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Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tru&ng Dgi hgc Can Tho PhdnA Khoa bgc Tu nhien Cdng nghf vd Moi trudng 31 (2014) 99 105 Tap chf Khoa hpc Tru''''dng €)ai hoc Can Thtf website sj ctu edu vn TINH TOAN PHAT THAI M E T A N[.]
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tru&ng Dgi hgc Can Tho PhdnA: Khoa bgc Tu nhien Cdng nghf vd Moi trudng: 31 (20 Tap chf Khoa hpc Tru'dng €)ai hoc Can Thtf website: sj.ctu.edu.vn TINH T O A N P H A T T H A I M E - T A N TU* R A C THAI S I N H H O A T KHU V i r c N O l T H A N H P H O C A N T H O Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan', Le Hoang Viet Nguyen Xuan Hoang va Vii Thanh Trung ' Khoa Mdi trudng & Tdi nguyen Thien nhien Truang Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Thong tin chung: Ngdy nhan: 23/05/2013 Ngdy chdp nhgn: 2& 04/2014 Title: Estimation on CH4 emission fi-om domestic solid waste at inner area in Cantho city Ttr khda: Bai chdn lap rdc, phdt thdi CH4, rdc thdi sinh hogt, thdnh phd Cdn Tha Keyivords: Cantho city CHi emission, domestic solid waste ABSTRACT This study focuses on defining the CH4 emissionfromdomestic solid waste oflhe Can Tho city First the domestic solid waste from local households in Ninh Kieu and Binh Thuy, the municipal districts oflhe Can Tho city was collected and classified for their composition Based on the development planning oflhe Can Tho city up to 2020 and the expected GDP value ofl- xii ly chit thdi rdn hgp quy dinh (Sd Tii nguyin vi Mdi tnrdng thinh phd Cin Tho, 2009) md lugng ric thai phit sinfa chu ylu dugc cfadn 1^ tai bai ric Tdn Long ndm trin dia bdn tinfa Hdu Giang Vdi him lugng chit hiru co cao, qui trirUi phin hiiy yim kfai diln kfai cfadn lip ric cd thi tao mpt lugng ldn pfait tfaai CH4 - mdt loai cd ndng gdy hi|u iing nhi kinfa gap 23 Ian so vdi kfai CO2 (Forster et al., 2007) Do dd vile tinfa toin lugng phit tfaii CH4 tir ric tfaai sinfa hoat ciia tiidnh phd Cin Tho cd thi giiip cho nhiing ngudi Iam cdng tic qudn Iy chit thdi cd cdi nfain tdng quan vl tilm nang tfau hdi CHi va ngudn ndng lugng phdt sinh tir ric thdi Tgp cbi Khoa hgc Tntang Dgi bgc Cdn Tha Phan A: Khoa bgc Tv nhiin Cdng nghf vd Mdi trudng: 31 (2014): 99-105 PHUOfNG PHAP NGHIEN CUtJ 2.1 Pfauong phap dieu tra thyc te Tiln hinh khio sit thyc tl lugng phit sinh chat thdi sinh hogt khu vyc npi d thinh phd Cin Tho tgi 70 hg gia dinfa d quin Ninh Kilu (cic pfauong An Hda, Xudn Klidnfa, Hung Lgi, An Hdi, An Cu, Tdn An) vd 30 hp gia dinfa d qudn Binh Thdy (cdc phuong An Thdi, Binh Thiiy, Bui Hiiu Nghia), bao gdm fad gidu, kfai, trung binh nghlo Cac hp dugc chgn ngdu nhiin dya tfaeo sd Ii|u diiu fra ciia Cyc Thing ke thdnh phi Cin Tha nim 2010 vdi