NGHIEN CUU TRAO DOI V I S A O H l £ U L U C Q U A N L Y V E M O I T R l t f N G d N U t f C T A Y E U K E M ? PGS TS NGUYiN THI THdM* ieu luc quan ly nha nude (QLNN) v l mdi truong d nude ta thoi gian[.]
NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI V I S A O H l £ U d L U C Q U A N L Y V E N U t f C T A Y E U M O I T R l t f N G K E M ? PGS.TS NGUYiN THI THdM* ieu luc quan ly nha nude (QLNN) v l mdi truong d nude ta thoi gian qua nhieu han che' Tinh trang vi pham phap luat bao ve m6i truong (BVMT) ra't phd bien Neu so vdi cac muc tieu ve han che' nhiem mdi trudng dupe dat chie'n lupc B V M T qudc gia den nam 2010 thi khdng cd muc tieu nao dat dupe Tai lai cd tinh trang nhu vay? Cd the chi mpt sd nguyen nhan chu ye'u sau: He thdng luat phap, chinh sach ve bao ve moi trudng nhieu bat cap - Thii nhdt, he thdng ndy chua dong bo, thieu thdng nhdt, chong cheo vd mdu thudn Chang han, theo D i l u 22, Ludt Bdo ve mdi trudng nam 2005, muc quy dinh cac du an dau tu chi dupe phd duyet, ca'p phep dau tu, xay dung sau k h i cd bao cao danh gia tac ddng moi trudng da dupe co quan cd tham quyln phe duyet hoae ban cam ket B V M T da dupe ca'p gia'y xac nhan Trong dd, Ludt Ddu tu nam 2005 chi quy dinh cac du an phai dang k i diu tu cd n6i dung ve cam ket B V M T va cac du an phai lam thu tuc cap giay chung nhan dau tu cd ndi dung v l giai phap BVMT Cac quy dinh khong neu rd muc d6 chi tiet, cu t h i cua cam ke't hoae giai phap BVMT, dac biet, kh6ng yeu ciu cdn phai danh gia tac dfing m6i trudng Giua Ludt Bdo ve moi trudng va Ludt Xdy dung cung chua cd su thdng nha't Theo Luqt Bdo ve mdi trudng nam 2005, tham quyln tham dinh va phe duyet bao cao danh gia tac dpng moi trudng cua du an quy dinh tai muc 7, D i l u TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NU6c - SO 183 (4-2011) 21 va D i l u 22, cu t h i la: cac bp, co quan ngang bd, co quan thupc Chinh phu va U B N D cap tinh td chuc tham dinh va phe duyet bao cao danh gia tac dpng mdi trudng dd'i vdi cac du an thupc thdm quyln quye't dinh phe duyet cua minh (tru cac du an lien tinh, lien nganh) Trong dd, Ludt Xdy dung nam 2003 va Nghi dinh sd 16/2005/ND-CP 07-02-2005,'Nghi dinh sd' 112/2006/ND-CP 29-9-2006 cua Chinh phu lai quy dinh cac du an sir dung ngudn vd'n hdn hpp, khdng phai la vd'n cua ngan sach nha nude, thi cac chu ddu tu se tu td chuc thdm dinh va quyet dinh ddu tu Giua Nghi dinh so 67/2003/ND-CP va Phdp lenh ve phi vd le phi nam 2001 cung mau thudn Nghi dinh sd 67/2003/ND-CP quy dinh 50% tdng thu tir phi B V M T dupe trich vao Quy B V M T Viet Nam Trong k h i dd, Phdp lenh ve phi vd le phi nam 2001 lai quy dinh ngudn thu tu phi va le phi v l co ban dupe giiJ lai cho ngan sach dia phuong su dung - Thii hai, he thdng van bdn phdp luqt ve BVMT, nhdt la cdc van bdn hudng dan thi hdnh mot sdnpi dung ciia Ludt Bdo ve mdi trudng chua day dii, thieu cu the Ludt Bdo ve mdi trudng Viet Nam chua quan tam dung muc tdi mdi trudng nhan tao, moi trudng lao ddng cung nhu viec xay dung cac luat v l bao ve mdt sd ye'u to moi trudng cu t h i