m i fn Nghien cull Khoa hoc Gido due KiNH NGHICM CAC QUOC Glfl V€ XUflT NHIIP KHHU G I R O D U C D A I H O C v n B R ! H O C C H O VICT N A M • • • • • • TS LE PHlrtJC MINH Hoc vien Quan li giao due 1[.]
m i fn Nghien cull Khoa hoc Gido due KiNH NGHICM CAC QUOC Glfl V€ XUflT NHIIP KHHU G I R O D U C D A I H O C v n B R ! H O C C H O VICT N A M • • • • • • TS LE PHlrtJC MINH Hoc vien Quan li giao due Bdi canh va sir nhan thdc Vao nhdng nam cudi the ki 20, dau the ki 21, d Viet Nam ngudi ta tranh luan gay gat ve viec cd hay khong khai niem 'dich vu giao due"; "dich vu giao due cd phai la hang hda?"; "cd hay khong thi trddng giao due?", hay "trddng la trddng chd khong phai la chd'; "cd hay khong khai niem xuat nhap khau giao due?" thi nhieu qudc gia da tien kha xa va cang khang dinh vi the va chd dung tren thi trddng giao due qudc te va, tiec thay, d tai "thi trddng giao due Viet Nam" Trddng dai hoc nao "chao" cang hay va phu hop vdi sinh vien ngoai qudc thi cang hap dan va thu hut sinh vien, dd cd sinh vien Viet Nam, va dT nhien sinh vien Viet Nam cd nhieu sd Ida chon hdn cho minh, thay vi trddc day chi cd mot Ida chon nhat la cac trddng cong lap nddc Nhd vay, ma chung ta chda thdng nhat vdi ve khai niem thi "ngddi tieu dung" cua cac "dich vu giao due qudc te" da mua "san pham" d tai Viet Nam (gia thap hdn) hoSc d chinh qudc "san xuat" "dich vu giao due" (gia cao hdn) Nhieu nha giao due va quan li cho rang cac trddng dan lap tai Viet Nam (dddc hinh td gida nhdng nSm 90) la Ida chon thd hai cho cac thi sinh sau chiu thua cac cupc tranh dua de vao cac trddng cong lap Thdc te la cac thi sinh luon xem cd hoi theo hoc cac chddng trinh qudc te (trong nddc hoac nddc ngoai) la Ida chon mong ddi thd hai, nhien rao can ve kha nSng chi tra da nhanh chdng dda ho den Ida chon thd ba la cac trddng dai hoc dan lap nddc Nhdng thi sinh may man xuat than td nhdng gia dinh cd dieu kien dau td cho em minh thddng di td Ida chon du hoc nddc ngoai den du hoc tai chd nham tiet kiem sinh hoat phi vdi sd chap nhan chat lddng "hang hai" KHGD so 56, thdng - 2010 so vdi viec theo hoc tai trddng dai hoc d nddc ngoai Chinh sach cua cac qudc gia nham nang cao sdc canh tranh, md rong thj trddng xuat khau Thdc tien d cac qudc gia khac nhd the nao? Tren the gidi, hai xu hddng Idn ve toan cau hoa va canh tranh giao due dai hoc da thda man ca doi ben O cac qudc gia phat trien, dddng nhd xu the toan cau hda va canh tranh dien khdc Met hdn Cac chinh tri gia Ode cd the rat sin long nhddng bo cho cac trddng dai hoc dang qua tai cua nddc nay, vi du nhd viec lam cham lai tien dp tang hpc phi, vi mot sd li chinh trj, nhdng hp khong the ngan can nhdng sinh vien Ode khong hai long vdi chinh sach (hoac tham chi vi li chat Iddng) tim dddng sang Anh du hpc, ndi cd chat Iddng dao tad dai hpc va moi trddng hpc tap tot hdn nhieu Mot ndi cd truyen thdng va moi trddng hpc tap bac nhat chau Au nhd Anh qudc cung da cd nhdng phan dng manh me vdi xu the toan cau hda, va ket qua la xuat hien cac chinh sach bao trd giao due dai hpc nddc Chinh phu Anh da cd chu trddng, tham chi ep bupc, cac trddng dai hpc tot nhat cua Anh tang hpc phi, ben canh dd lam "khd de" vdi quy trinh nhap hpc de mot mat van thu hut dddc nguon Ipi td sinh vien qudc te, td cac nddc phat then va dang phat then, cang dd xo den Anh hpc tap (rieng vdi sinh vien den td cac nddc dang phat then cd muc dich kiem dddc mot cdng viec