TINH TICH c a c GIANG DAY CUA GIANG VIEN OAI HOC THLfC TRANG NGUYEN NHAN I • vA GIAI PHAP TS Nguy§n Thj Tinh Khoa Tdm ly Gido due, Trifdng dqi hoc Suphqm Hd Ndi I Bkt van de Tinh tich cue (TTC) la y t[.]
TINH TICH c a c GIANG DAY CUA GIANG VIEN OAI HOC THLfC TRANG - NGUYEN NHAN I • vA GIAI PHAP TS Nguy§n Thj Tinh Khoa Tdm ly - Gido due, Trifdng dqi hoc Suphqm Hd Ndi I Bkt van de Tinh tich cue (TTC) la y thiic tu giac ciia ngudi vl muc dich ciia hoat ddng, thi hidn d ldng say me dd'i vdi hoat ddng; sir chu ddng va sang tao vupt mpi khd khan hoat ddng, nhdm td chiic va thuc hien hoat ddng cd hidu qua TTC dupc sinh, hinh thanh, phat triin va bilu hidn hoat ddng Giang vien dai hpc (GVDH) la chii thi cua hoat ddng su pham linh vuc giao due dai hpc, cd chiic nang giang day, giao due, nghidn ciiu va bie'n khoa hpc, td chiic cac hoat ddng su pham va tu bdi duong dl gdp phdn dao tao cac chuyen gia cac linh vuc cho ddt nudc GVDH la luc lupng ndng cdt quyet dinh viec thuc hien thdng Ipi cac muc tidu cua chiln lupc giao due ndi chung va giao due dai hpc ndi rieng Di hidn thuc hoa dupc vai trd va nang cao dupc chdt lupng dao tao, phu thudc phdn ldn va trudc hit vao tinh tich cue ciia giang vien (GV) hoat ddng giang day (HDGD) Hoat ddng giang day la hoat ddng ciia GV, vdi tu each la chii thi ciia hoat ddng thuc hien cac hanh ddng giang day: soan bai va ldn ldp, lanh dao, to chiic, dilu khiln va dilu chinh hoat ddng nhdn thurc - hpc tap ciia ngudi hpc, nhdm giiip ngudi hpc tai tao (linh hdi) nln vdn hoa xa hdi, hinh va plidt trien nhan each Tfnh tich cue giang day (TTCGD) ciia GVDH la y thiic tu giac ciia GV vl muc dich ciia HDGD, thi hidn d ldng say md dd'i vdi HDGD; su chii ddng, sang tao va nd luc vupt mpi khd khdn, nhdm t6 chiic va thurc hidn td't HDGD Mat khac, TTCGD khdng chi lam cho bai giang cd chdt luong cao hon, hdp ddn hon, ma cdn ndng cao tinh thdn, trach nhiem ciia GV; kich thich dupc sinh vien 10 TAP CHI TAM LV HOC, Sd (149), - 2011 (SV) hpc tap; ldi cudn dupc ddng nghiep hang hai lam viec tii dd ndng cao hieu qua, chat lupng ddo tao TTCGD ciia GVDH dupc bieu hien thdng qua ba mat chii yeu sau day: ITiii nhdt, nhan thiic diing ddn, ddy dii va sdu sdc ciia GV vl HDGD (nhan thiic ciia GV vl muc dich, yeu cdu ciia HDGD; dac dilm tdm sinh ly ciia SV; ban chat, y nghia cua TTC HDGD ); Thii hai, thai dd giang day tich cue (dupe bilu hien d y thiic tu giac dd'i vdi viec thuc hien HDGD; tinh thdn ddc lap tu chii; nhiet tinh, say me giang day; tinh thdn trach nhiem dd'i vdi HDGD; y thiic tu tlm tdi, sang tao va san sang ddi mdi HDGD; y thiic tu phd'n dd'u vuon len dl ndng cao hieu qua giang day ); Thii ba, hanh dpng giang day (tich cue viec chudn bi len ldp; HDGD d tren ldp va sau len ldp va tich cue kiim tra danh gia kit qua hpc tdp ciia SV) vay, thuc trang TTCGD ciia GVDH nhu thi nao? Nguyen