Viec cu the hoa d i l u luat quy dinh * Hpc vi§n Chfnh trj - Hanh chfnh qudc gia Hd Chf Minh 33 NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI trach nhiem dong gop tai chinh cho BVMT, van de boi thudng thiet hai gay tdn that cho moi trudng van cdn bi bd trdng Dieu lam cho cac co sd san xuat - kinh doanh "coi thudng phap luat" Nghi dinh so 81/2006/ND-CP 09-8-2006 ve xir phat v i pham hanh chinh linh vuc B V M T cung thieu dSy du Nghi dinh da bd qua rat nhieu hanh v i vi pham phap luat ve BVMT Khung va muc phat cho tirng hanh v i v i pham cung thieu cu the, gay khd khan cho thuc hien tren thuc te - Thu ba, he thd'ng phdp ludt ve BVMT cdn nhieu diem chua phu hop vdi thuc te Chang han, "su kien Vedan" nhieu y kie'n cho rang cd the khdi td hinh su cdng ty The nhung, Bd ludt Hinh su nam 1999 lai quy dinh chi truy cuu trach nhiem hinh su ddi vdi the nhan (ca nhan), khdng ap dung dd'i vdi phap nhan (td chuc) Do dd, khdng the truy cuu trach nhiem hinh su dd'i vdi Cdng ty Vedan Chinh su bat cap lam cho moi trudng tiep tuc bi nhieu phap nhan xam hai Bp ludt Hinh sit sua ddi, bd sung nam 2009 dupe ban hanh thay the cho Bp luat Hinh su nam 1999, nhung van chua khai quat het tinh hinh tpi pham ve moi trudng thuc te Nhieu quy dinh cua Bp luat van cdn chung chung, can phai cd hudng dan cu thd - Thii: tu, viec ban hdnh mdt sd vdn bdn phdp luat ve BVMT, nhdt Id cdc van bdn hudng ddn thi hdnh ludt rd't chdm tri, thieu kip thdi, khien cho viec trien khai thi hanh luat kho khan, hieu luc thdp Mac du Ludt Mdi trudng dupe ban hanh tu nam 1993, nhung tdi nam 1996 Chinh phu mdi ban hanh Nghi dinh sd 26/ND-CP 26-41996 ve xir phat v i pham hanh chinh vd B V M T va tren thuc te thi Nghi dinh cung khong thuc hien dupe M a i tdi nam 2003, Chinh phu mdi ban hanh Nghi dinh sd 67/2003/ND-CP 13-6-2003 vd xir phat v i pham hanh chinh vd B V M T dd'i vdi nude thai thay the cho Nghi dinh sd 34 26/ND-CP Nhu vay, sau 10 nam thuc hien Ludt Bdo ve mdi trudng, cdng tac Q L N N vd moi trudng ian d3u tien m d i dupe ap dung d nude ta theo nguyen tac ciia ndn kinh td thi trudng la "ngudi gay d nhidm m6i trudng phai tra tien" Nhu vay, ro rang la su thieu ddng bp, chdng cheo, mau t h u i n giua cac van ban phap luat vd BVMT; su khdng day dii, khdng phu hpp vdi thuc te, khdng tuong thich vdi nhuhg yeu cau ciia kinh te thi trudng; su cham trd, thieu kip thdi ban hanh cac van ban hudng d i n thi hanh Ludt Bdo ve mdi trudng la mpt nhung nguyen nhan va la nguyen nhan dau tien khien cho hieu luc Q L N N vd mdi trudng d nude ta ye'u kem He thd'ng che tai xu* phat hanh vi vi pham phap luat bao ve m o i t r u d n g co nhieu bat cap - Khung xii phat cdn ndng ve bien phdp phdng ngda, ran de, chua coi viec dp dung cdc cdng cu kinh te, cdc bien phdp kinh te phii hop vdi kinh te thi trudng Mac dii viec sir dung cac cdng cu kinh td Q L N N ve mdi trudng da dupe ap dung phd bien rdng rai d cac nude tren the gidi, song d Viet Nam m d i chi ap dung dudi dang thue, phi B V M T , k i quy, dat epe, cac cPng cu kinh te khac thi mdi chi dang giai doan