tfadng so 7.5 7,6 pH F/M day"' 0,4 0.3 mg/L 0.4 0,5 EXhx mg/L 4.1 DOHK 4,1 mg/L 2750 2786 MLVSSTK mg/L 2524 2591 MLVSSHK - Gia trj lan 7.5 0.4 0.6 4.3 2808 2534 Gid tri trung binfa 7,5 0,4 0,5 4,2 2781 2550 Tgp cbi Kboa bpc Tnr&ng Dgi hoc Cdn Tba Phan A Khoahgc Tunhien Cong nghi vd Moi iruang: 29(2013)' 58-65 3.3.2 Kit qud van hdnh md hinh d long thdi gian luu gid Sau kfai rad hinfa hogt dpng dn dinh, tiln hdnh lay raau nudc thai dau vao vi diu dem phan rich Ba mau nudc thii ddu vao va diu ciia md hinh dugc thu vao ngiy liln tuc vdo moi buoi sang liic gid Cdc kit qua phanfr'chmdu ddu vdo vd dau dugcfrinfabdy d Bang Kit qui tfai nghiim d thdi gian luu gid cho thay: - Chi tiiu pH: nudc thdi sau xu ly cd pH ting so vdi pH cua nudc thdi diu vao chiing tdfrongbe xdy qua trinh khir nitrat khd tdt vi qua frinh khii nifrat la qua frinh tao dp kiim cho nudc thii, Iam tang pH ciia nudc thdi Bang 6: Hi$u suat xir ly nudc thai d thdi gian luu gid ThSng so pH BOD COD ss TKN TP" Bon vi mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L Bau vdo'^ 7,5 ± 0,05 288,42 ± 20,43 475 ± 45,07 2550 ±36.14 143,33*9,07 40.34 ±2.83 Bau ra* 7,7 ±0,1 1,57 ±3,92 35,5 ±11,76 26,67 ± 8.32 17,92 ±2.67 4,96 ± 0,49 Hieu suat (%) 93,4 92,5 99.0 87,5 87.7 QCVN 11:2008 /BTNMT 6-9 30 50 50 30 * Gid tri trung binh ba dgt phdn lich mdu cua ngdy lien luc **Ap dung 2Cr.V 40:201 1:BTNK4T - Chi tiiu BOD5, COD, SS vd TKN: hieu suit xu Iy dat 93.4%, 92,5% 99% vi 87,5% hjong ling, nong dp cac chi tieu ddu rit tfaip so vdi nguOTg cho phep va cd miic dp dao ddng khdng Idn, dilu niy cfaiing td dugc kha nang hogt dpng dn dinh cua mofainfad thdi gian luu gid Rieng chi co chi tiiu TP vdi thdi gian lim la gid thi hi|u suit xii ly dgt 87,7%, vdi hieu suit xir ly nudc thai diu khdng dgt QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT 3.4 Bdnh gia hieu qua be USBF vdi ting thdi gian luu la gid vd gior So sanfa cdc chi rilu d hai thdi gian luu ta thiy: • Ddi vdi chi tiiu pH: pH dau cua ci thdi gian luu ludn cao hon ddu vdo cho thiy frong bi qua trinh kfaii nitrat kha tdt vi khii nifrat se siiA dp kilm cho nudc thdi, Iam tdng pH ciia nudc thai Ddi vdi chi rilu BOD5: chi tiiu BOD5 dtfadi gian luu gid co hiiu suit xir ly 98.2% cao faon nhilu so vdi hieu suit xir ly d thdi gian luu gid la 93.4% BODJ ddu ca hai thdi gian luu diu dat loai A QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT ling) Kit qui SS diu ci hai thdi gian luu diu dat loai A QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT • Dii vdi chi rilu TKN: chi tiiu TKN d thm gian luu gid cd hieu sudt xu Iy Id 94,18% cao hon nhilu so vdi hieu sudt xir ly d thdi gian luu gid la 87,5% Kit qua diu vdn dat loai A QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT Ddi vdi chi tiiu TP: chi rieu TP d thdi gian luu gid cd hieu sudt xii Iy 97,83%i cao hon nhiiu so vdi hieu suit xir ly d thdi gian luu gid la 87,7%) Tuy nfailn, kit qua