Hoang Van Hoat TRAO 06i TH6NG TIN XAY DU''''NG CHUAN SAU RA NGOAI NGC THU''''C TRANG VA DE XUAT Dat vSn de I Thuc Men Chi thi s6 2737/CT BGDDT ngay 27 thang 7 nam 2012 cua Bo truang Bp Giao due va Dao tao v[.]
Hoang Van Hoat TRAO 06i-TH6NG TIN XAY DU'NG CHUAN SAU RA NGOAI NGCTHU'C TRANG VA DE XUAT Hoang Van Hoat' Dat vSn de I Thuc Men Chi thi s6 2737/CTBGDDT 27 thang nam 2012 cua Bo truang Bp Giao due va Dao tao ve nhiem vu trgng tam cua giao due dai hoc nam hgc 2012-2013 va Quy che Thuc hien cong khai doi voi ea sa giao due cua he thong giao due quoc dan 07 thang nam 2009 cua Bg truong Bp Giao due va Dao tao (Bp GD&DT), cae truang dai hgc (DH) can to chuc xay dung va cong bo ehuan dau eho cae nganh nghe dao tao eua truong Day la nhiem vu trgng tam va la mgt nhung giai phap gop phan nang eao chat luang dao tao eua tung ca sa dao tao va toan nganh, la cam ket eua eae co sa giao due dai hgc ve chat luang dao tao vai xa hpi, ve nang lue cua nguai hgc sau tot nghiep Theo tinh than cac van ban, nghi quyet va chi dao cua lanh dao Bg GD&DT, tat ea eac truang DH ca nuac deu tien hanh xay dung va eong bo chuan dau eho eac linh vuc dao tao cua ea sa minh Tuy nhien, viec xay dung va cong bo chuan dau cGng nhu eong tac to chue chuang trinh dao tao theo chuan dau eua cae trucmg dai hoc eham tri Bg GD&DT da to ehirc cac lop tap huan ve xay dung chuan dau ra, nhien tren thuc tS khai 'ThS., Khoa ti&ng Anh, TriFd-ng Oai hpc Ha Noi niem ve chuan dau van chua duac nghien cuu, ban bac thong nhat mgt each ehinh thong Hon nUa, cho den nay, chua CO nhieu nghien cuu ve dinh huang xay dung chuang trinh, to ehuc day hpc va danh gia theo chuan dau "Chudn dhu ngoai ngQ:" doi vai cac truang dai hpc chuyen ngu va khong chuyen ngiJ la mgt nhung yeu eau ma Bg GD&DT dua viec thuc hien cong khai: cong khai dieu kien dam bao chat luang giao due, chat lirgiig giao due thuc te va thu chi tai chinh Bg GD&DT yeu eau cac truang phai eong bo ehuan dau ngoai ngtj, nhung khai niem chuan dau lai ehua duac thong nhat cho nen eac truang kha lung tung phai tu xay dung "chuan dau ngoai ngu" doi vai sinh vien moi tot nghiep, bai chuan dau qua thap thi sinh vien trucmg khong dap ung dupc yeu cau cong viee, qua cao thi sinh vien khong the dat dugc Nhieu trucmg DH qua trinh xay dung chuan dau ngoai ngCr gap vo van kho khan Thue te la neu co sa dao tao nao xay dung chuan dau thap, mgi nguoi se eo cai nhin khong tot ve ca so Tuy nhien, rleu chuan dau cao, nhan luc, vat luc cua ca sa se phai gong minh de dap ung Do do, ehuan du da c6 nhung 85 Tap chi Khoa hgc Ngoai ngu* S6 35 (thang nam 2013) viec dat chu4n la ca mpt qua trinh, mgt thach thuc khong nho Lanh dao mgt s6 trucmg DH thira nhan nku "vg" chudn voi nhung tieu chi that ly tuong thi can phai phln ddu mot thai gian dai niia mai dat dupc Vi vay, viec xay dung ehuan dau ngoai ngQ citn co mot quy dinh thong nhat va cu the cua Bg GD&DT truang sir dung dl quy dinh trinh dp ti^ng Anh cua sinh vien sau t6t nghiep Nhieu truang mo rgng nhi6u loai chiing chi (lELTS, TOEFL ITP, TOEFL iBT, TOEFL PBT, TOEFL CRT ) dg sinh vien lya chpn hpc phu hop vol kha nang cua minh, co kha n3ng tai chinh Bai vi^t duac hinh thong qua viec tap hap thong tin thu thap tir cac trang Web cua cac trucmg DH, cac y kien danh gia it nhieu mang tinh chu quan cua nhQng nguai cupc la cac nha quan ly, cac giang vien va sinh vien duac dang tai tren cac phuang tien thong tin dai chung ve thue trang xay dung chuan dau ngoai ngO