thu nghiem Hai loai phi duoc sir dung d Viet Nam la phi nude thai (theo Nghi dinh so 67/2003/ND-CP 13-6-2003) va phi B V M T khai thac khoang san (theo N g h i dinh sd 137/2005/ND-CP 09-11-2005) Sd dia phuong da thu dupe phi nude thai tren ca nude chua nhieu Nguyen nhan la khdng cd co sd khoa hoc de xac dinh miic phi Cdn thieu nhieu van ban phap luat nham thd che hoa vide ap dung cac cdng cu kinh te hoat dpng B V M T , gdn B V M T vdi chinh sach sir dung tiet ki6m va hpp ly tai nguyen thien nhien, thieu cac quy dinh vd bdi thudng thiet hai linh vuc mdi trudng TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NU6C - SO 183 (4-2011 NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI - Mdt so hanh vi vi phgm phdp lugt BVMT chua dupe quy dinh chi tiet, cu the, rd rang, thdm chi co nhieu hdnh vi vi phgm cdn chua co che tai xu phat V i du: Dieu 10, 11,13 cua Nghi dinh so' 121/2004/NDCP 12-5-2004 hay Dieu 15, 16 cua Nghi dinh so' 81/2006/ND-CP 09-82006 da dua khung va muc phat ddi vdi hanh vi v i pham hanh chinh linh vuc BVMT nhung chung chung, khong chi tiet, cu the Nhieu hanh v i v i pham phap luat B V M T mdt thdi gian dai khong co che tai nao x u phat V i du, Bp Lugt Hinh su sua ddi, bd sung nam 2009 van chua cd cac quy dinh ve x u ly v i pham phap luat B V M T ddi vdi phap nhan - Xu phgt chua kip thoi vd mdc dp xit phgt thdp Thuc te' cd rat nhieu co sd san xua't - kinh doanh v i pham phap luat BVMT nhung chua bi xu phat, lam cho tinh trang vi pham keo dai Chang han, tinh deh nam 2006, van cdn 70% cac khu cdng nghiep khdng cd he thdng xir ly chat thai; 90% co sd san xua't- kinh doanh dich vu khong xir ly nude thai The' nhung, chung vin hoat dong ma kh6ng bi xir phat Nam 2009, Bo f nguyen va M o i trudng tieh hanh 89 cupc tra, phat hien 798 don vi vi pham phap luat BVMT, nhung chi cd 200/798 don v i bi quye't dinh xir phat (chie'm 25% so co sd) Nhu vay, cd tdi 75% so co sd chua phai chiu muc phat nao, chi bi nhac nhd va don ddc thuc hien Qua bao cao cua 55 Sd Tai nguyen va M o i trudng, nam 2009, da phat hien hon 2.000 co sd v i pham phap luat B V M T nhung chi cd 1.850 co sd bi xir phat, cdn lai 181 co sd chi bi nhac nhd Viec xir phat khdng chi thie'u kip thdi, ma mirc xir phat cdn qua nhe, qua tha'p, khong dii sue ran de Qua cac dot tra tren, sd co sd v i pham chi bi phat vdi tdng sd tien chua den ti ddng, binh quan mdi don vi chi phai nop 16,5 trieu ddng V d i muc phat nhu vay, cac co sd coi nhu khdng cd gi xay ra, va ca bi phat 70 trieu ddng (mure phat cao nha't theo Nghi dinh TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NU6c - SO 183 (4-2011) sd 81/2006/ND-CP), thi doanh nghiep tha chiu nop phat hon phai bd tien xay he thdng xir ly chat thai Them vao nua, thieu nhan luc, nen tra cung chi thuc hien nam mdt ldn V i the', nam mdi nop phat 70 trieu ddng la so tien qua it so vdi viec hp phai xay dung he thd'ng xir ly nude thai Miic xir phat dp dung ddi vdi cac hanh vi khong nop le phi rat tha'p, khong du de cudng che' cac doanh nghiep khong chiu nop phi Chang han, phat tir 500 