Hl/dNG DAN QUAN LY, SCT DUNG id Dpi pnm mm m lim um sd ym mk m hkY Hm mm m& ym i mudm mm • TS Pham Van Nam Vi0n Khoa hoc Giao due Viet Nam I Khai quat ve phan mem ban do Di tfch • Lich suf Van hoa Pha[.]
Hl/dNG DAN QUAN LY, SCT DUNG id Dpi pnm mm m lim um sd - ym mk m hkY Hm mm m& ym i mudm mm • TS Pham Van Nam Vi0n Khoa hoc Giao due Viet Nam Khai quat ve phan mem ban Di tfch • Lich suf - Van hoa Phan mem ban dd Di tich Lich su' - Van boa gidi thieu cac di tich ndi tieng nham cung cap cho HS trung hpc cd sd (THCS) nhtfng thdng tin ve lich su' van hoa cua cac dia phifdng va nhiing boat ddng cham sde di tich ciia HS ca nu'dc khudn khd phong trao "Tnfdng hpc than thien, HS tich cifc" la mpt de tai thii nghiem, Phan mem ban dd Di tich Lich suf - Van hoa chi gidi thieu mdt so di tich tieu bieu ciia 10 tinh, phd la: Ha Ndi, Hai Difdng, Nam Dinh, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Da Nfng, Ddng Thap, Thanh phd Ho Chi Minh, Lam Dong, Tay Ninh, vdi gan 200 di tich cac loai I • * ^ - '^^' Nhiing di tich du'dc lifa chpn gidi thieu la nhiing di tich tieu bieu, cd gia tri ve lich sii - van hoa da du'dc xep hang cap qud'c gia Bd Giao due va Dao tao chiu trach nhiem cham sde, cd hen he gan giii vdi chifdng trinh giao due THCS Mdi di tich se du'dc gidi thieu cu the bang ca ngdn ngii va hinh anh Tim ve mdi di tich phan mem, ngu'di su' dung de dang tim difdc npi dung tra ldi cho nhifng cau hdi: Ten di tich la gi? O dia phu'dng nao? Du'dc xep hang qud'c gia nam nao? Net ndi bat d di tich dd la gi? Hien trang hien sao? HS cac tnfdng da cd boat dpng cham sde gi? Mudn tim hieu them ve di tich, se hdi ai? Phan mem di tich lich sii van hda la mdt phan mem cd tinh md, phuc vu cho nhieu mdn hpc va cac boat dpng giao due nha tnfdng THCS Khai thac ph§n mem ban Di ti'ch Ljch sii - Van hoa ho trgf day hoc mon Ngii - Van 2.1 Nhifng net eg bdn ve chuang trinh va phucmg phdp dgy hgc (PPDH) NgU vdn moi lien he vdi phan mem bdn Di tich Lich sd Vdn hod 2.1.1 Phan chu'dng trinh chung (thdng nha't ca nu'dc) Chu'dng trinh ngii van THCS gdm phan mdn: Dpc hieu van ban (sau day gpi Van ban), Tieng Viet, Lam van Trong dd Van ban la phan mdn bao gdm nhtfng ang Van chifdng da du'dc chpn lpc du'a vao giang day nha tru'dng Chiing ta de dang nhan md'i hen he gitfa cac van ban vdi phan mem ban dd Di tich Lich sii - Van hoa, bdi cac kien thiic ve cupc sdng, ve hch sii, van hda du'dc phan anh dd (Tat nhien, d day chi gidi ban cac van ban van chifdng Viet Nam) Chting tdi nhan tha'y cd cae van ban sau cd mdi lien he gan gui vdi phan mem ban dd Di tich Lich sii - Van hoa: Ldp 6: Sdn tinh, Thiiy tinh; Thanh Gidng; Con Rong, chau Tien; Banh chifng, banh day; Sif tich Ho Gifdm; Mdt sd van ban nhat dimg ve danh lam thang canh, di tich lich sii, di tich van hda, mdi tnfdng; Mdt sd van ban nhat dung ve van hda; Ldp 7: Nam qudc sdn (Ly Thu'dng Kiet); Tung gia hoan kinh sif (Tran Quang Khai); Thien tru'dng viln vpng (Tran Nhan Tdng); Cdn Sdn ca (Nguyen Trai); Qua Sd 64 thang 12 nam 2010 21 Hl/dNG D A N Q U A N L Y , SO D U N G deo Ngang (Ba Huyen Thanh Quan); Canh khuya, Nguyen tieu, Tinh than yeu nu'dc cua nhan dan ta (Ho Qti Minh); Diic tinh gian di eua Bac Ho (Pham Van Ddng); cheo Quan Am Thi Kinh; Mdt so van ban nhat dung ve van hda xa hdi; Ldp 8: Chieu ddi (Ly Cdng Uan); Hich tifdng si (Tran Qudc Tuan); Binh Ngd dai cao (Nguyen Trai); Dap da d Cdn ldn (Phan Chu Trinh); Lao Hac (Nam Cao), Ttfc canh Pac bd (Ho Chi Minh); Ldp 9: bai hpc ve Nguyen Du; bai hpc ve Nguyen Dinh Chieu; Vieng lang Bac (Vien