nhan ciia thuc trang dd sao? Va lam thi ndo dl ndng cao dupc TTCGD ciia GVDH? Day la nhiing vdn dl dupc di cap din bai vilt Phirong phap va khach the nghien cuu He thd'ng cac phuong phap (PP) nghien cuu dupc sur dung bao gdm: PP nghien ciiu tai lieu; PP dilu tra bang bang hdi; PP quan sat; PP phdng vdn sdu; PP chuyen gia; PP nghien cuu san pham hoat ddng Di cd dupc kit qua nghien ciiu mang tinh khach quan va cd dp tin cdy cao, chiing tdi sur dung phdn mim thdng kd SPSS diing mdi trudng Window, phien ban 15.0 Cac thdng sd va phep thd'ng ke dupc diing nghien cuu la phan tich thd'ng ke md ta va phan tich thd'ng ke suy luan Thang danh gid: Dupc chia lam miic dp Miic dd 1: Tich cue d muc dp cao: < DTB < Miic dd 2: Tich cue d muc dp trung binh: < DTB < Mlie dd 3: Tich cue d miic dd thd'p: < DTB < Miic dd 4: Khdng (chua) tich cue: < DTB < Nghidn ciiu duoc tiln hanh tren 1.155 khdch thi (trong dd cd 405 GV, 712 SV va 38 can bd quan ly (CBQL) d 04 trudng DH: DH Su pham Ha Ndi; DH Ludt Ha Ndi; Hpc vien Tdi chinh va Hpc vien Bien phdng) Thdi gian khao sat tur nam 200'7 2009 Ke't qua nghien ciiru 3.1 Thltc trqng tinh tich cue gidng day cua gidng vien dqi hpc J 1.1 Tinh tich cite gidng day cua CfVDH qua titng mat bieu hien TAP CHf TAM L? HOC, So (149), 2011 11 Bdng I: Tinh lich cue gidng day cua (JV d titng mat hieu hien Mijrc Mijrc dd Mijrc Miic (%) (%) (%) (%)' Nhdn ihiic 0 21,3 78,7 Thai dd 0 54,1 45,9 Hanh ddng 3,2 88,3 8,5 Cac mat bieu hien Nhan thirc R = 0,557** ,R = 0,658** Thai Hanh ddng R = 0,603** Ghi chu: ** P < 0,01 Sff 1: Tuorng quan giita cdc mat bieu hien ciia TTCGD Khi xem xet TTCGD dupc bilu hien qua timg mat nhdn thiic, thai dd va hanh ddng kit qua cho thd'y: GV nhdn thiic rd't ddy dii va sdu sdc vl hoat ddng giang day; thai dd giang day ciia GV khd tich cue, nhung hanh ddng giang day ciia GV chi d miic tich cue trung binh, thdm clii cd mdt sd it GV cd tinh tich cue d miic dd thd'p Trong thuc tl, nhdn thiic, thai dd va hanh ddng thudng cd md'i quan he vdi nhau, song khdng phai liic nao cung la tuong quan thudn va chat Trong mat tren, thi nhan thiic thudng dl hinh hon la thai dd va hanh ddng Dac biet la dd'i vdi hoat ddng su pham - hoat ddng lao ddng dac biet, thi viec hinh he thd'ng ky ndng nghi nghidp di khd, nhung tii dd de hinh thdnh nhu cdu va thdi quen hanh ddng tich cue lai cang khd hon, tur nhdn thiic, thai dd din hanh dpng giang day ciia GVDH cdn chiu su anh hudng ciia nhilu yeu td khac Thuc tl dao tao gido vien ndi chung va GVDH ndi rieng d 12 TAP CHf TAM L? HOC, Sd (149), 2011 nudc ta hien cung chii ylu la chii trpng de'n nhdn thiic nhilu hon la thuc hanh nghi nghiep Do dd, ky nang nghi nghiep ciia GV thudng ylu hon Vi thii nhu d trudng DHSP Ha Ndi, cai ndi ddo tao gido vien cho ca nudc, thi nam dao tao, cung chi cd 2,5 thang thuc tap tai cac trudng dl hinh tay nghi su