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HEN KET DAO TAO VOl OOANH NGHIEP TAI TRiriiNG GAO OANG GDNG NGHE VA KINH TE HA NDI THirc TRANG VA GIAI PHAP O ThS NGUYEN TUY^T LAN'''' T rudng Cao ddng cdng nghi vd kinh ti Hd Nqi, hqp nhd''''t h> Trudng Tr[.]
HEN KET DAO TAO VOl OOANH NGHIEP TAI TRiriiNG GAO OANG GDNG NGHE VA KINH TE HA NDI THirc TRANG VA GIAI PHAP O ThS NGUYEN TUY^T L A N ' T rudng Cao ddng cdng nghi vd kinh ti Hd Nqi, hqp nhd't h> Trudng Trung hge nghiip vy /vd Trudng Trung cdp luong thye - ^yephdm vd vdt tundng nghiip (tryc thudc Bd Ndng nghiep vd phdt trien ndng thdn), cd djo bdn hoqt dqng hrdi ddl d bo tinh, mdnh phd: VTnh Phuc, Hd N d l , Hung Yen Djo bdn rdng, cdng tdc qudn If gdp n h i l u khd khdn, song nnd trudng ludn quan tdm d i n hoqt ddng xdy dyng «thuorng hieu* eua minh, gdn ddo tqo (DT) vdi thye tien, ddp ung nhu cdu su dung ngudn nhdn lye «Lien k i t d d o tao' (LKDT) Id hinh thuc hqp toe, phdi hqp thudng xuyen ede hoqt dqng cdc CO sd DT ndy vdi co sd DT khdc (hoqc giuo co sd OT vd td chuc kinh tl) cung d l ro vd thye hien hen CO sd nguyen tdc hr nguyen, hoi ben ciing cd Iqi thdng qua hqp ddng kf k i t giiia ede ben tham gio, nhdm muc dfeh khoi thde Hem ndng cuo tung don vj tham gio LK LKDT boo gdm nhilu phuong dien nhu: td chuc DT, tdi chfnh, co sd vdt ehd't, thilt k l xdy dyng chuong trinh DT, nhdn sy, thdng Hn Trong khudn khd bdi vllt, chung tdi chu y l u tdp trung quonh vd'n de LKDT vdi doanh nghiep (ON) Cd t h i ndi, LKDT vdl DN Id nhiem vy khdng don gidn Bdi le, co sd DT vd ede td chuc kinh t l , sdn xud't thudng khdng cung chung t h i e h i hoqt dqng Co sd DT «ld mpt eosd djch vy cdng khdng vy Ion, hogt ddng theo Ludt Gido dye vd Ludt Dgy nghe", cdn ede eosd sdn xudt «ld nhOng DN hogt 66ng theo Ludt DN, Idy Iqi nhudn tdi da Idm myc tieu hoqt ddng cua minh" (]) Chfnh vi « t h l c l i i hoqt ddng" h-di nguqe nhou nen khd fim duqc mdi LK Idu ddi N h i l u DN ed ngudn lye ddi ddo da lya chqn hinh thue thdnh Idp co sd OT phyc vy cho nhu cdu ngudn nhdn lye cuo chfnh hq (nhu TPT, Bitls, Vinashln ), song chu y l u cdc DN vdn dang trdng ehd vdo ngudn lye duqc cung cd'p mien phf h> cdc co sd DT Ldm t h i ndo de ngudn lye dd ddp ung nhu cdu DN n l u khdng cd mdi Tap ciii Giao due so (ki i • y/aon) lien he chdt che glCro co sd DT vd nhd su dyng loo dqng Djnh nudng DT theo nhu cdu su dyng cuo xd hdi dd duqc xde djnh ro Vdn kien D q i hdi IX cuo Ddng: «Dlnh hinh auymd gido dye vd DT, dieu ehinh co cdu DT, nhdt Id co cdu cdc cdp hge, nqdnh nghe vd ca cdu theo Idnh thd phu hqp vdi nhu cau phdt trien nguon nhdn lye phyc vy phdt triin kinh ti - xd hpl" (2) Xd hdi vd nhu cdu xd hql dd xde dmh nhiem vy