curu • Khoa hoc Gido due P H A N L U O N G H O C S I N H 0 C A C T R l / O N G P H O T H O N G D A N T O C N O I T R U • PGS TS NGO QUANG SON Bd Giao due va Dao tao • TS NGUYEN THj KIM THANH Dai hoc G[.]
• Khoa hoc Gido due curu P H A N LUONG HOC S I N H C A C TRl/ONG PHO THONG D A N TOC N O I TRU • PGS.TS NGO QUANG SON Bd Giao due va Dao tao • TS NGUYEN THj KIM THANH Dai hoc Giao due T rifdng phd thong dan tpc npi tru (PTDTNT) la cau xa hpi, giai quyet tinh trang "ThUa thay, thieu thp" loai hinh trudng chuyen biet danh cho thanh, Thuc trang viec phan luong hoc sinh d thieu nien cac dan tpc thieu so vdi nhiem vu tao cac trudng PTDTNT hien nguon dao tao can bp va nguon nhan luc cd trinh 1.1 Nhung uu diem cua viec phan luong dp cao cho vung mien nui, dan tpc HS cua HS trudng PTDTNT dddc Nha nude nuoi day va - Trong nhieu nam qua trudng PTDTNT da dam bao cac dieu kien de phat trien cung cap mpt Idpng khong nhd can bp cho chinh He thdng trudng PTDTNT dupe hinh quyen cd sd, da cd dpi ngu HS thi dai hpc, td cum xa den huyen, tinh va cac khu vue Nam hpc 2008 - 2009, tren dia ban 49 tinh va cao dang va du dieu kien ddpc cd tuyen, nhieu phd da cd 285 trudng PTDTNT, bao gdm: HS da trudng va giu vi tri quan trong trudng trung Udng, 47 trudng tinh, 231 trudng chinh quyen cac cap cua tinh huyen va cum xa vdi khoang 86.000 HS - Mpt bp phan HS cd hpc luc kha da dupe Muc dich md trudng PTDTNT la tao nguon nha trudng bdi dudng ren luyen thong qua qua cho cac trudng cao ding, dai hpc va trung cap trinh giao due toan dien da trddng rat chuyen nghiep de dao tao can bp cac dan tpc, nhanh chdng cac vi tri cong tac, phat huy trudc het la can bp lanh dao, giao vien, can bp y dUdc nhdng kT nang, nhan each da dddc hinh te, quan li, can bp khoa hpc kT thuat Ddng thdi va ren luyen trddng PTDTNT viec md trddng PTDTNT nham dao tao Idc - Tang cddng cong tac hddng nghiep cho lupng lao dpng cd trinh dp van hda, kT thuat, cd HS, thdc hien phan luong cho HS td cap sdc khoe va pham chat tot de tham gia vao cong THCS (PTDTNT huyen) va THPT (PTDTNT cupc xay ddng que hddng mien nui, dan tpc De tinh) 1.2 Nhung nhupc diem cua viec phan thdc hien ddpc hai muc tieu thi can phai lam tot cong tac phan luong HS trddng PTDTNT luong HS - Theo quyet dinh 2590/GD-OT, muc dich Hien he thdng trddng PTDTNT hoat dpng theo quyet dinh sd 49/2008/QD -BGDOT md trudng PTDTNT da the hien ro cong tac phan 25 thang nam 2008 cua Bp GD& OT luong HS Song qua trinh quan li nhieu Chat Iddng va hieu qua dao tao cua trddng trddng chda bam s.it muc dich dd Viec tao PTDTNT cang dddc cai thien Nam hpc nguon cho cac trddng trung cap chuyen nghiep, 2008 - 2009 ti le HS trddng PTDTNT thi dd tot cao dang, dai hpc de dao tao can bp cac dan nghiep THPT dat 82,96%, cao hdn ti le tot tpc, trddc het la giao vien, can bp y te, can bp lanh dao, quan li, can bp khoa hpc kT thuat chda nghiep THPT toan qudc la 2,44% Phan luong HS sau mdi cap hpc la giup HS dap Ung dupe yeu cau d vung dan tpc chu dpng Ida chpn dddng tiep tuc hpc tap - Ti le HS tot nghiep THPT (trddng PTDThoac di vao ITnh vdc nghe nghiep nao phu NT tinh) vao cac trddng dai hpc, cao dang hop vdi hoan canh, nSng Idc, hdng thu cua cac thap, chi tinh nam hpc 2003 - 2007 ti le em va phu hdp vdi yeu cau cua su phat trien kinh HS tot nghiep THPT vao dai hoc, cao dang