Phu'dng); Mdt sd van ban ve hdi nhap qudc te va giii gin ban sac van hda dan tdc; 2.1.2 Chu'dng trinh dia phifdng Cac dia phifdng deu cd chu'dng trinh Ngii van ciia dia phifdng minh sinh sd'ng Nhiing van ban van hpc dia phifdng lai cd quan he rat gan giii, cu the vdi cac di tich lich Slid mdi dia phu'dng dd Vi du: O Nghe An cd day Sif tich den Bach rna; Sd Da NSng yeu cau "Ddi vdi cac tiet day hpc npi dung giao due dia phifdng, cac phdng GD&DT, cac tnfdng THPT can cif vao ndi dung yeu cau va hu'dng dan cua sach giao khoa, sach giao vien, chi dao cac td chuyen mdn td chu'c suli tam, tham khao cac tai heu ve van hda, ngdn ngtf, dia phu'dng de td chtfc cac boat dpng day hpc, 22 ngoai khda phu hdp" 2.1.3 Nhiing yeu cau cd ban ve ddi mdi PPDH mdn Ngtf van Mdn Ngif van gdm ba phan mdn nhd la: Van hpc, Tieng Viet va Lam van Tuy cd chung mdt miic dich giao due tham mi va ren luyen cho HS cac ki nang nghe, ndi, dpc viet, nhu'ng chiing cd vi tri ddc lap tu'dng dd'i bdi nhtfng muc tieu rieng biet cua ttfng phan mdn Theo dd, ba phan mdn lai cd PPDH dac thti Hien nay, PPDH tich cifc du'dc ap dung rdng rai tat ca cac phan mdn O tru'dng THCS, cac PPDH tich cifc difdc van dung de td chiic day hpc Ngtf van la: thifc hanh giao tiep, phan tich ngdn ngif, thao luan va giai quyet van de "Viec ddi mdi phifdng phap day hpc Ngii van di ddi vdi ddi mdi phifdng tien, thiet bi day hpc Cac phu'dng tien, thie't bj day hpc phuc vii cho mdn Ngif van bao gdm: vd bai tap, sach cdng cu, tranh anh, cac dd dting hpc tap khac (du'dc cung cap theo quy dinh ciia Bd Giao due va Dao tao hoac HS va GV tif lam) Trong so cac phu'dng tien va thiet hi day hpc Ngtf van, may vi tinh la mdt phifdng tien giiip HS cd dieu kien tiep can vdi cdng nghe thdng tin de tif hpc" (CT, mdn Ngif van, tr 50) Vdi phan mdn Van hpc, trpng tam la dpc - hieu van ban van hpc, GV la ngifdi So 64 thang 12 nam 2010 hufdng dan va td chiic de HS biet each dpc tac pham, tim cai hay, cai dep bang chinh nhan thtfc ciia cac em Ddi chie'u vdi chu'dng U^inh Ngif van THCS, ta tha'y phan mem ban dd Di tich Lich sti' - Van boa la mdt phu'dng tien day hpc giiip cho HS cd dieu kien tim hieu nhiing dif lieu lien quan den mdt sd van ban Tren cd sd dd HS thao luan, giai quye't nhtfng van de ma tac pham dat Day la nhifng boat ddng gdp phan tich cifc vao viec dpc - hieu tac pham van hpc 2.2 Dinh hudng khai thdc, sd dtAng phdn mem bdn cW Di tich Lich sd - Vdn hod vao dgy hgc NgU vdn THCS 2.2.1 Khai thac cac dtf Heu lich sii lien quan den van ban van hpc tang cifdng tri thiic van hoa, xa hpi Nha da gidi thieu "Mdi di tich se difdc gidi thieu cu the bang ca ngdn ngtf va hinh anh Tim ve mdi di tich phan mem, ngu'di sii dung de dang tim du'dc npi dung tra ldi cho nhifng cau hdi: Ten di tich la gi? O dia phifdng nao? Difdc xep hang qud'c gia nam nao? Net ndi bat d di tich dd la gi? ", HS se tim du'dc Hl/dNG nhCfng thdng tin can thiet cd lien quan de'n van ban van hpc Chang ban day van ban "Sif tich hd Gifdm" d ldp 6, GV cd the tim de^n muc hd Hoan Kiem phan mem O muc nay, hd Hoan Kie'm difdc gidi thieu vdi nhieu di ban khac cung nhifng thdng tin ve canh quan xung quanh hd khie'n HS cd su" hieu biet ki lu9ng ve truyen thuyet "Sif tich hd Gu'dm" Cung nhu' vay, hpc ve Nguyen Du, phan mem Di tich lich stir van hda gidi thieu kha kl ve di tich lich sii tinh Ha Tinh dd cd khu di tich Nguyen Du d lang Tien Dien Nhd vay ma HS cd the tim hieu kl lifdng hdn ve cudc ddi Cling nhif sif nghiep sang tac ciia dai thi hao dan tpc Trong dd ghi rd: "Toan bd khu di tich