cho mdi nhd trudng: DT ngudn nhdn lye ddp ung cdc myc Heu phdt trien KT-XH «He thdng DT phdi thudng xuyin bdm sdt nhu cau eua thj trudng lao dpng, nam bdt kip thdi duqc sy thay ddi cua co cdu ngdnh nghe vd trinh dp DT cua dpi ngu nhdn lye di ddp ung yiu cau chuyin djch ca cdu lao dpng cua ed nude cung nhu eua tung vung mien qud trinh CNH, HDH" (3) Mdi co sd DT cdn bdm sdt nhu cdu cua thj trudng loo ddng tren dja bdn de «cung" cho hqp If, phu hqp vdi «edu", hudng tdi myc Heu 100% ngudi hoc ed the «hdnh" duqc trudng, trdnh Idng phf ngudn nhdn luc Dd cung Id Nghj q u y l t cuo Ddng bd Trudng CDCN&KT Hd Ndi ddt ro Thue trqng Trudng CDCN&KT Hd Nqi hien ed co sd: Cosd (tqi xd Ddng Xudn - Sdc Son - Hd Ndi): tdp trung mul nhqn DT cdc nghe: cdng nghe thye phdm; cdng nghe kT thudt dien; cdng nghe kT thudt d td; cdng nghe thdng Hn; - Co sd (tqi Phuc Yen VTnh Phuc): ehu y l u DT k l todn vd cdng nghe thdng tin ddy Id noi tdp trung nhieu DN nude ngodi, khu cdng nghiep vd ede DN tu nhdn; - Co s d (tqi Vdn Giang - Hung Yen): mdi trudng thudn ndng, nhd trudng coi ddy Id dja d i l m thye hdnh cdng tdc ndng nghiep, trdng trqt, bdo qudn vdt tu ndng nghiep vd DT nghe eho lao ddng ndng thdn vung ddng bdng sdng Hdng * Tnriing Cao dang cong nghe va kinh te Ha Noi Ddng bd, Bon gidm hl^u nhd trudng nhilu ndm quo ludn trdn trd fim hudng dl, gidl phdp huu hl§u nhd't de nhd trudng cd vj thi vung chdc xd hdi, trd thdnh djo ehi OT tin cdy Trinh ddi ngu dnh hudng khdng nhd tdi chdt luqng «sdn phdm" (tfnh din thdng 12/2010, sd luqng GV ed trinh dd trIn dqi hqe Id 47%) Theo thdng kl cuo trudng, tqi cdc cosd, sd luqng SV ed vl§e Idm sau ro trudng doo ddng tu 75%-80% Tuy nhl§n, phdn nhdm loo ddng ndy dIu phdi tham glo OT Iqi tqi ede eo sd viSc Idm, vi: Nhd trudng chua du CSVC hlin dqi, phu hqp vdi syphdt triin khdng ngung cua KH-CN tgi DN Chdng hqn, SV ngdnh dl$n, thye phdm, dtd deu bd ngd, lung tun^ trudc^cdc thjit bj hlĐr ã* ã '^'^' ' " hdnh eua nhd trudng hien dd khdng theo kjp Hen bd KHCN vd sy cdp nhdt thilt bi tdi tdn quy hinh sdn xud't nhu DN Tdng eudng 66utu CSVC Id mdt gidl phdp khdng khd thi ngudn lye tdi ehfnh eua nhd hudng cdn khd eo hep Rd rdng, nhd trudng cdn thoy ddi ndi dung LK, tdn dyng thi mqnh cua DN cung CSVC hien dqi sdn cd vd dqi ngu cdng nhdn Idnh nghi; gdn Iqi fch DN vdo qud trinh OT 2) LK vi thidt ki'vd xdy dyng chuang trinh DT Bdn thdn DN nhdn thue duqc nhung Iqi fch h> phfa hqp tdc vdl eo sd OT, tdng eudng cung cd'p thdng tin thudng xuyen v l nhu cdu su dyng loo ddng, tllu chudn loo dqng, cung co sd DT djnh hudng chudn kiln thue, chudn kT ndng cho SV ^^ \fjn\ tdt nghiep Tu yeu cdu thye t l , co sd OT cd mqni em hqng CO bdn md thdi) Cdc ngdnh khde cung trona Hnh ^ n g S c w2i"cdc letiiinarkh^T^^lh'uc'ti'cho hqng tuona ly: hoc ihyc pham, hqe ehi b l ^ nhung ^ - ^ ^ |^ ^^^/, ff^^^ ^-, f^^^^j ^^^ ^'\.