la te - xa hpi Phan luong de phu hdp vdi nang Idc 41,3% HS lam cho cd cau lao dpng phu hdp vdi nhu - Hang nam so HS tot nghiep cap THCS cua KHGD sd 52, thdng - 2010 35 Khoa hoc Gido due cac trddng PTDTNT huyen la kha Idn nhung sd HS dddc cd tuyen vao trudng PTDTNT tinh la khong dang ke so lai chu yeu vao cac trddng THPT hoac d cac trung tam giao due thddng xuyen (GDTX) ti le cac em vao trung cap chuyen nghiep (TCCN) day nghe chi dat khoang 20% so HS phai ve dia phddng chda dddc qua dao tao nghe 7,5% - Viec thdc hien chi tieu tuyen sinh TCCN he cd tuyen hang nam deu khong du so vdi chi tieu dddc giao trung binh chi dat 64% Trong tdng so chi tieu cd tuyen ndi tren chi cd 1/3 la ddi tddng HS cac trddng PTDTNT so lai la HS d cac xa dac biet khd khan, mien nui vung sau vung xa theo hoc cac trddng THPT trung hpc BTVH Chu yeu nhdng nguyen nhan sau: + Viec dang ki chi tieu cua uy ban nhan dan cac tinh khdng sat vdi nhu cau thdc te Cac tinh chda dieu tra khao sat nhu cau nhan Idc can thiet cho nhdng nganh, nghe thieu can bp d dia phdOng de dang ki chi tieu cd tuyen vao TCCN + Tam li cua HS va phu huynh khdng mudn cho em di hoc TCCN vi loai hinh dao tao chua that hap dan so vdi cao ding, dai hpc + Hpc sinh dan tpc tot nghiep THPT dat loai kha gidi ddpc cd tuyen hoac thi vao cao dang va dd bi dai hoc, so lai chu yeu dddc cd tuyen vao TCCN vi vay chat Idpng dau vao TCCN khong cao + Che dp chinh sach ddi vdi HS dan tpc npi tru vao hpc TCCN chda dddc quan tam dung mdc, hpc bdng thap, khong du de cac em theo hpc d cac trddng TCCN; mpt sd HS sau td't nghiep TCCN thi khong dddc phan cong dung nganh nghe dao tao, chda ke cd nhdng trddng hop khong dddc phan cdng cong tac hoac khong cd viec lam - Chda cd mdi quan he chat che gida trddng PTDTNT va dia phddng ndi trddng ddng cdng tac quy hoach va sd dung can bp Nha trddng chda can cU vao quy hoach dao tao va sd dung can bp cua dia phUdng de cd ke hoach hddng nghiep va phan luong HS qua trinh dao tao Cdng tac lien he vdi chinh quyen dia phUdng de dao tao sd dung theo dia ch? chua dUdc nha trudng quan tam dung mdc Nha trudng cung chda chu y den so Iddng HS tot nghiep trddng cd nghe nghiep va da trddng nhd the nao 36 - Cac cap chinh quyen dia phdOng chda thdc sd quan tam den viec tao dieu kien sd dung HS td't nghiep trddng npi tru, hien tddng lang phi nhan Idc chinh quyen cap xa chda thu hut sdtham gia cua HS da tot nghiep - Viec theo doi hieu qua sau dao tao ddi vdi ddi tdpng HS PTDTNT ddpc di hpc cd tuyen cua nganh giao due va trddng PTDTNT chda sat sao, chda cd thdng ke day du ve so Idong HS da tot nghiep cac trddng chuyen nghiep ve phuc vu tai dia phddng - Thdc tien cho thay viec phan luong HS d cac trddng PTDTNT da dddc dat td lau, nhung den van chda cd sd quan tam dung mdc va cd nhdng giii phap phu hdp Chi tinh nam hpc td 2003 2007 so HS cac trudng PTDTNT sau tot nghiep THCS phii trd ve dia phddng ma chda ddpc dao tao nghe la 7,5% va sau td't nghiep THPT la 38,7% Nhd vay, sd diu td cua Nha nddc cho he thdng cac trddng PTDTNT tinh va huyen la rat Idn, nhdng hieu qui chda cao, gay nen sd mat can ddi ve tao nguon dao tao can bp va nguon nhan Idc phuc vu yeu cau phat trien kinh te - xa hpi d vung dan tpc - Viec day nghe phd thdng cho HS cac trddng PTDTNT chay theo viec cpng diem thi tot nghiep la chinh nen sau trddng