1 Trade Science Revieui 2 2 (2014) 39 50 ISSM 1S59 366E CVCU''''STSR EFFECT OF REMUNERATION AND LEADERSHIP STYLE TO MOTIVATION OF TEACHERS RESEARCH IN BINH DINH Mai Thanh Lan Vietnam University of Commer[.]
ISSM: 1S59.366E Trade Science Revieui 2:2 (2014) 39 - 50 ^1 CVCU'STSR EFFECT OF REMUNERATION AND LEADERSHIP STYLE TO MOTIVATION OF TEACHERS - RESEARCH IN BINH DINH Mai Thanh L a n Vietnam University of Commerce EmaU: mailan.dhtm@gmail.com Recaved: S"^ September 2014 Revised: ^ September 2014 T ^ % ractical research shows that there are many factors that affect on the motivation of teachers, especial^fc ly in the current context A number of factors may be mentioned such as remuneration, working conditions, leamers leadership style, personality, Within the scope of this paper, the author conducted the study to find out the effects the two factors that remuneration and leadership style on the motivation of teachers in the Binh Dinh province Then, the author proposed a number of recommendations to enhance the motivation of teachers on this locality Keywords: motivation, remuneration, leadership styles, teachers, Binh Dinh Province Introduction Resohition of the National Party Congress XI asserted: "Development of education is a top national B poUcy Innovation conq)reheiisive basic education in Vietnam towards standardization, modernization, [9 socialization, democratization and intemational integration " To iimovative basic and comprehensive education should be conducted in a uniform lot of solutions In particular, the teachers can be seen as the key stage and crucial for improving the quaUty of education In order to make a substantial improvement to the teachers, to build a team of teachers who spend their whole time in tiie education, the govemment should have more effective policy in motivating them But the fects showed fliat fliere are many Umitations in motivation policies for teachers So the research on motivation of teachers in tiie present context is really necessaty, to provide suggestions for poUcy development process remuneration of teachers, motivating tiie teachers wholeheartedly, fiiU attention to flieir worit, contributing significantiy to flie countty's education reform Literature review 2.1 An overview of relevant research There has been a lot of research focused on topics related to motivation for teachers A number of studies including: Shaon's research (1998) shows that the leaders, especiaUy leaders directiy affect job satisfaction of teachers, the high level of unsatisfaction was showed when teachers have to work under the poor leadership (Incompetence, apathy, not canng about others) Study of Eyal and Roth (2011) has demonstrated leadership, leadership style, poUcy management, colleagues have great influence on the motivation of teachers Anderson (2003) carried out research on the motivation of faciUty in the field of science and technology in Belgium, the result showed that there are six mam factors affecting the motivation including nationality, age, gender, seniority, qualifications, the provisions in the motivational and income Mobr & Zoghi (2008) said that like many other professions, income is a factor to be concerned with the majority of teachers Research of Davis & Wilson (2000) indicated working conditions such as woric environment and the classroom _TRADE SCIENCE 'REVIEW Trode Science Revieui environment (Ughting, sanitation, equqmient for teaching and leaming) that affect on the teachers If tfie above conditions are not good not only affect the psychological but also affe^ on tbe health of teachers Mohr & Zoghi (2008) focused research on the factors affecting the level of job satis&ction of teachers at tfie University of Bu-AU Sina, studies have shown tfiat tiie job itself is the biggest fector have the greatest i n t a c t on satisfaction However, tiie working conditions factor have the lowest inqiact The sttuly also shows flie demognqihic characteristics such as age, seniority, also related to the level of job satisfaction in general Gupta, Gupta, & Commerce (2010) showed the strongest impact factor to job satisfection of teachers in univeisities in the context of researeh is tfie work itself, the woric gives them the autonomy and flexibility Detected in studies of Shah, Muhammad et al (2012) have also indicated a close relationship satisfaction in the woric of teachers with intrinsic motivation of their work If teachers woric under high pressure that leads to great stress, thereby limiting their motivation Gi^ta et al (2010) also pointed out opportunities for leaming, professional growth factor following a strong impact on job motivation of teachers If teachers have the opportunity to see their woric will be motivated to woric better, more responsible for their own organizations Gupta et al (2010) m their study also foimd that social recognition ofthe profession is one ofthe essential and core factor that affect on the job satisfaction of teachers At the time of the two stodies also showed that job satisfaction of teachers can be changed according to age and seniority, with differences in job satisfaction between male teachers and female teachers The male lecturer with the low satisfied tend to find anotfierjob Marital status fectors not affect the job satisfaction of teachers Researeh by Gupta et al (2010) showed tfiat flie work environment, workmg atmosphere can affect tfie motivation of teachers Alam & Farid (2011) choose the sample witii 80 teachers in 10 high schools in the Rawapindi city in order to find tiie fectors affecting motivation ofthe teachers in these schools The results showed that most ofthe teachers had difficulty m life and tfie disproportionated payment made them dissatisfied at their woric Also in this stody the authors found that teachers are not happy with flie attitude of pupils and students These are factors tfiat affect tibe ^ * TRADE SCIENCE REVIEW = ^ = = ^ ^ ^ = ^ = ^ ISSN: S » ^ CVCU'STSR motivation of teachers Those factors that was mentioned in this researeh had tfie different fiom OOBJ other professions (Inamitilah, Hussam, & Ud Din, 2011) and his colleagues have studied and indicated tiiat if the school has financial incentives for teachen in their work will make them better morale, fliis will cause enhance work efficiency At tfie same time tbe author and his coUeagues also found that the social stt tus of the teaching profession fltet affect job peritHinance of teachers The social status also can be seen as the factors help the teachers stick with their careers over However, the author found that their is not much researeh on the desire ofthe faciUty of social status In this regard, the scientists in the countty also hu some studies, but not much These include a number of stodles such as: Pham Hong Quang (2010) conducted the researeh to find the motivation for the university lecturer in the current concUtions Research of Nguyen Trong Hoa (2010) mentioned about the non-economic factors to motivate teachers of primaty schools in Thanh Thuy district, Phu Tho province Nguyen Van Luot (2011) did the study pointed out tfie &cbHS affecting the motivation of preschool teachers in three provinces of Hai Duong, Vinh Phuc, Bac Ninh including factors subjective and objective factors NgiQVD, Thi Thu Thuy (2011), exammed tfie factors tfiat i n p i on job satisfaction of lecturers in Ho Chi Mmh City, The results showed that, in general, the lecturers in tiie Ho Chi Minh city were not satisfied with their worit; and there are four main factors impact on the lecturers' satisfaction in the san^ile included: job charactenstics, income, leaders and colleagues Nguyen Quang Kinb (2011) in the study of Government policy for secondaty teachers have analyzed the challenging problem due to economic development - social developmeot in general teachers that created some challenges that education field feces in the c^iacity building high coaif^ tent teachers and motivate thetiL Stody of NgiqnD Thuy Dung (2012) found flie relationship related to the quality of education between teacher and student Thus, there have been ntmierous intemal and abroad studies on teacher's motivaticm Those research showed fliat a number of factors aflfect on flie teacher's motivation included: the jcA> itself; income (sahuy and bans); Working conditions; Woric environment; Learning opportiinlties, professional development; Social status; Students (leameis); CoUeagues (relationships and siif- rocte Science Review ISSN: 1859-3666 CVCU'STSR ort m woriring among peers); TTie , tfiat they "must "not because they" wanttodo "(Assor, hip styles; PoUcy (q>ecified m flie motivational and Rotfi, & Deci, 2004) ticome); Age, gaider, senicMity, qualificatiwis Third,tfieself-perc^tion of teachers is also c