32JLL S6 7 2016 J THlfC TRANG XAY DlfNG MOI TRUOfNG PHAT HUY TfNHTfCHCUCCUATREB BTUOl TRONG HOAT DONG VUI CHOI ft TRUOING MAM NON ;v/ry NGUYINNGQCQU^ Khoa Su pham Mira non, Truong Dai hoc Ife Long, Qu[.]
S6 7-2016 J 32JLL THlfC TRANG XAY DlfNG MOI TRUOfNG PHAT HUY TfNHTfCHCUCCUATREB-BTUOl TRONG HOAT DONG VUI CHOIftTRUOING MAM NON ;v/ry NGUYINNGQCQU^ Khoa Su pham M i r a non, Truong Dai hoc Ife Long, Quing Ninh I MO DAU Tinh tidi cyc la mpt yeu to quan trpng qua binb lunh tiianh vl [ ^ trien nhan each toan d i ^ cua tri Tinh tfch cyc II mpt yeu to quan tn^g phim chit tim 1^ ciia c l nhln, a l 11 dilu I d ^ giup d nhan gili quyet nhiem vudStm tiong hoat dpng ciia nunh Phlt buy tuih tich cyc cho tre mam oon hidn lAigc cac nhi gHo due quan tim vidit Q&i v) bi quan trpng hlng diu troog myc tilu chSm soc v l giao dye tie Nhiem vu phlt huy tu^ tich cyc cua bie dupc fliyc hien tiling qua rihieu phuong ti|n giao dye khac co ho^t dpng vui choi Tinh tieh cyc ciia tre Idii choi ph^tiiupcvio nhieu ylu to cd moi tnrong choi Nhd cd moi trucmg choi, tre c6 nhieu CO bpi &ra nhihig ytirongv l tiiyc hiln cic y tiidng choi cua minb Viec td dmc cho til dupc h o ^ dpng, trai n ^ | m , kham pha ttong moi tnr6ng choi da d^g, hip din, phong phii s€ tao dilu ki|n thiic day sy chii dpng, c5 ^ n g , no lyc het rmnh ciia tre choi ri Ndi DUNG Khii niem moi frudng choi Moi tnrcmg choi co vai tro vd ding quan trpng phat huy tinh ti'ch cyc ciia tre X ^ dyng moi ttuong hip din, dqi n ^ se loi cu&i su chu y cuattedinttochoi, giup tre CO thai dp tich cue doi vdittoehoi, hiing till tiong qui trinh choi Moi trucmg choi hip din se kich fliich, tao dpng co cho b l boat dpng, tic dpng vao hungfliiiciia til kbiea tri hio hiingtiiamgia vaottochoi, choi bit minh vl dat dupc kit qui nhu mong dpi - Moi tnr&ng vat chat Moi tmdng vat ch^ cd vai tto quan bpng tiung ho^t dpng vui choi ciia tre Cac choi, nguyin vat li|u khong gian choi co anh duong manh ml din qua tiinh choi ciia tti D6 choi d?p mit, clch bli til se tiiu hiit til hoat dpng mpt each tfch cyc Ve khong gian choi: Nlu khong gian go bo, ch|t hep tiii tte se khong phat huy dupc y tirong ciia minh, sy sang tao iihiingtiochoi hay npi dung choi mdi cung se bj han chl Dieu nly lam gilm hiing flui choi cua tri Vi vay, d itied^t dupc sy khoai cam,tiiichfliii,ho?t ddng lfch cyc het minh ttoog qua trinh choi tiii doi hoi khong gian phai rpng rai, hai hoa, tao dupc su h ^ din tiiic diy dira tre choi mpt eachti'chcyc Ve d i dung, choi, nguyen vat lieu: Tre de bi loi cu6n vao cac d l diing choi I9 mit, hip dan, mlu sac, d c h bai tn va hinh dang d^p me do'^'SfiSTTlttrhSrrdaiL mau McTcafch HSi tn va Hmti fiatm neo.- Su da dang jdiong phu v l sip xip dd cboi dieo hiring md sekidi tiiich dira til boat t^ng mpt each tich cyc hon, til n^^ sioh nfaiSuy biDog choi mdi ml, sang tao hon v i tiioi gian cboi: phyfliupcv ^ tiiu v l opt dui^ choi cm tre Khi cdn hungtiilitre se sue till hi|n niinh v l chcri bet ndrdi, vly didi gian choi coo keo dai niu til vln ccm hiing tini vltidicyc choi, ogupc laitiicrigian cboi sl kit tiiuc n ^ til khnig cdo bung dui vdi tro dioi nua Niu tie hit hiing tiiii matiwigian dun