trd ve dia phddng, phin Idn HS khong sd dung dddc cac nghe da hpc cho cupc song cua gia dinh, lang, bin - Mpt khd khan nda dat hien la quyet dinh 49 ve Quy che va td chdc hoat dpng cua trddng PTDTNT ddi hdi phai day nghe phd thong, day nghe ngin han, day nghe truyen thdng Vay mdi quan he cua viec day cac nghe nhd the nao Neu khong phan dinh ro se gay nhieu lung tung cho cac trddng PTDTNT - Bien phap td chdc giao due hddng nghiep (GDHN) dac thu cua nha trddng chda tac dpng den tat c i cac HS nen vin mpt ti le cao HS trddng chda dddc chuan b| diy du nang Idc pham chat cin thiet cho nghe nghiep ndi chung va lam can bp xa ndi rieng - Cd trddng PTDTNT chda chu y phan luong HS td Idp 10 de diu td dung hddng cd hieu qua phu hdp vdi trinh dp, nang Idc va nguyen vong cua cac em, nhat la chda dinh hddng ro va phan biet nhiem vu GDHN dac thu cua trddng PTDTNT vdi trddng THPT khac - Hoat dpng GDHN cd bddc chuyen bien KHGD so 52, thdng - 2010 curu cac trddng hpc nhirng hieu trddng, can bp quan li giao vien vin chda dat GDHN vao dung tam, dung vi tri nhd quan diem cua Ding, cua nganh, cua cac cap lanh dao tinh da de ra; GDHN vin bi xem la loai hoat dpng thd hai sau day van hoa va chda ddpc xac dinh ro tinh chuyen biet dac thu cua GDHN trddng PTDTNT Mpt so' giai phap cd ban de phan luong HS d cac trddng PTDTNT 2.1 Day manh cong tac tuyen truyen giao due, nang cao nhan thuc cho can bp quan li, giao vien, HS, cha me HS va cdng ddng ve GDHN, phan luong HS theo hudng tao nguon can bp - Tang cddng cong tac td van nghe cho HS trddng PTDTNT, mdi trddng cd mpt bp phan chuyen trach cong tac GDHN va phan luong HS de td van cho HS, giup cac em khdi lung tung Ida chpn nghe nghiep cho bin than mdi mua thi den Cac cap, cac nganh, can bp quin li giao due, giao vien, gia dinh va HS nhan thdc mpt each sau sic ve vai tro cua viec dao tao nguon nhan Idc, nguon can bp ddi vdi sd phat then kinh te - xa hpi d vung dan tpc - Tao nguon dao tao can bp la muc dich hang diu cua he thdng trddng PTDTNT Mudn dat dddc muc dich thi GDHN theo hddng tao nguon dao tao can bp cap co sd cd vai tro rat quan trong, vi GDHN gan vdi phan luong HS, gin vdi yeu cau phat then kinh te - xa hpi va nhu cau ve xay ddng dpi ngu can bp cap cd sd cua tdng dia phddng tdng giai doan GDHN giup cho mpi ngddi hieu ring hpc len dai hpc, cao dang khdng phai la dddng nhat de vao ddi ma nhieu dddng khac Vdi nang Idc cua ban than cung vdi sd chuan bi ve nhan each, pham chat cua ngddi can bp cap co sd, moi ngddi cd the tiep can vdi cdng viec chinh quyen xa dddc trdng dung, de bat GDHN theo hddng tao nguon can bp xa la mpt bien phap nham nang cao hieu qua diu td cua Nha nddc cho giao due - dao tao Day dddc coi nhd mpt nhiem vu giao due chung cho tat ca HS vi ddi vdi nhdng HS cd nang Idc hpc tap len cao hon thi muc dich hddng nghiep vin phii hddng cho cac em cd nguyen vong trd ve que hdong de bd sung vao dpi ngu can bp khoa hpc cd trinh dp cao Du cd ddpc hpc d trinh dp nao thi mdi HS dan tpc thieu so sau trddng deu cd the la KHGD so 52, thdng - 2010 •Khoa hoc Gido due ddi tdpng de de bat va sd dung vao cac chdc danh can bp cua cac cap chinh quyen, cac nganh tdthap den cao tinh Bdi vay GDHN khong chi tuan theo chddng trinh chung, ma chuan bi cho HS cac tieu chi can thiet ve nhan each cua ngddi can bp, dd chinh la tinh