hien Tren ca sa nhiJng dQ lieu do, chiing toi manh dan de xuat nhung thay doi can thiet de cac truang DH CO the xay dung duoc chuan dau phii hop, dap ung yeu cau cang cao ciia cac nha tuyen dung lao dgng va nhu cau hgi nhap kinh te quoc te ciia nuac nha Ben canh do, nhan thirc ve chuan dau cung co nhi§u khac biet Mpt so nha quan ly cho rang chuan dau khong phai tieu chuan de xet tot nghiep, ma la ky vpng cua nha trucmg ve nang lyc ciia sinh vien tot nghiep, la dinh huang cho ca giang vien, sinh vien phan dau thuc hien qua trinh giang day, hpc tap Chuan dau cung la cam ket cua nha trucmg doi voi nguoi hpc, xa hpi Nhieu nguoi mong dpi ban hanh chuan dau co nghia cac truang se cam ket mpt chuan chat lupng nguon nhan luc ma trudng cung cap cho thi trucmg lao dgng Tuy nhien, dieu kien hien c6 ve dieu van chi la mong doi Chuan dau ciia eac truang co nhung yeu to ky vpng va nhung yeu to djnh lupmg giiip xa hpi, nguai hgc biet duoc trinh toi thieu ma sinh vien tot nghiep phai co la nhQng gi Co nhirng yeu to dinh lugng va nhung yeu to dinh tinh can c6 thai gian dk dinh luong hoa Mpt so khac lai quan niem rang chuan dau cac chuong trinh la khai niem dpng, ciing vai muc tieu va chuang trinh dao tao, qua trinh dao tao, viec b6 sung, thay d6i cho phii hpp II Thirc trang xay dirng chuan dau ngoai ngir (tieng Anh) Hien nay, quy dinh ve chuan ddu ngoai ngu ciia cac truang DH chua mang tinh thong nhat Co truang da ban hanh chuan dau ngoai ngQ nhung nhieu ban khoan, co truang den bay gio van chua biet ban hanh the nao Ngoai ra, chuan dau ngoai ngu eiia moi truong quy djnh mgt chuan khac Trinh B va chung chi TOEIC hien dupc nhi^u Hoang Van Ho?t TRAO D | - T H N G TIN nhu cdu xa hgi la viec lam thuang xuyen rat thap, chi co khoang 20 den 30% c6 the ma truong phai thyc hien Mgt so nha theo hpc tieng Anh a truong DH (10 tin quan ly het sue ban khoan cho rang chi) (Han Giang, 2012) Khoang han chuan dau ngoai ngiJ mau thudn cho 70% so sinh vien lai phai qua lop dy ndu dua chudn cua truang thi chua chac bi mai co the bo sung dii kien thue can dugc xa hoi chdp nhan, nhung neu dam thiet Nhieu sinh vien "rdng" tieng Anh bao yeu cau xa hpi thi cac truong lai bac thong Day cung la mpt khong du lyc Chua ke, khong phai mpi nhung nguyen nhan khien cho viec hpc sinh vien deu co nen tang tieng Anh tot, tieng Anh truong DH chua hieu qua nhat la sinh vien o cae tinh thuong khong Cho tai nay, chuong trinh Khung cua CO dieu kien de hpc tot mon Nhieu Bp GD&DT quy dinh qua nang; so gio sinh vien chi hgc tieng Anh ba nam nen danh cho ngoai ngQ bi cat giam, chi co len hgc dai hpc gap rat nhieu kho nhung truang nao coi trpng ngoai ngQ thi khan MJic du chuan dau ngoai ngQ ty tang so gia hpc ngoai ngu len Thyc te khong cao lam nhung nhieu sinh vien la, viec day va hpc ngoai ngu a bae cung vat va mai dat dugc thong khac a moi viing, thupc Trong khong it truang xem vao dieu kien giang day, hpc tap khac chuan dau ngoai ngQ nhu la mot tieu nhau, CO trinh ba nam va bay nam chudn bat buoc de sinh vien dugc xet cap Ngay thong bao cac mon thi tot bing t6t nghiep Khi dugc biet quy dinh nghiep trung hpc thong hang nam, Bp muc t6i thiiu chuan dau ngoai ngu eua GD&DT cung quy dinh truang hgp thi truang minh, nhieu sinh vien da khong sinh khong theo hgc het chuong trinh khoi choang vang va phai ty hpc them trung hpc thong hien hanh hoac co tiing Anh ben ngoai chuong trinh dh dat kho khan ve dieu kien day-hpc ngoai ngu dupc chuan quy dinh Mgt