LY LUAN QUANLY PHAT TRIEN XAY DUNG GIAO TRINH VE AT VSJ D TRONG CAC TRUdNG OH, CAO OANG KS NGUYEN THU HANG & CS ViinBHLD Dat nudc ta dang trong giai doan hdi nh$p ngdy cang sau rdng Day vira Id co hdi[.]
LY LUAN QUANLY -PHAT TRIEN XAY DUNG GIAO TRINH VE AT-VSJ.D TRONG CAC TRUdNG OH, CAO OANG KS NGUYEN THU HANG & CS ViinBHLD Dat nudc ta dang giai doan hdi nh$p ngdy cang sau rdng Day vira Id co hdi ddng thdi cung vda la thach thiic doi vdi chung ta U'cng dd cd cdng tdc BHLO Hidn nay, su phat trien manh me cua cdc loai hinh doanh nghiep (DN) vd ddi hdi cua thuc tdda Idm cho nhu cau veky su BHLO dang ngdy cdng gia tang Luat Lao ddng quy dinh bat budc cdc DN cd td 200 lao ddng frd len, td'i thieu phdi cd mot can bd bdn chuyen trach ve BHLO Trong dd, sau Viet Nam gia nhap WTO, tat ca cac DN Viet Nam mud'n hdi nhap hang hoa va xua't khau budc phai vugt qua hang rao tieu chuan (quy chuan ISO ve chat lugng, tieu chuan ve BVMT va AT-VSLD) Hidn tai, hau het cdc DN Viet Nam dang b| vudng quy chuan thu ba gan lien vdi yeu cau can cd can bd chuyen frach ve BHLO dugc dao tao co ban cdc nudc phdt trien, ddo tao v l AT-VSLO da dang ca v l ngi dung vd hinh thflc, nhung xu thi chung Id ddo tao chuyin mdn hep hoac dao tao liln thdng vd thdi gian ddo tao ngan Ndi dung dao tao thudng xuyIn duge cap nhat va dilu chfnh de phu hgp vdi thuc t l Tinh hinh ddo tao vd hud'n luyen ve AT-VSLD tai My My, dao tao v l AT-VSLO thudng dugc thuc hiln d cac Trung tam dao tao va nghiln cflu AT-VSLO dat tai cac trudng dai hgc Viln AT-VSLO qudc gia (NIOSH) tdi trg Cd td't ca 17 trung tam nam d cac khu vuc khac nhau, dao tao ca dai hgc va trin dai hgc Trong chuong trinh dao tao cd cdc chuyin nganh khac hgc viln cd the lua chgn (vf du: an toan lao ddng va ecgondmi, v l sinh cdng nghiip, sflc khde nghi nghiep, vv), nhiln nhflng hgc ky diu (dac bilt vdi chuong trinh ddo tao dai hgc) la dao tao cdc mdn liln nganh Bin canh dd, NIOSH cdn ho trg cho cdc viln nghiln eflu cdc du an hua'n luyen ATVSLD theo tflng chu d l nhu v l sinh cdng nghiip, dilu dudng sflc khde nghi nghiip, y hgc lao ddng, ATLO Tinh hinh dao tao vd hua'n luyen ve AT-VSLD tai vuong qud'c Bi Xay dmg bo giao trinh chuan, yeu to quyet dmh den chat lugng dio tao cac tnidng DH, CD ANH: ST Hau nhu ta't c i cdc dai hgc tdng hgp cua Bf diu cd trudng Sflc khoe Cdng ddng Cdc trudng ed chuong trinh ddo tao trin dai hgc cho cdc ddi tugng cd bang dai hgc tdng hgp hoae tuong duong (bae sy, kidn tnie su, ky su cdng nghiip, vv) Muc dieh ciia chuong trinh ndy nham ddo tao cdc chuyin gia v l AT-VSLD Cdc chuyin gia ndy s l tham gia eung vdi cae bac sy y hgc lao ddng, ede nhd quin ly td chflc lao ddng, tam ly hgc, v.v de gidm sdt vd eai thien dilu kiln lao ddng Thdi gian hgc vdng nam cd thdng di thue tap 11/2011 BAO HO LAO DONG 11 LY L U A N QUANLY -PHAT TRIEN trin nhiiu ITnh vuc SX, tham gia edng tdc CD, cdng tdc xa hdi Tfl ndm 2006, Trfldng DH Cdng dodn dd chuydn ddi Nham giing day vd hud'n luyin cho cdn bd AT-VSLD thdi gian ddo tao tfl ndm lin 4,5 nam vd bd sung hiiu vd NLO tai Philipines, Td chflc An todn Philippines da ban chfnh chflong trinh Song nhiiu mdn cdn chfla dflgc cap hdnh cudn "Tii liiu tip hu^n an toin sire l(hoi