nghin ddng deh trieu ddng ddi vdi hanh vi khdng nop phi, Id phi cd muc phi dudi 10 trieu ddng; phat tir 5-10 trieu ddng dd'i vdi hanh v i khdng ndp phi, le phi cd miic phi tir 50-100 trieu ddng V d i miic phat nhu vay thi cac doanh nghiep san sang cha'p nhan nop phat thay v i nop phi (vi ndp phat tha'p hon nop phi) - Cdch thu phi mdi trudng va quyen lpi cua ngudi nop phi chua cd hudng ddn cu the: + Ve cdch thu phi: Chua that su khoa hoc v i chua dinh lupng chinh xac miic gay d nhiem mdi trudng cua cac co sd san xuat - kinh doanh Hon nua, td chiic thu phi ciia cac co quan chiic nang cdn long leo, dim day trach nhiem + Ve quyen lpi cua ngudi trd phi: Cac doanh nghiep cho rdng, hp da ddng phi mdi trudng ndn hp khdng phai x u ly nude thai va trach nhiem thudc ve co quan thu phi Trong co quan thu phi mdi trudng lai cho rang: phi dd qua thap, chi la phi quan ly chii khdng du ddu tu cho vide xay dung he thd'ng xir ly nude thai Su thie'u nha't quan each hieu cho den vdn chua cd van ban hudng ddn cu the nao V i the', lam cho hieu luc trien khai cac chinh sach B V M T bi giam dang ke He thdng to chiic bp may quan ly nha nude ve moi t r u d n g nhieu yeu kem - Co cdu td chuc bp may chua tuong xiing vdi nhiem vu Cho den nay, mdi cd 35 NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI 61/63 tinh, phd lap Chi cue B V M T thuoc Sd Tai nguyen va M o i trudng va 617/688 huyen lap dupe Phong Tai nguyen va M d i trudng va d nhieu noi cong tac Q L N N ve m6i trudng chua duoc trien khai Con d cap xa, nhiem vu Q L N N ve moi trudng gan nhu bi bo trdng Cong tac B V M T d cac lang, xa thudng duoc giao cho mot can bo van hoa xa kiem nhiem, vdi chuc nang, nhiem vu chu yeu la don ddc, theo doi cong t i c ve sinh d thon xdm, khu dan cu Van de moi trudng cd tinh chat lien nganh, lien vung chua cd co che ket hop O nhieu khu cong nghiep, lang nghe, khong cd bo phan hoae can bo chuyen trach ve moi trudng He thdng chuydn trach ve m o i trudng tir cap huyen deh cap xa gan nhu chua co - Chuc ndng, thdm quyen cua cdc bp phdn he thdng td chdc bd may QLNN ve m o i trudng chua ro rang, chdng cheo, thieu su phdi hpp nhip nhang lam cho hieu luc Q L N N ve m d i trudng cang them yeu Thuc te nhung nam qua cho thay, cd su chdng cheo ve chuc nang, tham quyen giua Bp Tai nguyen va M d i trudng vdi cac bp, ban, nganh khac Dieu the hien rd nhat linh vuc tra va tham dinh bao cao danh gia tac ddng m d i trudng Viec phan cap quan ly khdng r5 rang cdn d i n deh tinh trang ne tranh, dun day trach nhiem giua cac co quan quan ly Viec phdi hpp hoat ddng giua cac co quan Q L N N ve mdi trudng vdi cac cap chinh quyen, cac ban, nganh va td chuc xa hdi d nhieu dia phuong cdn long leo, co che phdi hpp khdng ro rang - Dpi ngii cdn bp QLNN ve moi trudng thieu ve sd lupng, kem ve chuyen mon nghiep vu, khong dam duong vd hoan thdnh nhiem vu theo chdc ndng vd thdm quyen dupe giao + Ve sd lupng, nam 2010, cd khoang 6.000 ngudi d ca cap trung uong va dia phuong Tinh chung tren pham v i ca nude dat t i le 70 can bd/ltrieu dan Trong dd, d mdt so qudc gia