tro choi ran c ^ keo daittesl cboi mpt c ^ tiiy dpng, m i ^ cuong Do v^, i ^ vile di^ tri sy hiiog thu cua b l sufit qua trioh ( ^ tiu gilo vien d n quan tam den thdi gian choi ciia tte Tre s€ tiiii hon kfai co du tiioi gian dl Ihyc hieo y tiidog cboi ciia mmh -Moi tnrtmg tam ly Tr^ng dial cua tie tioog qua trinh tham ^ hoat d ^ se tac d$Qg manh me len kit qui boat dpng cua chiing Tre cd tam ttang tit, ticfa cyc, vui ve, tiiich tiili till se ^ g cuong dupc sdc manh, nghj 1^ cua til boat dong, lam ^ dnh tich cue d til va oguoc lpi i»i ti^g tiiai ciia tre buon phien, li rii, sp hai se giam tfnhtichcue ho^ dpng cua be Khittedupc choi tiong bau khong tarn ly vui ve, tholi mai, tifi: dupc ty lya chpo vai choi, goc choi, ty d i xuit y tucmg cboi va d^B' hi|n ytirdngdo mpt d c h tytin,ebii dpngtiutie setichcyc bon trra% qua binh choi Tre rattiiichkhi y tudng ciia ininh dupctiiuchiea M3 khic mdi ttuong choi vui ve, thoai mai sl giiip cho quan h§ d a b ! vdi cac ban dtipc ^ ket Tre sS ciiog tiilo luan, hpp tac, chia se,hol tiiu|n, tiiong nhat ;>^ tiidng, cung tim kilm phuong tiendeti^B hi|n y tudng choi va cimg tham giati'chcue vao d c hjat dgng chung ciia nhom Thuc trang xay dung moi trudog phlt huy tinb tich OK dt tri 5-6 tuoi hoat dpng vui choi De nimlHi dupctiiucti?ngviec xay dyng moi truong phathuy tMi ti'ch eye aia tre hoEtt dOng vui choi tnrcmg mam non chui^ tBi diing philu hoi ket hpp vdi phuong p b ^ tid chuyai, jriiuongiih^ quan s ^ khao sit tien 50 giao vien mim non tai mpt so biroDg isaiii nontimnhpho Uong Bi, tinh Quang Ninh ve cac van d i sau: ^s Thi nhdt: Anh/chi thudng sie dung bien phqjj^ dung mdi tni^, chai ndo dudi ddy nhdm phdt huy tinh tkh cue cua tre mduffOiH tuoi hoat dgng vui chai vd muc dg sie iimg cdc bi^n^ •Sii, h Dgl/vttHpC $67-2016 TT ^m 33 Muc Bien phdp Tao khong gian chcfi moi la Tan dun^cac nguyen vat lieu thien nhien c6 san ddia phuong de lam choi, vat lieu choi cho tre Thiet ke, bo tri, sap xep dung, choi, nguyen vat lieu da dang, phong phii du^di dang md d cac goc, cac khu vuc chai Cho tre tir lam choi, tim kiem vat lieu choi Dpng viea, khich le y tudng choi cua tre Tao tinh huong choi mdi Thuoug xuveii SL 20 40 25 50 Thinh ihuiHlg % SL 28 20 56 40 % Khong brto aid SL 10 % 30 60 15 30 10 30 33 25 60 66 50 15 15 15 30 30 30 10 10 20 Kit qua khio sit thiic tr?ng cho thly elc bi|n phlp dUa canh dd vi|c khong bao gid siJt dyng cac bi|n phlp trln van c6 Die bi|t 11 bi|n phlp tao tinh hudng choi mdi c6 din Mde d$ siJl dung thiidng xuyen cle biln phap 11 tuong d6i 20% gilo viln iMa chpn khlng bao gid sd dung, ddng diu (bi|n phap den bi|n phlp sft dyng thUdng T/H^ haj Khi xSy dyng moi tnidng phit huy tinh tfch cdc cua xuyen tree 50%, cdn biln phlp mde dp sfl dyng thiidng tre HDVC anh/chi diUdng g|p nhiing khd khan nio? xuyin 11 40% thap hon so vdi cac bi|n phdp khic) Bin «!