No OS June 2018|Sd OS Thing 6 nam 2018!p 120 124 TAP CHi KHOA HQC DAI HQC TAN TRAO ISSN 2354 1431 http //tckh daihoctantrao edu vn/ Kha nang sir dung ngon ngfl cua tre 5 6 tu6i trong viec chuan bi vao[.]
No.OS J u n e 2018|Sd OS - Thing nam 2018!p 120-124 T A P CHi KHOA H Q C DAI H Q C T A N T R A O ISSN: - http://tckh.daihoctantrao.edu.vn/ Kha nang sir dung ngon ngfl- cua tre - tu6i viec chuan bi vao hoc I6*p fr trucmg tieu h9c VU Thi Kiiu Tranf "Trudng Dgi hpc Tdn Trdo Email: baotrangiikl^gmailcom T h d n g tin bki viet T o m tfit Ngdy nhdn bdt: 02/4/2018 Ngdy duyit dang: 12/6/2018 Nghien cttu 280 khfich thd gdm 110 tte miu giio 5-6 tudi, 40 giao vicn raam non; 110 php huynh v i 20 chuyfin gia frong luih vpc gifio dye mim non, tiiuOc frudng mim non frfin dja bfin Tinh TuySn Quang cho tiily, kha ning stt dung ngdn ngft cfia tre 5-6 tudi ttong vific chuan bj vio hpc ldp d brudng Tidu hpc dat trung binh Trong dd, bieu hifin khfi ning stt dpng ldi ndi de giao tidp dat mttc dd cao nhit; khfi nang nghe, hidu ldi ndi giao tidp d vj fri flitt hai v i nang hidu bidt ban diu vd viec doe, viet cd mfic dp thip nhit Kdt qufi phfin anh dung thpc tifin khfi ning ctta frfi em dfi tudi niy v i tic dpng cfia gifio due cung nhu vai frd ctta gia duih frong viec phit trien ngdn ngft cbo frfi Khd ndng ngdn ngu, ehuan b{ vdo hpc lap 1 S i t van de Trfi em ndi chung v i tte - tudi ndi rifing Ifi mdt phan frong nhdm x§ hpi ydu thd Trfi non ndt vd thd ehit, ydu dudi vd bnh thin vfi dfi dfing gip phii nhihig khd khin frd ngai nhthig nguy hidm frong cufic sdng Chinh vi vfiy, vific frfi 5-6 tudi cd thd vupt qua nhttng khd khin, sv ydu thd ctta bin tiifin dd hda nhfip, tdn tai v i phit trien frong mdi ttudng x i hpi li mpt dieu hdt sttc quan frong, Trfi 5-6 tuoi tien vio budc ngoit quan frpng cfia cupc ddi, lfi vific tre chuydn ttt trudng mira non sang hpc tfip d hudng Tidu hpc Giai doan niy danh dlu qufi frinh chuydn qua mpt ldi sdng mdi vdi nhthig hoat ddng radi, VI tri xa bdi radi, moi quan hfi mdi cua mpt ngudi hpc smh thuc thy Dong nghia vdi dd, trfi chuydn sang hogt dpng chfi dgo mdi dd li hogt dpng hpc tgp tiiay thd cho hogt ddng vui choi d trudng mim non Gifip frfi cd dupc rapt tfim thd sin sfing, rafit hfinh ttang day dtt ve mit kien flific de cd flie hofi nhgp nhanh nhat vdi hanh ttinh mdi niy cin ddn su chuin bj cdng phu vfi ty ray cfia ngudi Idn Chttih vi dieu niy, ttt nim hpc 20122013, Bp giio due vfi dio tao dfi flipc bifin chuang ttinh 120 phd cip giio due cho tre mim non tudi vdi muc dich tgo nhihig didu kifin tdi uu nhat de chuin bj cbo tte tittch ttng vdi cac hogt dpng hpc tfip d trudng Tieu hpc bao gdm npi dung ca bfin dd Ifi: hogt ddng phfit tnen the chit, hogt dfing phit tridn nhin thttc, hoat