hg giiu, 75 hO khd, hd trung binh va hg ngheo kilometers Hinh 1: Bin hinh chinh tfaanh pfao Cdn Tho* (trai) va kfau vyc nghiin ciru (phai) Di nghi chu hO ghi nhdt ky thai rdc theo mdu da ldp vdi cac thdng tin vl tinh trang hg, thdi quen dd rdc va rdc tdi sii dyng, thdi quen mua sdm Song song tiin hdnh thu gom lugng rdc hdng ngiy frong tuin dl xic dinh tdng lugng rac thai Vdi tdng lugng rac thdi thu gom dugc tir tit ca cac hd gia dinh khao sat ciia timg qu|n, tiin hdnh phan logi tfadnfa phdn ciia rdc thdi, ddng thdi khdo sit thdnh phin cd thi tii che frong ddng thii 2.2 Phuvng phdp ddnfa gii, phan tich vd dy bdo Dya vio tdc dg gia ting dan so (co hpc vd di ddn) va lugng ric thdi binh quan hing (cd tinh din miic dp phit thdi cua cu ddn thi), dy bdo lugng rac phdt sinh din ndm 2020 Tir dd tinh toan lugng klii CHt thodt tii rdc thii sinh hoat tiieo cong tinic di nghi bdi IPCC (1995): CH4 = (WT X WF X MCF X DOC x DOCF x F X l6/12-R)x(i_oX) WT: Tdng lugng rdc phdt sinh (tin/ndm) WT: Phin fram lugng rdc dua din bai chon lip MCF: Gia fri mac dinh ciia tham si methane (0,6) DOC: Phin tram DOC frong rdc thii DOCF: Gid fri sai sd cua DOC (gii tri mdc dinh la 0,7) F: Phin trdm ciia CH4 bdi chon lip (gid fri m|c dinh la 0,5) R: Khi methane thu hii dugc (tin/ndm) OX: Ty 1^ oxy hda KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 3.1 Xac djnfa dong tfaai 3.1.1 Tdng lugng rdc thdi sinh hogt tgi hg gia dinh Ting lugng rdc sinh boat thai tir cic hp gia dinli liln tyc ra^t tuan tai hai qudn dugc khao sdt Hinh Lugng ric thai sinh hoat phdt sinh cd kfaii lugng Ion nhit vdo cuoi tuan, d^c biet vdo cfaii nfadt Giii thich cho vile niy cd thi li nhieu hd dan cd thdi quen di mua sam vio nhihig ngiy cudi tuin, dd hg mua nhilu hing hda vi thyc phdm dl lilu thy frong nhtrng ngiy niy Hon niia, sau di chg rapt sdfadgia dinfa ciing so chl thyc pfadra ciia hg va chudn bi thiic dn cfao nfaChig ngdy tuin, dd hdu nhu rac tfadi pfadt sinh vao cuoi tuin Ly thii hai Ii cdc thdnh vien frong gia dinh thudng d nha vio cuii tuan nin st lugng ngudi tdng len vd thara cfai so lugng biia in sl dugc tdng len dan din lugng rac thdi dugc thdi bd se tdng len Tgp chi Khoa hge Tnr&ng £>ai hgc Cdn Tho Phdn A: lOma hgc Tv nhien Cdng r ^ vd Mdi iruang: 31 (2014) 99-105 Hinfa : Khoi l u g n g r a c p h a t sinfa tfaeo t r o n g t u i n Cdng tdc tfau gora rdc tai cic fap ddn dugc khdo sit tien hdnh theo hai dgng: ^ ^ Ric tfadi bd: thu gom hing ngdy tir lugng rac chiifadbd di nu - r - i, u * - • i - Rae phe lieu: thu gora tfaeo tuan tu lugng rdc cfaii hp de lgi ban pfai ti|u Bdng tri trung loalv| rdc cua 100 hp STT1: Gia Thanh phanbinh kfai phan Son Lutnig rac thai bo Luvns r:ic phe lifu Rac hiiu ca kg/ngudi*ngay 0,342 Giay kg/nguai*ngay 0,010 0,024 