thich hdp sau tot nghiep tai Anh) Mat khac, chinh phu cung mudn giup cac sinh vien ngheo tai Anh cd the canh tranh va kiem dddc chd hpc Nhdng mot thdc te da xay ra, chinh phu Anh qudc da khong the ngan can Iddng sinh vien giau cd va thong minh Khoa hoc Gido due nhat tai Anh chuyen sang du hoc d My, noi ma cac sinh vien co nhieu han cac chon Ida, cung nhu mot moi trirdng hpc tap va sinh hoat day nang dpng rat phu hdp vdi Ida tudi sinh vien Trong dd, vi qua lo ngai ve nan khung bd, cac chinh tri gia My that chat hdn luat le cap visa khien cac trddng dai hpc cua My phai chiu thiet hai nguon chat xam tot nhat dd sang cac qudc gia xuat khau giao due khac Cac qudc gia nhd 0c New Zealand, gan day la Singapore, dang rat nang dpng thu hut, quang cao, tao mpi dieu kien thuan Idi de trd ndi den cd nhieu hda hen cho sinh vien du hpc Odn gian vi toan cau hoa da tao dieu kien cho vdn va sdc lao dpng cd kha nang tim cho minh mot thi trddng tot nhat, va dieu tddng td cung dang dien vdi sinh vien, vdi giao due dai hpc, va Viet Nam khong the la mot ngoai le Da cd khoang 112.000 sinh vien tdkhSp ndi cua chau Au hpc tap tai Anh nam qua nhdng Idpng sinh vien tSng nhanh nhat khong phai den td chau Au ma la Trung Qudc Ket qua cua tdc dp tang len 50% mdi nam la ke td cudi thap ki 90 cua the ki 20 den 2008 da cd chdng 38.000 sinh vien Trung Qudc den day Hpi ddng Anh - mot to chdc ddpc tai trd bdi chinh phu chuyen quang ba nen van hoa Anh - dda tinh toan rang so cd the gap doi vao nam 2010 Sinh vien Trung Qudc den Anh bdi vi he thdng giao due dai hpc cua Trung Qudc phat then nhanh nhdng van khong dat ve chat Iddng, ma chat Idpng chinh la dieu hp tim kiem Theo mot bao cao gan day cua Phong Thddng mai Hoa Ky tai Viet Nam dang tren http://www 17.24h com vn/news./php/261 /208515 thi cac trddng dai hpc cua My vao thj trddng Viet Nam de tuyen sinh phai canh tranh manh me vdi cac ddi thu chau A, nhat la Singapore Chinh phu Singapore nhdng nam qua da tien hanh nhieu bien phap nham bien nddc trd mot trung tarn dao tao mang tarn cd the gidi Song song vdi viec dda he thdng kiem dinh va dam bao chat Iddng qudc gia de danh gia chat Idpng dao tao cua cac td chdc dao tao Singapore va bao ve quyen Ipi cua sinh vien qudc te chinh phu da ap dung nhieu bien phap Nghien md cho phep cac trddng dai hpc cua Singapore dddc tuyen sinh vien qudc te ma trddc dd chi cd sinh vien Singapore mdi dddc theo hpc, vi du nhd Dai hpc Quan li Singapore (SIM) va mot so trddng khac He thdng cac trddng dai hpc td thuc Singapore cung nhd cac td chdc giao due - dao tao dpc lap khac da tien hanh cac chddng trinh dao tao lien ket vdi cac trddng dai hpc tai My, Anh va Uc vdi chat Iddng dao tao va bang cap tddng dddng nhd hpc tai cac nddc Cac trddng Singapore chu xay ddng mot moi trddng hpc tap va chat Iddng dao tao hien dai va mang tinh thdc tien cao nhat de sinh vien sau tot nghiep cd the canh tranh manh me cdng viec sau Mot dieu khong the khong ndi den la thdi gian de lay dddc mot tarn bang tdong dddng so vdi hpc tai Anh, My dddc rut ngan it nhat la mot nam cac trddng Singapore tang thdi gian hpc nam va giam thdi gian nghi gida ki Ve chi phi, chi bang mot phan ba chi phi so vdi hpc tai Anh hoac My, hpc sinh Viet Nam da cd the tot nghiep va lay ddpc mot bang dai hpc hoac cao hpc cua mot trddng ding cap the gidi Ben canh dd, sinh vien nddc ngoai den hpc tap tai Singapore dddc vay tien de chi tra cho