d^ing phat ttidn ngfin ngft hoat dpng phit fridn tinh cam vi quan hfi xa hdi [6] Trong dd hoat ddng phit bidn ngdn ngfl cho tre nhgn duoc rat nhidu su quan tim cfia phu huynh v i giio vien mira non Nhttng bidu hifin vd ning sfi dung ngdn ngft cfia tre 5-6 tudi bao gdm kha nfing nghe hidu ldi noi, nang stt dpng Idi ndi dd giao tidp; hidu biel ban dau vd vific dpc, vidt, Dfiy lfi nhfhig khfi ning rit cin thidt v i li tidn dd quan frpng dd chuin bj cho ttfi vio hpc Idp d trudng Tidu hpc Kliach the va phwffng p h i p nghien cihi 2.1 Khdch thi nghiin cuu Tdng sd khadi tiid khao sit 280 ngudi, Trong dd 110 fri raau giio - tiidi (55 frfi nam 55 ttfi nft) 110 phfi huynh (cfia 110 trd - tiidi dupc Iva chpn), 40 giao vifin mam non day ldp mau gifio - tiidi vfi 20 chuyen gia lmh vuc gifio due mim non tiiudc r:r,j;:,rrang/No 08June 2018|p 120-124 frUOTig mam non tai dja bfin Thinh phd Tuyfin Quang nghien curu, tre dupc phin vd mttc dp tiiich ttng: mttc dp cao, rattc dp trung binh v i mttc dp thip Phin mem vfi huyfin Chifim Hoi tinh Tuyfin Quang, SPSS 20.0 dupc stt dpng de xtt ly kdt qua nghifin cttu 2.2 Phuang phdp nghien cuu Phuang phip nghifin cttu: chfi ydu lfi phuong phip nghifin cfiu tii lifiu, didu fra bang bfing hdi, phuong phip quan sit phdng vin siu, tiidng ke toin hpc, Thang dua vfio tdng didm (TD) cfia raoi fre, didm ttung bmh (BTB) vfi dd Ifich chuin (Ett-C) ctta mlu Ket qua nghien ciiu Kdt qua nghien cttu cho fliay ngdn ngft cfia tre 5-6 tudi cd su tuang ddng gifta cac khfi nfing' nghe hieu ldi ndi; stt dung ldi ndi dd giao tiep; hidu bidt ban dau ve vific dpc viet Bang Bieu hi^n kha nang su dung ngon ngir ciia tre - tudi " ' KeL^u^danh gia Ho^t d$llg " , ^ ^ BTB BLC M u e At} Thii-b^c Kha n ^ g nghe, hieu lot noi giao t i ^ 3,34 0,73 TB Khd ning sii dyng lcri noi de giao tiep 3,44 0.54 TB Hieu biet ban dau ve viec doc, viet 2,84 0,72 TB Biem t m n g binh chung 3,21 0.55 TB Ghi chu: Tkdp: 1.0-2.61; Trung bink: 2.62-4.06; Cao: 4.07-5,0 Vdi DTB chung = 3,21 va DLC 0,55 cho thiy bidu hifin khfi nfing sfi dung ngdn ngtt ctta frfi 5-6 tudi d 3.1 Biiu hi$n & khd ndng nghe, hiiu ldi ndi giao Hep mttc trung bhih Trong ba nang stt dung ngdn ngtt Trfi 5-6 tudi, dfi bidt stt dung tidng me de mpt cich ctta tte thi ning bidu bidt ban dau vd vific doc vidt thinh thao frong sinh hoat hing ngiy [2] Dieu niy ban che ban hai nang cdn lat Kha ning nghe hieu dupc thd hifin thdng qua ngdn ngtt mgch lgc cfia tre Idi ndi frong giao tiep v i kbi ning stt dpng ldi ndi de Mdt frong nhftng bidu hifin cfia ngdn ngft mach lac dd giao tiep ed mttc dp tuong ddng Tuy vgy, mttc chinh li khfi ning nghe hieu Idi ndi frong giao tiep dp chfinh Ifich gifta cfic nang nfiy khdng dang ke Vific nghe, hidu ldi ndi la fre nghe