Nhira cao su kg/nguoi'ngay 0,036 0,011 Kim loai kg/nguai*ngay 0,002 0,003 Thuy tinh kg/ngucri*ng^y 0,001 0,002 Vai soi (hang det) kg/ngu6i*ngay 0,004 Gach, da, sanh stjr kg/ngir6i*ngay 0,003 Rac doc hai kg/ngucri*ngay 0.001 10 Khac kg/ngudi*ngay 0,009 Mac dil, ngudi ddn di cd y thiic frong vile tfau Kit qud kfaio sat cfao tfaiy, da phin cdc hg ddn gora cdc tfaanfa pfaan rdc thdi cd the tdi cfae dl bdn cd y thiic tilt kiera, hp thu gom nhihig loai rdc thdi pfai lieu nhung van cdn radt phan ldn dugc thai bd cd tfal tii chl dl ban phi lieu Trong sd cdc hd theo ric thai sinh boat hing ngiy, frong dd giiy pfadng vin, cd 11%faggidu, 77%fapkhd, 100% hp chiem 29%, nfaya cao su cfaiem 77%, kim loai trung buih, 100% ho ngfaeo Id thu gora rdc tfadi de chiem 44%, thiiy tinh chiem 33% tdng khdi bdn phi lieu lugng dugc thdi bd Ddi vdi cac hp khdng thu gora ric thdi cd the tdi 1.2 Mirc quan tdm ciia ngirdi ddn vi rdc cfal ma thdi bd tfaeo rdc thai sinh hoat hdng ngdy cd thdi phi liiu 89%fadgidu va 23% hd kfaa Do kinfa ti ciia nfaihig fad ndy cd miic thu nhip cao nin hp cho rdng tiln De danfa gid thai ciia ngudi ddn vl cdc thinfa bin dugc tir nhihig ric thii phi lilu ciing Ididng phdn tii cfal nhu kim loai, giay, tfaiiy tinh, nfaya dugc bao nhieu md phdi mat thdi gian frong viec phat sinh tai cdc hd gia dinh, cacfa thiic hp din xii: pfain loai ly cdc logi rdc thai niy da dugc khdo sdt Kit qud diiu fra thyc ti cfao tfaiy, 81% hO ddn giii lai di ban 3.1.3 Kit qud phdn logi rdc ve chai, 19% se bd di cimg vdi ric tbdi sinh boat vi Hiln nay, Viet Nam cdfaudngddn ve phdn logi ragt so it gia dinfa se sii dyng lai nfaiing tiiinh phin cdc tfaanh pfadn cfadt thai rdn theo Nghi dinh nfain chai, lg bang nfaya dl lira vat dyng cfaira nudc 59/2007/NE)-CP 09/4/2007 vi qudn Iy chit uong frong gia dinfa faogc dimg vdo mpt sd vile tfaii rin va TCVN 6705:2009 vi pfain logi cfait tiiii riing khdc rdn thdng thuong Tfaeo do, chdt thdi rdn dugc phdn loai thdnfa 10 nhdm ca bdn nhu: rdc hihi co de pfadn - - Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tru&ng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha PhdnA- Khoa hgc Tu nhien Cong nghi vd Mdi trudng: 31 (2014) 99-105 huy gdm hai loai rdc thyc phara va rac vuon (cd Id cay-.) glay= nhya vd cao su, kim logi, thiiy tinh, vdi sgi (hing det), gach di , rac ddc hai, khac Tuy nhiin, frong bai vilt niy, rdc thdi sinh hoat dugc phin loai dinh hudng tfaeo hudng ddn tinh todn lugng carbon hiiu co cd the phdn hiiy ciia IPCC (1995) Kit qud thu gom vd phan loai ric thii ciia cdc hd din kfaio sdt Uen tuc frong mit tudn dugc kit qua nhu Bdng Kit qua thu tfaap vd phdn loai ric thyc tl tai cac hd ddn kfaao sat cfao tfaay thinh phin ric tfayc pfadm chilm ty II cao nhit vdi trin 80%, cdc phan