pham Trong dd, mdt trudng cao dang, nhu Cao dang Co dien Ha Ndi, dao tao nam thi chi cd 01 nam hpc ly thuyet, cdn cd tdi 02 nam la thuc hanh nghi nghiep Xem xet tuong quan giiia cac mat bilu hien ciia TTCGD chiing ta thd'y: Giua cdc mat bilu hien cd tuong quan thudn nhung chua chat 3.1.2 Tinh tich cifc gidng day cua GVDH the hien qua hdnh ddng gidng day Bdng 2: Bdng tdng hpp TTCGD cda GV bieu hien qua hdnh ddng gidng day Cac bieu hien Miic dd Miic Mirc dd Mure (%) (%) (%)' (%) 4,4 71,4 24,1 Giang day tren ldp 0,6 5,0 81,1 13,2 Kiem tra danh gia 4,8 81,3 13,9 Chudn bi Da sd GV qua trinh thuc hien hanh ddng giang day chi dat miic tich cue tmng binh, sd GV tich cue d miic dp cao khdng nhilu, mdt sd GV cd TTC d mirc dp thdp, tham chi cdn cd mdt sd it GV chua tich cue hoat ddng giang day Kit qua phii hpp vdi nhiing phan tfch cu thi d tren va chiing td hon mdt ldn nua, TTCGD ciia GV thi hien qua hanh ddng giang day chi d miic tfch cue trung binh Trong cdc hanh ddng giang day tren, hanh ddng chudn bi cd miic dd tfch cue cao hon ca va miic dd giam ddn d cac hdnh ddng sau Dilu cho thd'y, tii viec chudn bi giang day, den viec hien thuc hda cdc ndi dung da chuan bi dupc hoat ddng giang day khdng phai la dilu dl thuc liien va nd ciing chiu anh hudng ciia nhilu ylu td chi phd'i Xet tuong quan giiia cac hanh ddng giang day cho thd'y: Tuong quan giiia cac hanh ddng giang day ciia GV cung la tuong quan thudn nhung cung khdng chat ldm, dd, tuong quan gifia hanh ddng chuan bi len ldp va hdnh ddng giang day trdn ldp la chat hon ca TAP CHf TAM Lt HOC, Sd (149), - 2011 13 Chudn bi r-0,332** r = 0,713** Kiem tra danh gia Len ldp r = 0,347** Ghi chu: ** P < 0,01 Sff 2: Tucmg quan giita cdc hdnh ddng gidng dgy ciia GVDH 3.1.3 Tinh tich cue gidng dgy cua GVDH the hien d cd mat: nhdn thuc, thdi dp vd hdnh ddng Bdng 3: Bdng tdng hpp tinh tich cue gidng dgy cua (JVDH the hien d cd mat Bieu hien TTC d ca mat Miic dd Miic dd Mure dd (%)' (%)" (%)' 0 92,9 Miic 7.1 Khi xem xet TTCGD ciia GV bilu hien ca mdt thi hdu hit GV chi dat miic tfch cue trung binh, sd GV cd tfnh tfch cue d miic dd cao giang day thd'p hon rd't nhilu so vdi xem xet TTCGD ciia GV d timg bilu hien Dilu chiing td, da sd GV cd TTC dupc thi hien d mdt mat: tfch cue nhdn thiic hoac tfch cue vl thai dd giang day, hay tfch cure hanh ddng giang day Cdn sd GV tfch cue d ca mdt Id rd't khidm tdn (7,1%) Kit qua cd su phii hpp vdi kit qua d bang xem xdt TTCGD ciia GV qua timg mat bilu hien 3.2 Nhitng ye'u tddnh hu&ng tdi tinh tich cue gidng day cua GVDH Kit qua bang cho thdy: Cd nhilu ylu td anh hudng de'n TTCGD ciia GV d nhung miic dd khde Trong dd, nhdm cac ylu td tdm ly ca nhdn cd 14 TAP CHf TAM L? HOC, Sd (149), 8-2011 miic dp anh hudng manh hon nhdm cac ylu td tam ly xa hdi Dilu chiing td cac ylu td chu quan thudc vl ban than ngudi GV vdn la nhiing ylu