va hidu cfic ttt, cum Chttng ta cd thd xem xfit bidu hifin cp flid ctta cfic khfi tfi khii quit, hidu ndi dung cfia bi ngft thdng qua cac tic phira vin hpc, cao hon nfta lfi fre phii hidu dupc nfing niy sic tbii bidu cfim cfia ldi ndi giao tiep Bang Bieu hien kha nang nghe, hieu ldi ndi giao tiep cua tre S-6 tuoi ' Ketqua BTB BLC Mitc Nh|n diroc sic thai bieu cdm ciia \6i noi klii vui, bu6n, tijrc, gian, ngae nhien, sp hai 3,45 0,84 TB Nghe hi^u va thuc hien duoc cac chi dSn Ii6n quan den 2, hanh d$ng 3,23 1,00 TB Hi^u nghia mpt so tir khai quat chi s\r v5t, luen tupng don gian gan giii nhu: nhom gia cam, nhom dung hoc t§p 3.29 0,92 TB 4, Nghe hieu nOi dung cau chuydn, tho, dong dao, ca dao danh cho liia tu6i ciia tre 3,39 0,88 TB Biem trung binh chung 3,34 0,73 TB RiMi hi^n Ghi cku: Thdp: 1,0-2,61; Trung binh: 2.62-4.06; Cao: 4,07-5,0 Kdt qui khio sit tai bing cho thiy, sd nhftng bidu hifin kha ning nghe, hidu ldi ndi frong giao tiep thi khfi nfing nhdn duge sdc that biiu cdm cua lai not kki vui, budn, tiic, gign, ngae nhiin r.r.#:.7rang/No.08June2018|p.l20-I24 sg hdi dgt mttc dfi cao nhit (DTB: 3,45) Nhu vfiy, fre khdng nhflng nghe, hidu ldi ndi mi cdn cd thd nhin sic thii bidu cfira cfia ldi ndi, Dieu cho thay kinh nghifira ctta tre frong giao tidp bfing ngdn ngft da dat d rapt trinh dp nhlt djnh Tuy nhien, vific nghe kieu vd ihifc htfn duge cdc cki ddn lien quan din 2, kdnh dgng lai d mfic dd thip nhit (DTB 3,23; DLC: 1,00) Kdt qufi phfin inh thvc tifin' cho du tre 5-6 tudi dfi cd su phit fridn ve tri nhd v i chfi y ed chtt djnh nhung fre vfin bj hgn chd thvc hifin nhthig nhifim vu kem su "thfi vj" Ket qui nfiy eung the hifin su chfinh Ifich tuang ddi cao gifta c i c fre (DLC; 1,00), cho thay sv mat tfip trung, ghi nhd khdng dn dinh chi xfiy d mdt sd fre v i cd sv chfinh lech vdi nhfhig tre cdn lgi J.Z Bieu bi$B d kba nang sir dgng ldi noi de giao tiep Trong nhftng bieu hifin khfi nang stt dung ngdn ngtt thi khd ndng sit dyng ldi ndi di giaa liep cd mttc dp cao nhit (DTB: 3,44) Didu niy chttng td su phfit fridn ngdn ngft ctta frfi diln theo dfing quy lufit phit fridn Itta tudi Ddi vdi tre rain giio sp phit fridn ngdn ngft dat tdc dd nhanh, ddn 5-6 tudi trfi nim dupc ngft im, ngft difiu, phfit tiidn ngft phfip vfi ngdn ngft mgch lac [2], D$c bifit, vdi vdn ttt phong phtt, biet stt dung cic kidu ngdn ngft khfic khidn cho vific nghe hidu ldi ndi, stt dung ldi ndi vfi thuc hifin nhihig quy tic tiidng thudng frong giao hep trd nfin d i ding hem, Kdt qua bieu bifin khfi stt dpng Idi ndi dd giao tidp cfia tre 5-6 tudi duac dinh gii d mttc trung binh Didu niy chfing td tre d i budc dau cd vdn ttt phong phtt, cd ning nira bit dupc ca elu ngft phip vfi cich diln dgt ngdn ngft Trong bidu hifin