Nguyin Du va ddng hp Nguyen Tien Dien nam rai rac tren vung da't rpng chifng 20 ttf bd nam Sdng Lam den xtf Dong Cung, bao gdm den thd Nguyin Hue Dai Vu'dng, cau Tien, khu lull niem, den thd Nguyin Nghiim, Nguyin Trpng, tif day di ve khoang km se den mp Nguyen Du Nha thd Nguyin Du du'dc xay difng vao nam 1825 tren manh vifdn nha tai lang Tien Dien Trong nha cd ban thd bang vdi cat, mdt ban nhd de gdc but nghien, tren ban thd cd mdt bifc hoanh de chif " Hong Sdn the pha " Hoang DAN QUAN LY, SCT DUNG Phu phai tu'dc Trung hien Dai phu tang vao nam thii 55 trieu Can Long ddi nha Thanh, phia ngoai nha thd treo biic de chif "Dia hnh nhan kiet" 2.2.2 Sii dung nhifng hinh anh hen quan den cac van ban van hpc nham tang cifdng tinh tnic quan Phan mem di tich lich sii van hda cung cap mdt sd lu'dng hinh anh ldn GV va HS cd the coi day la mdt dia chi sifu tam cac btic anh lien quan den cac van ban du'dc hpc Vi du: hpc van ban "Diic tinh gian di ctia Bac Hd" (Pham Van Dong) d ldp 7, phan mem di tich lich sii van hda se cung cap nhtfng hinh anh ve Bac d nhiing khdng gian boat dpng khac giiip HS cd the cam nhan trifc quan nhifng dtic tinh gian di ciia Bac Cac biic anh ve Lang chu tich Ho Chi Minh cung giiip cho HS hieu ro hdn nhiing hinh anh "hang tre", "ttfng ddng ngu'di di thu'dng nhd, ke't vdng hoa dang 79 mua xuan" bai thd "Vieng lang Bac"ciia Viet Phu'dng (ldp 9) Tifdng tif nhu vay hpc bai "Cau Long Bien, chting nhan ciia lich sii" cd hinh anh ve cau Long Bien minh hpa Ngdi nha san Bac Ho 2.2.3 Cung cap nhiing thdng tin ve boat ddng ciia HS phong trao "Tnfdng hpc than thien, HS tich cifc " Ngoai nhiing thdng tin cd tinh chat nhu' nhiihg dii heu hch sii, nhtfng hinh anh trifc quan ve cac di tich, phan mem cdn cung cap them hinh anh ve nhiing boat ddng cham sde di tich cua cac tnfdng THCS dia ban GV va HS cd the lay day lam tif lieu giao due truyen thd'ng tren cd sd nhifng tam gu'dng ngu'di thifc viec thifc dang dien he thd'ng tru'dng hpc phd thdng hlfdng ling phong trao "Trifdng hpc than thien, HS tich cifc" cii nifdc GV va HS cd the sii dung phan mem di tich lich sti van hda nhif mpt cdng cu day hpc tren ldp, nhu'ng cting cd the sii dung viec hpc nhdm, hpc ca nhan HS cd the tif td chtic cac hinh thiic hpc tap phong phli hap dan nhu' sifu tam tif lieu, td chtic cupc thi tham chi cd the coi day la mdt hinh mau de tif minh thiet ke mpt phan mem di tich lich suf - van hda cho dia phu'dng minh.B TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bp Giao due va Dao tao, Chu'dng trinh giao diic thong mon Ngif van, NXBGD, 2006 Bo Giao due va Dao tao Mot so van de ve doi mcfi phifdng phap day hpc d tru'dng THCS mon Ngif van, (Tai lieu luXi hanh npi bp), Vien Khoa hpc Giao due, 2002 Nguyen Thtiy Hong, Mpt gi5 day hpc theo dinh hUdng doi mdi phUPng phap day hpc TCGD so 166, Quy II - 2007 Phan Trpng Ngp (Chti bien), Va'n de trifc quan trpng day hpc, NXB DHQG HN 2000 So 64 thang 12 nam 2010 23 ... da gidi thieu "Mdi di tich se difdc gidi thieu cu the bang ca ngdn ngtf va hinh anh Tim ve mdi di tich phan mem, ngu ''di sii dung de dang tim du''dc npi dung tra ldi cho nhifng cau hdi: Ten di tich... giao tiep, phan tich ngdn ngif, thao luan va giai quyet van de "Viec ddi mdi phifdng phap day hpc Ngii van di ddi vdi ddi mdi phifdng tien, thiet bi day hpc Cac phu''dng tien, thie''t bj day hpc... cd chu''dng trinh Ngii van ciia dia phifdng minh sinh sd''ng Nhiing van ban van hpc dia phifdng lai cd quan he rat gan giii, cu the vdi cac di tich lich Slid mdi dia phu''dng dd Vi du: O Nghe An