II NGHIEN C m i a ONG DUNG mm THUC cufl GIRO VIEN VE VIEC sd DUNG THIET Bl DQY HOC MON MY THUQT 6 TRUdNG THG 1 Nhdn thdc cua GV ve vi tri, vai tro vd tdc dung cua TBDH Thuc te ciia DH mon MT da thira[.]
II NGHIEN C m i a ONG DUNG mm THUC cufl GIRO VIEN VE VIEC sd DUNG THIET Bl DQY HOC MON MY THUQT TRUdNG THG ThS Nguyen Thu llian Trudng DHSP Hd Ngi Nhdn thdc cua GV ve MT; Dac biet khong co GV nao vi tri, vai tro vd tdc dung cua cho rang TBDH la khong can thiet Dieu ridy chimg to tinh TBDH Thuc te ciia DH mon MT da phii hgp gida ly ludn vd thirc thira nhan vai tro, tdc dung ciia tien ciia su nghien cuu ve vi TBDH Trudc het, no la mgt tri, vai tro cua TBDH truyen to ciia QTDH, la nguon thong QTDH mon MT d tri thuc, la phuang tien dieu trudng THCS Qua trao doi vdi chiing khien boat dgng nhan thiic ciia HS Theo quan diem phat huy toi, da so GV dugc hoi y kien tinh tich cue, chii dong, sang deu cho rang viec su dung tao ciia ngudi hgc, thi TBDH cac TBDH truyen thong dugc coi la doi tugng de HS QTDH mon MT se tao dieu chii dgng, tu luc khai thac tri kien cho HS phoi hgp dugc hoat thii'c dudi sir hudng dan cua dgng ciia nhieu giac quan GV, no giiip cac em thu nhan nhan thii'c Nhd co sii' dung cac thong tin mgt each sinh dong, TBDH ma hoat dgng nhan thiic kich thich thii nhan thiic; ciia HS dugc tien hanh de dang ren luyen kha nang quan sat, so va CO hieu qua han Vi vay viec sanh, phan tieh, tong hgp; phat nhan manh su can thiet phai sii' trien tu sang tao de van dung cac TBDH truyen thong dung vao bai ve; giiip cac em QTDH cua GV MT la trd chii the tich cue diing dan va co y nghTa quan trgng doi vdi viec day MT d mgi hoat dgng tru'dng THCS Nhdn thuc ciia GV MT ve sir cdn thiet su dung cdc TBDH * Phan Idn GV deu danh gia rat cao su can thiet ciia TBDH truyen thong viec nang cao chat lugng DH mon MT: 98,97% y kien ciia GV dugc dieu tra cho rang cac TBDH truyen thong rdt cdn thiet vd khd cdn thiet DH mon * Tuy nhien, nhgn time cua nltieu GV MT ve tinh Itieu qud ciia viec sd dung cdc PTKTDH hien dgi ciing nhu viec img dung CNTT vdo gidng dgy bg mon ndy chua cao Tham chi nhieu ngudi nghi ngd vl tinh hieu qua ciia cac phuong tien viec DH MT cho HS Mgt so GV coi chi la phuang tien thay cho vien phan Nhan bai 28/7/2011 \l • TAP CHi THIET Bl GIAO DUC - so 72 - 8/2011 triing viet bang, thay cho ve hinh minh hga (ma le ngudi GV phai ve minh hga true tiep tren bang mdi co sire thuyet phuc HS) Do ddnh gid thdp cdc PTKTDH md mgt s6 GV cho rdng klidng cdn phdi co PTKTDH thi hg vdn co the dgy tot vd HS vdn tiep thu tot Nhqn thuc cua GV MT ve muc can thiet ciia tdng loqi TBDH Ket qua dieu tra thuc trang (bang dudi day) cho thay: Khi giang day tren ldp GV MT chu yeu diing cac TBDH truyen thong (nhu tranh, anh, mau vat that ) Dieu khong phai la bat thu'dng vi la dac trung ciia DH MT day MT la day tren