t i le rat cao nhu: Ma36 lai-xi-a 100 ngudi, Ca-na-da 155 ngucri, A n h 204 ngudi Su thieu hut luc lupng can bp Q L N N ve m d i trudng da anh hudng true tiep deh hieu luc va hieu qua Q L N N ve mdi trudng d nude ta + Ve chuyen mon, nghiep vu, qua khao sat dpi ngu can bp quan ly m d i trudng ca nude cho thiy, da phan hp dupe dao tao hen quan deh m d i trudng, nhung lai ft dupe dao tao ve quan ly m d i trudng Chi cd 59% so ngudi dupe dao tao ca hai linh vuc tren Sd can bp dupe tham gia tap huan, bdi dudng kie'n thuc vd tai nguyen, mdi trudng chua nhieu + Ve co cdu, so can bp dupe dao tao ve k i thuat nhieu hon so can bp dupe dao tao ve nghiep vu quan l y m d i trudng So can bp co chuyen nganh dao tao phu hpp vdi v i tri cdng tac khdng nhieu T i le can bp tre tha'p, dpi ngu can bp chuyen gia, can bp gidi dupe dao tao co ban da nghi huu, dd, dpi ngu can bp ke' can va thay the chua dupe chuan bi + Ve dieu kien sdng vd Idm viec, qua ket qua khao sat cua Bp Tai nguyen va M d i trudng cho tha'y, co 88,9% so can bp quan ly m d i trudng cho rang thu nhap ciia ho thap, cdn nhieu ba't hpp l y ; 25,9% so can bp cho rang che' dp, chinh sach danh cho hp chua thoa dang, chua dupe quan tam dung muc; chinh sach khen thudng it, khdng cd t i c dung ddng vien; dieu kien lam vide cua hp rat khd khan, trang thiet bi k i thuat va phuong tien phuc vu cho cdng tac dieu tra, nghien cuu, quan trie, xir ly thdng tin, danh gia thuc trang m d i trudng lac hau, thie'u thdn V i the, hp khdng cd dii can ch de xac dinh cac harm v i v i pham mdi trudng, khdng xac dinh dupe muc phi ma doanh nghiep v i pham phai nop, khdng kiem tra dupe tinh chinh xac cua cac ban bao cao cua cac doanh nghiep Dieu dd cung lam cho hieu luc Q L N N ve mdi trudng khdng dupe thuc hien Bao ve moi t r u o n g chua t r d y thuc trach nhiem ciia nhieu ngucri C) nude ta, nhan thuc vd B V M T cua TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NUOC - SO 183 (4-2011 NGHIEN CUu - TRAO DOI cong dong, doanh nghiep, tham chi cua ca doi ngu cac nha lanh dao, quan ly rat mo ho va chua day du Van de B V M T dudng nhu chi ton tai tren gia'y td, chua thuc su di vao cuoc sdng Cac cap lanh dao chua quan tam day du deh van de mdi trudng va BVMT Nhung bat cap, han che' cua he thd'ng chinh sach phap luat va he thdng to chuc bo may Q L N N ve moi trudng da trinh bay, phan tich d tren la bang chung chung minh cho su quan tam chua day du Rd rang vah de mdi trudng, B V M T chu ye'u mdi chi dung d chu truong, chinh sach, dinh hudng ma chua tao su quan tam dich thuc tir phia cac nha hoach dinh chinh sach Cac doanh nghiep ne tranh van de moi trudng va BVMT Thuc te' cho tha'y, hau het cac doanh nghiep nude van cho rang B V M T la cdng viec cua Nha nude va khong it doanh nghiep cd vd'n diu tu nude ngoai lpi dung so hd, ye'u kem cua phap luat Viet Nam de trdn tranh trach nhiem BVMT 'Chinh su thie'u hpp tac tir phia doanh nghiep la mpt nhuhg nguyen nhan chinh lam giam hieu luc, hieu qua QLNN ve m6i trudng Ngudi dan chua thi hanh tot phap luat ve B V M T va cung chua lam tot