chuyen biet GDHN d trddng PTDTNT 2.2 Bdi dudng nang luc va nghiep vu su pham ve GDHN cho giao vien - Quan li bdi dddng de giao vien cd the dap dng ddpc yeu ciu ddi mdi chdong trinh sach giao khoa hien va de dap dng dddc nhiem vu cua GDHN da dddc ndi den chi thi 33/CT-BGD& OT va nhiem vu GDHN dac thu cua trddng PTDTNT trddng PTDTNT giao vien gid vai tro rat quan trong GDHN Giao vien, dac biet la giao vien chu nhiem, ddng vai tro la cha me cua cac em d trddng, luon theo doi sd bien ddi tam li, sd phat then nhan each cua cac em hing qua cdng tac chu nhiem Idp, giao vien chu nhiem la ngddi gan gui vdi cac em hon ca, va anh hddng dac biet tdi nhan thdc va nhan sinh quan cua HS - Bdi dddng chuyen mon - nghiep vu cho giao vien lam cong tac GDHN la bdi dddng ve kien thdc, kT nang va thai dp ddi vdi cdng tac GDHN, dd chu y tdi nhirng kien thdc, kT nang, thai dp ddi vdi GDHN theo hddng tao nguon can bp a) Ve kien thuc: + Thdng tin ve the gidi nghe nghiep theo phan loai nghe Ngddi ta da khai quat nhdm nghe theo ddi tdpng lao dpng, giao vien can hieu, de lam can bp xa thi ngoai nghe chuyen mon cin phai trang bi them nhdm nghe quin li + Thdng tin ve he thdng cac trdPng dai hpc, cao ding TCCN, cac nghe cO cau cac chdc danh can bp xa dia ban tinh va c i nddc + Td van hddng nghiep; Td vin sd bp va td van chuyen sau b) Ve kT nang: + Thiet ke bai giing GDHN sinh dpng; kT nang td chdc cac budi toa dam, hpi thio ve GDHN; kT nang hddng dan, td van cho HS Ida chpn nganh nghe c) Ve thai dp: + Luon quan tam den GDHN theo hddng tao nguon can bp 37 Khoa hoc Gido due + Tich cure tham gia tuyen truyen cho mpi nguoi hieu ro nhiem vu cua GDHN noi chung va GDHN theo hudng tao nguon can bp ndi rieng 2.3 To chut cac hoat dong GDHN dac thu d trudng PTDTNT, dao tao theo nhu cau xa hdi, theo hudng tao nguon can bp (Hudng thu 1: cd du nang luc de hoc d cac trudng TCCN va day nghe, cao dang, dai hoc nguon nhan lut cd trinh dp cao; hudng thu2: trd can bd xa cd nang lut va pham chat tot) Trudng PTDTNT cd phdng tu van, gidi thieu viec lam - De thuc hien nhiem vu tao nguon dao tao can bp cac dan tpc thieu so cho vung dan tpc thi can thiet phai td chdc GDHN dac thu, nhim cung cap cho HS nhdng thong tin ve phat trien kinh te cua dia phUdng va cua ca nddc, ve nhung nghe ma dia phddng va xa hpi cd nhu cau, td van cho HS biet tu danh gia nang Idc qua trinh quyet dinh Ida chpn hpc tiep hoac tham gia lao dpng tai dia phddng Trang bi cho HS mpt so kT nang cd ban cua mpt so nghe phd thong d dia phddng cd nhu cau phat then Cd dinh hudng phan luong cho HS cudi cap hpc phu hop vdi nang Idc cua cac em va muc tieu dao tao can bp cua dia phddng Chuan bi cho HS nhdng kien thdc kTnang can thiet cua ngddi can bp, tao dieu kien thuan Idi cho qua trinh phan dau cua nhdng HS sau tot nghiep trd ve dia phddng ddpc sd dung tao nguon can bp xa - Hieu trddng tren cd sd nam vdng cac chu trddng cua Bp GD & DT ve GDHN cho HS de di dung hddng mem hoa ve npi dung, da dang hoa ve hinh thdc, thdc hien md rpng tdng budc viec hudng nghiep, day nghe cho HS tai trddng hoac trung tam kT thuat tdng hdp - hddng nghiep, trung tam day nghe, trddng THCN, trddng day nghe theo cac npi dung dac thu sau: + Hddng nghiep sd pham: hddng nghiep y te cpng ddng + Phd'i hpp vdi cac co sd day nghe trddng THCN, trddng cao dang, dai hpc va