(• ditgrc gilo viln liia chpn sd dyng cac mde dp khic 111 k 1.1 iea amU anji: Kho khiin thu'dng gap Nflng lire thict kc xay dtmg moi tnrdng choi cna guio vicn cdn han che Co sd v;it clijit dd diing dd choi, i;il Iicii cdn thicu nglico nan Sd lirona tre troils Idjl qiui ddiiiz KJtdng gi,in chai cdn hqn che Ciliio vien CO If thai gian dc-inli cho vice lap kc hoach V.T xiiy dimg mdi Irirtmg chai cho Ire Tllicu tlii licit hirdng Jan vivdung moi limmg chai cho tre Kit qui khio sit cho thay, da sd gjlo viln mim non cho ring lliBi xly dyng moi tnidng phat huy tinh tich eUc ciia tre hoat ^ n g vui choi cd khd khan vi: sd Iticfi^ tre dong (chilm 96%); VI CO sd vat chat, dd diing dd choi, v^t h|u c6n dillu vl nghio nln chiia dap dng diipc ylu du eho vi|e xly dUng moi tnfdng choi d d c gdc chdi d c chii dl chcri (chilm 92%); Ve vi|c thilu tli li^u hUdng dan xly di^ng moi tnidng choi cho tre (ehilm 90%); gilo viln cd it didi gian danh cho vi|c lip kl hogdi vk xiy dilng moi tnJdi^ choi cho tri (ehilm 86%); Ning |.B»' liic thilt kl, xly dyr^ mdi ttiidng choi ciia gilo viln cln hgn che (chilm 80%); Cuoi cung hp cho rang khd khan vl khong gian ehoi (chiem 76%); Qua philu bli ehdng tli diia mpt sd biln phlp vl khd khln xay dting mli tnidng phlt huy thih tich cyc cda tti 5-6 tudi HDVC diu dUpe gilo viln mam non lila chpn theo dch ml hp eho 11 diing Cdn ttin thtie tl quan sat t^i d c tnidng mim non chui^ tdi thly; + Thd nhlt: D6 dimg dd choi, nguyin hpc li|u cho tri c6n ngheo nln, h^n che vl so lii^g, chd ylu 11 dung dl choi mua san it thly bdng ding cda d c diir^ dd ehdi ty t?o, mpt s6 ldp cd nhiing chi dl tning biy cho d?p chd tti khlng dtipc choL Nguyin vit li|u thien nhiln c6 sin d dja phiiOng cung khdng thly cd tai d c goc boat dpng Qua trao ddi, gilo ^^In cung cho rfng cln dau tii llm dd ehoi ty t^, can tin dyng d c nguyla v|t Ii|u san cd dia phtiOng Tuy nhiln, cd qui rdiilu hoat ddng ngiy d ttUdng nln hp khong thl chuin bi dil^c, hp khdr^ cd thdi gian dl sUu tim, llm chdi eho tri Y kien lull chon 40/5(1 46/50 4S/5II 3S/50 43/50 45/5(1 Ty lc "/ ' X(l 92 :, 96 76 86 90 Khi thay ddi chii de khong thly giao viln thay doi, sip xlp, bd tti lai d6 dimg, dd ciioi hpe h|u d cie goe eho phii hdp Trao ddi vdi giao viln thi chdng tdi nhan dtipc eie li chii quan vl khieh quan khae nhau: ldp ttat, tri dong vi|c di chuyln, thay ddi dc goe khd khan; dang dpt tta, thi giao vien gi6i, ch'uin bj chuyln dl elp trudng, d p thlnh phd nln ehUa ehd trpi^ diipc cong vi|e + Thd hai: Khdng gian choi hep (do diln tieh phdng nhlm vl s6 tti ddngtten40 chiu/1 ldp), to chdc eho tti ehdi chd ylu d c CO to chdc chdi ldp hpc it tan dung d c di|n tich ngoai hlnh lang ldp hpc, san tnidng CIc goc thtidng dit gin sit nhau, inh hUdng din qui ttinh ehoi eua tri nhil: glc sach truyin cln mOt khong gjan yin tinh thi 1^ dat canh gle ehcfl phan vai; 111 di 1^ gida cle gle gip nhilu kh6 khan eho tri + Thd ba: Tli li|u hudng din xly dyng mdi trUdng choi mit deh cy thl lai thilu nen giio viln khlng cd co hdi hpc hdi, nlng cao trinh dp chuyln mfin eda minh Vile hpc tap hoi ditdng kl ning xly dting mdi trUdng choi nhlm gip phan phlt trien nhln clch tre noi chung va tinh tich eye eho tre ndi rieng chtia dtipc cac ban nginh mim non quan tam Gilo viln thl th^t sd chUa chd ttpng den vi|c thay dil thtidng xuyin mdi trtidng ehoi nhlm phit huy tfnh tich ctic eua tre, vile sd dyng d c biln phlp ciia giio viln edn rat ban chl nln hilu qua chtia cao + Ihd td: Ban giam