nhdng chi phi can thiet ve sinh hoat va hpc tap Sau tot nghiep vdi ket qua hpc tap cao, nhdng cd nhan "ngoai" phai cam ket lam viec cho mot cdng ty nao dd cua Singapore it nhat la nam de tra nd Dieu thdc sd la mot cd hpi hiem cd cho cac Idu hpc sinh den td cac qudc gia ngheo gia dinh ngheo, dd cd Viet Nam Ldi the cudi cung la vi tri dia li gan gui Viet Nam va nen van hoa mang tinh A Ddng cung giup cho sinh vien Viet Nam de dang hoa nhap vao moi trddng kinh doanh nddc trd ve phat huy dddc the manh cua minh Nhd vay, ca cac trddng dai hpc cua My vao Viet Nam tuyen sinh va dda cac chddng trinh hpc bong cung phai tinh den nhdng Idi the khd vddt qua dddc tren day cua Singapore Vi cac nddc canh tranh de xua't khau giao due? Mot cau hdi dat ra, vay thi cac qudc gia dua tranh xuat kha'u giao due dai hpc se ddpc nhan gi? Cd gi khac biet gida xuat khau giao due KHGD sd 56, thdng - 201C Khoa hoc Gido due VZ cTai hpc tai cho va xuat khau giao due dai hpc xuyen bien gidi? Bd'i vdi trddng hdp du hpc sinh den hpc dai hpc tai cac qudc gia, ngoai viec hp phai ddng hpc phi cao hon nhieu so vdi sinh vien cung khoa ngddi ban dia, thddng td Ian den Ian, tao mot nguon thu rat Idn cho trddng dai hpc, dddc vi nhd "con ga de trdng vang" cho cac trddng Tuy nhien, dieu thupc rat nhieu vao tinh hap dan cua nganh nghe, dieu kien dia li va moi trddng hpc tap, kha nang marketing thu hut sinh vien, tham chi nhieu du hpc sinh chpn trddc ten phd cua nddc minh mudn den du hpc trddc chpn ten trddng dai hpc Ben canh dd, ngoai viec cd dddc nguon thu quan nay, hau het cac trddng dai hpc deu mudn cd dddc mot ti le sinh vien qudc te den td nhieu qudc gia, nhd la mot minh chdng tot nhat cho sd tien phong ve "toan cau hda" va dem lai danh tieng cho nha trddng Nhieu so cac trddng cd "con ga de trdng vang" da khon ngoan trich mot ti le nguon thu de cap hpc bong thu hut sinh vien gidi va de "nhd mdi" va tang quy md tuyen sinh qudc te Ten tudi nha trddng cung vdi ti le sinh vien gidi va phddng thdc tuyen sinh va hd trp tuyen sinh nang dpng da va dang la cac Idc hut manh nhat cua mdi trddng dai hpc Vi sd gidi han ve quy md tai cac tru sd chinh nen khong it cac trddng da tim den giai phap md nhieu cd sd d nddc ngoai tai cac nddc chau A, A Rap va Bong Au Bong thdi, ddi vdi sinh vien thi viec du hpc tai cho re hdn nhieu, va vay cd them nhieu phu huynh du sdc trang trai cho em hp theo hpc, so vdi viec du hpc nddc ngoai Them vao dd, cung tddng td nhd cac hoat dpng dau tdnddc ngoai khac, Idi ich cua viec md them cd sd tai cac nddc dang phat then cung la giai phap nham tang quy mo tuyen sinh sinh vien qudc te nhdng ddng thdi tiet kiem chi phi, thong qua viec sd dung dich vu va nhan cdng re hdn, va vay dem den nhieu Idi ich kinh te hdn cho cac trddng dai hpc Tuy nhien, mot thdc te la khac vdi cac hoat dpng dau td san xuat san pham vat chat, ndi chat Iddng san pham hang hda khong thay ddi so vdi viec san xuat nddc, thi dich vu giao due dai hpc da dddng nhd tao mot chat Idpng "hang hai" md them cac KHGD so 56, thdng - 2010 cd sd d nddc ngoai Bay la mot cai gia phai tra ma mot so trddng dai hpc danh tieng da khong the danh ddi Ngay ca Bai hpc Oxford, trddng dai hpc lau ddi nhat cua Anh, cung dang cd ke hoach tiep thi hien dai hdn hinh anh cua minh nddc ngoai Bieu chda cd tien le vi trddc day, John Hood - phd hieu trddng Bai hpc Oxford - ndi rang "chung toi chd dpi sinh vien nddc ngoai tim den