td chfnh, quan trpng anh hudng den TTCGD ciia GV Bdng 4: Cdc yeu tdtdm ly dnh hifdng tdi tinh tich cue gidng dgy cua GVDH Trirfmg HV Bien phong Soy % kien Yeu to anh hirong DH Luat DH Sir pham HV Tai chinh Tong Soy kien % Soy kien % Soy kien % Soy kien % 90 94,74 82 77,36 79 82,29 74 83,2 325 84,2 Tamly 90 94,74 77 72,64 77 80,21 73 83,9 317 82,55 canhan 92 96.84 99 93,4 92 95,83 85 95,5 368 95,34 89 93,68 93 87,74 80 83,33 76 85,4 338 87,56 91 95,79 91 85,85 91 94,79 82 92,1 355 91,97 Tamly 87 91,58 78 73,58 69 71,88 71 79,8 305 79,02 xa h6i 38 40 70 66,04 79 82,29 69 77,5 256 66,32 35 36,84 77 72,64 83 86,46 73 82 268 69,43 86 90,53 91 85,85 89 92,71 77 86,5 343 88,86 Ghi chii: Cdc ye'u tdtdm ly ed nhdn: Y thiic vl nghia vu cua ca nhan Tinh yeu, su say me, hiing thii ddi vdi cong viec Tinh thdn, trach nhiem ciia GV hoat dong giang day Luong tam dao diic nghe nghiep Cde ye'u tdtdm ly xd hpi: Khong tam ly, truyen thd'ng lam viec ciia khoa, trudng Anh hudng ciia ddng nghiep Su khuyen khich, danh gia ciia lanh dao khoa, trudng Su dam bao ve mat Ipi ich cho GV (luong, thudng, thu nhap them ) Tfnh tich cue hoc tap cua SV (Tap thi SV) Tun hieu sdu hon chiing tdi thd'y: Trong nhdm cdc ylu td tdm ly ca nhdn anh hudng din TTCGD ciia GV thi "Tinh thdn trach nhiem ciia GV hoat dpng giang day" va "Luong tdm dao diic nghi nghiep" la nhimg yeu td cd miic dd anh hudng cao hon ca Ngoai ra, "y thiic vl nghia vu ca nhdn" cung la nhdn TAP CHI TAM L? HOC, Sd (149), 2011 15 td chil quan cd miic dd anh hudng khdng nhd tdi TTCGD ciia GV GV cang nhdn thiic sdu sdc vc nghia vu ciia cd nhdn hoat ddng nghi nghiep, thi cang cd thai dd lo rang ddi vdi ban thdn va cdng viec, tir dd, dilu chinh, dilu khiln hanh vi lheo muc dich tu giac Tuy nhien, thuc t l cho thd'y, khdng phai GV nao cung cd y thirc nghia vu ca nhdn d miic dd cao Cdn cd mdt sd GV chi xac dinh day dii so gid chudn ma khdng tham gia nghien cfiu khoa hpc; khdng hudng ddn SV nghien cfiu khoa hpc; khdng vilt bdo; khdng tham du hoac tham du hinh thfic cac budi hdi thao, bao cdo chuyen dl, tdp hudn, bdi dudng ndng cao trinh dd chuyen mdn nghiep vu; khdng quan tdm tdi viec giao due dao dfic cho SV Trong nhdm cac ylu td ldm if xa hdi, ylu td "Khdng khf tdm ly, truyen thdng lam vice ciia khoa, trudng" va ylu td "Tfnh tfch cue hpc tdp ciia SV" cd mfic dd anh hudng ldn nhd't din TTCGD ciia GV Ngoai viec tim hilu cdc ylu td anh hudng din TTCGD ciia GV, chung tdi cdn tim hilu xem cdc ylu td dd, ylu td ndo cd anh hudng manh nhdt bang each yeu cdu GV lira chpn sd cdc ylu td anh hudng nhdt 01 ylu td ma theo GV la cd anh hudng manh nhd't Kit qua cho thd'y: Da sd GV lua chpn ylu id "Tinh thdn trach nhiem ciia GV hoat ddng su pham" la ylu td anh hudng manh nhd't; va "Su dam bao vl mat Ipi fch cho GV (luong, thudng, thu nhap them " Cdn cdc ylu td khde rai rdc cung