vific sit dyng ldi ndi de bdy td cdm xuc, nhu cau, ^ nghi vd kink ngkifm cua bdn than dat rattc dfi cao nhlt (DTB 3.60) Bang Bieu hi$n kha sir dung Idi noi dk giao tiep cua tre S-6 tudi • Ket qua Bieu hi|n BTB BLC Min d« Noi ndng r5 rang, mach lac 3,41 0,88 TB Biet silr dung cac loai cau khac tiong giao tiep nhu cau hoi, cau cam than 3,45 76 TB Sii dung 16i n6i de bay to cam xiic, nhu can, y nghi va kinh nghiem ciia ban thSnnhu: thich ban Mai, conmu6n dichoi, biet each Um 3,60 0,71 TB Sii dung len noi dS trao doi va chi din ban be boat dong 3,45 0,81 TB Ke lai dupc npi dung chuyen d3 nghe theo trinh tu nhat dinh 3,28 0,91 TB Biet each khpi xupng cupc tro chuydn 3,45 0.77 TB Biet dieu chinh gipng noi phil hpp vdi tinh hu6ng va nhu cau giao ti^p 3,44 0,84 TB 3,44 0,54 TB Biem trung binh chung Gki cku: Thdp: 1.0-2.61; Trung binh: 2,62-4,06; Cao: 4,07-5,0 Qua thuc te frao ddi frd chuyfin vdi fre cfing nhfin dlu vd vific dpc, viet cd mttc dp tblp nhit (DTB' 2,84) fliiy cd nhieu frfi tu tin, bdn nhifin "biy td" tinh cira, va cd su phan logi rd rfit ban eac bidu hifin khic suy nghT cfia minh vfi rit mgnh dgn hdi chuyfin cac Trong bidu hifin dupc dd cfip flii cd bieu hifin d nghifim vifin Diy lfi mdt frong nhflng didu kifin quan mttc dp fliip, cdn lai d mttc dO bung buih Ding chfi y frpng gifip ttfi hpc tgp tdt ban vio ldp I la cd tdi bidu hifin cd DLC cao tt^n 1,00, dieu 3.3 Bieu kifn dkhd ndng hiiu biil ban ddu vi vifc dgc viet chttng td cd dp chfinh Ifich Idn gifta timg tt^ vdi Trong cac bidu hifin nang stt dpng ngdn ngft ctta tte - bidi flii bieu hifin kha ning hidu bidt ban frong vific chuin bj dpc, vidt rrA:.rrang/No,08June2018|p 120-124 Bang Bieu hien kha nang bieu biet ban dau ve vi|c dpc, viet cua tre - tudi BTB Ket quii Biluhiln ' BLC Mue dp • "Dpc" theo truyen tranh da biet 2.88 1.14 TB Ke chuyfin theo tranh 2,81 0.98 TB Biet chit viet co th^ doc v i thay cho loi npi 2,45 1,14 TB Bi^t diuig cac ky hifiu ho^c hinh vg de the hien cim xiic, nhu cau, y nghi v i kinh nghifim ciia bin thin 2,25 1,12 Bit chucrc hinh vi viet v i chep tii, cha cii 2.86 1,00 TB Bi^t tir "vi^t" tfin ciia bin thin minh theo cich ciia rifing minh 2.49 1,24 TB Biet "viet" chft theo thii ttr tir trii qua phai, tir trfin xuong duoi 3.42 0,90 TB Nban dang dupc chii cii bang chtt cai tieng Viet 3,56 0,65 Cap 2,84 0,72 TB Biem trung hinh chung TB Gki chu: Thdp: 1.0-2.61; Tntng binh: 2.62-4,06; Cao: 4,07-5.0 Cd rapt thvc te phin inh rit rd net frong kdt qui nghifin cfiu dd Ifi vific tre ed the nhgn dgng dugc chU cdi Irong bdng cku cdi tieng Viet Ifi bieu hifin cd mttc dp cao nhit (DTB, 3,56), Kdt qua niy cd dupc xuat phit ttt quan didra fre phii bidt chft, biet so ttudc vfio Idp nfin rapi sp nd luc ctta gia dinh, nha