trach nhiem giam sat vide thuc thi cac quye't dinh QLNN ve moi trudng, dieu the hien qua cac khia canh sau: - Nhdn thdc sai lech cua ngudi ddn ve vdn de moi trudng Qua khao sat cua Bp T i i nguyen va M d i trudng, cd tdi 33,9% so ngudi dupe hoi cho rang tai nguyen nude ciia Viet Nam la vP tan; 36,9% cho rang tai nguydn rung cua Viet Nam la vd tan; 27,5% cho rang chi nude mat mdi bi d nhilm nude ngdm thi khdng; 29,2% cho rang mPi trudng d phd n h i l m d ndng thon thi khdng Cd the thay nhan thuc sai lech tren la mdt nhuhg nguyen nhan khien cho ngudi co nhung hanh v i kh6ng than thien vdi mdi trudng, v i pham phap luat BVMT TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NUOC - SO 183 (4-2011) - Hieu biet cua ngudi ddn ve phdp ludt, chinh sach BVMT han che Mac dii chua co cu6c d i l u tra nao de danh gia vah d l nay, nhung chac chan n h i l u quy dinh v l B V M T ngudi dan khdng biet va can bp cung khong biet D i l u tao mpt khoang each xa giua viec ban hanh luat va thuc thi luat, hinh nen tam the'coi thudng luat d ngudi dan, ma viec xoa bo tam the khdng phai la cong viec d l dang, nhat la bdi canh trinh dp dan t r i thap, ddi sdng thieu thdn thi cdng viec cang kho khan them gap bpi - Nhieu ngudi thd o trudc nhdng hanh vi vi pham phdp ludt BVMT Theo khao sat d pham v i hep tai Ha N d i v l thai dp cua ngudi dan ddi vdi hanh v i thai rac khong dung noi quy dinh cua ngudi khac, ke't qua la chi cd 12,2% so ngudi dan td thai dp nhac nhd, co tdi 55,1% khong to thai dp gi va 11,2% khong chu y gi den hanh v i vi pham Hp cho rang, day la trach nhiem cua cac co quan Q L N N v l moi trudng chu khong phai cua hp - Cong dong tham gia vdo hoat dpng BVMT mpt cdch bi dpng Qua khao sat thuc t i l n cho tha'y, n h i l u co quan Q L N N v l mdi trudng chua that su manh dan trao q u y l n cho cong ddng Kieu quan ly lam cho su tham gia cua cdng dong vao hoat ddng B V M T trd nen bi dpng, hp chu ye'u chi la luc lupng thuc hien cac quye't dinh quan ly dupe dua tir tren xudng D i l u dan deh chd cac quyet dinh quan ly khong sat thuc t i l n cudc sdng, ngudi dan trd nen thd o va thie'u trach nhiem giam sat viec thuc thi phap luat BVMT M p t sd nguyen nhan khac - Cong tdc tuyen truyen, gido due ve mdi trudng vd BVMT lam chua tdt Viec van ddng nhan dan tich cue tham gia BVMT, van ddng hp tu nguyen thay ddi nhirng thdi quen lac hau va hinh nhung thdi quen, nep sdng mdi than thien vdi m6i trudng chua dupe quan tam day dii Mdt sd ca'p uy, chinh quyen chua nhan thuc dung muc, diy dii tam quan cua cong 37 tac BVMT, cham ban hanh cac van ban huong dan va chi dao cong tac BVMT T u tuong nang ve kinh te, coi nhe van de B V M T van bien Cong tac giao due v l B V M T thdi gian qua chua lam cho hoc sinh va ca sinh vien hieu biet day du, sau sdc ve chii truong ciia Dang va chinh sach, phap luat ciia Nha nude v l BVMT Cac hoat dong B V M T nha truong tien hanh nang ve phong trao, hinh thuc, khong tri thuong xuyen, nang len y thuc BVMT Tat ca nhung dieu lam cho hieu luc va hieu qua Q L N N v l moi truong thap kem, khong dat