hilu nha tnidng chtia thtie sti quan tim din vi?c tl chdc HDVC, it kilm tra vl|c xly di^ng ke hog,ch 34 xay dting moi trtidng, td chdc htidng dan HDVC nhlm phlt huy tinhtiehctic cua tti Nlu di dti gid, kilmti:^thi hp chi chd ttpng den hoat ding hpc t ^ ed chu dfch, chtia tb|t sti quan tam din HDVC, den vi|c xly dting mli trtidng ehdi cho tti t?i dcldp Qua nghiln cdu vl khio sit thtie tr^ng ehdng tdi thly vi|e xay dyng mli tnidng phit huy tinh tieh ctie eda tre 5-6 tuoi ttong HDVC chtia cao, xult phat tii nhilu nguyen nhan: - Gilo viln mam non da nhln thdc dtipe vai trd va tam quan trpng eiia vi|c xly dyng mdi trtidng phat huy ttnh tich cyc cua tti 5-6 tuoi HDVC Tuy nhiln, bien phip xay dyng mdi tnidng cua gilo viln cdn c6 nhilu han chi, de biln phlp thiidng bi dOng vl khdng thtidng xuyin thay doi nln Inh htfdng den sy phlt huy tinh tich cyc cuattittongHDVC - Tai li|u htidng dan xay dyng mli tnidng choi ehoti^con thilu; giio viln chtia dupc tham gia vio dc ldp tip huan bdi dtidng Id nlng xly dting mil trtidng HDVC cho tte - Co sd vat chat tai dc trtidng ban chl chtia dap dng dtipc ylu du vl xay dyng mdi trtidng chcri eho tti nhU: + Di?ntichphdng hpc chit chdi llm Inh htidog din vi|c bl tri dc glc ehoi + Sd Itipng ddng nln Inh htidng din efing ^c xly diing mil trtidi^ choi eho tte + D6 chcri chtia da dang, phong phd, ft thay ddi, bd sung dl choiradi.Dd choi tti tao lam td dc nguyen vat U|u thien nhien, phi thai gan nhti khlng eo Cae gde dicri thtidng cd dinh d nim hpc khdng thay cie cd thay doi vj tri gdc ehoi nln tti de chan S6 7-2016 Datfv&E^ Hic ckc g6c ehdi quen thudc, choi quen thudc nln din din Mi tr?mg tri chin nan, khong cdn hdng thd, tfch eye choi - Ban giam hilu nha trtidng chtia tb|t sti quan tim nbiea din viec phlt huy tfnh tfeh cue ciia tri HDVC nSn vj& kilm tra lap kl hoach, xiy dyng mdi trtfdng choi cho tri cua giao viln cdn chtia sit sao, tri|t de Dac bi|t d n bd quin li cac tnidng mim non tra, kilm tra thtidng ehu trpng vao ho9t dpng hpc cd chu dich it quan tim kilm tra viec xly dting kl hoaeh, td chdc HDVC ciia gjio vien Nhti v|y, van dl ^ y dting mli trtidng phlt huy tfnhticha;c eda tte 5- tudi HDVC d tnidng mim non phu thuoc vio rlt nhilu ylu td, mdl ylu td ed mdt vai trd quan trgng khac nen giio vien mam non can phii ed sti nhln thtie, hiea bilt nhat djnh, dn cd sy hpc hdi tim tdi, sing tao sii d ^ d c bi|n phlp mpt dch phti hpp thl hieu qua cua vile xay dili^ mdi trtfdng chcri ddi vdl vi^c phlt huy tinhti'eheye du> tri te dtfdc ning cao *)KS 'Ml IILK^LUAN Vi|c phlt huy tinhticheye cua tre - tuoi HDVC co hilu qua mpt phln vile xly dtfng mdi trtidng cda giio viin f iiiiiiite( td chdc hoat dpng Moi trtidng vat chat vl mdi tnidng tim tnoiHicw Iy deu CO Inh htfdng din phat huy tinh tich ctie cua tre Noi moi tnidng chdi khong thoii mil, phd hdp vdi tre tbi bien ^dp mik) nio sd dyng eung khdng cd kit qui g3 ddi vdi tre Gilo viia phai biet tin dyng khong gian trtidng ldp, kit h ^ sd dung ck nguyen vat Ueu thien nhiln, phi thai, t?o dl ehoi mdi thu bdt tre boat dpng; kit hpp t^o tinh huong didi hap dan, loi eiioa tti; Ludn cho tre ty ltfa ehpn gdc choi, vai chdi; dpng viln khki %i)