c6 ndng tii chl (gidy, nfaya cao su, kim loai, thiiy tinh) chiim fren 12% frong dd tiidnh phdn Bdng 2: Kit qud phan lo^i phan rac thai sinh nhya cao su chii yiu li bgc nylon chilm ^ le cao nhdt vdi 8,8% So sdnh vdi kit qud phdn loai rae thai cua Trung tdm Quan trie Mdi trudng thdnh phi c i n Tho nam 2010 cfao thiy, rdc thai sinh boat cua hg gia dinh d dia bdn qugn Ninfa Kieu vd Binh Thuy klidng cd sy khdc biet, frii nhdm rac thyc phim Nguyin nhdn ciia sy khac bi|t frong lugng rdc thyc pham giira kit qud pfain IOEU thyc te va kit qud ciia Trung tara quan frac la Tnmg tara quan trie phan loai ddi vdi rdc tdng hgp tir nhieu ngudn thii khac nfaau nfau hp gia dinh, rdc cdng sd, cdng viin, rdc xay dyng, rdc dudng phd nghien ciiu chi tap frung vdo rdc thdi sinh hogt tgi cac hd gia dinfa Q Ninh Q Binh T r u n g ; binh Tham Kieu (%) Thiiy (%) h a i quSn k h a o * ( % ) 3,4 4,0 3,7 8,46 0 0,87 83,7 81,9 82,8 75,37 8,8 9,2 9,0 10,39 0,6 0,7 0,65 0,65 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,4 0,8 0,6 0,7 0,7 0,4 0,3 0,35 0,35 2,4 2,1 2,4 2,7 Thanh phan Giiy, carton, v i i Rac vuon, cong vien va cac; dang de phanihiiy R i c Ihvrc pham Cac dang huii c a khdc Kim loai Thily tinh Gach da, sanh su Rac dOc hai Kliac • gid tri iham khao tir kit qud phdn logi rdc thdi cua Trung tdm Quan Irdc Moi Iruang thanb phd Cdn Tha ndm 2010 3.2 D y bdo kfaoi l u g n g r a c sinfa boat d i n nam 2020 Mgt cich tong quit khdi lugng rac thai phat sinh tai mgt khu vyc dugc dy bdo dya frln phuong phap sau: Phuong phdp dy bio theo si dan vd ly 11 tang dan so Phucmg phip dy bao khii lugng thai dya tren so din dugc phyc vu Trong nghien ciiu niy, lugng rac thai tinh frln ddu ngudi chi xac dinfa riing cfao rac tgi hd gia dinh, cfaua tinfa den lupng phdt thdi frong thdi diim ngudi ddn ldm vile Vi vay, lugng phdt sinh chit thai rdn tgi phd Cin Tho din ndm 2020 dugc dy bio theo phuong phdp dy bao theo si ddn vd ty 11 tang din so 3.2.1 Du bdo su tdng ddn so qitgn Ninh Kieu vd Binh Thuy din ham 2020 Theo si lieu cung cip tir Cyc Thing kl phd Can Tho, ddn sd dy bio ciia qugn Ninh Kieu v i quan Binh Thity din nam 2020 nhu sau: Bang 3: Dy bdo din so cua quin Ninfa Kieu va Binfa Tfaiiy den nam 2020 STT g 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Ty le t a n g d a n s d h a n g n a m (%) 1,016 1,017 1,011 1,012 1,013 1,014 1,015 1,012 Ngudn: Cue thong ki ihdnh phi Cdn Tha, 2010 D a n s6 q u S n Ninh Ki^u 258.294 262.685 265.574 268.761 272.255 276.066 280.207 283.570 D a n so q u ^ n Binh T h u y 118.948 120.970 122.301 123.768 125.377 127.132 129.039 130.588 T o n g dan so hai q u a n 377.242 383.655 387.875 392.529 397.632 403.198 409.246 414.158 Tgp chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hgc Can Tho PhdnA: Khoa hgc Tv nhiin, Cdng nghf vd Mdi Iru&ng: 31 (2014): 99-105 3.2.2 Z V bdo khdi lugng chdt thdi rdn sinh hogt binh qudn ddu ngudi Trong tuong Iai, vipc dy bdo lugng ric binh qudn ciia mpt ngirdi thdi frong ngdy se dya vdo thu nhdp binfa quan fren diu ngudi ciia tfainfa pfad Can Tfao Vdi myc tiiu ting trudng kinfa t i - x a fagi ciia tfadnfa pfad da de (tfaeo Quyet dinfa sd 366/QD-TTg ngiy 20/3/2009 ciia Tfau tirdng Cfainfa phu) thi thu nhdp binfa qudn frln ddu ngudi se tdng va bing tfadnfa pfad Hd Chi Minh frong vii ndra tdi Vdi xu hudng phdt triln nhu vdy, tuong lai lugng rac thdi phil sinh ciia thdnfa phd Cin Tho se gidng vdi tfadnfa phi Hd Cfai Minfa Do dd, thdnfa pfad Hd Cfai Minh dugc chpn de so sdnh va tinfa todn du bdo lupng rdc binh qudn cua mpt ngudi thii frong ngdy ciia tfaanfa phi Cdn Tho cho tuong lai De an quy faoacfa phat triin kinh tl - xa hgi thinh phd Can Tho din ndm 2020 v i tim nhin 2030 ciia UBND tiidnh pfad Cin Tho di xuit rauc tiiu tdng trudng GDP hmfa quin hdng nim 16% giai doan 2011 - 2015, tang 15% giai dogn 2016 2020 vd 10,5% giai dogn 2021 - 2030 Kit qud dy bio thu nhap binh qudn diu ngudi d thdnh phd Can Tho din nam 2020 dya vdo dl an quy hoacfa nhu sau; Bdng 4: Dy bao thu nfaap binfa quin dau ngirdi d tfaanfa Can Thtf den nam 2020 Nim 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 T ^ dd tang GDP (%/nini) 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 15 G D P binh q n a n (USD/nsirofi*'nam'') 2.752 3.192 3.703 4.258 4.897 5.632 6.476 7.448 pfad Hd Chi Minh frong nim 2010 li 2.800 USD/ nim Vdi sy so sdnfa frln, pfauong pfadp tinh todn lugng rdc binh quin ciia mgt ngudi tfaii frong ngdy frong tuong Iai cua thanfa phd Cin Tho nhu sau: Trong ndm 2010 d thanfa pfad Hd Cfai Minfa tfau nfadp binfa qudn frln diu ngudi Id 2.800 USD vd lugng rac tiidi sinh hogt hmfa qudn 0,74 kg/ngudi*ngay' Theo Trung tdm Quan frde Mdi frudng thaitii phd cin Tho nam 2010 kfaii lugng rac tfadi sinh hoat binh quin la 0,68 kg/ngudi*ngiy"K Kit qud dy bao den nim 2013 thu nfaip binh quin uln diu ngudi cua tfadnfa phd Cdn Tha se dat 2.752 USD/nim tiic ndra sau sl gin bing vdi thu nhdp binh qudn cua thirtii phi Hd Chi Minh Vgy ndm sau, lugng rdc binh quan ciia mpt ngudi tfaii frong ngiy ciia tfadnh pfad Cdn Tfao se gdn bdng vdi tfaanfa pfad Hd Chi Minh Lugng rdc binfa quin ciia mpt ngudi thdi ciia thinfa phd Can Tho tdng binfa qudn I ndra Ii; (0,74 - 0,68)/3 = 0,02 kg/n^di*ngdy' Kit qud dy bdo kfadi lugng rdc cho thdy kfaii lugng ric thai hdng ndm cdng tdng lln cung vdi sy pfadt friln ciia xi hpi Do dd, ddi fadi pfaii cd cii nhin kfaic ve rdc tfadi vd sy quan tim dau tu diing miic cua cdc cip cfainh quyen Bang 5: Dy bdo lugng rac binfa quan ciia mgt ngudi tfaai mgt ciia hai qudn Ninh