nhung thi hpc sinh dugc thi thay the mon Ngoai nguyen nhan ddn den tinh trang la ngu bang mon hpc khac Trong tuyen sinh nang lyc ngoai ngu ciia sinh vien vao DH, chiing ta khong quy dinh thi sinh yuong dai hpc rat thap Theo PGS.TS phai dat mot trinh dp ngoai ngQ nhu the Doan Quang Vinh, Pho giam doc DH Da nao moi dugc vao DH Nhu vay la chiing Ning, thi m6i nam, bat dau vao nam hpc ta da chap nhan trinh dp ngoai ngu dau moi, Trirong DH Bach khoa deu to ehu'e vao DH khac nhau, the thi tai sau mpt kiim tra danh gia trinh dp tieng Anh ciia thoi gian hgc DH voi chuong trinh dao tan sinh vien nham phan nhom trinh dp de tao dai hgc dugc danh cho chuyen mon CO ke hoach giang day dat ket qua tot nhat chinh cua nganh dao tao; so gia hpc ngoai Trinh tiing Anh ciia tan sinh vien dat ngQ rat it (300 tiet) ma dau chung ta lai Tap chf Khoa hpc Ngoai ngu' bdt buoc sinh vien phai dat mpt chuan gilng thi that vo ly TS Vu Thi Phuang Anh, DH Quic gia TPHCM, cho bilt hdu nhu khong co truong nao xac dinh mire dau vao can thiet de co the hgc tieng Anh hieu qua, dac biet la tieng Anh chuyen nganh; giao trinh soan san tren thi truong khong phii hgp vi phan ngon ngu rat nang, khong cap nhat chii de va ky nang can thiet cho chuyen mon Tai Trucmg DH Kinh tl TP.HCM, moi nganh lai co mgt muc quy dinh khac doi voi trinh tieng Anh Mgt so chuyen nganh cua nganh Quan tri kinh doanh yeu cau sinh vien phai dat toi thieu 550 diem TOEIC, phan Ion cac nganh chi can dat toi thieu 450 diem nhung truang dao tao khoi nganh ky thuat nhu Truong DH Bach khoa TP.HCM cung idy mue diem toi thieu tuong duong 450 TOEIC cho cac nganh truong Truong DH Luat TP.HCM la 450-600 diem Con tai Trudng DH Su pham ky thuat TP.HCM, Truang phong Dao tao Nguyen Tien Dung cho hay truong khong quy dinh cung nhac tit nghiep sinh vien phai co chiing chi TOEIC 350 ma qua trinh hgc tieng Anh tai trudng, sinh vien se dupc lam bai thi theo chudn TOEIC de tot nghiep se co trinh tuong duong TOEIC 350 (Quoc Dung, 2010) Mgt so trudng than trpng chua dam dua chudn TOEIC, TOEFL ma vdn sir dung trinh dp B C ngoai ngu theo S6 35 (thang nam 2Q13) each phan loai cua Viet Nam, hoac tuong duong trinh dg B, C dl xet tit nghiep Theo tac gia Quic Dung (2010), tai Trudng DH Cong nghiep TP.HCM sinh vien muon tot nghiep phai dat trinh dp C tieng Anh Trudng phong Dao tao Nguyen Van Hai cho biet: "Triedng quy dinh trinh C ngoai ngit vi hgc hit ihong, trinh cdc em dd tuang duang B do hoc DH ton nam md khong dgt duac C thi rdt thdp" Thae sT Co Tan Anh Vu, Trudng phong Dao tao Trudng DH Giao thong Van tai TP.HCM, thi eho rang ngoai ngQ la mon hpc dang lo tai eac trydng khoi ky thuat, do trudng khong chi bien tai cac buoi sinh hoat dau khoa cho sinh vien ma cdn thong bao tren website cua trudng, dan thong bao de sinh vien chii y Trudng xac dinh chuan dau ngoai ngu la chung chi B hoac cac chimg chi lELTS 4, TOEIC 405500, TOEFL PBT 437-473, TOEFL CBT 123-150, TOEFL iBT 41-52 Vdi s6 dilm linh hoat the nay, sinh vien se chit dgng hgc va dat dugc TS Le Khac Cudng, Trudng phong Dao tao kiem Pho Giam die trung tam Ngoai ngQ Trudng DH Khoa hgc Xa hgi va Nhan van TP.HCM (thugc DH Quic gia TP HCM), cho bilt gdn 30% sinh vien khoa dao tao theo phuong thirc tin chi dau tien ciia trudng hien van chua du dieu kien xet tot nghiep, dong nhat la so sinh vien ng chung chi ngoai ngQ (Thuy Vinh, 2011) TS Cudng cho Hoang Van Hoat bilt them la tii thang 11-2007, theo chii trucmg mem deo ciia hpc che tin