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N H I N RA NUOC NGOAI CHINH SACH THU HUT, TUYEN DUNG GIANG VIEN DAI HOC CUA MOT SO NUdC TREN THE Gldl VA BAI HOC KINH NGHIEM CHO VIET NAM NCS VU Dire LE* Dd gfip phfa thgc muc tieu dfil mdi cm bfa, to[.]
N H I N RA NUOC N G O A I CHINH SACH THU HUT, TUYEN DUNG GIANG VIEN DAI HOC CUA MOT SO NUdC TREN THE Gldl VA BAI HOC KINH NGHIEM CHO VIET NAM NCS VU Dire LE* D d gfip phfa thgc muc tieu dfil mdi cm bfa, tofa dign ndn giio due dai hpc (GDDH), mdt nhtag itoflm vu cdp bich hfag diu li phai phit trien mmh, bdn vtog dfii ngu gifag vidn dgi hpc ei vd sfi lumg va chdt lumg vfli co eau, ty lg hgp ly Thfli gian qua, dfli ngfl gifag vifln, bfln egta totog dfing gdp quan ttpng chp su phit tridn ndn GDDH cda dit nudc vto cdn cdn bfic lfi mpt so bgn chg nhdt djto Vi viy, vige nghign cto tatog bdi hpc kinb nghigm cua mdt sfi qufic gia phat tridn vd chita sich, chidn lupc, giii phip xiy dtog vi phit tridn dpi ngu gitog vifln dai hpe se giup ehdng ta cd cii nhin tnto dien, khich quan, thvrc td hen dfii vdi dfii ngu giing vifln nufic, tu dfi, ggi md tatog hufag tigp cm mfii dd bfi sung, hofa toen cie chita sdch phu hgp, to tadm xiy dtog vi phit tridn dpi ngu gifag vifin dgi hpe Vigt Nam, dip tog ygu ciu dio tgo ngudn nhfa te ehdt lirong can, phgc vg sg nghidp cdng nghigp hda, hign dgi bda va hdi tadp qufic te Chfta sich thu hdt, tuydn dgng gidng vidn dgihpcdmfitsfi qufic gia bdn thg gidi a Hpp chung quoc Hoa Ky Vfii hg thfing GDDH da dgng (tratag cfing lap, tramg ta thuc, tratog cfing Q dfing ) d i dio tgo dupc mfit ngufin toan lgc ehit lutag eao, chigm tdi 40% tfing sfi lge lumg lao dfing qufic gia Nhtog nim qua, Hoa Ky da thuc hidn chinh sich tip tnmg ddu ta ngm sdch dd phdt tridn he thfing gido due qufic gia Ty le chi ngdn'^ sdch cho giio dgc, dio tgo ttong tfing gii tri^ sfa phim quoc nfli (GDP) lufln d muc cao (13,72%) so vfii Uid gidi (4%) Ngufin kmh phf Chfta phd Ufln bang ddu ta cho GDDH gdm ngufin cho sinh vign vay trgc tigp va nggfin eho cac giio su xudt sic nghifln euu Theo bang xdp hmg cdc tratag dgi hpc trfln thg gidi nim 2012 - 2013 cua Tgp chi Giao due Ttaes Higher Education, Hoa Ky cd 76/200 cic tiutag dgi hgc ttgn thd gidi duge xgp hmg (chigm 38%), trgng dfi tinmg tfip 10 (70%); 333 gidi Nobel/800 glii (chidm 41,6%) - la qufie gia efi taidu nhi khoa hpc dpat giii Npbel nhdt ttdn thd gidi ttong hnn 100 nim qua Chinh sich taydn dgng cua Hoa Ky khfing nghifing vd vigc xem xet die didm cfing vi6c hay vi to' viflc ldm m i thvrc hign thong qua xdt duygt hfi so td khip noi tten thg gifii vi phfing vfa tore tidp Tifiu chudn gitog vign dai hpe it toit phil cfi bfag thgc * D?i h9C Hai Dirong TIIP CHi Q U A N Lf NHA NUdc - sd 239 (12/2015) NHlNRANUdCNGOAl sy vi hiu hgt cfi bfag tign sy moi cfi thd Idm don xin vao tratag Thfing qua cie bufic nfip hfi so, phdng vdn vi thuygt minh ve cic cfing tr'mh khoa hgc mfit each efing khai tgi tnrmg, eic sinh vifln cfi quydn tham du vi cho y kien Ndu dupc tofa vdp, hg se thd viflc trpng mfit sfi nim nhdt djta, thutag d vj to' gifag vifln