chung toi" Tuy nhien, thddng thi dieu khach hang mong mudn cd lai khong phai nhdng gi ma cac trddng dai hpc cd the cung cap Cac trddng dai hpc Anh qudc dang canh tranh de thich dng mpi yeu cau, td chddng trinh giang day cho den ddi song xa hpi cua sinh vien nham thda man nhu cau cua sinh vien den tdcac nen van hoa khac Trddng dai hpc Texas (My) dang tang cddng "mdi day than tinh" vdi Bai hpc London (Anh) bang each mua lai mot toa nha rpng khu hpc xa va trao ddi sinh vien, nhan vien va ca chddng trinh hpc Trddc day, mot khoa hpc, mot giao vien day va kiem tra sinh vien cua minh Thong thddng thi neu ban mudn cd bang cua Bai hpc Cambridge ban phai hpc tai Cambridge Hien thi khong, va neu nhin td gdc dp kinh doanh, ro rang day la mot cd hpi khong tdi dang bi lang phi Mot trddng dai hpc cd the kiem tra mot Iddng sinh vien nhieu hdn la so Iddng ma hp thdc sd day va vdi mot thddng hieu manh hp cd the kinh doanh dda tren danh tieng ve chat Iddng bang each cap giay phep cho ngddi khac giang day cac khoa hpc cua hp Nhd vay, cung gidng nhd nhdng cdng ty nganh cong nghiep san xuat 20 nam trddc, cac trddng dai hpc dang chu den kinh doanh tao Idi nhuan Gan day, Bai hpc Oxford tiet Ip nhdng ke hoach nham cat giam chi tieu cho sinh vien dai hpc nddc (ndi ma chinh phu ap dat gia/dau sinh vien), ddng thdi tang cddng so Iddng sinh vien cao hpc va sinh vien nddc ngoai (ndi ma quy dinh mdc hpc phi da ddpc bai bd) Cac trddng dai hpc khac cua Anh qudc cung se sdm di theo each Bai hoc kinh nghiem cho Viet Nam Mpt so cau hdi dat ra, lieu Viet Nam cd the Khoa hoc Gido due thdc hien ddpc chu trddng di tat don dau? Lieu chung ta cd the chuyen sang chpn loc, chi nhap khau nhdng dich vu giao due cd chat Iddng dich thdc, va tdng bddc xay ddng cac dich vu giao due nddc thay the nhap khau, hddng den xuat khau dich vu giao due cd thddng hieu Viet Nam? Theo y kien nhieu nha giao, can bp quan li va cac chuyen gia nghien cdu, Viet Nam hoan toan cd the tra Idi dddc cac cau hdi neu tren, tdc la chung ta hoan toan cd the di tat ddn dau, hoan toan cd the thay the mot phan dich vu giao due nhap khau va hddng den xuat khau cac dich vu giao due cd Idi the cua Viet Nam Mudn vay, chung ta can phai thdc hien mot loat cac bien phap, cu the nhd sau: 4.1 Ve ca che chinh sach, tren cd sd nghien cdu danh gia tac dpng cua WTO va GATS ddi vdi thi trddng d|ch vu giao due dai hpc Viet Nam sau ba nam ke td gia nhap WTO, Nha nddc sdm ban hanh cac van ban mdi ve viec lap va hoat dpng cua cac td chdc giao due nddc ngoai tai Viet Nam, va bd sung cac hddng dan cho cac van ban hien hanh de phu hdp hdn vdi dieu kien thdc te cua Viet Nam theo hddng chu dpng, tich ede khuyen khich, thu hut cac ddi tac tiem nang dau td, lien ket vdi cac cd sd giao due dai hpc Viet Nam Nha nddc can chu xayddng cac van ban phap quy theo cd che thj trddng cho djch vu giao due nham bao dam chat Iddng djch vu, bao ve khach hang G6 bd dan td tddng bao hp (cho cac trddng cdng lap kern chat Iddng hien nay), chap nhan canh tranh nddc va qudc te, han che dan quan niem binh quan chu nghTa cap quota dao tao Tdng bddc xay ddng nhdng quy dinh md cda va td hda nhieu hdn cho dich vu giao due dai hpc 4.2 Ve phan bo ngan sach va dau tu, Nha nddc can can ddi dau td toan bp he thdng, cd chinh sach va don bay kinh te khuyen khich (qua cd che du tien dau td) cac trddng dai hpc Viet Nam tich ede hpi nhap chuan chat Iddng dao tao dai