K noa noc laiao auc D O I D I E U S U Y N G H I V E T R I E T U V A D O I M O I T U D U Y G I A O D U C T R O N G T H O I K l D O I M O I 1 Dat van de 7 7 Thuat ngti Trong ngQ he La tinh co thuat ngQ[.]
K.noa noc laiao auc DOI DIEU S U Y NGHI VE TRIET U V A D O I M O I T U D U Y GIAO DUC TRONG THOI Kl D O I M O I GS.VS PHAM MINH HAC Hoi Khoa hgc Tam li-Giao due Viet Nam Dat van de 7.7 Thuat ngti Trong ngQ he La tinh co thuat ngQ "Philosophy", tuong ctQOng ta co thuat ngQ "Triet hpc" va "Triet If" Triet hpc, nhQ chung ta biet, la mpt khoa hpc ve nguon goc cua vat chat va tinh than , "triet If", theo TQ dien tie'ng Viet, Vien Ngon ngQ hpc (2007), "cai Ii sau xa ma phai vay cua mpi li do, mpi sp vat tren ddi" Npi dung "Triet li giao due", tQOng dQdng ngQ he La tinh cd "Philosophy of Education" hay "Educational Philosophy", theo tQ dien nQdc ngoai (Bach khoa thQ Stanford Vikipedia), la mpt phan mdn cua triet hpc van dung vao giao due tao nen cac t u tudng giao due, xac dinh each tiep can cac van de thupc linh vpc giao due, nhu danh gia vai trd cua giao due, ban chat cua cdng viec giao due, qua trinh giao due, dudng Idi, chinh sach phat trien giao due, npi dung, chuong trinh giao due, phuong phap giao due, v.v Xem tien trinh phat trien giao due tQng thdi ki d nude ta cd cac to khdng, nhat la cac tQ tudng ve giao due danh gia vai trd cua giao due, dQdng Idi phat trien giao due, cac chinh sach van hanh he thdng giao due, chung ta se thay triet li giao due Viet Nam 7.2 Thdi si/ ft nam nay, ban luan ve nen giao due nQdc nha, da luan xa hpi tren cac phuong tien thdng tan, bao chi ndi nhieu den "triet li giao duc"cuata;cd the tdm tat loai y kien: (1) Sd di tinh hinh giao due cua chung ta nhu hien (y ndi gan nhU phu dinh, cd den mQc phu dinh sach tron tpu giao due may chuc nam qua), la vi khdng cd triet li giao due; (2) NgUpc lai, ghi nhan tpu, ddng thdi thay nhQng bat cap cua giao due nUdc nha, khang djnh nhd cd triet li giao due phu hpp ma cd dUpc he thong giao due nay; (3) Trong thdi ki doi mdi, nhat la sau 25 nam da dat dupe nhieu ket qua to Idn va quan trpng, chung ta phai xem xet lai triet If giao due trUdc day va xay dpng (cai tien, bo sung, thay doi, hoan thien) mpt triet li giao due thich hpp vdi thdi Sau day la mpt sd suy nghi ban dau cua chung tdi, hi vpng gdp phan lam sang td va'n de Triet If giao due Viet Nam 2.7 Tit Cach mgng Thang Tam 1945 Cach mang Thang Tam 1945 md Thdi dai Anh sang cua nQdc ta Khd cd cd the phu nhan spthat Nhieu tac gia, dd cd tdi, da neu len cac tpu 65 nam cua nen giao due Viet Nam Cac to chdc giao due qudc te cung nhQ cac nha nghien cQu giao due nhieu nQdc deu da ghi nhan nhuvay (Pham Minh Hac, 2010)\TQ khang djnh khach quan dd, dieu quan trpng la di den khang djnh ve triet If giao due cua Thdi dai Anh sang Viet Nam, manh nha tQ Ddng kinh nghia thuc (1905), rdi Truyen ba qudc ngQ (1938), noi bat tQ Hd Chi Minh va Dang Cpng san Viet Nam, Cach mang Thang Tam, cho den thdi la mpt ddng lien tuc phat trien, phuc vu cdng cupc xay dpng va bao veTo quoc 2.2 Triet ligiao due Ho Chi Minh Nhieu nha nghien cQu da viet vetQ tQdng Ho Chi Minh, ca nQdc lan ngoai nQdc, nhat la nam nhan djp ki niem 120 nam sinh cua NgQdi, nhieu tac gia viet ve de tai Ho Chi Minh ve giao due, giao suThai Duy Tuyen da dem dUpc 144 lan Bac viet va ndi ve giao due, rieng tdi cung tham gia ddng gdp chut it (Pham Minh Hac, 2003; Thai Duy Tuyen, 2007) Chung ta deu nhd den thupc Idng cau Bac ndi "NhQng nhiem vu cap bach cua Nha nQdc Viet Nam Dan chu Cpng hda KHGD so 66, thang - 2011 Hghien -Khoa hoc Giao due uu- 3-9-1945: "Mot dan tdc dot la mdt dan tdc yeu" cd y nghia vd cung khai quat Bac goi la "nan dot" - chd "ddt" cd nghia rat rong, t d mu chd, den hoc tha'p, it hpc, ma bien hpc thi vd cung, bay gid cd "mu may tmh", "mu ngoai ngu", v.v , cd cd hpc ma dot khdng biet giai quye't van de, khdng biet xir tri, nen t d nam dd Bac da gpi la "giac dot", ma da la giac thi nd cd the giet minh Mudn het, ndi dung hon, bdt ddt, can ca nen hpc van va biet van dung thfch hpp giai quye't van de Dan ta da thoat nan mu chd, da cap giao due phd thdng co sd, trinh dp dan tri da dupe nang cao, sdc manh tinh than dUpc nang len rd ret, biet phat huy sdc manh vat chat, nen ta da thang ke thu xam lupc, da cdng budc dau cdng cudc doi mdi, nhung hien giao due dang gap biet bao khd khan, nhieu "diem ddt", "diem ye'u" anh em chung ta vd cung tran trd Trong thu gdi hpc sinh nhan khai trudng sau Tuyen ngdn Ddc lap 2-9-1945, Hd Chu tich da dUa ca mpt minh triet giao due nUdc nha vdi tinh than chu dao la giao due "ngUdi cdng dan tdt, ngudi can bp tdt", cung tha'y dUpc: NgUdi dat nhiem vu cua nUdc Viet Nam dan chu cpng hda la phai xay dpng "mpt nen giao due cua mpt nQdc dpc lap mpt nen giao due hoan toan Viet Nam " vdi sQ menh "lam phat trien hoan toan nhQng nang Ipc san cd cua cac em" NgQdi da xac dinh vai trd epe ki quan trpng cua giao due ddi vdi sp phat trien dat nQdc: "Trong cdng cupc kie'n thiet nQdc nha trdng mong chd dpi d cac em rat nhieu Non sdng Viet Nam cd trd nen tQdi dep hay khdng, dan tpc Viet Nam cd bQdc tdi dai vinh quang de sanh vai vdi cac cUdng qudc hay khdng, chinh la nhd phan Idn d cdng hpc tap cua cac em" Sau muoi lam nam qua, dan ta, Dang ta da lam theo each suy nghi Dat nUdc dupe nhQ hdm nay, khdng the danh gia tha'p sp nghiep giao due theo tQ tudng Ho Chf Minh: mpt triet li sang sudt, phu hpp da dem lai ket qua tdt dep Sudt tQ 1945 den nay, nha't la may nam gan day (2006-2010) nganh ta tich epe hUdng Qng cudc van ddng hpc tap va lam theo tam guong dao dQc Hd Chi Minh Truyen thdng hieu hpc, tdn su trpng dao cua dan tpc Viet Nam la mdt ndi dung cua triet li KHGD so 66, thang - 2011 nhan sinh bao ddi cua ngudi Viet vdi t u