cac cd sd giao due dao tao cua cac nganh, cac cap chua'n bi kT nang va kien thdc nghe cho HS + To chdc phan luong HS, thdc hien dao tao theo dia chi de tao nguon can bp theo tinh hinh thdc te cua dia phddng + Lda chpn npi dung sinh hoat hddng nghiep va cau true chddng trinh nham giup cho HS nim dddc nhdng thong tin ve tinh hinh phat 38 Nghien then kinh te - xa hpi cua dat nddc va cua dia phddng + Tang cddng hieu biet ve cac nganh nghe cd cau nghe thupc chinh quyen xa 2.4 Tang cudng ca sd vat chat thiet bi cho cac trudng PTDTNT nang cao chat lupng day hoc, tao dieu kien tot cho cdng tac GDHN va phan luong HS - Nang cao chat Iddng va hieu qua hoat dpng GDHN the hien qua day nghe phd thdng sinh hoat hddng nghiep, td van hddng nghiep - Xay ddng td't co sd vat chat, tang cddng thiet bi day hpc nhim tao dieu kien cho viec thdc hien ddi mdi phddng phap day hpc, ddi mdi phddng phap GDHN theo chddng trinh GDHN mdi d cac trddng PTDTNT - Tap trung xay ddng, cung cd cd sd vat chit phuc vu cho cdng tac GDHN theo md hinh chua'n: + Xay ddng phong sinh hoat hddng nghiep: La ndi cd the td chdc trao ddi vdi cac ca nhan va tap the HS de tim hieu hdng thu khuynh hddng nguyen vong cung nhd tam td, tinh cam, nhdng ban khoan, thic mic cua HS chpn nghe + Xay ddng phong day hpc mon Cdng nghe va day nghe phd thong: Co sd vat chat phuc vu cho hoat dpng day nghe phd thong trddc het can cd cac phdng hpc va cac dieu kien cin thiet di kem (dien, anh sang, nddc, khdng ) danh rieng cho tdng nghe hoac nhdm nghe + Xay ddng vddn trddng: Cin xay ddng vddn trddng theo he thdng V.A.C (Vddn - Ao Chudng) de td chdc cho HS thdc hanh lao dpng sin xuit theo kT thuat mdi nhim giup cac em bd sung them kien thdc ve lam, sinh, trdng trot 2.5 Ket hop chat che gida cac lut lupng nha trudng tham gia GDHN va phan luong HS - Hddng nghiep cho HS la viec lam thddng xuyen, mpi luc, mpi noi va cua mpi ngddi Nd doi hdi phii cd sd ket hdp gida nha trddng - gia dinh va xa hpi - Ddi vdi trddng PTDTNT tap the sd pham la Idc Idpng quan nhat thdc hien GDHN cho HS Quan li cua hieu trddng nhim tao nen mot the thdng nhat td nha trudng den gia dinh va xa hpi va phat huy ddpc sdc manh cua the thdng nhat qua trinh GDHN cho HS Sd chi dao cua hieu trddng nha trddng la ciu ndi lien KHGD so 52, thdng - 2010 •Khoa hoc Gido due curu ket giCfa cac Idc luting tham gia GDHN de hoan nhiem vu GDHN mot each tot nhat - Hieu trddng la ngddi xay ddng ke hoach chung, dieu khien moi qua trinh va chiu trach nhiem vdi cap tren ve ket qua cua cong tac GDHN - Phd hieu trddng chi dao trdc tiep cdng tac hddng nghiep nha trddng, cd nhiem vu thuc day mpi ngddi tham gia GDHN, kiem tra, ddn ddc, danh gia ket qua dat ddpc tdng giai doan, tdng npi dung - Giao vien chu nhiem la ngddi ddng mui chiu ddi vdi mpi hoat dpng cua Idp minh chu nhiem, dd cd hoat dpng GDHN Do giao vien chu nhiem la ngddi gan gui HS, hieu ro tam sinh li cua HS, hieu ro sd thich, hdng thu va hoan canh gia dinh cua HS nen giao vien chu nhiem la nhan td quyet dinh viec lien ket cac Idc Idpng tham gia GDHN cho HS Giao vien chu nhiem cung vdi giao vien bp mdn danh gia qua trinh hpc tap va ren luyen cua HS, lap phieu theo doi nang Idc va tam li cCia HS, vda la ngddi td van hddng nghiep vda la ngddi td van phan luong HS cho hieu trddng de cd hddng dao tao theo dia chi - Giao