hpc qudc te va khu vdc trddc mat bang kiem dinh va xep loai npi bp, tien tdi kiem djnh khu vdc va qudc te Ud tien dau td cd diem cho cac trddng dai hpc cd kha nang xuat khau dich vu giao due dai hoc Viet Nam (thong qua thu hut dddc nhieu sinh vien qudc te den hpc tai Viet Nam) Chi vdi du tien dau td cd diem thi chung ta mdi nhanh chdng co cac trddng dai hpc qudc te mang nhan hieu Viet Nam, cd chat Iddng cao cd kha nang dap dng nhu cau du hpc tai chd thu hdt sinh vien va hpc sinh nddc ngoai, trddc het la td cac nddc lang gieng va khu vdc Ben canh dd, rut kinh nghiem td mo hinh phat trien cac khu cong nghiep, Nha nddc dau td xay ddng cac cd sd tang va mat bang de hap dan va thu hut cac dai hpc nghien cdu, dai hpc cd dang cap qudc te dau td vao Viet Nam Oay la bien phap ma mot so qudc gia da ap dung nham thu hut cac dai hpc cong lap cd uy tin td cac nddc phat then vi cac trddng khong cd du Idc (hoac khong dddc phep) dau td md chi nhanh d qudc gia khac 4.3 Ve khuyen khich md rpng hpp tac song phuong ddi vdi cac trudng dai hpc Viet Nam, vdi phddng cham tang cddng td chu va td chju trach nhiem, khuyen khich, tac dieu kien cho tat ca cac cd sd giao due dai hpc Viet Nam, Ida chpn mui nhpn du tien cua tdng trddng de lien ket dao tao qudc te, nhanh chdng dng dung chddng trinh tien tien, phddng phap dao tao hien dai cua cac dai hpc nddc ngoai nham nang cao vi the, thddng hieu cua cac dai hpc Viet Nam, tao cd hpi xuat khau chat xam, chuyen gia, tiep nhan hdp ddng nghien cdu cua cac cd sd giao due nddc ngoai, tien tdi xuat khau djch vu giao due Viet Nam 4.4, Ve khuyen khich cac ca nhan va cong ddng xa hpi dau tu cho giao due dai hpc cO chat lupng cao d nuoc, Nha nddc can sdm ban hanh cac chinh sach bao ve ngddi hpc, cd khung chinh sach che tai manh ddi vdi nhdng hanh vi Ida ddi ngddi hpc, dam bao sd phat then ben vdng lien ket qudc te ve giao due va dao tao nham nhanh chdng tiep nhan va chuyen giao cac djch vu giao due dai hpc xuyen qudc gia cd chat Iddng phu hdp nham bao ve Idi ich ngddi hpc va Idi ich qudc gia 4.5 Ve chinh sach dieu tiet luong di chuyen tu nhien cua sinh vien Viet Nam du hpc nddc KHGD sd 56, thdng - 2010 •Khoa hoc Gido due ngoai hay du hpc tai cho ma ngddi dupe thu hpc phi la cac trddng dai hpc nddc ngoai, chfnh phu can cd cd che khuyen khfch phat huy npi Idc, du tien phat then mot so ft cac trddng dai hpc (hoac khoa mot trddng) dap dng ddpc nhu cau hoc khac biet, dac biet la nhu cau hpc tap d mdc chat Idpng cao vdi kha nang sin sang chi tra cua sinh vien va phu huynh Ben canh dd, song song ap dung tin dung sinh vien d mdc cao va cap hpc bong de cac sinh vien xuat sac cua Viet Nam theo hpc cac trddng dai hpc thddng hieu Viet Nam, thay vi hau nhd tat ca cac hpc sinh, sinh vien xuat sac nhat cua Viet Nam hien dang theo cac chddng trinh hpc bong hap dan cua cac qudc gia va hpc bong cua cac trddng dai hpc danh tieng tren the gidi Chinh sach dieu tiet cua chinh phu se gdp phan lam giam thieu van nan "chay mau chat xam" thong qua cac chddng trinh hpc bong nddc ngoai hoac chddng trinh hpc bong theo kieu "nhd cac mam tot" cua Viet Nam ve ddm tai trddng dai hpc nddc ngoai Cd nhd vay, nang Idc canh tranh cua giao due dai hpc Viet Nam mdi dddc nang cao, tao tien de de Viet Nam cd the thay the mot phan dich vu giao due dai hpc qudc te d nddc, tien tdi xuat khau dich vu giao due dai hpc Viet Nam sang cac nddc khu vdc va tren the gidi TAI