tudng ve giao due cua Hd Chu tjch da dat dinh cao phat trien mdi 2.3 Cdc Dgi hpi Dang Theo triet If giao due Hd Chi Minh, Dang ta (cac van kien Dai hpi II, III, IV, V) va nhan dan ta theo truyen thdng hieu hpc (day cung la mpt npi dung quan trpng cua triet li giao due Viet Nam) da kien tri, lien tuc, ke ca nhQng nam thang khang chie'n vd cung ac liet, tich epe xay dpng va phat trien he thong giao due dan chu nhan dan (sau nam 1975 - he thong giao due cua nude Cpng hda Xa hpi Chu nghia Viet Nam) theo tinh chat "Dan tpc, Khoa hpc, Dai chung" bat dau tQ diet giac ddt - xoa mu chQ, roi cap giao due, coi trpng giao due thudng xuyen, dong thdi sdm bat tay xay dpng nen dai hpc Viet Nam, tat ca cac bac hpc, ke ca dai hpc (day tat ca cac mdn bang tie'ng Viet), qua cupc cai each giao due (1950,1956, 1979) va Doi mdi, xay dpng mpt he thdng giao due hoan chinh tQ mam non den sau dai hpc, theo dudi muc tieu giao due toan dien: dQc, trf, the, ml (can phan biet "nen giao due toan dien", "phat trien toan dien", "con ngudi toan dien" chung ta chu ye'u dang trien khai "nen giao due toan dien"); nguyen If giao due: (1) hpc di ddi vdi hanh; (2) giao due gan vdi lao dpng san xuat; (3) nha trQdng ke't hpp vdi xa hpi va gia dinh (theo ke't luan cua Dai hpi III, 1960) So ke't nam (1979 -1984) thpc hien cupc cai each giao due lan thQ ba, Dang da de xuat mpt phQdng hQdng mdi: xay dpng trudng thdng day kien thQc co ban, ki thuat tong hpp va day nghe (Pham Van Dong, 1984) 2.4 Triet Hgido due Viet Nam thai doi mdi Sau may thap ki chie'n tranh, nude ta roi vao tinh trang khung hoang lien 10 nam (1975 1985), ddi sdng rat epe kho, giao due nhieu noi kha lao dao (trudng vd tQng mang, giao vien bd day, hpc sinh bd hpc), Dai hpi VI (1986) Dang ta quyet dinh md thdi ki doi mdi da't nude, bat dau tQ doi mdi t u duy, dd cd doi mdi tQ giao due: Khac phuc cac quan niem phien dien ve giao due, nhu (1) chi coi giao due la mpt bp phan cua each mang t u tudng - van hoa, (2) coi giao due S Khoa hpc Giao due la phuc lpi don thuan, dau ta den dau hay den Hoi nghj Trung UOng khoa VII (1993) do; (3) tmh chat nha tradng chu ye'u han che Cung vdi mdt sd van de khac, Nghj quye't Hpi truyen thu tri thdc; (4) chua chu y thich nghj Trung uong khoa VII (1993) "Ve tiep tuc dang vai trd cua hpc sinh la mpt hai (cung doi mdi sp nghiep giao due - dao tao", khang vdi nha giao) chu the cua hoat dpng day - hpc; djnh dudng Idi coi "giao due - dao tao la qudc (5) chUa khang djnh that rd vai trd cua nha giao sach hang dau"; sQ menh cua sp nghiep giao nha tradng (Pham Minh Hac, 1996) Gida due - dao tao la "nang cao dan tri, dao tao nhan nhdng nam 1980 da van dung tam If hpc hoat Ipc, bdi dQdng nhan tai" nham muc tieu dao tao dpng, xac djnh qua trinh giao due va day hpc la nhQng ngQdi cd dQc, cd tai: cd kien thQc hoat dpng day - hpc, npi dung chuong trinh cac van hoa, khoa