vien day nghe phd thdng: Qua hoat dpng giao due nghe phd thong giao vien cung cap mpt so kien thdc co ban ve cong cu, kT thuat, quy trinh cdng nghe, an toan lao dpng cho HS Ddng thdi ren luyen cho HS mpt so ki nang cd ban ve thdc hanh kT thuat theo quy trinh cong nghe de tao mpt san pham nao dd Ngoai giao due tac phong cong nghiep lao dpng, phat then hdng thu nghe va kha nang van dung vao tdng hoan canh, cd thdi quen lam viec cd ke hoach va biet gid gin ve sinh moi trddng lao ddng - Doan nien cua trddng la bp phan quan trong he thdng GDHN cua nha trddng, la Idc Iddng thdc hien chu trddng, ke hoach cua nha trddng ve giao due li tddng cho HS, nhat la ddi vdi HS dan tpc npi tru viec giao due li tddng vi cpng ddng, vi Idi ich cua que hddng lang ban bang cac phddng thdc sdi ndi, thiet thdc 2.6 Thuc hien xa hpi hoa giao due viec phoi hpp, lien ket vdi cac sd, phdng Lao ddng Thuong binh va Xa hoi, cac trung tam day nghe, cac td chut, cosdsan xuat doanh KHGD so 52, thdng - 2010 nghiep cung thuc hien muc tieu dao tao ngudi lao dong trudc het lay HS tucac trudng PTDTNT, dap ung yeu cau phat then kinh texa hdi d vung dan tpc - Huy dpng mpi Idc Idpng xa hpi tham gia vao cong tac GDHN theo phddng cham Nha nddc va nhan dan cung lam de giai quyet van de: hd trp vat Idc, tai Idc cho GDHN, de tao nguon dao tao can bp dan tpc thieu sd va sd dung hpp li HS tot nghiep trddng - Chuan bi cho xa hpi mpt Idc Iddng nien cd trinh dp, cd hieu biet ve khoa hpc - kT thuat, sin sang di vao cupc song lao dpng, lam can bp cap co sd vdi thai dp lao dpng dung dan, cd long yeu nghe, cd tinh than phuc vu que hdong ban lang, cd y thdc gid gin ban sac van hoa dan tpc - Huy dpng ddpc cac Idc Idpng xa hpi tham gia GDHN cho HS thdng qua tuyen truyen - Sau chpn lpc phan luong HS, hieu trddng td chdc cac Idp hpc ngoai khoa theo chdOng trinh giao due chuyen biet - Lien ket vdi Trung tam kT thuat tdng hpp hddng nghiep de lam cac trac nghiem chuyen sau ve tam li va nang Idc nghe cho HS - Tham mdu cho cap uy, chinh quyen cac huyen, xa cd HS dddc dao tao tai trddng ve sd dung HS tot nghiep To chdc td't viec ban giao HS cho chinh quyen cac huyen, xa bang each ban giao cu the ve nang Idc cua tdng HS va nhdng kien thdc, kT nang HS da dddc chua'n bi cho cong viec lam can bp xa de chinh quyen cd hddng chpn Ida va sd dung dung vdi nang Idc cua cac em TAI Ll£U THAM KHAO Sao cao cua cac trudng thong dan tpc npi tru tinh tir nam 2006 2009 Bao cao cua cac trudng thdng dan tdc ndi tru huyen tif nam 2006 2009 SUMMARY The author presents the status of streaming studen of boarding school for ethnic minorities, pros and co through which basic solutions for streaming in board schools in coming times have been proposed 39 ... khoang 20% so HS phai ve dia phddng chda dddc qua dao tao nghe 7,5% - Viec thdc hien chi tieu tuyen sinh TCCN he cd tuyen hang nam deu khong du so vdi chi tieu dddc giao trung binh chi dat 64% Trong... khdng mudn cho em di hoc TCCN vi loai hinh dao tao chua that hap dan so vdi cao ding, dai hpc + Hpc sinh dan tpc tot nghiep THPT dat loai kha gidi ddpc cd tuyen hoac thi vao cao dang va dd bi dai... vien chu nhiem la ngddi gan gui vdi cac em hon ca, va anh hddng dac biet tdi nhan thdc va nhan sinh quan cua HS - Bdi dddng chuyen mon - nghiep vu cho giao vien lam cong tac GDHN la bdi dddng