Ll£U THAM KHAO TIM HIEU (Tiep theo trang 4) len chu nghia xa hpi, ddng thdi lam hau thuan cho viec dau tranh thdng nhat nddc nha Nhiem vu each mang mdi doi hdi phai chuan bi nguon nhan Idc mdi va can tien hanh mot cupc cai each giao due mdi hien dai hdn va quy md to Idn hdn Day la thdi ki Chu tjch Hd Chi Minh phat bieu nhieu nhat ve cac van de giao due sudt cupc ddi hoat dong cua Ngddi va chi dao cupc cai each giao due Ian thd nam 1956 thing Idi Thang 3/1956 Oe an "Cai each giao due" Ian thd II dddc Hpi ddng Chinh phu thdng qua Nhd vay, giao due da dien theo quy luat: Giao due gin lien vdi sd phat then kinh te - xa hpi Hon nda the ki qua, td tddng giao due Hd Chi Minh da la kirn chi nam cho viec xay ddng KHGD sd 56, thdng - 2010 Bd Giao due va dao tao, De an doi mdi giao due dai ho Viet Nam giai doan 2006-2020, Ha Ndi thang 11 nam 2005 Nghi Quyet ve "Doi mdi co ban va toan dien giao du dai hoc Viet Nam giai doan 2006 - 2020", sd 14/2005/NQ-CP cua Chinh phu ban hanh 2/11/05 Vu Ngpc Hai, Dich vu giao due dai hoc xuyen bien gid va nhCrng tac ddng den giao due dai hoc Viet Nam, chi Cong san so 13 (181) nam 2009-07-02 Pham 06 Nhat Tien, Phat then giao due dai hoc Viet Nam boi canh mdi, Nghien cuu trao doi, sd (125) nam 2007 Nguyen Kim Dung, He qua cua chat Iwgng va thwong mai: sir twong tac giCra hdi nhap ve chuan chat Iwgn tiep thi GD DH Viet Nam, Ki yeu Dien dan "Gia nhap WTO va Ddi mdi GDOH Viet Nam", Ha Ndi, 1112/12/2006 Sharing Quality Higher Education Across Borders: A Checklist for Good Practice, www.aucc.ca/qa/ pdf/crossborder checklist e.pdf SUMMARY These recent years, we all know, via various kinds of public media, there are many debates on the roles of import and export of higher education The question is w universities/colleges are very active to recruit more inter tional students? Do their governments have policies on This paper tries to describe the international and local c text and the trend of import and export of higher educati and concludes by some suggestions to bring more achievement for Vietnamese higher education he thdng giao due qudc dan Idn manh, trddng vddt bac, phuc vu tich cut va cd hieu qua sd nghiep khang chien, kien qudc va xay ddng CNXH cua nhan dan ta Ngay nay, dan tpc ta dang cung loai ngddi bddc vao mot nen van minh mdi, dang ddng trddc nhdng van hpi va thach thdc mdi Td tddng giao due Hd Chi Minh can ddpc phat trien dieu kien mdi de diu dlt dan tpc ta sanh vai cung nam chau, bdn bien, tien len phia trddc nhd Bac Hd mong dpi SUMMARY President Ho Chi Minh did pay special attention t education Throughout his life he made more than 140 speeches and writings about education in various perio Based on these Ho Chi Minh's speeches and writings th author characterizes the thoughts on education and plac them in chronological order ... 2010 Bd Giao due va dao tao, De an doi mdi giao due dai ho Viet Nam giai doan 2006-2020, Ha Ndi thang 11 nam 2005 Nghi Quyet ve "Doi mdi co ban va toan dien giao du dai hoc Viet Nam giai doan... ket lam viec cho mot cdng ty nao dd cua Singapore it nhat la nam de tra nd Dieu thdc sd la mot cd hpi hiem cd cho cac Idu hpc sinh den td cac qudc gia ngheo gia dinh ngheo, dd cd Viet Nam Ldi the... trddng d|ch vu giao due dai hpc Viet Nam sau ba nam ke td gia nhap WTO, Nha nddc sdm ban hanh cac van ban mdi ve viec lap va hoat dpng cua cac td chdc giao due nddc ngoai tai Viet Nam, va bd sung