hpc, cd ki nang nghe nghiep; chu bp mdn d thdng gdm tri thdc, kT nang, thai trpng chat iQpng va hieu qua; theo nguyen li dp (day chQ, day nghe, day ngUdi; Bp Giao due, gan hpc va hanh Hoi nghj Trung Uong khoa VIII (1996) 1985,1990) Day la Hpi nghi dau tien cua toan khoa 10 tU tUdng chi dao va chuong trinh phat chuyen ban va nghj quyet ve giao due - dao trien giao due - dao tao TQ (mua he nam 1987), Dang da xac djnh tao va khoa hpc, cdng nghe, tiep tuc van dung 10 tu tudng chi dao va chuong trinh giQ vQng, vao cupc song dudng Idi, tutudng ve giao due cung cd, on dinh, phat trien sp nghiep giao due va dao tao cua Ho Chu tjch va Dang ta, Hpi nghi Trung Udng lan nhan manh t u tQdng: nhUsau: - Giao due tich epe phuc vusp nghiep xay dpng Cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda bang giao due - dao tao, khoa hpc, cdng nghe, dau t u cho va bao ve To quoc; giao due la dau t u Uu tien (qudc sach hang - Giao due la sp nghiep cua quan chung; - Ke hoach phat trien giao due la bp phan cua dau: Qu tien ve tai chfnh, ve can bp, ve chfnh sach) co ban, quan trpng nhat, phat trien giao ke hoach kinh te - xa hpi; - Chat lupng va hieu qua, trUdc mat va lau dai, due phai di trudc mpt budc, dat ke hoach phat trien giao due ke hoach phat trien kinh kjp thdi va ddn dau; - Phat trien theo vung, cap va nang cao, te - xa hpi mpt each gan bd chat che hon, chu y ca quy md, chat lupng, hieu qua Dang va Nha dai tra va mui nhpn; - Giao due toan dien, trd trd, hpc hoc; nude phai to chQc, quan If phat trien giao due - He thdng giao due da dang, linh hoat, dan - dao tao tdt hon, kien djnh chu trQOng khdng chu hoa giao due: dan chu hoa nha trUdng, dan thQdng mai hoa giao due, thpc hien cdng bang giao due chu hoa quan If giao due; - Thay thay, day day: cai each dao tao dai Nhin lai qua trinh phat trien giao due Viet Nam hpc va chuyen nghiep; cai thien co sd vat chat: 1945 - cuoi the ki XX, suy nghT'Tien tdi the ki XXI", trudng trUdng, Idp Idp; tdi de xua't phat trien giao due nude nha theo -Tang cUdng nghien cQu khoa hpc giao due, hudng: chuan hoa, hien dai hoa, dan chu hoa, xa nghien cQu khoa hpc - lao dpng san xua't hpi hoa, da dang hoa Y tudng da dUpc dQa Cuong ITnh Dang Cong san Viet Nam 1991 phuong cham Chien lupc giao due 2001 CQOng ITnh Dang Cpng san Viet Nam (1991) 2010 (trQ dan chu hoa) khang djnh tU tUdng lay "Con ngudi lam muc Luat Giao due (1998,2005,2009) tieu va dpng Ipc" cua toan bp cdng cupc phat Muc tieu giao due: dao tao ngudi Viet Nam trien da't nude theo li tudng "Dpc lap dan tpc, phat trien toan dien (dieu 2); tinh chat nen chu nghTa xa hpi" Theo dd, Dang va Nha nude giao due xa hpi chu nghTa: nhan dan, dan tpc, rat quan tam phat trien giao due (bao gdm ca khoa hpc, hien dai; nguyen If giao due (dieu 3); dao tao), coi giao due cung vdi giao thdng la ca npi dung bao dam tfnh co ban, toan dien, thie't sd