II «AC filEH CIAO TIEP CUA TRE Ttf KV Trd ty ky (TTK) Id nhftng trd thilu quan h | tilp xuc vl m$t tinh cdm vdi ngudi khdc; l̂ p lgi nhftng thdi quen hdng ngdy; c h ^ chd trong ngdn ngft ndi hodc ngdn[.]
II «AC filEH CIAO TIEP CUA TRE Ttf KV ThS Nguyen Thj Thanh THtdng CDSP Tmng uang T rd ty ky (TTK) Id nhftng trd thilu quan h | tilp xuc vl m$t tinh cdm vdi ngudi khdc; l^p lgi nhftng thdi quen hdng ngdy; c h ^ chd ngdn ngft ndi hodc ngdn ngft ndi khdc thudng; cd nhihig hanh vi rgp khudn, djnh hinh; khd ndng tu trim tugng kdm Hidu dugc nhumg ddc didm eua TTK ndi chung hay nhftng d^c diem giao lidp ciia TTK ndi rieng s6 gdp phan quan trgng vdo viec nang cao hipu qua qud trinh can thidp vd chfta tri cho TTK DAC DIEM GIAO TIEP CUA TRE TV KY Su hgn chi trin binh diin quan hi Trd bj suy gidm nhidu tuong tdc qua lai vdi mgi ngudi, hau hdt TTK bidu hien sy cd lap, thfch choi mpt minh, teanh giao tiep vdi cac bgn Mgt sd Ire rat ngoan, yen tTnh, khdng thfch choi vdi Khdng thich giao tiep mdi, khdng cd dau hidu dang lay mudn bd bdng, khdng bidt chi ngdn chd vd nhin theo hudng chi tay cua ngudi khdc, khdng sg ngudi la va cung khdng than thipn vdi ngudi chdm sdc Khdng phdn img dugc ggi ten, trdnh ne giao tiep bang mdt nhung lai cd thd nhin cham chii vdo mgt didm md trd thich, kha ndng gdn bd vdi ngudi than rdt kern, khdng bam theo cha mp gidng nhu tte binh thudng Su hgn che nghe hieu ldi noi Tre khdng quan tam ddn ldi ndi cua doi tugng giao tilp Trd khdng he cd phdn ung goi tdn minh, khdng quan tdm den mgi ngudi xung quanh, khdng ldm theo nhftng hudng dan ciia ngudi khdc dd trd van cd cdc kT ndng nghe nhu trd blnh thudng Mftc dg phdt trien khd ndng nghe hilu ldi ndi giao tilp ciia TTK Kit da dang Mgt so tre hieu ngdn ngft khdng ldi mpt edch de dang, edn nghe hidu ngdn ngft ndi lgi g$p rat nhilu khd khdn, vgy qua trinh giao tidp vdi Ire thugc doi tugng cdn su dyng ngdn ngft giaotieptdng thd ldi ndi kem theo cu chi, dnh mdi, net mdt Trong qud trinh nghe hieu thi qua trinh xu ly tfn hipu giao tiep hay xu ly thdng tin ciia TTK cham ehgp Nghe mgt liic Ire mdi hieu va tbyc hipn mpnh Ipnh theo yeu cdu Cdn nguyen cua vdn dd tten Id thdng tin truyen len riao co mgt vung tren nhiem sdc the 11 cd gen d^c bipt la gen neurexin 1, neurexin thugc dgng cdc gen chju ttdch nhipm giup le bdo than kinh Hdn lgc vdi nhau, bj loi nen qud tiinh lidn lgc, xu ly thdng tin cua trd ty ky bj chgm, khdng chinh xdc Bdn cgnh ddteongqua trinh nghe hieu ldi ndi giao tiep, TTK cdn g$p khd khdn doi tugng giao tiep ndi qud nhanh, dftng nhieu nhung tft lg, phftc tgp Tre hieu nhftng ngi dung giao tilp quen thugc cdn nhftng gi xa Ig thi tee ggp khd khdn Ngdy nhan bai 15/10/2012 Ngdy duyit dang 25/12/2012 42 • TAP CHITHIETBI GIAO Dgc-SO 89-01/2013 Von tij ciia trd nghdo ndn, don dipu, cau tnic ngft phdp thudng bj sai, dd ciing la nguydn nhdn trd gdp khd khdn nghe hilu cdu ndi phftc tgp chfta nhilu thdng tin Trong qud trinh nghe hieu ngi dung g^iao lidp TTK cd thugn Igi ndu cd tdi lipu tryc quan, cd nhihig hinh dnh miiih hog thi trd cd the de ddng hieu vd tu Khd ndng chyp hinh ciia TTK rat lot Tre khdng hieu dugc nhiimg tft trim tugng, cdeh ndi an dy, so sdnh, vi von, bdng gid Nhirng gi tee biet duge, hieu dugc ddu cdn phai cd hinh dnh tryc quan Vf dy hdi tte hinh gi ddyl cd hinh anh tryc quan tre trd ldi hinh tam