chi, nha trudng quyit dinh ngimg day tiing Anh khong chuyen chuong trinh chinh khoa de chuyen mgt mon hgc sinh vien ty tich luy va nop chiing ehi de xet tot nghidp Tuy nhien, nhieu sinh vien thi di thi lai nhieu lan van khong dat noi chung chi B Thyc te eho thay nhieu sinh vien hien chua danh gia diing miic tam quan trpng cila ngoai ngu doi vdi qua trinh hgc tdp, nghien ciiu d bac DH Sinh vien van cho rang chi can nam viing kien thiic chuyen mon la du ma hp chua hilu rdng thdi dai bung no thong tin hien nay, sinh vien khong chi va khong the bang long vdi nhung kien thiic tu giao trinh, tai lieu tham khao nudc ma hp can dpc them nhQng tai lieu nudc ngoai, nhat la tai lieu tieng Anh Do vay, sinh vien eSn eo y thirc hon viec hgc tieng Anh trudng DH IIL Nhirng van de can lu'u y xay dirng chuan dau ngoai ngii3.L "Learning outcomes", "outcome standards", hay "exit-level standards"? NhQng liing tiing cua cac trudng DH viec cong bo chuan dau ra, yeu cau bat buoc ciia Bp GD&DT, da phan nao phan anh quan diem, nhan thuc va suy nghT ciia cac nha quan ly NhQng chuan dau ngoai ngQ dupc eong bo chi la chuan cac trudng tu an dinh va khong CO gi dam bao rang nhimg chuan co TRAO D ( - T H N G TIN dat dugc hay khong Dudng nhu tdt ca chi la hinh thiic va khong diing vdi thyc te Neu muon biet dugc nhung chuan thyc su dat dugc hay khong thi can phai co chiing cii tir ben ngoai NhQng ehiing cii CO the la ket qua danh gia ciia nha tuyen dung, ciia chinh cuu sinh vien, hoac cua nhung hiep hpi nghe nghiep dya tren nhung "chuan nang lue nghe nghiep" da tuyen bo Mot phan cua sy liing tung ay, theo chung toi, bat nguon tir viee sii dung thuat ngQ "chuan dau ra", no eho thay dudng nhu cac nha quan ly chua hilu ro npi ham cua cum tir ay Theo TS Vu Thi Phuang Anh, cum tu "learning outcomes" tir lau dugc dich la "chuan dau ra", va mac dii each dich la khong chinh xae, nhung hien no da dugc diing rat quen, den noi, co le khong CO each nao thay doi dugc dieu Chuan dau neu hieu diing nghTa ngon ngQ ciia nhung tir (^ chuan, tire mdu muc, va dau ra, tiic nang lyc eua ngudi hgc trudng) thi no phai dupc dich la "outcome standards" tieng Anh Tuy nhien, cho den nay, chua co khang djnh thuat ngQ "chuan dau ra" tllng Viet cd phai bat nguon tir "learning outcomes" hay "outcome standards" ciia tieng Anh hay khong Chiing toi thay thuat ngQ "exit-level standards" dupc dimg cong bo chinh sach ciia Trudng Douglas (Douglas College) la thuat ngu phii hgp vdi "chuan dau ra" Tuong ty nhu vay "chuan dau ngoai Tgp chi Khoa hpc Ngoai ngu- ngQ" CO thi la "exit-level standards of language competency" Thuat ngu dugc diln giai nhu sau: S6 35 (thang nSm 2013) kien thiic chuyen nganh ma xudt phat tir kha nang tieng Anh Theo dai dien ciia ETS t^i Viet Nam thi trinh dp ddu vao ciia sinh vien Viet Nam hien la mgt "dai" "Exit-level standards of language rdt Idn tir 50 - 850 dilm TOEIC Con competency will ensure that students can khao sat ciia IIG tai 18 trudng dai hgc communicate in English with sufficient Viet Nam cho th§y, diem binh quSn cua ability to handle future work-related SV nam thii nhat mdi chi dao dpng d miic and/or education-related communication 220 - 245/990 dilm TOEIC Kit qua tren tasks successfully Students will be da cho thay kha nang tieng Anh cua sinh expected to demonstrate satisfactory vien xa so vdi mong dgi ciia nha achievement of exit-level language tuyen dung Do vay, tai cac trudng dai hgc, competency standards as part of