dupe cac muc tieu d l - Ddu tit cho BVMT cdn rd't thdp Nhirng nam qua, danh muc chi ngan sach nha nude vdn chua cd muc chi rieng cho B V M T ma vdn ghi chung vao muc chi su nghiep khoa hoc, cong nghe va mdi trudng vdi muc chi rat thap: nam 2005 t i le la 0,98%; nam 2006: 0,82%; nam 2007: 1,9% va nam 2008 la 1,57% Viec sir dung nguon kinh phi rat dan trai, kem hieu qua, tham chi sai muc dich Viec phan bd, thuc hien ngudn chi d nhieu dia phuong chua cd su tham gia ciia co quan chuyen mon la Sd Tai nguyen va M o i trudng va chua cd su giam sat ciia H D N D cac cap Co che sir dung cac ngudn thu tir thue, phi B V M T , t i l n phat, vien trp O D A cho B V M T chua ro rang, thieu su dieu hoa, phdi hpp Viec k i quy B V M T thuc hien chua nghiem, thieu ddng bp Cho den nay, vdn chua hinh dupe nganh kinh te mdi trudng - Hoat dgng nghien cdu khoa hoc ITnh vuc moi trudng chua ducfc quan tdm dung muc thieu vd'n dau tu, thieu phuong tien, thiet bi nghien ciru Nha nude cung chua cd co che khuyen khich nghien cuu khoa hoc linh vuc V i the, cac san pham khoa hoc - cdng nghe de B V M T chua nhieu Don cir, de xir ly n h i l m m d i trudng triet de (theo Quye't dinh sd 64/2003/QD-TTg 22-4-2003 cua Thii tudng Chinh phii v l viec duydt Ke hoach xir ly triet d l cac co sd gay d n h i l m mdi trudng nghiem trong), nhieu doanh nghiep da khdng t i m dupe cong nghe xu ly phu hpp D i l u dd khien cho kha nang thuc thi cac quy dinh ciia Nha nude v l B V M T tha'pQ Tai lieu tham khao: Tap chi Tai nguyen va Moi trudng, ki 1, thang 2-2010 Tap chi Tai nguyen va Moi truong, ki thang 5-2010 tr.3 T A C DONG C U A DO THI H O A • • (Tiep theo trang 32) Bdn Id, stia ddi lgi quy dinh ve gid den bii ddt dai Ludt Ddt dai sira ddi nam 2003 va Nghi dinh so 17/2006/ND-CP 27-01-2006 ciia Chinh phu la budc tien de thuc hien xac dinh gia dat phii hpp vdi gia da't thi trudng, khdc phuc tinh trang "hai gia" Mat khac, co che, chinh sach gia d i n bii, hd trp tai dinh cu nen cd su dn dinh, tranh mdt du 38 an trai qua nhieu chu ddu t u va qua nhilu co che gia, d l d i l n nhuhg thdc mdc, khieu kien gay can trd qua trinh giai phdng mat bdng Dac biet, qua trinh xay dung quy hoach, nhdt la quy hoach chi tiet (thudng la cap xa, phudng), can phai thuc hi6n td't vide phan tich, danh gia cung nhu td chuc lay y kie'n ciia ngudi d&nQ Khieu kien ddt dai be bon, di ddu, ve ddu? VietBao.vn, 6-8-2006 TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NUdC - SO 183 (4-201 ... thuc thi cac quy dinh ciia Nha nude v l B V M T tha''pQ Tai lieu tham khao: Tap chi Tai nguyen va Moi trudng, ki 1, thang 2-2010 Tap chi Tai nguyen va Moi truong, ki thang 5-2010 tr.3 T A C DONG... dao tao ve nghiep vu quan l y m d i trudng So can bp co chuyen nganh dao tao phu hpp vdi v i tri cdng tac khdng nhieu T i le can bp tre tha''p, dpi ngu can bp chuyen gia, can bp gidi dupe dao tao... i trudng, cd tdi 33,9% so ngudi dupe hoi cho rang tai nguyen nude ciia Viet Nam la vP tan; 36,9% cho rang tai nguydn rung cua Viet Nam la vd tan; 27,5% cho rang chi nude mat mdi bi d nhilm nude