VAN DUNG PHUlOlNG PHAP KHAM PHA TRONG DAY HOC MON TOAN L 6 P 4 Q ThS, L£ THj H O N G C H I '''' Dya trgn quan d i lm hudng vdo nguol hge, giup hge sinh (HS) ty tim kiem, khdm phd tri thuc mdi dya fren n[.]
VAN DUNG PHUlOlNG PHAP KHAM PHA TRONG DAY HOC MON TOAN L P Q D ya trgn quan d i l m hudng vdo nguol hge, giup hge sinh (HS) ty tim kiem, khdm phd tri thuc mdi dya fren n l n tdng fri thuc cu d d hgc vd vd'n kinh nghi§m sd'ng cua minh, dgy hge khdm phd (DHKP) dang ngdy edng ehi>ng td khd ndng ddp ung edc yeu cau ddi moi phuong phdp dgy hgc hien u bdi viet ndy, chung tdi mud'n trinh bdy mgt so vd'n d l ca bdn v l DHKP vd ede each xdy dyng bdi todn ed tinh khdm phd frong dgy hgc mdn Todn Idp M d t s6' vd'n d l CO b d n v l DHKP J^ Khdi niem DHKP Cho den nay, cd nhliu quan niem vi DHKP: V6IV^ Jenny vd J.W Leslie (2009), «DHKP Id mgt qud trinh, dd dudi vol trd djnh hudng cua ngudi dgy, ngudi hgc chu ddng vlic hgc tap cOa bdn than, hinh thdnh cdc edu hdi ddt tu duy, md rgng cdng viec nghien euu, tim kiim; lu dd xdy dung nin nhung hieu biet vd tri thuc mdi Nhi/ng kli'n thuc ndy glOp cho ngudi hgc trd ldi cdc cdu hdi, tim kli'm cdc gldl phap khdc digidi quyet edc van di, chung minh mdt djnh li hay mgf quan diem" (1) Theo Geoffrey Petty (2002J, khdm phd cd hudng don Id mdt v i dy eiio edeh H i p can «gidng dgy b^ng cdch ddt cau hdi" Gido vien ddt edu hdi hode giao bdl tdp yeu cau HS phdi h i Hm kiln thuc mdi - mdc du vdy, van cd huong dan hode ehud'n bj dde biet K i l n thuc mdi ndy duge GV ehinh sua vd kh6ng djnh Igi (2) Diem Igi ede quan nl§m tren ddy, ed t h i thd'y nhi/ng nhd nghien ciiu d I u ehuo dgt d i n sy dong thugn hodn todn v l khdi niem DHKP Tuy n h i i n , ndl toi DHKP Id d l edp viec "hinh thdnh ede cdu hdi, bdl tgp, ", «HS h/thyc hlSn cdc hogt ddng de frd loi cdu hoi, tim kiem gidi phdp, " vd «du6i sy hudng dan cuo G V " "xdy dyng nSn nhung h i l u b i l t v d tri thuc mdi" Tap chi Giao due so (ki i • j/aeia) ThS, L £ THj H O N G CHI' N h u vdy, theo ehung tdi, DHKP Id phuong phdp dgy hge, frong dd, dya tren nhung cdu hdi, bdi top djnh hudng khdm phd, GV hudng dan HS hogt dgng d l h/ tim kiln thuc mdi Theo quan nidm ndy, ed t h i thd'y: - DHKP nhd'n mgnh vdo cdch thuc, dudng tim kiem tri thue mdi d y a tren tri thuc eu vd vd'n kinh nghiem cua HS; - De dgt duge edc muc tigu hge tdp khdm p h d , khdng chi k i t qud md qud trinh khdm phd vd qud trinh tu Id dieu quan t r g n g ; - Trong DHKP, HS ehi3 dgng chiem h'nh tri thuc thong quo qud trinh boat dgng khdm p h d ; - Cdu hdi vd cdch ddt cdu hdi chiem vl tri vd eung quan trgng vd cdn thiet, trd thdnh mgt chien luge DHKP; - K i t qud cua DHKP Id HS vua cd dugc nhung tri thuc, kt ndng mdi vuo ndm dugc phuong phdp cd duge nhung tri thiJe, kT ndng d d 2} Bdl todn cd tinh khdm phd Di su dung phuong phdp khdm phd dgy hgc, can phdi xdy d y n g dugc cde bdt todn cd tinh khdm phd * Khdi niem vi bdl todn cd tinh khdm phd Theo GS Tran Bd Hodnh,