the viec xay dyng va cong bo "chuan dSu requirements to complete a tiSng Anh" den sinh vien la dieu can thilt course/program." (Douglas College, 2007, Bdi "chuan dau ra" la pham cong trang 1) khai vdi xa hgi ve san pham trudng minh Nhu vay thuat ngQ "exit-level dao tao Dua vao "chuan dau ra" ngudi standards of language competency" de hpc se hinh dung sau qua trinh dao tao co cap den nang lyc tieng cua sinh vien sau the lam dugc viec gi va nha tuyen dung tot nghiep, nang lyc giiip hg giao tiep biet dugc san pham dao tao ciia trudng cong moi trudng cong viec, nhu the nao nang luc ciing la mgt nhiing yeu Thyc te thi hien sinh vien va cac c3u bat buoc de sinh vien dupc cap bang trudng DH khong chuyen ngQ dang day tot nghiep/ket thuc mgt khoa hpc va hgc ngoai ngQ theo hudng dli 3.2 De xuat Viec day va hgc ngoai ngQ hien cua Kha nang sir dung tiing Anh la mot cac trudng cQng khong hieu qua, cong tac nhQng dieu kien ddu tien ciia mgt to chiic, quan ly dao tao nhilu vdn dl nudc dang phat trien nhu Viet Nam dl co can gi^i quyet, viec sap xep sinh vien co the hgi nhap vao nen kinh tl thi gidi Tuy nSng luc ngoai ngu ddu vao khac nhien, trinh tiing Anh ciia da s6 sinh vao hgc chung mpt Idp vdi thdi lugng cl vien tot nghiep dai hpc d nudc ta hien dinh nhu la mpt vi du phan anh su chua dap iing dugc lihiing doi hoi ciia thi bat cap trudng lao dpng Sinh vien trudng gap De CO mgt tieu chi ro rang vl chudn nhieu kho khan trd ngai viec tim ddu ngoai ngu thi chiing ta phai xay kiem viec lam Nguyen nhan khong phai dyng dupc mpt de an chi tilt, ro rang cho Hoang van Hogt TRAO D6I-TH6NG TIN nang lire dau ra, chiing ta co quyen tham khao cac loai chuan ciia cac to chiic kiem dinh, to chiic danh gia chuyen nghiep va td chiic khao thi quoc tl Vi du, tieng Anh, muon danh gia xem thuc su ngudi hpc co sir dung tieng Anh hieu qua Viec xay dyng chuan dau ngoai ngQ khong, thi phai de cho cdc to chiic khao hien nay, nhu da de cap tren day, thi nude ngoai TOEFL, lELTS, mang tinh "ty phat", "ty sang tac", co Cambridge Tests, TOEIC danh gia, xem trudng "tham khao trpn ven" chuan CO thuc su dat dugc khoang tren 90 diem dau cua trudng khac de thyc hien TOEFL iBT (tiic khoang 577 TOEFL c6ng khai cho trudng minh theo yeu cau PBT), hoac tren diem lELTS hay khong, ciia B6 GD&DT Tir thuc te do, chiing toi thi mdi ket luan dugc Do nhung to chiic xin de xuat sau dSy mpt so thay doi can deu la nhiing to chiic chuyen nghiep thiet qud trinh xdy dyng chuan dau ve danh gia nang lyc ngoai ngu nen hp co ngoai ngQ ciia cdc trudng DH hien nhiing mo ta tieu chi rat ro rang cho cdc 3.2.1 Tham khao -^ kien ky nang ciia mot ngudi hpc dat diem Trudc xdy dyng chuan dau lELTS va ket luan chinh xac cho tat ngoai ngij, cac trudng can tien hanh tham ca nhung ngudi ma hp chiing nhan dat khao y kien ciia tat ca cdc ben lien quan dupc cung trinh Nhu vay, chi nao den qua trinh dao tao va sQ dung lao dpng nang lyc ngoai ngu dau ciia sinh vien Theo Pan (2009), cupc khdo sdt can c6 dugc mgt to chiic khao thi quoc te danh su tham gia ciia cdc nha tuyen dimg lao gia thi chiing ta mdi dam tuyen bo dpng/doanh nghiep (business opinions), rang chuong trinh dao tao da dat dupc quan chiic chinh phu (governmental chuan dau (cua mgt to chuc nao do) opinions), can bg quan ly (administors' Trong hoan cdnh hien ciia Viet Nam, opinions), nha su pham (educators' chiing ta ciing co the dp dyng theo chuan opinions) va sinh vien (students' cua td chiic hoac to chirc khde