gidc"? Hinh tam gidc CO mdy cgnh? Trd trd ldi cd cgnh? Khdng cd hinh dnh tryc quan trudc mdt, hdi tre hinh tam gidc cd mdy cgnh thi dd la mpt bdi loan vd cimg khd khdn ddi vdi trd, ttd khdng trd ldi dugc Chinh vi thl TTK hgn che ttong nghe hidu ldi ndi lidn quan ddn tu triiu tugng vd tu Idgich Tre g$p khd khdn _ ttong cdc linh huong giao tiep ddi hdi phdi tu triiu tugng, suy lugn, phan doan nhu : Khi ngudi me ndi "me ddi bun^' tte khd cd thd hinh dung la mp ddi bung thi me can phai dn mgt cdi gi dd Hogc d ldp cd cac gdc choi, cd gido ndi "con CO thich choi ddng vai khongT^tedndi Id "co g" cd gido mdi ted choi ciing vdi cdc bgn nhung tee ggp khd khdn khdng bidt cdeh choi ted II choi ddng vai nhu thd ndo Ngdn ngft ldi ndi Id mdt kenh quan ttgng ttong chuyen tdi thong tin giua eon ngudi vdi ngudi Thdng qua cdng cy ndy chp phdp ngudi ITnh hgi kien thftc tft mpi ngudi xung quanh vd tft cac phuang tipn truyen thdng khac Da sd TTK gdp khd khanteongvipc nghe hilu Idi noi, dieu dd dnh hudng true tiep tdi ngdn ngft didn dgt vd su phdt teien nhgn thuc cua tie Tat cd nhimg didu tren Id mpt Id hdng sdu tdn tgi nao bg ciia TTK Cha mp vd giao vidn cung nhihig ngudi tham gia chdm sdc, gido due TTK can tim cdeh lap ddn Id hdng ay vd day eho Ire biel dong cdm, chia se, giao tidp vdi mgi ngudi xung quanh Su hgn che dien dgt ldi noi Sy khiem khuydt kha nang dien dgt, su dyng ldi ndi ttong giao tiep d TTK rat phd bien va thd hidn d nhidu dang khac Phan ldn mde phat tnen ngdn ngft ndi cua TTK deu chgm hon so vdi tie binh thudng Hdu hit TTK deu gap khd khan ttong didn dgt_ Idi ndi, mdt sd tte khdng^ hieu ngudi khac ndi gi ndn dan tdi khdng biet noi gi Mdt sd tee khdc hieu ndi dung giao liep nhung kfa^ng ndi Tre hgn chd teong dien dgt ldi ndi mdt cdeh khd hieu, CO quan bd mdy cau am hoan todn binh thudng, bet rat lo, gigng khoe, hodn todn cd kha nang ndi rihimg khdng ndi Khi giao tilp vdi nhftng ngudi xung quanh, tee thudng CO anh mdt nhin Idng ttdnh, khdng nhin vao mdt, ngudi khac ttd chuyen de nhgn bidt ndo tdi phien minh ndi ehuypn, ndo nhudng cho ngudi khdc Khi trd mudn dilu gi Ire khdng dimg ldi ndi dd ydu cau, khdng nhin vdo mat ngudi khac, khong dung cdc tin hipu eft chi dd bdo cho ngudi khdc bill md thudng den kdo lay hg den cho trd can (ddi vdi trd bdn tay, quan trgng hon khudn mdt) Trong qua trinh giao tiep ngdn ngft bidu cam, thl hien cam xuc giao liep d TTK hgn che Ranh gidi gifta nidm vui vd ndi budn d TTK rdt khd phan bidt, khd cd the nhin thdy hinh dnh thl hidn trdn khudn mat cua tte the hien niem vui, hgnh phiic cho tdng eho tte mdt mdn qua tre ma tre thich CJ mdt sd tte mde chimg nhai ldi, tre nghe nhu the nao, ndi nhu the khdng cd qud trinh xft ly tin hidu tren nao Tre lap lgi mdt edch mdy mde den timg chi lidt mdt vdi cdu ndi ttong chuong trinh quang cdo dugc phdt di phdt lgi nhidu Ian ttdntivi.Tre dgc ttdi chdy mdt dogn van hay, bdi bdo-.rihung khdng hieu y nghTa eua ldi ndi minh vfta ndi la gi Vi dy, gap tte gido vidn nhac Con chdo co dil tre nhac lai Con chdo co di\ Tri lieu cho nhung Ire gdp rat nhieu khd khan.,Bdi vi he thdng cdc sgi day thdn kinh ttdn nao cua tte khdng cd sy lien kdt gifta cdc vimg vdi Bdi vi tiiuy nao trudc gidng nhu tdng gidm ddc didu hanh cua vd nao khdng hogl dgng Khdi dilm cua qud trinh phdt triln ngdn ngft didn dgt Id tte ty ky phat am cdc