ddu d thdi gian luu gid dgt logi A QCVN 40:2011 /BTNMT cdn d thai gian luu gidvugt QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT KET LUAN Kit qua tfai nghiim cho thiy nudc thai so che thiiy sdn co ning dp BOD5, COD SS, TNK diu vio trudc kfai vio bl xii Iy deu vuat miic cho phep theo QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT nfaung sau kfai qua bl xir ly USBF vdi ting thdi gian luu Ii gia vi gid thi nudc tfaai ddu dat loai A theo QCVN 11:2008/B'rNMT Riing cd chi tieu TP kfai qua be USBF vdi tong thdi gian luu gid la khong dat Ddi vdi cfai lilu COD: chi rilu COD d thai gian luu gid cd hieu suit xii Iy Ii 96.8% cao hon nhilu so vdi hieu suit xii Iy d thdi gian lim gid Id 92.5% Ket qua COD diu ca hai thdi gian luu deu dgt loai A QCVN 11:2008/BTNMT Trong frudng fagp triln khai md hinh thyc tl, vile vanfainfavdi nudc thai true tiip khd co thi dgt dugc faieu suit tuong duong nfau vgn hinh cic md hinh frong phong thi nghiem, de nghj chpn long thdi gian luu la gid di thiit ki bi USBF cho xu ly nudc thii so chi thiiy san - Doi vdi chi rilu SS: cfai tieu SS d thdi gian luu gid va thdi gian ltm gid cd hieu suit xir ly gin bdng nfaau la 98.8% va 99% (hieu suit d ngan Mpt sd kien nghi di nghiin ciiu sdu ban ve cdng nghe USBF: Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tnrang Dgi bgc Cdn Tba Phan A: Khoa hgc Tu nliien Cdng nghe vd Moi Inr&ng' 2912013) 58-65 Tiep tuc nghiin ciru hieu qua xii ly VOT cac thdng sd van hdnh kfadc de chpn thdng sd van hdnh hieu qui nhat - Nghiin curu thim hieu qui xii ly ciia bl USBF ddi voi nhilu loai hinfa nuoc thii khdc TAI LIEU THAM KHAO I Lira Minh Triit el al, 2006 Ky Thudt Mdi Tnrdng Nhi xuit bdn Dgi hpc Qudc Gia, TP Hd Chi Minh Ll Gia Huy, 2010 Gido trinh cdng nghi vi sinh vdt xu ly chdt thdi Nhi xuat ban gido due Viet Nam Lam Minh Triit, Ll Hoang Vilt, 2009 Vi Sinh Vgt Nudc vd Nudc Thdi Nhd xuat bdn Xiy Dyng, Ha Npi Truong Thanh Cdnh, Trdn Cdng Tan, Nguyin Quynh Nga va Nguyin Khoa Viet Trudng, 2006 Nghiin cuu xir ly nudc thdi thi bdng cdng nghe sinh hgc kit hgp lgc ddng ngugc USBF Tap chi Phat triln Khoa hpc va Cdng nghe, tap 9, so 7/2006 Sd Ndng nghiip & PTNT Tinfa Soc Trang, 2010 Bdo cdo Tdng kit ngdnh Ndng nghiip vd Phdt trien Ndng thdn Tinh Sdc Trdng ndm 2010 vd triin khai ki hogch nam 2011 UBND Tinh Sdc Trang ... ciiu "Thiit ki chi tgo bi USBF de xu ly nudc thai so che thuy sdn" dugc thyc faien Myc tllu cua nghiin cim nham xic dinh cic thdng sd tfaiit ke va van hdnh ciia be USBF frln nudc thai so chl... sinh kfaoi vi sinh vat Hinh 3: Md hinh bi USBF thi nghiem 2.2 Bo triva tiin hanfa thi ngbifm 2.2.1 Bd tri thi nghiim Cdc thi nghiim tiin hanh frln mo hinh USBF vdi cac thdi gian luu tdn nudc khic... tfaiiy sin ciia bl USBF raa d dd nudc tfaii ddu vdn dat logi A theo QCVN cho phep xd thai, riln hdnh thi nghiim gidm thdi gian luu nudc xuong cdn gid 3.3 Ket qua ngfailn cuu bl USBF vdi thai gian