Kilu va Binh Thiiy den ndm 2020 Tocd^ GDP binh Klioi lugng r i c Nam fing G D P quan (USD/ binh quan (%/nam) iiguM*nam"') (kg/neir6i*neay"') 2013 16 2.752 0,49 2014 16 3.192 0,51 2015 16 3.703 0,53 2016 15 4.258 0,55 2017 15 4.897 0,57 2018 15 5.632 0,59 2019 15 6.476 0,61 2020 15 7.448 0,63 Qua kit qui dy bio frln cbo tfaiy tfau nfadp binfa quin tren diu ngudi ctia tfaanfa phd Cdn Tho den nim 2013 sl dat 2.752 USD/ndm vi gin tuong duong vdi thu nhip binh quan diu ngudi ciia tiiinh Bang 6: Du- bdo tdc dp phat sinh rdc thai sinfa boat hp gia dinh ciia hai quan Ninfa Kieu va Binh Thuy den ndm 2020 Toe dp phdt sinh rac Khoi lugng rac phdt sinh Khoi lugng rac phdt sinh Dan s Ndm (kg/nguoi/Qgay) Irong mfit (tan) mgt nam (tan) 377.242 0,49 67488,5 2013 184,9 383.655 0,51 71430,5 2014 195,7 387.875 0,53 75044,0 2015 205,6 392.529 0,55 78803,5 2016 215,9 397.632 0,57 82745,5 2017 226,7 403.198 0,59 86833,5 2018 237,9 409.246 0,61 91104,0 2019 249,6 414.158 0,63 95228,5 2020 260,9 Phan A: Khoa hgc Tv nhiin Cdng nghf vd Mdi tru&ng: 31 (2014): 99-105 Tgp chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hgc (2dn Tho thdi sinh hoat hiln Id 85% Chgn WF = 0,85 Gid sii mOt sd gii trj se khdng ddi tii cho din ndm 2020: WF = 85: lugng rac dua din bdi chdn lip (%) MCF = 60: gid trj ra§c djnh cua tham sd CH4 3.3 Tinh todn mirc dp giant phat thai kfai nha kinfa diiu kiln chdn lap rac thai sinh boat 6* thanfa pfao Can Thar 3.3.1 Lugng carbon hiru CO cd thi phdn huy (DOC) (%) Theo IPCC (1995) lugng carbon hiiu co cd tiii phdn hiiy dugc tinh theo cdng thiic: DOC = 13,99: lugng carbonfaiiuco cd tfai phin hiiy frong rdc thii (%) R = 0: CH4 thu fail dugc (tan/ndra) OX = 0; ty II oxy hda DOC = 0,4A + 0,17B + 0,15C + 0,01D frong dd A: % rdc dang giay, carton va vii Sy im lln toin cdu tiem nang cua CH4 (GWP) gdp 25 ldn so vdi CO2 frong tfadi gian 100 ndm (Forster et al., 2007) Ket qui tuifa toin lugng CH4 thoit tir ric thdi sinh hoat cua faai quan Ninh Kilu vd Binh Thiiy tir den nam 2020 v i kit qud quy ddi sang lugng pfadt thdi CO2 dugcfrinfabayfrongHinfa B: % ric vudn / cdng viin vd cdc dgng rdc dl phdnfaiiykfadc C: % rdc thyc phdm D: % rdc cdc dangfaiiuco khic Tir kit qui phin logi trung binh cic tfainfa pfain chit tfaii cua rdc thai sirtii hogt cimg vdi rdc tfaii phe lipu cua 100 hg din tfaii tai khu vuc ndi d thanfa phd Cin Tho, thay cdc gid trj thyc tl vao cdng thiie, kit qud tinh toin lugng carbon hOu co CO the phin hiiy frong rdc thdi sinh boat thdnh phd c i n Tho DOC =13,99% Bang 7: Bai chdn lip chit thai sinh hoat va gia tri tuong quan ciia tfaam so CH4 Logi bai chdn lap (SWDS) Cd qudn 1^ Khdng quan ly - siu (> 5m ric) Kfadng qudn ty nong (< 5ra rdc) Gia tri mile djnh ddi vdi bii ric khdng phdn loai 3.3.2 Tinh