nghi nghi$p nhdt v l ndi dung vd ddi mdi v l phuong phdp giing day d Philippines" Ddy Id cud'n sdch bang tii'ng Anh, ddy 134 Trong dd, hiu hit cic mdn diu vin sfl dung phflong trang, gdm 16 chuong Nhin chung, cdc vd'n d l dugc dua phdp giing day truyin thing thiiu sflc thu hiit Do nfii diu liln quan din AT-VSLO SX, d l hidu vd rd't dung giing day chfla cdp nhdt kjp thdi nin chit Iflgng ky thuc t l ; bao gdm nhflng ndi dung eo bin ciia Ludt Lao Sfl BHLO chua ddp flng dflgc vdi thue t l phdt tridn dng ddng vd ludt AT-VSLD, cdc vd'n d l liln quan din an todn nghiip d Vilt Nam, nhit Id khu vuc cdc DN liln diin, mdy mdc, sflc khoi nghi nghiip, tra, xd hdi, doanh hodc cd 100% vdn diu tu nude ngodi Chfnh vl vdy, vv Dae bilt, tdi lilu ndy cdn dfla mdt miu ddnh gid chit nhu ciu xdy dung lai bd gido trinh giing day v l AT-VSLB lugng tdp huan dudi dang philu trie nghilm (check-list), chuong trinh ddo tao ky su BHLO eua khoa BHLD rit thilt thue vd bdm sdt theo ndi dung tdp huin Trudng Dai hgc Cdng dodn dd phu hgp vdi trinh dd khoa Tinh hinh hud'n luydn AT-VSLD d Malaysia hgc cdng nghi hiln d Vilt Nam Id vile Idm ein thilt Viln qudc gia v l AT-VSLO (NIOSH) Id co quan ehfnh nhim ddo tao cdc cin bd Idm edng tic AT-VSLO chuyin cung cd'p chuong trinh tdp huin v l AT-VSLD d Malaysia trdch cd ndng lire vd trinh dd ehuyin mdn ddpflngdugc Cdc chuong trinh tap huin chfnh NIOSH eung cip bao vdi cdc yiu ciu khit khe ciia nin kinh t l thj tmdng Nhflng nam gin ddy, tfl nhu ciu cfla thflc t l , mdt sd gdm: cdc khda hgc ndng cao nhdn thflc v l AT-VSLD; cdc chuong trinh cap chflng chf cho cdn bd AT-VSLO, bdc sy trudng dai hgc ky thudt khdc eung da bd sung mdn hgc vl v l sinh lao ddng, Y td v l sinh lao ddng, Ky thuat viln v l AT-VSLO cho mdt sd ngdnh nghi nhit djnh, vi du trudng sinh cdng nghiip ; cdc chuong trinh ddnh eho ngudi huin Oai hgc Xdy dung, Dai hgc Thuy Igi, Dai hgc Giao thing luyin: phuong phdp tap huin, gidi thieu AT-VSLO cho cdng van tii, tmdng Cao dang Xdy dung sd Hd Ndi, Cao nhdn xdy dung, van hdnh vd sfldung xe ndng an todn ; dang Thuy Igi, vv Tfl thue t l eo sd vd tham khio cdc tdi cac chfldng trinh hud'n luyen dac bilt nhu ecgonomi lilu gido trinh ddo tao vd ngodi nudc, nhdm nghien cflu da d l xud't xdy dung Chuong trinh khung dao tao ky sir nhd mdy, sfl dung xe ndng an todn BHLO nhu sau: finh hinh ddo tao, tap hud'n ve cdng tdc AT-VSLD Vikhd? luvng kiin thdt td'i thiiu 200 don vj hpc d Viet Nam trinh thdi gian nam Cdng tdc AT-VSLO d nude ta da dugc quan tdm lii myc tliu ddo tao: Chuong trinh dugc thiet kl tfl thdnh lap nfldc Mdt nhflng ndi dung eiia cdng nham mue dfch ddo tao eie ky su ehuyin ngdnh BHLD tdc AT-VSLO Id gido due, hud'n luyin v l AT-VSLD vd van cd nang quin ly tdng hgp MTLD, phat hiln vd danh ddng quin chiing Idm tdt cdng tdc AT-VSLD Ddi tflgng gid cdc nguy co xuat hiln qud trinh lao ddng cd dflgc gido due, huan luyin gdm cdc cdn bd quin ly, nang inh hudng din sflc khde, gdy binh tat hoac thuong NSDLO, cac cin bd AT-VSLD, bdc sy hoac y td y hgc lao tdt cho NLD vd d l xud't ede giii phdp phdng ngfla cung ddng, cdc can bd CD vd NLD Cdc co quan td chflc tdp nhfl cic chflong trinh giim sdt MTLD hiiu qui huan gdm ed Viln BHLO (thudc