cd GV lua chpn nhung mfic dp khdng ddng kl Nhu vdy, sir lua chpn ciia GV vl ylu td anh hudng manh nhd't din TTCGD ciia GV cung tuong dd'i phu hpp vdi kit qua bang d tren Ngoai ra, GV cho rdng "Su dam bao vl mat Ipi fch cho GV" mac du dat cdc ylu td khac thi mfic dd anh hudng khdng cao bdng, nhung lua chpn la ylu td anh hudng manh nhdt thi nd ciing la mdt ylu to anh hudng manh khdng kem cdc ylu to khac Chung tdi thilt nghi "cd thuc mdi vuc dupc dao" Mpi hoat ddng suy cho din ciing la nhdm thoa man nhu cdu nao dd Nlu xet theo thang thfi bdc nhu cdu cua A Maslow, nhu cdu vdt chdt (nhu cdu co the) la loai nhu cdu thd'p nhdt cdn dupc thoa man dl tir dd sinh nhutig nhu cdu cao hPn Trong thuc t l ciing vdy, ngudi, ciing cdn cd viec lam dl sdng Ddi sdng vdt chd't cdn phai dii dam bao cho ca nhdn va gia dinh ho Vi vdy, viec dam bao Ipi fch (luong, thudng, thu nhap them ) cho GV la mdt nhimg yeu td quan trpng kfch thfch TTCGD ciia GV Ngodi ra, phdng vd'n sdu GV, CBQL va SV, chung tdi nhdn thdy cd mdt sd yeu td khac (gidi tfnh; thdm nidn cdng tac; sfic khoe; hoan canh gia dinh; trinh dd chuyen mdn nghiep vu; co chi chinh sach, co sd vdt chd't ciia nha trudng, mdi trudng kinh te, chfnh tri xa hdi ) cung cd anh hudng den TTCGD ciia SV Tuy nhien, di tai chung tdi chua cd dip di sdu nghidn cfiu 3.3 Mpt sdbien phdp ndng cao tinh tich cue gidng day cua GVDH Di ndng cao TTCGD ciia GV va CBQL da dua rdt nhilu cac bidn phap khac nhau, dd tdp trung chii ylu d cac bidn phap nhu: Nang cao ddi 16 TAP CHf TAM lif HOC, So (149), - 2011 sd'ng ciia GV; thudng xuyen bdi dudng nang cao trinh dp chuyen mdn, nghiep v^ cho GV; cd co ehl chinh sach ddng vien khen thudng kip thdi; tang cudng ddu tu CO sd vat cha't, hien dai hda cac phdng hpc da nang; cdn cd su quan tdm, ddng vien, khfch le ciia cac cdp lanh dao; cdn tao co hdi thang tiln va phdt trien nghi nghiep cho GV; cdn kiim tra, ddnh gia thudng xuyen chd't luong giang day cua GV tfi phfa SV; va GV phai cd y thfic vl nghia vu ciia ca nhdn, cd tinh thdn trach nhiem cao, cd luong tdm dao dfic nghi nghiep va khdng ngfing trau ddi nhdn each Tfi cdc kit qua tren, cung vdi viec thuc hien cac nguyen tdc: sfi dung phd'i hpp cdc bien phdp; kit hpp hai hda cac Ipi fch va nguyen tdc hieu qua chfing tdi dl xud't mdt sd bien phap nhdm ndng cao TTCGD ciia GVDH 3.3.1 Nhdm cdc bien phdp kich thich bdng vdt chd't - Kit qua nghien cfiu cho thd'y, sir dam bao vl Ipi ich cho GV (luong, thudng, thu nhdp them ) la mdt nhfing nhdn td anh hudng quan trpng din TTCGD cua GV cdc trudng DH Vi, nhu chfing ta da bilt, nhu cdu la ngudn gd'c ddng co cua mpi hoat ddng, dd, nhu cdu td'i thieu ma ngudi cdn dupc thda man la nhu cdu vdt chd't (an, d, mac, phdn thudng vat chdt ) dl tfi dd cd thi sinh nhfing nhu cdu cao hon Nhung qua trao ddi vdi mdt sd GV dac bidt la GV tre hien nay, dupc bilt, lupng