nguyen am, phat nhung dm vd nghTa sau bdt chudc ngudi ldn ndi, phdt dm Tham chi d mdt sd ttd bdt chudc nguydn ban gigng ndi cua ddi tugng giao tiep Ngdn ngft dien dat giao tilp d tte ti^ ky don dipu, nghdo ndn ve vdn lu Trd gdp khd khdn qud trinh tao cau ttong giao tidp cd kel cau cau ddy dii chu ngft, vi ngft, cdc lidn tft nhu thi,^ Id, md TTK bj khiem khuyet cd binh dipn nghe hilu vd cd binh dipn diln dgt, vi thl dil ed hgc hdng ngan tu vyng, nhung tre cung gdp khd khan ndi chuydn, giao tidp Da sd tre it khdi xudng cudc giao liep, hga chdng ttd chi ndi tte can cdi gi dd, bdi vgy dii la dfta Ire len tudi, len tudi thi ngdn ngft cd ludn bj khdng che d muc hgn hep nhu tren Mdt sd TTK chan doan d dang Asperger thi lai cd ngdn ngu khac thudng^ tre gidng nhu d dang than ddng, hidu vd ndi d dang cao hon muc binh thudng nhimg giao tidp tre gap khd khan khdi xudng cudc giao liep vd tri cugc hgi thogi ttong giao tidp CJ mgt sd f I TTK thi gap phai hidn tugng ngdn ngu thodi lui, biet ndi, bidt giao tidp vdi mgi ngudi xung quanh nhung sau lai Ididng ndi nua Su hgn chi phdt trien von tir Cd the ndi day la dau hieu dd nhan thdy nhdt d TTK, vdn tft cuattdngheo nan,, don didu Gigng ndi deu deu, khdng bidt bidu cam qua gigng ndi, khdng bidt ndi thdm, ndi tidng gio, thich dgc thogi, khdng bidt gift vihig cudc ddi thogi Khd khan teong vide dung dai tft nhdn xung Nhilu ndi khdng lidn quan den tmh hudng giao tidp, ndi dung giao tidp Didu dd dan den sy hgn TAP cm THIET B| GIAO DMC-Sd 89-01/2013 • II che teong phdt ttiln von tft, ngdn ngft phdt ttiln chgmkdo tiieo tu phdt triln c^|m .Moi TTK diu cd nhftng bicuhipn giao tilp khdc,|ihau Cd nlhfhig trd khdng hidu ndi a9ttg glfto tilp, khdng-biet giao tiep, khdng bilt ndi Cd nhihig trd hilu ngi dung giao tidp nhung khdng ndi, khdng mudn giao tilp, Cd nhirng trd ndi dugc nhung lgi mde chftng^, nhgi Idi Dilu dd dnh hudng true lidp den khd ndng giao tiep cua TTK, ciing nhu anh hudng den sy hinh thdnh yd pbdt ttien tri tup ciia Ire Ndni vflng dugc ddc diem giao tidp cua TTK sg giiip cho chiing ta cd dugc bien phdp giiip tre phdt trien giao tiep dd dang vd khoa hoc ban II NHU'NG K H O KHAN T R O N G GIAO T I E P CUA TRE TV KY I Kho khdn sd dung cdc phuong tien giao tiep phi ngon ngir cua TTK a Thidu sy tuong tdc mdt Tre khdng nhin vdo mat ngudi khdc de cd dugc Ihdng lin, cd nghTa Id nhin vdo sy thay ddi net mdt dd dodn bidt cdm xuc, quan didm dd hidu dugc ngudi ddi didn dang mudn ndi dieu gi vd hg hdi long hay khdng hdi long qua dnh mat, net m^t dy Trd khdng hidu dugc nhftng gi md ngudi khdc cd thd bieu lp qua dnh mat vd net mat dd the hipn nhiing y tudng, nguypn vpng hay hdnh vi ciia minh Nhung ngugc igi, vdi nhimg vat md chung thich thi chiing cd the ngdi choi hdng gid ma khdng chan Gidng nhu vdi chuong trinh tivi md chiing ydu thfch, chiing CO the ngoi xem chdm chu sudt cd Vdi nhimg thft md chiing quan tam chung 44 thl hipn sy chu y d?ic biet din mftc dudng nhu qudn het mgi thft Mgi thft d xung quanh cung khdng cd dnh hudng tdt chung, kc cd cdc am Giao -tilp bdng mdt kem ldm dnh hftdng tdi giao liep xd hgi vd khd nang bdt chudc ldi ndi Vi v§y,' TTKilhudng gdp khd khdn g i a O ^ ^ , dae bi^t vipc plial dm cung nhu Irong vipc su d^ing ldi noi Vipc bici chia sd quan tam, chiJi "^ ddn mgi van de sd giup cho ITK hgc dugc nhidu dieu qua ngudl khdc,