neu opinions) Theo tac gia, y kien cua cdc chiing ta thay no phii hgp vdi dieu kien cu ben lien quan (stakeholders) se giiip cdc the ciia nha trudng Dieu quan trgng hon nha quan ly cua cac trudng DH xay dung cd la lam the nao de nang luc ngoai ngQ dugc chuan dau tot, vira dap ling dugc dau ciia sinh vien tdt hon Chiing ta yeu cau chat lupng nguon nhan lire, vira quan tam den nang lyc thyc su ciia sinh phan dnh dugc nang lyc ngoai ngu thuc vien liic trudng, chu khong quan tam den viec xay dung chuan dau rat hoanh su cua sinh vien tit nghiep trdng va an tugng dii biet rang chuan hoan toan khong phu hgp vdi nang lyc 3.2.2 Tham khao chuan dau san CO cua sinh vien trudc trudng Trong qua trinh xay dung yeu cdu vl timg cdp hgc (bdt ddu tir cdp tilu hgc) thi mdi CO the hy vgng sinh vien sau dat dugc miic chudn ma cac trudng de ra, vi neu khong thi chiing ta cii dat chuan cho CO chuan ma thoi 91 Tap chi Khoa hpc Ngoai ngir Hien nay, nhilu trudng DH khong chuyen ngu da xay dung chudn ddu TOEIC Viec chpn chudn ddu TOEIC la hoan toan phii hgp moi trudng lao dgng hpi nhap qu6c te Theo Yang (2005), 85% doanh nghiep nudc ngodi tai Dai Loan diu idy dilm TOEIC (405-900) dl tuyin cdn bp quan ly va nhan vien Ngan hang Techcombank la mpt 20 doanh nghiep Viet Nam dau tien sii dung chuang trinh TOEIC Ong Nguyln Dire Vinh, T6ng giam doc cho biet Techcombank da sii dung TOEIC ky tuyen ehgn can bp vdi hem 400 lugt ngudi thi tuyen Ngan hang da chpn dugc 70 nhan vien va diem TOEIC trung binh tuyen chpn da cd sy cai thien tu miic 450 diem (trinh dp so cap) dgt dau len hon 650 diem lan tuyen ehgn gan day nhdt (Anh Thu, 2004) T6ng Cong ty Hang khong Viet Nam (Vietnam Airlines), Cong ty LG Electronics Vietnam cflng sir dung TOEIC cdc ky tuyen dung nhan vien ciia minh, tat nhien, yeu eau vl diem thi TOEIC cua cac cong ty khac theo timg vi tri cong tdc Cdc thong bdo tuyen dyng lao dgng da thdy ten ciia nhieu cong ty Idn d Viet Nam sir dung chuong trinh kiem tra tieng Anh TOEIC nhu: Samsung Vina Electronics, Sacombank, LG Vina Chemical, Bangkok Bank Public, Cong ty hap tac lao dpng nudc ngoai Inlaco, Abacus Vietnam Tap doan Dau Quoc gia Viet Nam (PetroVietnam) va Tap doan Viin thong S6 35 (thang nSm 2013) Quan dpi (Viettel) Tuy nhien, vi?c chpn TOEIC lam chudn ciing g^y tranh luan giQa cac chuyen gia va nha quan ly Tac gid Vu Thi Phuang Anh (2007) cho rang viec chpn TOEIC dl danh gid trinh dp sinh vien khong giiip nang cao chat lugng giang day tieng Anh d cac trudng dai hgc ViSt Nam neu khSng kit hpp dugc viec sir dung TOEIC vdi cac yeu to khac cua qua trinh giang day Viec cac tnrdng DH chuyen ngQ d Viet Nam lly lELTS, TOEFL, CEFR (Cl) lam chuan dau cho sinh vien chuyen ngQ cung can phai dugc nghidn Cliu, can nhac than trgng Hien nay, theo thong tin cong bo tren cac trang web thi Trudng DH Ngoai ngii (DHQG Ha Ngi) idy chudn Cl (CEFR), Trudng DH Ngoai ngQ Hue, Trudng DH Ngoai ngQ Da Nang, Trudng DH Ngoai thuang ciing l^y chudn Cl Viec Sli dung cac "chuan quoc te" co the la mpt quyet dinh diing dan neu quyet dinh dya tren nhQng muc tieu xdc dang va nhung lap luan chuyen mon phu hgp, CO can nhac den nhQng dieu kien thuc te tai Viet Nam Ben canh do, hien nay, CEFR da dugc Thu tudng Chinh phii quyet djnh lam ehuan dao tao va danh gid tieng Anh ciia Viet Nam va mdi day, Bg GD&DT da ban hanh Thong tu vl chudn ngoai ngQ ciia hgc vien cao hpc va nghien Cliu sinh (NCS); theo de dugc bao ve luan van Thae sy, hpc vien cao hpc phai