trudng va b i n thin dtta fre duoc tip trung de giii quydt nhifim vp niy Trd chuyfin vdi phu huynh chfing tdi nhfin thay, cd den 90% cho ring viec bidt chft lfi can thidt trudc vfio Idp Cho nen cd nhidu phu huynh dfi cho di hpc trudc de chuan bj cho tu tin v i vftng ving hon cho giai dogn tiep flieo Cdn ddi vdi gifio vifin raim non thi coi diy nhu "ap luc", li mpt nhiem vu quan trpng nhlt frong cdng vific day tre Itta tudi nfiy Bfin cgnh dd viec dgy Ire biit "viet" ckH ikeo thii tu tit trdi qua pkdi lit Iren xudng dudi ciing dupc ren riia tirong doi kJ fftTB' 3.42), Mfic du theo quy dmh tbi tre chua phfii tgp td, Viet, nhung hau nhu fre vfin dupc cha m? hofic cd nai Ii c i cd giio hudng dan tip vidt, tip td theo nfit chira md, Trong dd hing logt nhihig bidu hifin can thidt khfic nhu, cd tke "dgc" ikeo truyfn trank dd biet; biet dung cdc k^ kifu hogc hinh vi di thi kifn edm xue nku cdu y nght vd hnh nghifm cua bdn thdn; biet tif "viet" ten eua bdn thdn minh theo each cda riing minh thi fre lai cd kdt qui flilp han va cd d0 chfinh ifich cao gifta tttng frfi vdi vi fre it dupc quan tim budng din ban Ket luan Nhu vfiy, ning stt dung ngdn ngft cfia frfi S-6 tudi chi dat mttc dfi trung binh, nhung di phfin finh dfing thuc tien ning cfia frfi era tudi v i tie ddng ctta giio due cttng nhu vai trd cfia gta dinh vific phat trien ngdn ngft cho fre Ket qui fren cung phtt hpp vdi ket qufi didu fra ttt gifio vifin raam non; cd 50% giio vien mira non cho ring fre cd khfi nfing nghe hidu ldi ndi frong giao tiep dat mttc dd cao; 55% cho ring fre cd ning cao vific stt dung ldi ndi frong giao tidp, frong dd chi cd 37,5% cho ring frfi cd mttc dd tdt ban d khfi nfing hidu biet ban diu vd dpc, vidt, Trong cac bidu hifin ndi dung chuan bl cho frfi - tudi vao ldp d trudng Tieu hpc flii vific chuin bi vd khfi ning stt dung ngdn ngft cd nhthig ddi hdi khd hon, cfic npi dung bidu hifin gin vdi hoat dOng d trudng Tidu hpc nhit Do dd, vific cdn ed fre ban chd d ITnh vuc niy li dieu bidn nhien Vific hidu rd nguyen nhfin, tim hudng khic phuc dd fre cd khfi ning stt dpng ngdn ngtt tdt ban v i phfi hop vdi fre bon frong cic hogt dfing chuin bi den trudng Tidu hpc la vific lfim cin thidt v i cd y nghTa Ddi vdi fre mfiu giio su phit tridn ngdn ngtt dat tdc dd nhanh, den 5-6 tudi fre nira dupc ngft fira, ngft dieu phfit tndn ngtt phip v i ngdn ngft mgch lgc [2] Die bifit, vdi vdn ti^ phong phfi, biet stt dung cfic kidu 123 r.r.A:.rmng/No.08June2018|p.l20-124 ngdn ngft khic khidn cho vific nghe hidu ldi ndi, stt dung ldi ndi vfi thuc hien nhttng quy tic flidng diudng frong giao tidp frd nen de dfing ban frfi budc vio hpc Idp d trudng Tidu hpc 5, Dinh Hdng Tbii (2013), Gido Irinhphdt trien ngon ngU tudi mdm non, Nxb Dgi hpc