khdi dilm cho GV tre da vao bien chi tfnh theo luong mdi tfi thang 5/2011 khoang 1.510.000d, cdn GV chua vao bien che chi d mfic 1.450.000d, nhu vay la qua thap so vdi mfic sinh hoat hien Thfi nua, cdc trudng cdng lap rat ft cd che dp khen thudng va ky ludt bdng tiln Vi theo chung tdi dupc biet: Sau mdt nam cdng tac phan ddu miet mai, GV dat danh hieu "chiln si thi dua cdp ep sd" hoac danh hieu "GV gidi" se dupc thudng tfi SOO.OOOd - 500.000d (xet 12 thdng) la qua it di, khen thudng d day mang tfnh khfch le tinh than la chfnh Nhung quy dinh vl ky ludt bdng tiln ciing gdn nhu khdng cd Vi vdy, GV tfch cue vdi GV khdng tfch cue khdng khac vl che dp, chfnh sach, luong, thudng Va nhu vdy, hoan canh kinh te, cudc sd'ng cdn nhilu khd khdn, thi cac GV cd ft thdi gian ddu tu cdng sfic cho giang day, bdi hp cdn phai danh thdi gian lo dam bao muu sinh Di lam dupc dilu ddi hdi cac Bd cdn phd'i kit hpp di tilp tuc nghien cfiu va trinh Chfnh phu cac ehl dd chfnh sdch phu hpp dd'i vdi ddi ngii GVCuthlla: -I- Cd ehl dd tra luong hpp ly theo nang lure cua GV + Cd chi dd khen thudng va ky ludt (trach phat) bdng tiln phu hpp, kip thdi - Tang cudng co sd vdt chdt cho cdc nha trudng, tao mdt mdi trudng lam vide thoai mai tren co sd cai tiln cac phuong phdp va dilu kien lam viec cho GV Vl qua nghien cfiu ciing cho thd'y, mdt nhimg ylu to anh hudng din TTC viec ddi mdi each soan gido an, viec ddi mdi PPDH cua GV la co TAP CHf TAM Ly HOC, S6 (149), - 2011 17 sd vdt chd't chua dap fing vdi yeu cdu ddi mdi nhu ldp hpc qua ddng; phdng hpc da nang qua it va chua dupc hien dai hda; ban thdn GV khdng du dilu kien kifih tl di tu sdm cdc PTDH hien dai nhu mdy tfnh xdeh tay, cac phuong tien nghe nhin khac Tang cudng cdc dilu kien vdt chdt khde nhu: tang cfidng sfic luc ciia GV bang cac chi dd nghi ngoi hpp 15^; cd ehl dd cho cdc GV la nfi, vi cac nha trudng GV nfi thudng chilm sd ddng 3.3.2 Nhdm cdc hien phdp kich thich tinh thdn, tdm ly Kit qua nghien cfiu cung khdng dinh: Khdng khf tdm ly, truyln thdng lam viec cua khoa, trudng; anh hudng cua ddng nghidp va su danh gia khuyin khich ciia lanh dao khoa, trudng cung Id nhfing ylu td anh hudng din TTCGD cua GVDH Vi vdy cdn: Xdy dung ldp thi su pham lanh manh, vdi nhfing truyln thd'ng td't dep: Day tdt, hpc td't; doan kit, ddn chu; ky cuong, nl nip; tich cue, chia se, giup va iing hd ddng nghiep viec ddi mdi hoat ddng giang day Cdn can cfi vao nhfing dac dilm tam ly rieng cua GV di ddng vien kip thdi nhftng ddng gdp cua hp Tim nhung dac dilm td't dl khuyin khfch hp, dung sd trudng, sd doan cua hp - Quan tam tdi ddi sdng cua cdc GV va mdi quan he ddng nghiep gifta cac GV dl tao mdi trudng tdm ly tfch cue cho cac GV qua trinh giang day Tl nhi, kheo leo fing xfi vdi GV Thuylt phuc GV sdn sang hpp tdc, vi cho du mpi dilu kien vdt chdt cd dam bao din mfic nao nhung nhan td