dat chuan dau la Bl va hgc vign phai dat chuan B2 trudc bao ve luan an TRAO D6f-TH6NG TIN Hoang Van Hogt Tien sy Nhu vay, muln giiip sinh vien d^t dugc chudn ddu culi ciing cua mpt qua trinh dao tao, cac nha lap ke hoach dao tao cdn xac dinh cac moc trinh dp trung gian suot qua trinh dao tao, tu xac dinh thdi gian can thiet de giiip sinh vien dat cac moc trinh dp Theo do, neu sinh vien vao cdc trudng dai hpc chuyen ngQ eo trinh dp so cap A2 va chuan dau ngoai ngu ciia cdc trudng chuyen la Cl thi tSng thdi gian toi thieu can thiet de sinh vien dat Cl la 900 tiet vi, theo Graddol (2006), thi thdi gian can thiet de tang miic trinh ciia CEFR la khoang 300 tiet Tuong tu nhu vdy, nlu muon hpc vien cao hgc dat dugc trinh dp B1 trudc hao ve luan van thi thdi gian hgc tieng Anh d cao hgc phai khoang 300 tiet sau trinh dau vao A2, chii khong phdi la 75 tiet nhu quy dinh hien tai mpt so trudng Tir thyc te ndi tren, theo chiing toi, chiing ta can thuc hien cdc nghign ciiu thyc nghiem de xem xet hieu qua ciia viec dp dung CEFR tai Viet Nam va cong bo cac ket qua nghien ciiu de cdc chuyen gia va ngoai nudc co dieu kien tiep can va neu y kien phan bien Kinh nghiem sir dung khung tham chieu CEFR tai cac nudc chau A, dac biet la qua trinh xay dyng CEFR cho ngudi Nhat (CEFR-J) la kenh tham khao quan trgng cho lanh dao va can bp quan ly Bp GD&DT va cac trudng DH IV KET LUAN Chuan dau ngoai ngu la mpt nhung yeu cau ma Bp GD&DT dua viec thyc hien "ba cong khai" tu 15-1-2010 Cong khai chudn ddu ngoai ngu cung la mgt cdeh cam kit vdi xa hgi rang san pham xuat xudng ciia mpt CO sd dao tao dat chuan chat lugng nhu da cong bo Sinh vien tot nghiep dai hgc co the giao tiep gioi bang ngoai ngQ Id mot doi hoi tat yeu ciia xu the phat trien Tuy vdy, tinh hinh day va hpc ngoai ngu hien nay, giai quyet van de la chuyen khong de ddng Theo chiing toi, chuan dau ngoai ngu nen xay dyng mem deo vd can xay dung chuan theo nhieu miic khac nhau, tuang iing vdi cac moc trinh dp trung gian suot qua trinh dao tao Nha trudng can xay dyng "chuan dau ngoai ngu" toi thieu (minimum exit-level standards of language competency), chuan ndy it nhat phdi dat muc ma doanh nghiep chap nhan dugc Mpt van de khac cung can phai can nhac Id neu trudng xac dinh chuan dau qua cao kha nang sinh vien han che va dieu kien dao tao ciia cac trudng khong tot thi chuan se tao siic ep Idn cho sinh vien, chimg chi ngoai ngQ dau vo tinh trd mot cira day kho khan ma sinh vien phdi qua Trudc ket thiic bai viet nay, chimg toi muon nhan manh rang tieu chi danh gid cac trudng dai hpc hien ciia 93 S6 35 (thang n5m 2013) Tap chi Khoa hpc Ngoai ngi> Viet Nam vdn cdn khac nhieu so vdi cdc cau can thi6t ddi vdi cac co sd dao tao nudc phat triln Chiing ta cdn tim hieu Chuan dau ngoai ngQ mang tinh dinh xem cdc tieu chi danh gid trudng dai hpc hudng cho viec day va hpc ngoai ngu, la hien ciia chiing ta co can thay doi ca sd de ngudi day biet minh can day nhu khong va nen thay doi nhu the nao Phdt bilu sau day ciia TS Gray, m6t chuyen gia ngudi My, tai mpt cupc hpi thdo ve gido due dai hpc Viet Nam eo the la mpt ggi y hay: the nao, day van de gi de sinh vien minh dat chudn trudng; de ngudi hpc xac dinh minh can hpc gi de dat chuan va sau hpc xong minh se lam dugc gi vd co dap ling dugc yeu cau ciia nha tuyen dung khong Chuan dau ngoai ngQ la ca sd institution's de timg budc chuan hda cac cong doan quality? It is not in a number of buildings, dao tao cua nha trudng Xay