Su pham, H i Npi; 6, Thdng tir sd 23/2010/TT-BGDDT ngfiy 23/7/2010 cfia Bd trudng Bp Giao due v i Dio tgo ve vific ban hfinh quy djnh ve bp chuin phat ttidn tre em TAI LIEU THAM KHAO tudi; Phgm Thi Dfic (1991), Chudn bi tdm ly cho tre nhirng gi cho tre vdo ldp mpi, Nxb tdng hqrp Thfinh 7, Trln Thj Ngoc Trfic (2008), Cdn chudn bf vdo ldp 1, Tgp chi nghien cttu giio due, sd fliing 12, Duong Thi Difiu Hoa (chtt bien) (2012), Gido trinh Tdm ly hgc pkdt tnen, Nxb Dgi hpc Su phgra, Hfi Npi; Vu Thi Nho (1998), Mot sd dgc diim vi su thick nghi vdi hogt d^ng hpc tap cua hpc sinh dau bgc tiiu hoc Tap chi Tim ly hpc sd 5, fr 28-34; Nguyin Anh Tuydt (chtt bifin) (1999), Chudn bi cho Ire tuoi vdo irttdng pko thdng, Nxb Giio due, H i Ndi; 9, Nguyfin Anh Tuydt (chfi bifin) (2014), Tdm l^i hpc Ire em lua tudi mdm non, Nxb Dai hpc Su phgm Quydt dinh 239/QD-TTG cfia Thtt tudng Chinh phtt ngfiy 09/02/2010, Q^tdinhpf^di^l phd Ho Chi Minb; H i Npi, didn Phd e^ ^do c^c mdm non cko Ire ludi giai dogn 2010-2015; The ability of using language of 5-6 years old children in the preparation of enrolling grade at primary schools Vu Thi Kieu Trang Article info Abstract Recieved: 02/4/2018 Accepted: 12/6/2018 The reseach was conducted on 280 participants including* 110 preschoolers aged 5-6 years old, 40 pre-school teachers who are teaching kindergarten; 110 parents and 20 experts in the field of kindergarten education The research earned out a survey in preschools in Tuyfin Quang provmce The results of study showed that The ability to use language of children aged 56 years old in the preparation of enrolling grade at primary school was at average level In addition, expression of ability to use language to communicate was at the fist level; listening ability and understandability in communication was at flie second level and being acquainted with reading, writing was at the third level The results reflected flie real abilty of children at this age It also showed the impact of education and the role of family on developuig children laguage Keywords: Abilly; Language; Prepanng activities to grade ... 3,44 0 .54 TB Hieu biet ban dau ve viec doc, viet 2,84 0,72 TB Biem t m n g binh chung 3, 21 0 .55 TB Ghi chu: Tkdp: 1. 0-2 . 61 ; Trung bink: 2 .62 -4. 06; Cao: 4.07 -5, 0 Vdi DTB chung = 3, 21 va DLC 0 ,55 cho... dupc chii cii bang chtt cai tieng Viet 3 , 56 0, 65 Cap 2,84 0,72 TB Biem trung hinh chung TB Gki chu: Thdp: 1. 0-2 . 61 ; Tntng binh: 2 .62 -4, 06; Cao: 4,07 -5. 0 Cd rapt thvc te phin inh rit rd net frong... Recieved: 02/4/2 018 Accepted: 12 /6/ 2 018 The reseach was conducted on 280 participants including* 11 0 preschoolers aged 5- 6 years old, 40 pre-school teachers who are teaching kindergarten; 11 0 parents