^ buoc vao day chuyin sdn xuot thye thy, SV rot bd ^j^^^ ^^ „ / , ^ ^,.v, ^^^- ^^^^ ^ „ ^^ ngo; h ^ ke toon, nhung cac em thye sy lung h;ng ^^^ „;,- ' ^ ^^-^ ^ p ^ ^.-^ ^.^ ^^ ^ ^^-^^ «d!nh khoan , vao so ^y ^.y ^ J , ^^j j ^^.^ ^Q.^ ^^ ^^^ L« ut'^l ? Z " U ^ t"^' ' ^^ nonn Viee tnuc top tai xudng thue hanh eua nho , • ,• -^ • I ' L L - LiL' /"M h-udng CO song cdn mong hnh hinh tnuc GV I , ** i / J L? L J LL- ^« -11 iL 1huong don thye hanh khong au voth/thuc top I L L-*- - LLLxi L J X va nong lye hqn che nen khong phdt huy duqc «-L ' J * c\/i_'iL- L., L- * ^ vai h-o nguoi huong don SVhomanh«nan nhan cuo edetudi thue tdp Cdc em col budi thuc tdp tai trudng, tai eo sd Id thdi kl nghf ngol, thugidn V/ec LK vdi DN mang tinh «thdl vu", nhd le dua vdo mdi quan hi cd nhdn Cdi «loi' trudc mdt md nhd h-udng ed duoc Id «fim co sd eho SV thuc tdp", nhung hieu qud thuc t l loi qud thdp: hidn thye tdp ddu H§n, phdn SV duqc ddng vol «ngudi xem", «ngudl quon sdt", «ngudl sol vdt", hiylt dd'i khdng duqc tllp xuc vdl sdn phdm vi sq sai, hdng, Idm chdm Hin sdn xudt; hidn thu hoi vd cdc hjdn k l tllp, SV duqc y sO' dyng vdn thdi gion thye tdp, di ddu, Idm gl eo sd thye tdp khdng can thiep bdi nhung If «khd t l nhj* Tuy vdy, cudi dqt tnye tdp, cdc em dIu nhdn duqc bdn nhdn xlt tdt gui v l hudng Tr§n ddy chf Id ba h-ong sd rdt nhilu If Idm hqn chi chdt luqng ngudn nhdn luc md nhd hudng dong cung cdp cho xd hql Old! phdp phdt W l n hoqt d^ng LKDT vdl DN ci5a h-udng 1)LKvS tdi chinh vd CSVC Day Id mdt ySu cdu khd quon trqng Cd mdt thye t l , thilt bj tnye „;,^ ^ n ^ " V ' ^ ' - f^oi phdi ed su hop tdc chdt che , i .> i "^ i L- L-' L> va chia se nguon luc giua 1x3 nha: nr%a nuac; nria i^r L- 'j /" J «fci KIL> ' L DT; nha su dung lao dong |5| Nhd nuoe ban i L i I' L -ã J-' ,ô.-,' - j hanh, qudn II ehuon ddu ro va mot SO «noi dung „ ^^ , , OACVOACVJ.-! " i • eunq voi dunq uonq 20%-30% then uonq toon if T I r^}' i j , i ' i^ .' i^f° ^*?*=-T^°"'S'1""% Iq duqc ket cau ^^"""^ "?i dung DT I thuyet co so va nq dung h/ F^^^n " nha truong phoi hqp voi nho su dyng ' ° ° ^qng linh hoqt xay dyng theo nhu cou thj ^ r ^ - thudng xuyIn dieu chfnh chuong h-inh cho phu hqp bude tidn cuo xd hql 3) LK vi 16 diuc Of: nghien cuu, phoi hqp vdi DN dua ndl dung thuc hdnh, thye tqp v l tqi eo ^ sdn xudt Gidl phdp ndy mang kii Iqi fch eho cdc ben tham gia: vdi ca sa DT: khdng phdi lo kSng nhilu v l kinh phf ddu hr trang thilt bj; vdi DN (nhd si> dyng lao dqng): cd thi hvc hip tdn dyng ngudn nhdn Tyc, bdi ciudng