Tdng LOLOVN), Cue ATLO V l cd'u true kiln thflic cfla chifcmg trinh (thudc Bd LD - TB vd XH), Viln Y hgc Lao ddng vd VSMT - Kiln thflc gido due dai cuong: 80/200 don vj hgc trinh (thudc Bd Y tl), cic trung tdm y t l cic bd ngdnh, cdc tmng - Kiln thflc gido due chuyin nghiip: 120/200 don vi tdm y t l du phdng cic tfnh, cic LOLD, v.v Nhiiu chuong hgc trinh trinh huan luyin dugc td chflc thdng qua cdc dfl dn, d l tdi Trong dd, khdi Iflgng kidn thflc bat budc, khung nfldc hoac cCia cdc td chflc qudc td Hiu hit cdc chflong trinh cho khdi kidn thflc ngdnh vdi 15 mdn hoc tmdng ky thuat (dai hgc vd cao dang) diu ed mdn hgc v l chuyin ngdnh ddnh cho ky sfl BHLD duge d l xua't xdy AT-VSLO d eae quy md khde dung nhu sau: kiln thflc ehung BHLD gdm nhflng van de Hiln nay, nfldc ta cd hai trfldng ddo tao ngdnh BHLO v l ludt phdp, chi dd, chfnh sdch vd tra; nguyin ly ky Id Tmdng OH Tdn Dflc Thing vd Tmdng OH Cdng dodn thudt an todn; xdy dflng tiiu chuan va quy chud'n ky thuat Ky Sfl BHLO tmdng ed nang quan ly, giam sdt quy an todn; an todn bflc xa; ky thuat an todn diin; an todn thiet trinh van hdnh SX d mdt co sd cdng nghiip, lap k l hoaeh bj ndng; an todn thidt bj ap lire; y hgc lao ddng, BNN va BHLO, dilu tra TNLD, xfl ly cic yiu td v l sinli mdi tmdng CXemf/epfrang48) Tinh hinh hud'n luydn AT-VSLD d Philippines Typ chi 12 BAO HO LAO DONG 11/2011 THUC TIEN KINH NGHliM - DOI MOI khan nfla qua trinh quin ly sau cai chfnh Id ddi tugng nghiln vd c i gia dinh hg khdng tfl gidc nin cdng an vd hdi ddng tu van quylt dinh dua di cai nghiln thi gia dinh lai dua di trd'n hoac cai nghiln ddi phd nin bi bat trd lai tfl cdc tinh thdnh khde rat tdn kim qud trinh dfla ddn ddi tflgng v l dia ban Bin canh nhflng khd khan "chd" Thdng tfl thi Odng Nai da til'n hdnh cdc biin phdp: thdnh lap Ban chi dao liln ngdnh gdm don vi Id Cdng an, LO-TB&XH, MTTQ, Tinh dodn, Sd GD-DT Sd Y t l vd Sd VH-TT-DL nham phd'i hgp quin ly, Theo dd, giao nhilm vu cu thd v l Trung tdm lao ddng xd hdi tinh tai Xudn Phu (Xudn Ldc) td chflc day bd tiie van hda cho 30 ddi tugng dgt vd du kil'n dgt s l til'p tuc day eho 50 ddi tugng; phd'i hgp td chflc tdng qua eho ddi tugng, giiip mdy tfnh hgc nghi, tdng phdng dgc sdch, giup sdn choi thd thao dd giiip ddi tugng d l cai nghiln Dilu quan trgng dd td chflc cai nghiln thdnh cdng Id phii giiip ddi tugng sau eai cd vile lam, hodc td chflc hgc nghi, hd trg vdn giup hg tao cdng dn vile Idm dn dinh cude sdng V I vin d l ndy, edn rd't nhiiu khd khan vi ddi tugng da di tfl trai cai nghiln khdng d l xin vile lam cung nhu khd khan khdng cd ngudi bio ldnh vay vd'n Cac cau lac bd phdng chdng ma tiiy mdi ddi, hoat ddng ehua sdu rdng nin hieu qua ehua eao Cd nhiiu y kil'n eho rang nin Idng ghIp cdc cudc van ddng nhu xdy dung ap van hda, khu phd van hda; xdy dung xa phudng trgng diem phdng chdng ma tiiy (la cude van ddng ed kinh phf) vdi xdy dung xa phudng ldnh manh khdng cd TNXH (khdng cd kinh phi) dd hoat ddng cd hieu qui hon, giam duge t l nan ma tuy, phdng ehdng ed hieu qua cdc TNXH trin dia bdn.Q XAY DUNG GIAO TRINH AN TOAN TRONG (TiSp theo trang 55) Sau khd'u vd di chuydn gid thuy luc hai ludng 0,8m tidn hdnh cdng tie thu hdi than ndc Vile thu hdi