diing DH Ket qua cho thay; 95,70% GV MT cho rang Mdu vdt that la rat can thiet; roi din Tranh ve cua HS (86.80%); Tranh phien bdn cua hga si (79,10%) Trong do, tiing loai thiet bi de phuc vu cho viec irng dung CNTT vao DH (nhu mang internet USB cac loai, cac phan mem DH, may tinh ca nhan, cac loai may chieu.v.v ) thi rdt il GV cho rdng khong cdn thiet Idm Theo chiing toi, nhan thitc la rat II NGHIEN cim & IMG DUNG Bdng 1: Mirc can thiet cQa tirag loai TBDH Miic cSn thiet cua tii'ng loai TBDH TEN TBDH Tifffng doi cdn thiet Rdt cdn thiet Khong cdn thiet SL % SL % SL % Tranh phien ban ciia cac hoa sT 608 79.1% 156 20.3%, 0.7% Tranh ve cua HS 669 86.8% 101 13.1% 0.1% Cac anh tu lieu 286 37.3% 470 61.4% 10 1.3% Mau vat, vat that 736 95.7% 26 3.4% 0.9% May quay camera 12 1.6% 150 19.6% 602 78.8% May anh 2.3% 8.6% 307 622 40.0% 81.0% 442 57.6%o TV va dau video 18 66 80 10.4% May chieu ban (Overhead) 44 5.8% 163 21.3% 558 72.9% May chieu film duong ban 16 2.1% 136 17.8% 612 80.1% 10 May chieu lap the 16 2.1% 191 25.1% 554 72.8% 11 May chieu da nSng 92 12.1% 545 71.6% 124 16.3% 12 Mdy tinh de ban 94 12.2% 514 66.9% 160 208% 13 May tinh xach tay 108 14.1% 424 55.5% 232 304% 14 Mang Internet 123 16.1% 484 63.3% 158 20.7% 15 Mang E-learning 26 3.5% 106 143% 608 82.2% 16 USB cac loai 142 18.5% 499 65.0% 127 16.5% 17 CacphSnmemDHMT 173 22.5% 231 30.0% 365 47.5% au tri, khong phii hgp vdi xu the DH bien dai - ma CNTT dang ngu tri va phat trien nhu vu bao, cd nhieu tac dung mgi ITnh vuc cua xa hgi, cd DH Quan niem cua GV MT ve cdch su dung TBDH Trong DH, quan he giLi:a GV va HS la mdi quan he ca ban Dua vao moi quan he nay, ngudi ta phan chia nhQ-ng h? th6ng DH va cac PPDH khac Trong DH truyen thong, boat dgng cua ngudi GV dugc de cao, GV la ngudi truyen thu tri thirc, ky nang ky xao cho HS Trong DH hien dai, hoat dgng nhan thirc ciia HS dugc nhan manh: HS Id chu the cua hogt dgng hgc, thdnh cong cua hogt dgng DH Id Idm cho HS doc lap, tie gidc, chit dgng chiem ITnh tri thirc; GVld ngudi to chuc, Idnh dgo, dieu khien, giiip cho HS tien hdnh cdc hogt dgng nhdn thuc, de tren ca sd hodn thdnh cdc nhiem vu hgc tap dd dgt Tir quan niem ve DH tuang tac giCra GV va HS (nhu da trinh bay tren day), co the co nhung each hieu khac ve each sir dung PPDH true quan Theo chung toi, thuc tien, CO the co each hieu ve phuang phap sir dung TBDH QTDH, la; l.GV trinh bay cac TBDH CO lien quan den ngi dung DH, HS quan sat chiing GV to chirc cho HS sir dung cac TBDH vao boat dgng hgc tap ciia ban than, qua TAP CHi THIET Bl GlAo DUC - SO 72 - 8/2011 • 13 II NGHIEN cim & ONG DUNG Bdng 2: Nhan thirc cua GV ve each sir dung TBDH DH MT Nhdn thirc ciia GVve cdch sir dung TBDH Sd lifffng % Cdch 1: GV trinh bay cac TBDH co lien quan den noi dung DH, HS quan sat chung IQll 772 9093% Cdch 2: GV to chirc cho HS su dung cac TBDH