tang cua kinh te - xa hpi, dau t u cho giao thpc, hien dai, he thdng (dieu 5), chfnh thQc hoa triet If cua nen giao due nQdc nha due la dau t u cho phat trien 5 10 KHGD so 66, thang - 2011 M M : iru- Gan day Bp GD&DT phat ddng phong trao xay dpng "Nha trudng than thien, hpc sinh tich epe"; Thu tudng quye't djnh ddi mdi quan li giao due dai hpc theo nguyen tac "tp chu, chiu trach nhiem" ("dai hpc t u tri" d chau Au tU nam 1155, den van thjnh hanh d nhieu nUdc); van kien Trung uong trinh Dai hdi XI lay dao tao nhan Ipc la khau dot pha thpc hien Chien lupc phat trien kinh te - xa hpi 2011 - 2020 phan anh nhdng net mdi doi mdi t u - triet If giao due nUdc nha vao thap ki thU hai cua the ki mdi 2.5 Mot de xuat Gia trj ban than - mot net dac trtfng triet if giao due thdi Cudi the ki XX, mpt so td chUc giao due qudc te, nhU UNESCO, UNICEF, va mpt sd nude to chdc hdi thao, lap mang, hinh co quan ve giao due gia trj Den nam 2006,To chdc giao due gia trj quoc te dUa 12 gia trj sdng: hoa binh, tdn trpng, yeu thuong, khoan dung, trung thpc, khiem tdn, hpp tac, hanh phuc, trach nhiem, gian dj, do, doan ke't, dUpc bien rpng rai, cd nhieu dp an to chdc giang day d nhieu nude nUdc ta mpt it trUdng, trung tam (trong cd Trung tam cua Hpi khoa hpc tam li - giao due Viet Nam) da bat dau tien hanh day "Gia trj sdng - Ki nang sdng" (cd ndi gon la day "Ki nang sdng") Sau mpt thdi gian (1991 - 2010), nghien cufu Gia trj hpc, tham khao kinh nghiem mpt so nUdc, tdi manh dan de xua't pham tru (khai niem cdng cu - tie'ng Anh: Paradigm) GlATRj BAN THAN nhu la mpt net mdi cua t u (triet IQ giao due thdi ki phat trien xa hpi vdi nen kinh te'thj trUdng djnh hudng xa hpi chu nghia, day manh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda, hpi nhap quoc te Tren co sd tiep tuc dudng Idi giao due Hd Chi Minh va Dang ta, phat huy truyen thdng hieu hpc cua dan ta, hon bao gid het vj tri ngudi dupe nang cao, phat trien ben vdng tiem nang ngudi, tan dung ngudn nhan Ipc dUpc dao tao cd tay nghe va luong tam nghe, lay ngudi tai lam dau tau, nhiem vu tam cua giao due la giup the he tre hinh thanh, phat trien, phat huy "gia tri ban than"-"lpc lupng ban chat"- tam Ipc, tri Ipc, the Ipc cua tUng ngUdi, tU cd ngudn nhan Ipc (nhan tai la dau tau) tao nen sdc manh KHGD so 66, thang - 2011 -Khoa hoc Giao due - npi Ipc - cua cdng ddng (gia dinh, xa hpi ) Giao due d day hieu theo nghia rpng, ca giao due nha trUdng, giao due gia dinh, giao due xa hdi, ca giao due va giao due (tuy Ida tudi, t u hinh thanh, phat trien, phat huy), ca giao due chinh quy va giao due thudng xuyen - giao due sudt ddi Nham vao muc dich dd, nen giao due cua chung ta thpc spla nen giao due nhan van, nhan ban: phat trien ben vQng ngudi, phat trien ben vdng cpng ddng, phat trien ben vdng qudc gia - dan tpc Gia trj ban than la gia trj sdng cua moi ngudi, bao gdm tam Ipc, tri