than ndc dugc tiln hdnh tfl dfldi chdn Id chg lin din diu Id chg Cd thd tiln hdnh chia Id chg thdnh tflng doan dd thu hdi Khi thu hdi d Id chg ed gdc ddc Idn phii Idm bara ngan dd't dd vd than, bara dflgc Idm bang lfldi thip B40 treo vdo xd gid thuy lue vd budc chat vdo xi lanh cdt thuy lue Vile thu hdi dugc tidn hdnh lin lugt tflng cfla thdo mdt tfl dfldi lin trin theo chilu ddc eua mdi doan thu hdi Dung chodng, xIng chgc than tfl cfla thdo vdo mdng tmgt Cdng tdc thu hdi than d mdt cfla thdo kit thflc da phd hoi d Idp vdeh chin lip hdt cfla thio than sau dd chuydn lin thio d cfla tidp theo, edng vile tiln hdnh tudng tu cho din hit doan thu hdi Cdng tdc thu hdi than ndc dugc tiln hdnh trin mdi cfla thdo gdm ngudi: mdt ngudi dflng canh mlp cfla thio phia trin dung chodng, xeng chgc than ludng mdng, ngudi thfl dflng ngodi quan sdt tinh trang Id chg de kip thdi bdo ngudi dflng vile lay than Sau thu hoi hit than trin todn tuydn Id chg tidn hdnh di ehuyen mdng tmgt sang vi tri sdt hdng cdt chdng ludng guong.G Tdi lieu tham khdo Le Vin Trinh - Tai liiu tap huin ve bio ve mdi trudng (TiSp theo trang 12) 2001 Viin Nghiin cUu KHKT Bio hd Lao dgng, Tii lieu tip Ecgonomi; PTBVCN sfl dung lao ddng edng nghiip; huSn vi bao hd lao dgng Hi Ndi - 2001 Ky thudt chieu sing; kidm soit tidng dn vd rung ddng; Viin Nghiin cUu KHKT Bio hd Lao ddng - Nh^g van cdng nghe xfl ly mdi tmdng khi; cdng nghi xfl ly mdi tmdng bin hudng din thuc hiin cdng tic bio hg lao ddng- NXB Lao nudc; quin ly chd't thii ran; an toan hda chd't, mdi tmdng ddng Hi Ndi 2003 va phdt trien Nguy§n Trinh Huang - Bio cio tong ket nhiim vu "Xi Nhu vdy, xua't phdt tfl thirc t l hiln thi nhu ciu v l dung chuang trinh mau tip huan vi AT-VSLD va Bio ve M ky su BHLO Id hodn todn ehfnh ding v i dang cd xu hudng trudng" 2002 Trudng Dai hgc Xiy dung - Bio cio tong ket nhiem vu gia tang Tuy nhiln de cd duge ddi ngu ky su BHLD ed chat lugng ddp flng dugc yiu ciu cua xd hdi ddi hdi su "Dieu chinh bS sung chuang trinh mdn hgc AT-VSLD cho trudng dai hgc, cao dang vi trung cip chuyen nghiep khoi no lire cua ei nhd trudng vd hgc viln Trong dd, mdt bd dung cdng trinh", 2009 gido trinh khung ehuan cd cha't lugng se la tiln d l cho Bg Giio due va Dio tao - Chuang trinh khung giio due chuong trinh ddo tao ky su BHLO Id ydu td quydt dinh hgc, 2009 gdp phan ddo tao hodn thiin ngudn nhdn lire v l BHLD Trudng Dai hgc Cdng doan - Bio cio kit qui khio sif dap flng nhu ciu xa hdi qua trinh hdi nhdp phat nhu cau dio tao ky subio hd lao ddng 5/2009 tridn ciia da't nude Cic thdng tin trin mang internet.\i^ 48 BAO HO LAO DONG 1l/2011 ... hinh hud''n luydn AT-VSLD d Malaysia hgc cdng nghi hiln d Vilt Nam Id vile Idm ein thilt Viln qudc gia v l AT-VSLO (NIOSH) Id co quan ehfnh nhim ddo tao cdc cin bd Idm edng tic AT-VSLO chuyin cung... tfl nhu ciu cfla thflc t l , mdt sd gdm: cdc khda hgc ndng cao nhdn thflc v l AT-VSLD; cdc chuong trinh cap chflng chf cho cdn bd AT-VSLO, bdc sy trudng dai hgc ky thudt khdc eung da bd sung mdn... Igi, Dai hgc Giao thing luyin: phuong phdp tap huin, gidi thieu AT-VSLO cho cdng van tii, tmdng Cao dang Xdy dung sd Hd Ndi, Cao nhdn xdy dung, van hdnh vd sfldung xe ndng an todn ; dang Thuy