ngudi khdng tfch cue, khdng hpp tac vdi va khdng sdn sang ddi mdi thi hieu qua giang day cung se khdng cao - Cdn cho GV thd'y hp la "bd phdn quan trpng cua gudng may", danh gia dung nhimg ddng gdp cua hp, thfia nhan nhimg kha nang ciia hp Dilu cdn dupc coi nhu viec "tam fing nilm tin" tam ly hpc Cdn tao ca hdi thang tiln va phat triin nghi nghiep cho GV 3.3.3 Cdc bien phdp qudn ly hdnh chinh Di phdt huy va ndng cao dupc TTCGD cua GV, trudc hit cdn lam cho GV nhdn thfic ddy du va dung ddn vl hoat ddng giang day, vl gia tri cua nghi, dac dilm va nhimg yeu cdu cua nghi cung nhu su cdn thilt phai cd TTCGD Cd thai dd tu gidc, chu dpng giang day; say md, nhiet tinh giang day; sdn sang ddi mdi ndi dung, PPDH ; sang tao giang day va tfch cue hanh dpng giang day, Mudn vdy, ddi hdi cdn phai cd bien phdp td chfic bdi dudng thudng xuyen cho GV bdng each: 18 TAP CHf TAM L? HOC, Sd (149), 8-2011 - Cdn cd nhutig qui dinh luc ddu mang tfnh bdt budc, GV cdn thuc hien hien viec bdi dudng va tu bdi dudng thudng xuyen, ddc biet la bdi dudng ddi mdi ndi dung, phuong phdp, phuong tien day hpc DH Kit hpp vdi cdc bien phdp thi dua, khen thudng phu hpp vd kiem tra danh gid khdt khe, ddn ddn se xda bd dupc thdi quen day hpc cu, thfch fing va hinh dupc thdi quen thudng xuyen ddi mdi hoat ddng giang day, dd khdng cdn ep GV vdn thuc hien Mat khac, nghien cfiu cung cho thdy, cd nhilu GV nhan thfic dupc su cdn thie't phai tfch cue giang day, phai ddi mdi giang day, nhung hp khdng bie't lam the nao dl tfch cue va ddi mdi, va ddi mdi thi dupc gi Vi vdy, viec td chfic bdi dudng cho GV la viec lam cdn thiet - Cd k l hoach kiim tra, danh gia thudng xuyen va dinh ky chuyen mdn, nghidp vu cua GV, nhdm thfic ddy cdc GV tu hpc, tu bdi dudng dl ndng cao trinh dd chuydn mdn, nghiep vu Bdi, qua quan sat chung tdi thd'y, cd nhilu trudng DH dupc nghien cfiu da thuc hien viec nay, nhung mdt nam mdi td chfic ddnh gid mdt ldn bdng nhilu each, dd cd each ldy y kiln danh gia tfi phfa SV Song phdn ldn GV chua cd tdm thi sdn sang ddn nhan su danh gid dd, chua hudng tdi "van hda danh gia", "van hda chd't lupng", nen thudng cd nhung phan fing chua thuc su tfch cue Kit qua ddnh gid chua dupc cdng khai hda, vi danh gid GV la mdt viec lam nhay cam Do do, hieu qua cung chua cao Thuc t l chung ta diu bilt, danh gia GV la cdng viec cdn thiet cua mdt trudng DH Cdn phai ddnh gid thudng xuydn va dinh ky GV de dam bao Ipi fch cho ngudi hpc Dua trdn kit qua ddnh gia de xdy dung cac chfnh sach tra luong, thudng mdi tao su cdng bdng, khdch quan, kfch thfch su nd luc cua GV Dd la each td't nhd't de ndng cao tfnh chiu trach nhiem cua GV dd'i vdi hoat ddng giang day Chi cd danh gia va phan hdi mdi giup GV thd'y rd diem manh, diem ylu de mdi cd nhdn tu thay ddi vd nha trudng cd k l hoach bdi duong phat trien chat lupng GV Dd cdn la bien phdp hfiu hieu nhdt