dyng chuan the number of people, of dau la cong viec het sire mdi me va how phiic tap, can co sy tham gia ciia cac nhd are This is a quan ly, cac chuyen gia tu van Ngodi ra, "And how we test the books in successful the library our students the number It's on education cdc trudng dai hgc cung can phai soat, in the United Slates and this is again a ddnh gid va hoan thien todn bp chuong foundation trinh dao tao, ngi dung dao tao cho phii fundamental change in higher that we are recommending here in Vietnam" (Gray, 2007, trang 2) hgp vdi yeu cau thyc tien cua cdc nha tuyen dung, phu hgp vdi xu the thdi dai Xay dung va cong bo chudn dau ngoai ngQ la viec lam co y nghTa quan dong thdi phii hgp vdi dieu kien cu thS nha trudng trpng - la mpt nhiing tieu chi va yeu TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Anh Thu (2004) TOEIC - cong eg cua cac nha tuyen dung, Hanoimoi online Truy cap taj dia chi http://hanoimoi.com.vn/Ban-in/Giao-duc/23112/toeic—cong-c7909;-c791 l;a-cac-nhatuy7875;n-d7909; 29/10/2012 Douglas College (2007) Language Competency Standards Truy c?tp tai dia chi http://www,douglas.bc.ca/about/policies/edu/langcomp.html#Entry-Levei Standards 28/10/2012 Graddol, D (2006) English next British Council Truy cap tai dia chi http://www.britishcouncil.org/learning-research-englishnext.htm 28/10/2012 Gray, P J (2007) Phucmg phap giang day Phat bieu tai hpi thao "Cac ca hoi nang cao chdt lucmg Giao due Viet Nam: Diln dan thao luan ve cac bao cao ciia YEP ve Giao dye Dgi hgc Hoang VSn Hogt TRAO | - T H N G TIN mpt sl nganh Khoa hoc, Ky thuat va Nong nghiep" Quy Giao due Viet Nam, Bo Giao due va Dao tgo va Vien Han lam Quoc Gia Hoa Ky phoi hgp to chiic tai Ha Ngi Han Giang (2012) Trinh dp ngoai ngir ciia sinh vien qua yeu Truy cap tai dja chi http://www.udn.vn/posts/view/226/239 29/10/2012 Pan, C Y (2009) Test impact: English certification exit requirements in Taiwan Truy c|p tai dja chi http://journal.teflin.org/index.php/tefIin/article/viewFile/136/122 28/10/2012 Quoc Dung (2010) Chudn ddu ngoai ngii: Ncri nang, ch5 nhe! Truy cap tai dja chi http.7/phapluattp,vn/2010103111545213p0c 1019/chuan-dau-ra-ngoai-ngu-noi-nang-chonhe.htm 29/10/2012 Thuy Vinh (2011) Nan giai chuan ddu ra, Ngudi lao dong online Truy cap tai dja chi http://suckhoedjnhduong.nld.com.vn/2011! 110111357737p0cl017/nan-giai-chuan-dau-ra.htm 29/10/2012 Vu Thj Phuong Anh (2007) Hpc tieng Anh 10 nam trudng khong su' dung dupc: Dau la nguySn nhan, va co chang mot giai phap? Bao cao trinh bay tai Hoi thao "Danh gia ngon ngu - Nhung tieu chuan chung dugc thi gidi cong nhan" Hgi ding Anh va Vien Chiln luge va Chucmg trinh Giao due dong to chuc tgi Ha Noi O.Yang, X Y (2005) Taiwan ranks in last fourth on lELTS scores in Asia Truy cSp tai dja chi http://focustaiwan.tw/ShowNews/WebNews_Detail.aspx?ID=201208]40039&Type=aLIV 28/10/2012 ... course/program." (Douglas College, 2007, Bdi "chuan dau ra" la pham cong trang 1) khai vdi xa hgi ve san pham trudng minh Nhu vay thuat ngQ "exit-level dao tao Dua vao "chuan dau ra" ngudi standards... Ngoai ra, chuan dau ngoai ngu eiia moi truong quy djnh mgt chuan khac Trinh B va chung chi TOEIC hien dupc nhi^u Hoang Van Ho?t TRAO D | - T H N G TIN nhu cdu xa hgi la viec lam thuang xuyen rat... chi ro rang vl chudn nhieu kho khan trd ngai viec tim ddu ngoai ngu thi chiing ta phai xay kiem viec lam Nguyen nhan khong phai dyng dupc mpt de an chi tilt, ro rang cho Hoang van Hogt TRAO D6I-TH6NG