theo ylu cdu cua ehfnh DN, Hit ki^m kinh phf vd thdi gion OT Iqi; vd» SV (ngudi hvc tilp thorn gia lao dqng): cd sy h-di nghiem thye te tai mdi h ^ n g Idm viec thye su, kT ndng thye hdnh tu dd duqc khdng djnh Mdt khdc, ca sd OT cd the mdi nhung cdng nhdn Idnh nghe, nhilu ndm kinh nghiem tqi cdc DN cung tham gia qud h-lnh OT, hudng dan SV (Xem tlip trang 57) Tap ciii Giao due so (ki i - j/2on) quan trqng thye hien myc tieu qud'c gia ve xdo mil chu vd phd cdp gido dye HIU hoc LG dd gdp phdn tfch eye thye hien cd hieu qud xd hdi hdo gido dye, dqng hdo ede loqi hinh hqe tdp ddp ung yeu cdu ngudi hqe Md hinh ndy dd gdp phdn tfch eye eho quyIn duqc hqe tdp cuo mqi ngudi ddn, ddm bdo Hnh nhdn vdn sdu sdc, tfnh khoa hqe, tfnh dqi chung, tfnh ddn tdc, phyc vy phdt triln KT-XH, nhd't Id d vung khd khdn, vung ddn tdc Ngodi ro, LG cdn gdp phdn gidl quylt tinh trqng thilu GV, thilu co sd vdt ehd't trudng hoc vd xdo dp trdng v l gido dye d nhung vung sdu, vung xo, vung ddn tdc; hqn c h i fi le HS bd hoc vd that hqe; nhd vdy, « Tinh hinh HS y l u kem ngdi sol Idp, HS bd hqe tqi ede cd'p hqe, tinh hinh vi phqm dqo due nhd gido dIu gidm so vdi ndm hoc trudc" (4) Bdo edo ciia Bd GDDT (thdng 3/2009) eho thdy, \\ le HS phd thdng bo hqe d hqe ki I ndm hqe 2008-2009 vung DBSCL gidm xudng cdn 0,88% (fi le binh qudn chung ed nude cdn Id 0,5d%) Trudc dd, thd'ng ke HS bd hqe hqe ki II ndm hqe 2007-2008 \\ le bo hqe vung DBSCL Id 3,1% (trong ed nude Id 1,37%)' Thue ehd't, LG Id mdt nhung gidl phdp v l phdt triln gido dye d nhung vung ndy Td chuc dqy hqe LG cung ehfnh Id gdp phdn thye hien cdng bdng xd hdi gido dye md Ddng vd Nhd nude to d l ro chfnh quy thuc hien ddy du gido due Heu hoc; nlu khdng Hm duqc mdt hinh thuc gido dye phu hqp^ HS se that hoc vd nhu vdy khdng the thuc hien phd cdp gido dye, khong thi thye hien binh ddng gido due vd quyen hoc tdp cho moi ngudi md trudc hit cho t h i he tre^Vi vdy, khdc phyc nhung hqn chi eua md hinh td chuc LG tilu hqe hqp If, ndng coo chdt luqng dqy vd hqe LG se gdp phdn gidm khd khdn cho eon em cdc gio dinh vung sdu, vung xo, vung ddn tdc, ddp ung duqc yeu cdu phdt triln gido dye giai doqn hien • T^i lif u tham khdo (1) BO GD-DT Gido due \&p ghep va song ngur d truong tieu hpe Vifet Nam NXB Gido due, H 2000 (2) BO GD-DT Phdt triin gido due vd ddo tgo vUng Ddng bdng sdng Ciiu Long din ndm 2010 vd dinh hudng din ndm 2020, C^n Tha 1/2/2005 (3) Bio Tudi tre ng^y 2/1/2009 (4) Bdo Gido due & Thdi dgi ng^y 21/8/2009 Lien ket flao tao m (Tlip theo trang 62) De qud trinh LK dqt hieu qud coo, vol trd cua nhd nude gdp phdn khdng nhd Hien Trudng CDCN&KT Hd Ndl dang rdt lung tung, de dqt LKDT vdi DN phdi trdng ehd ede vdn