ndng cao chdt lupng dao tao va phat triin bin vftng cua nha trudng SV la khach hang cua nha trudng, hp phai cd tie'ng ndi danh gid GV Tuy nhien, dl ddnh gid dupc khach quan va cdng bang, nha trudng va cac khoa phai: + Cd qui trinh, tieu chf rd rang, cdng khai hda + Phuong phap vd cdng cu danh gia phai da dang, dang tin cdy + Danh gid GV la mdt cdng viec nhay cam, ddi hdi phai thdn trpng va t l nhi + Cdn ddnh gid qua nhilu ngudn khac nhu: GV tu ddnh gia; SV danh gia GV; ddng nghidp danh gia vd CBQL ddnh gia - Nen dua them bdc giang vien thuc tdp sinh de tang tfnh chuyen mdn hda hoat ddng nghi nghiep Vi kit qua nghien cfiu cho thd'y: mat bilu hien cua TTCGD thi mat hanh ddng giang day cua GV chi dat mfic dp tfch TAP CHf TAM Lt HOC, Sd (149), 8-2011 19 cue trung binh, thdp hon nhilu so vdi nhdn thfic vd thdi dd Hon nfta, mdt nhftng chfic nang quan trpng ciia GV Id nghien cfiu khoa hpc vd phd biin nghien cfiu khoa hpc, phuc vu cho giang day Do dd, trudc ldm GV gidi, phai la nha nghien cfiu khoa hpc gidi Ket ludn TTCGD cua GVDH la y thfic tu giac cua GV vl muc dfch cua HDGD, the hien d long say me ddi vdi HDGD; sfi chu ddng, sang tao vupt mpi khd khan, nhdm td chfic va thuc hien td't HDGD GV nhdn thfic tuong dd'i ddy dii va dung ddn vl HDGD, cd thai dd giang day kha tich cue, nhung hanh ddng giang day chi dat mfic tfch cue trung binh Nen nhin tdng ihl GVDH dupc nghien cfiu cd TTCGD chi dat mfic trung binh Trong qua trinh giang day, GV gap khdng ft nhftng khd khan; GV cung da cd gdng nd luc khde phuc nhftng khd khdn bdng nhilu each khac Tuy nhien, sd GV cd bilu hien chua nhilu Cd nhilu ylu td anh hudng tdi TTCGD cua GV Trong dd, cac ylu td tam ly ca nhan cd anh hudng manh me hon cdc ylu td tdm ly xa hdi Cd nhilu bien phdp kfch thfch TTCDG ciia GVDH bao gdm: nhdm cac bien phdp kfch thfch vdt chd't, nhdm cac bien phap kfch thfch tinh thdn va mdt sd bien phdp quan ly hdnh chfnh khac Mdi bien phdp kfch thfch diu cd uu dilm va han ehl nhd't dinh Vi vdy, sfi dung cac bien phap kfch thfch cdn dam bdo nguyen tdc: phdi hpp cdc bien phap; kit hpp hai hda cac loi fch va nguyen tdc hieu qua Tai lieu tham khao B6 Giao due va Dao tao, Ludt Gido due, NXB Gido due, 2005 B6 Giao due va Dao tao, De dn xdy dung, ndng cao chd't luqng dpi ngii Nhd gido vd Cdn bp qudn ly gido due giai doan 2005 2010, 2005 D6 Long (chii bien), Tdm ly hoc xd hdi nhibig lmh vuc Ung dung, NXB Khoa hoc xa h6i, 1991 Nguyen Huu Long, Bu&c ddu hinh thdnh luang tdm nghe day hqc sinh vien supham, Ky ye'u h6i thao khoa hoc, 2008 Le van H6ng, Le Ngoc Lan, Nguyen Van Thang, Tdm ly hoc Ida tudi vd tdm ly hoc Su phgm, NXB The' gidi, 2008 Phan Trong Ngo, Day hpc vd phuang phdp day hoc nhd tru&ng, NXB Dai hoc Su pham, 2005 Nguyen Thac, Pham Thanh Nghi, Tdm ly hoc Supham dai hoc, NXB Dai hoc Su pham, 2008 20 TAP CHf TAM L? HOC, Sd (149), - 2011