lugng CH4 thodt tit rdc thdi sinh hogt thdnh phd Cdn Tha Lugng CH4 cd thi thufaditinli todn dya frln tdng lugng rdc thii sinh boat dua vao bdi chdn ldp Ap dyng phuong phip USEPA's LANGEM (IPCC, 1995), gii tri tirong quan ciia tham sd CH4 ling vdi cdc loai bai chdn lap khdc dugc frinh bdy frong bdng Lugng CH4 thodt (tan/nSm) 0,8 0,4 0,6 Qud trinh xii ly rdc thdi tgo lugng phdt tfaii CH4 Id loai kfai cd khd ndng dra lln todn cdu Vd lugng phit thii tdng ti le thudn vdi lugng rdc thii cung gia ting hdng ndm Neu khdng cd bipn phdp tfaufadifaoicgidm tfailu pfait tfaii CH4 thi hiu qud ddi vdi moi trudng Ii rit Idn Do chat thdi sinfa hogt cua din cu phi Cin Tho dua den bdi chdn lap chua dugc phan loai, chgn gidfrjMCF = 0,6 Cdn cii vio sd Ii|u cung cdp tir Cdng \y Cdng frinh Dd thi phd Cdn Tfao, ty I| thu gom rdc 3500 - Gid trj tirong quan ciia tham s i CH^ (MCF) 1,0 nT r 100000 • 80000 111 2013 2014 2015 2016 • 60000 40000 20000 2017 Nam 2018 2019 2020 • Lircrng C02 tu'cng dipcng (t^n/nam) ^ Hinh 3: Lirgng CH4 tfaoat tir rac thai sinh boat ciia din cu hai quan Ninh Kieu vi Binh Thiiy vd lirgng COi tinmg duorng Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tru&ng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn A: Khoa hgc Tv nhien Cdng nghf vd Mdi Iru&ng: 31 (2014): 99-105 KET LU^N VA ©E XUAT 4.1 Kit luan Nghiin ciiu di xdc dinfa dugc kfaii lupng cfait tfaii rdn sinh hogt fap ddn cu frln dia ban hai qugn npi d (Nmh Kiiu vd Binfa Thuy) ciiatiidnhpfad Cdn Tho: tien fainfa pfain logi va xdc dinfa tfadnfa phdn ddng Uiai cua ric thdi sinh hoat ciia 100 hd ddn frln dia bin; ding thdi udc tinfa lugng CH4 tfaoit frong tnrdngfappcfadn lip rdc tfadi vdo bai cfadn lip nhu hi|n Khdi lugng rdc thii sinh hogt hd gia dinh kfau vyc ngi d tfaiitii pfad Cin Tfao nam 2013 Id 184,9 tdn/ngdy vd dy bdo din ndm 2020 Id 260,9 tdn/ngdy Kit qud dy bdo cho thiy khii lugng chdt thii rin binh qudn diu ngudi tdng len va sy gia ting din sd Iam cfao khoi lugng ric frong tuong lai tdng theo - Tfadnfa phan ciia rdc thdi sinh hogt da phdn la rdc tfayc pfaim chiim frln 80% vd cic thinfa phin cd kfad ndng tdi chl cfaiim frln 12% Lugng CH4 phit suih tii ric thii sinh hoatfaggia dinh nam 2013 d ndi d thanfa pfao Cin Tfao Id 2247,11 tin/ndm (ttrong duong 56177,76 tin COi/nam) din nim 2020 li 3170,75 tin/ndm (tuong ducmg 79268,68 tin COi/ndm) 4.2 ok xuit Thdng qua vile tinfa toin tai lugng kfai CHA phit sinfa tir rdc tfadi sinfa faogt cua cu ddn ngi d tfadnh Can Tho, viec dl xudt cdc giii phip de edt gidm hogc thu hoi l u ^ g ndy Id rdt cdn tiiilt Neu thinfa pfao Cdn Tfao diu tu cdng ngfae xii ly chit thdi sinfa faoat tfaeo mo Iiinfa ii pfadn compost cdc thdnh phdn faiiu co de pfadn faiiy, lugng CO2 quy ddi vdi kfadi lugng ldn nhu da