Ipc, the Ipc - td hpp nang Ipc dupe xay dpng t d tri thUc, thai dp gia trj (nhan each) ki nang - hanh dpng, hanh vi tien hanh cac hoat dpng (hpc tap, lao dpng, nghi ngoi, hudng thu) bao dam cupc sdng (spton tai) cua ban than: thpc hien quyen sdng, quyen do, quyen mUu cau hanh phuc (Tuyen ngdn Dpc lap Hoa Ky -1776, Viet Nam -1945) la quyen co ban nha't cua ngudi cung la nhu cau co ban cua ngudi Gia tri ban than la "vdn" thpc Ipc - cac gia trj npi tai bao dam minh thoa man t d cac nhu cau co ban den cac nhu cau khac, cao nhat la nhu cau khang djnh minh Gia trj ban than hoat dpng cua chinh moi ngudi tao nen, song that vdi chinh minh, minh "Ipa chpn" muc dich, dpng co cua tdng cdng viec, tdng doan dudng ddi va ca cupc ddi, tpquye'tdjnh"than phan"cua minh, lam moi ngudi sdm cd (tat nhien theo Ida tuoi) va cang hoan thien dinh hudng gia trj dpng vien tinh tfch epe, chu dpng, sang tao Djnh hudng gia trj theo hudng tich epe xac djnh each tiep can (thai dp gia trj) vdi cac gia trj cua cpng dong (td gia dinh, trUdng hoc , dan tpc, nhan loai), cd tinh than trach nhiem vdi gia dinh va xa hpi Tren co sd do, xay dpng va phat trien quan diem coi trpng gia trj ban than, gia trj cua ngudi khac, cua tap the Biet danh gia va danh gia ngUdi khac, cpng ddng, xa hpi Dieu epe ki quan la hieu qua cua gia trj ban than, trUdc het chinh moi ngUdi phai phat huy tac dung cua gia trj ban than hpc tap, lao dpng, cuoc song , nhu la "lien he ngupc - feedback"trong dieu khien hpc, cang phat huy 11 tot - gia tri ban than cang nd 0" day cd van de mdi trudng cho gia tri ban than phat huy va phat trien: cpng dong, xa hpi cd coi trpng "nhan to ngUdi"trong phat trien xa hpi - kinh te hay khdng, va Nha nude (cac the che, che dp, chinh sach ) cd nham vao phat trien ben vdng ngudi, cd coi nguon nhan Ipc vdi nhan tai la dau tau - npi Ipc quan trpng nhat, ye'u to quye't dinh sp phdn vinh, thinh vupng cua quoc gia - dan tpc hay khdng, tao thuan lpi cho mpi ngudi sd dung mpi nang Ipc, ca tiem tang va hien hdu Gia trj ban than ma nen giao due nham tdi gan bd vdi He gia trj chung cua ngudi Viet Nam thdi nay, theo chung tdi de xuat, cd the la: Tren cosdeae gia tri chung cua loai ngudi, nhu tfnh ngudi, tinh ngudi; cac gia tri toan cau, nhu hoa binh, hpp tac, phat trien; cac gia tri dan tpc, nhU tinh than dan tpc, tfnh cpng ddng; cac gia trj gia dinh, nhu hoa thuan, hieu thao, gia tri ban than gdm: (1) yeu nude, (2) dan chu, (3) trach nhiem vdi gia dinh, cpng ddng, (4) can cu, (5) t u duy If - khoa hpc, (6) chfnh trpc, (7) luong thien, (8) thfch nghi, (9) sang tao, (10) chf hudng - cau tien Ket luan 3.1 Tom Igi, triet li giao due Viet Nam thdi nay, theo toi, co the la: DUdng loi: giao due la qudc sach hang dau Sd menh: nang cao dan tri, dao tao nhan life, boi dudng nhan tai Phuong cham phat trieh: chuan hoa, hien dai hoa, xa hoi hoa, dan chu hoa Xay dpng