vao hoat dong hoc tap cua ban than, qua hinh tri thirc, ky nang, ky xao cho HS 57/ 772 7.38% Cdch 3: HS tu sir dung cac TBDH vao hoat dong hoc tap tren lap ma khong CO sir huang dan cua GV 13/ 772 1.69% 772 100% Tdng: binh tri thirc, ky nang, ky xao cho HS HS tu sil' dung cac TBDH vao boat dgng hgc tap tren ldp ma khong c6 su hudng dan ciia GV Ket qud khdo sdt quan niem cua GVve cdch sd dung TBDH dirge the hien bdng dudi ddy: Qua bang tren cho thay; co 90.93% GV MT cho rSng viec sil' dung TBDH QTDH hien dugc tien hanh theo each GV trinh bay, minh hga tri thuc bang cac TBDH c6 lien quan den ngi dung DH, HS quan sat chiing Hau het GV deu CO chung thao tac la: gidi thieu, phan tich eac TBDH (tranh minh hga) co lien quan den ngi dung can truyen thu, HS CO nhiem vu quan sat cac TBDH de hinh cac bieu tugng, tao mdi lien tudng giCra nhirng hinh anh ve TBDH vdi tri thiic ma GV da trinh bay Cdch hieu nhir tren ve phucmg phdp sir dung TBDH dang Id tinh trgng bien 14 • hien cua cdc GV MT ve PPDH true quan Cdch hieu ndy khong sai, nhung chua phii hgp vdi quan diem ciia doi mdi PPDH theo hudng phdt trien tu sdng tgo cua HS Cung qua ket qua khao sat d bang tren day cho thay; Mac dii chi co 7.38% sd GV cho rSng PPDH true quan la GV to chiic cho HS sir dung TBDH vao boat dgng bgc tap cua ban than HS Theo chiing toi, day la quan dilm DH hien dai ve PPDH true quan (bdi vi DH viia la qua trinh ngudi GV t6 chirc djnh hudng hoat dgng nhan thirc ciia HS, vira la qua trinh ngudi HS no luc tien hanh boat dgng nhan thuc Qua trinh boat dgng day hudng vao viec phat huy tinh tich cue ciia ngudi hgc, tao dieu kien eho cac em chiem ITnh tri thiic va ky nang bSng chinh hoat dgng ciia minh K6t qua la: dudi sir t6 chuc cua GV, cac em tien hanh hoat dgng vdi TBDH, sSp xIp, chuydn ddi, tach ra, ghep lai chung, lam cho cac thuge tinh ban chat cua doi tugng phai bgc Ig TAP CHi THIET B! GIAO DUC - so 72 - 8/2011 cac khai niem khoa hgc nhd dugc cac em nam virng) Rat tiec, so GV CO quan niem nhu vay qua it, nen rat can dugc bien phuang phap sii' dung TBDH kieu nhu vay thuc tien DH hien Tom Igi, hau het cac GV da khang dinh PPDH true quan la can thiet doi vdi DH mon MT Dieu phii hgp vdi ly luan nhan thirc, vdi sir phat trien tam ly tre Day la mgt tien bg can dugc tri va phat trien thuc tiln DH mon MT d THCS hien Tai lieu tham khao Tvhn Quoc Ok (2001), "Sir dung thiet bi day hgc dap ung yeu cau doi mdi phuang phap giao due d trudng thong", Tgp chi Gido due, so 5/ 2001 Dang Thanh Hung (2002), Dgy hgc hien dgi: Ly ludn Bien phdp Ky thudt, NXB DHQG Ha Ngi Vu Trgng Ry (1998) Mo/ so vdn de ly ludn ve TBDH, NXB Giao due, HaNoi ... vdi sir phat trien tam ly tre Day la mgt tien bg can dugc tri va phat trien thuc tiln DH mon MT d THCS hien Tai lieu tham khao Tvhn Quoc Ok (2001), "Sir dung thiet bi day hgc dap ung yeu cau doi