trinh bdy sl kfadng cd dieu ki|n tiiii vao biu quyln Nhu viy, se edt gidm dugc lugng thdi gdy failu iing nhd kinh, ddng thdi cd thi bdn chiing cfai gidm phdt thai (CER - certified of emission reduction) cfao cdc tgp doin cdng ngfaipp tfaeo nghi dinh thu Kyoto hodc khuyin kfaicfa ap dyng chiing nhin CFP (carbon footprint) Dilu khdng nhiing mang y nghia ve mat mdi trudng rai cdn mang y ngfaia vl mit kinh tl (thufadinfaiet, tao ndng lugng, cdi tfailn chdt lugng kfai tfailn nfailn, sir dyng lam nfaien lieu cfagy dgng co ) vd tilt kiem tai nguyin TAI LIEU THAM KHAO BdKhoahgcCdngnghl, 2012 Quyit dinh 2935/QD-BKHCN ban hanh Tieu chuin Viet Nam 6705:2009 - Chit tiidi rin tiidng thudng Phdn loai Cyc Thing kl tiiinh pfad c i n Tho, 2010 Niin gidm thing kl thdnh phi Cin Tho 2009 UBNDtiidnhphd Cdn Tho Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Bemtsen, T., Betts, R., Fahey, D.W., Haywood, J., Lean, J., Lowe, D.C., Myhre, G., Nganga, J., Pruin, R., Raga, G., M S., Van Dorland, R, 2007 Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing In: S Solomon et al (Editors), Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis Confribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report oflhe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K IPCC - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1995 Greenhouse gas inventory reporting instruction Notebook and reference tables IPCC/OECD, Paris Sd Tai nguyin vd Mdi truong Cin Tho, 2009 Bdo cdo nam 2009 cdng tic quin ly bdo vl mdi trudng fren dja bantiianfapfad cin Tho UBNDtiianfapfai Cin Tfao Thii tudngChinhphii, 2012 Quyitdinfasi 366/QD-TTg ngdy 31/3/2012 ciia Thii tudng Chinh phu vl vile phe duyet Chuong frinh myc lilu Qudc gia nudc sach vd vl suih mdi trudngndngthon giai doan 2012-2015 Thu ttrdng Chinh phu, 2007 Ban hdnh Nghi dinh 59/2007/ND-CP ngiy 09/4/2007 vi qudn ly chit thii rin Trung tdm Quan frdc Mdi trudng thinh phd Can Tha, 2010 Kit qua quan frdc cfait tiiii rin thinh phd Can Tho 2010 UBND thinh phd Cin Tfao UBND phd cin Tfao, 2013 Quy hoacfa tdng tfal pfait friln kinh tl - xa hdi thdnfa phd Cin Tho din nam 2020, tim nfain din nam 2030 ... Tdng lugng rdc thdi sinh hogt tgi hg gia dinh Ting lugng rdc sinh boat thai tir cic hp gia dinli liln tyc ra^t tuan tai hai qudn dugc khao sdt Hinh Lugng ric thai sinh hoat phdt sinh cd kfaii lugng... Du- bdo tdc dp phat sinh rdc thai sinfa boat hp gia dinh ciia hai quan Ninfa Kieu va Binh Thuy den ndm 2020 Toe dp phdt sinh rac Khoi lugng rac phdt sinh Khoi lugng rac phdt sinh Dan s Ndm (kg/nguoi/Qgay)... 2020 Mgt cich tong quit khdi lugng rac thai phat sinh tai mgt khu vyc dugc dy bdo dya frln phuong phap sau: Phuong phdp dy bio theo si dan vd ly 11 tang dan so Phucmg phip dy bao khii lugng thai