nen giao due nhan van, nhan ban vdi hat nhan la gia t r j ban than 3.2 Van dung Triet If giao due, ndi van gon, la cac tu tudng chi dao viec xay dpng va phat trien sp nghiep giao due - dao tao, ca tam vl md va vi mo: tam quoc gia la hoach djnh dudng Idi (cac luat giao due ), chien lupc, chfnh sach (chfnh sach luong, dai ngp, tdn vinh ), chu truong Idn , quan If nganh: dieu le trUdng hpc, cac chuan, npi dung giang day, chuong trinh cac bp mdn, cac dieu kien bao dam chat lupng hoat dpng day - hpc, nhu lam - nam nufa ca nude (1) du trudng, Idp hpc, thiet bi day hpc; (2) du ve so lupng, co cau, chat lupng (tay nghe va lUdng tam nghe) nha giao va can bp quan If giao due; (3) cd du sach giao khoa, giao trinh, tai lieu giang day va hpc tap dung chuan (nhu cac nUdc phat trien, khong sai sot, khac phuc qua tai ) TAl UjUTHAM KHAO Nina Cobb (chu bien), Tuang lai cua giao due, Hpi dong thi tuyen College xuat ban d My (tieng Anh), 1994 Pham Minh Hac, Gid tri hoc - casdkhoa hoc cua viec xdy dung hi gid tri chung cua ngudi Viet Nam thdi nay, NXB Giao due Viet Nam, Ha Npi, 2010 Pham Minh Hac, Mot so vdn degido due Viet Nam ddu the kiXXI, NXB Giao due Viet Nam, Ha Npi, 2010 Pham Minh Hac, Vegido due, NXB Chfnh tri Quoc gia, Ha Npi, 2003 Thai Duy Tuyen, Triet hoc gido due Viet Nam, NXB DHSP Ha Npi, 2007 Ho Chi Minh Todn tap, t.4 tr.8 NXB Chfnh trj Qudc gia, Ha Npi,1995 Ho Chi Minh Todn tap, tr 32-33 Pham Minh Hac, Phdt trien gido due - phdt trien ngudi phuc vu phdt trien xd hdi - kinh te, NXB Khoa hoc Xa hpi, Ha Npi, 1996 Pham Minh Hac, Mudi ndm doi mdi gido due, NXB Giao due, Ha Npi, 1996 10 Pham Van Ddng, Bdi ndi vdi gido vien vd cdn ho gido due nhdn ngdy Nhd gido Viet Nam 20-111984 11 Pham Minh Hac, Gido due Viet Nam trudc ngUdng cda the ki XXI Thay Ldi ket: tien tdi the kiXXI, NXB Chfnh tri Quoc gia, Ha Npi, 1999; tai ban, SUMMARY The author presents some thoughts about education philosophy and innovation of Vietnamese education thinking since August revolution 1945 Based on that the author proposes the concept of self-value which is being geared by the education as a new feature of education philosophy in the social development and socialist orientated market economy, modernization, industrialization and internationalization ... feedback "trong dieu khien hpc, cang phat huy 11 tot - gia tri ban than cang nd 0" day cd van de mdi trudng cho gia tri ban than phat huy va phat trien: cpng dong, xa hpi cd coi trpng "nhan to ngUdi "trong. .. cac em" NgQdi da xac dinh vai trd epe ki quan trpng cua giao due ddi vdi sp phat trien dat nQdc: "Trong cdng cupc kie''n thiet nQdc nha trdng mong chd dpi d cac em rat nhieu Non sdng Viet Nam cd... nhd phan Idn d cdng hpc tap cua cac em" Sau muoi lam nam qua, dan ta, Dang ta da lam theo each suy nghi Dat nUdc dupe nhQ hdm nay, khdng the danh gia tha''p sp nghiep giao due theo tQ tudng Ho