bdn dudi ludt, thdng h/ hudng ddn cy the, nhung chfnh sdch Ben cqnh nhung thdnh hru dot duqc, cdn nhung tu phfa nhd nude vd co quan chu qudn Idm co sd hqn c h i phdt trien loqi hinh LG tilu hqe d phdp If eho mqi hoqt ddng cua nhd h-udng vd DBSCL Dd Id ndng lye gidng dqy cuo GV chuo DN Khi he thd'ng chfnh sdch duqc hodn thlen, cao, viec ddo tqo GV dqy LG h-ong trudng su hoqt ddng LKDT vdi DN se phdt triln vung chdc, phqm don thudn ve mqt If thuylt, chuo thye hdnh ddp ung ngdy cdng cao nhu cdu xd hdi G dqy LG hong hodn cdnh thye Hon nuo, sou (1) NguySn Xuan Mai "Ho^n thien he tha'ng chinh ro hudng gidng dqy, viec top hud'n bdi dudng sach di phat triln lien doanh, lien k^t giua cac trudng nghiep vy eho GV chuo duqc chu y dung muc, day nghi v^ doanh nghiep d^o tao" Tap chi thudng xuyen nen kT ndng dqy LG chuo coo Mdt Khoa hge gido due s6 57/6/2010 bq phdn GV dqy LG d vung ddn tdc Khmer chuo (2) Dang COng san Viet Nam Yin kien Dai hoi dai bllt Hlng Khmer, h-d ngqi eho viee giao hip cuo bieu toan qu6c lln thu K NXB Chinh tri qudc gia, GV vdi HS vd ngudi ddn vung Trong ndm H.2001 hoc, HS ddn tdc Khmer thudng nghf hqe h/ do, y (3) NguySn Minh Duang - Phan YSn Kha Dao tao thuc chdp hdnh nqi quy hqe top chuo coo Co sd nhdn luc dip ung y£u cSu cdng nghiep hoa hien dai vqt ehd't phdng hqe khdng dung quy cdch, tqm hoa dieu ki£n kinh te thi truong, toan cSu hoa bq; 66 dung dqy hqe thilu thdn, thilu sdn choi va h6i nhSp qu6'c te NXB Dgi hge qudc gia Hd Ndi, bdi tqp, Nhung tdc ddng ndy dnh hudng khdng 2006 tdt din chdt luqng nIn nip dqy vd hqe LG tllu (4) Trinh Thi Hoa Mai."Lien ke't d^o tao giua nhk hoed khu vyc DBSCL truOrng dai hoc vai doanh nghiep a Yiet Nam" Tap nhung vung khd khdn, vung sdu, vung xo, vCing ddn tdc thilu so, ddn cu thuo thdt, phdn tdn; dieu kien thien nhien, kinh t l khd khdn, ddn trf thdp, khdng du HS d l md ede Idp, cdc tgjdng Tap chi Giao due so (kn 7/201 n chi Kinh ti - Ludt, s6 24/2008 (5) NguySn Diic Tri "MOt sO'co sa va dinh huang chu ylu cua viec ddi mai dko tao cao ding a nuac ta hien nay" Tap chi Khoa hge gido due, s6 52/2010 ... phdi lo kSng nhilu v l kinh phf ddu hr trang thilt bj; vdi DN (nhd si> dyng lao dqng): cd thi hvc hip tdn dyng ngudn nhdn Tyc, bdi ciudng theo ylu cdu cua ehfnh DN, Hit ki^m kinh phf vd thdi gion... duqc hodn thlen, cao, viec ddo tqo GV dqy LG h-ong trudng su hoqt ddng LKDT vdi DN se phdt triln vung chdc, phqm don thudn ve mqt If thuylt, chuo thye hdnh ddp ung ngdy cdng cao nhu cdu xd hdi... dqy, viec top hud''n bdi dudng sach di phat triln lien doanh, lien k^t giua cac trudng nghiep vy eho GV chuo duqc chu y dung muc, day nghi v^ doanh nghiep d^o tao" Tap chi thudng xuyen nen kT ndng