cdp (cfin gpi li giio su ttg ly - assistant professor) Trong khping thdi gian niy, bp phai gifag bii, nghidn cto va ed sfa phdm ngiiign eto, xudt bfa trgn cdc tgp chi khoa hgc Ddn cufii ky thu vigc, hfi so cda hg se dugc mflt hfli ddng dfic lip, gfim ea giio su trafag vi ngoii tramg xem xflt vi bd phigu kin dd quydt djnh hp cd dd nfag lge lam giing vien kbdng Ngu duge thfing qua, giing vien mfii ehinh thdc vao "bifln chd" eua OTitag Ngpii ra, Hoa Ky da thue hign chita sich mdi cie tai khoa hpc, giip su cd trinb dfi can, uy tin tu eic nufic trgn thg gifli, cac tai doanii nghiflp vd thgc tap, hgp tdc nghidn cto vi phfii hgp gifag dgy, tham gia cic de tii khoa hpc, hfif thip Cung vfii chign lupc phit tridn giin dge - ddo tao, vige diu tu khoa hgc - cflng nghg vi thgc hign chita sich thu hut nhfa tii, tgo moi tnrong, didu kign lam vide thufa lpi chp dgi ngfl giin su vi cic nhi khoa hpc hpgt dfing dugc eoi li ba tru cfit qum trpng, tgo tifl'n dd tato rflng va pbat huy vai ttfl, tiid mgta cua ddi ngfltiritiidc, dua Hoa Ky ldn vj tt cufag qufic sfi mfit ttdn thd gifii b Cpng hda Lidn bangDdc Tfing ngfa sich ddu ta cho giio due eda Due bfag nim li 5% GDP (trong dd GDDH, cao dfag chidm 24%) Cie tratag dgi hpc dugc giao quydn tg ehu vi cd tidng ndi rdt quan ttgng ttong viec phfa bign cdc chito sdch, cde vdn dd vd kiioa hpc edng nghe Hien Due cd khnfag 320 ttufag dgi hgc, cao ding vi thu hut h m triflu smh vign Dfli ngu gifag vifln dgi bpc bon 110 nghin ngudi ttong dd cd 40 nghin ngiroi li giio su Nhtag die didm nfii bit cua hg thfing dgi hgc Due li: thfing nbit giua giio dge dio tgo vi nghign eto khoa hgc, totog tod khoa hge lta dg'u la tatog ngudi thdy; cdc gimg vifln dugc gifag dgy tg gfa Ud'n vdi iiogt ddng nghidn eto dfic lip; eic hpe vifln dugc tg chpn trutag, tu to chpn giio su, ngita hpc, cich hpc vi thfli gim hpc Sita vifln dupc ddi xd nhu mflt ngufli trumg thdta, dpe lip vd cfi trich itogm voi cfing vigc cua mita Cic trutag dai hgc ctog dit tatog tigu chufa nghigm ngat ttong viec taydn chpn gifag vign c Xinh-ga-po Vdi chign lupc xiy dtog, Ufln kgt cic tratag dgi bgc phuong Tiy tgi ddt nufic, thu hut, su dung gidng vien ngogi qufie, dung tidng Anh lam ngfin ngfl gifag dgy chita, Xinh-ga-po cfi mpt hg thfing giio due die bigt, lign tgc dugc xgp hmg eao ttpng danh sieh eic nude cd ndn giio dgc tifln tidn taat thg gidi 10 nim qua Theo bio cio The Learning Curve 2014 cda Cflng ty Giio dgc Pearson, be thfing giio dge Xinh-ga-po dtag hgng d chiu A, chl sau Hfa Qufie va Nhit Bfa Chita sich thu hut gifag vign eao cip eda Xinh-ga-po ed nhidu didm khd gifing Hoa Ky, rdt bii bfa vi mang tinh chuyen nghiflp cao: dit mge tiflu thu hdt niifa tdi trude, sau dd mfii tidn hata phfa cfing cfing vigc eu the Xita-ga-po da ban hfah toidu co chd, chfto sach uu dii, dugc thvrc hign dfing bfi tu Chita phd, Bg Giao dge ddn cdc trutag dgi hpc dd tao dieu kign, mfii tratag lim viee, doi sfing vit chat, tinh thfa, co hfii thfag Udn nghe nghigp, co hfli nghign cto cho dpi ngu giing vien ngufli nuflc ngoii mufin ldm vige tgi Xinh-ga-po Chita phu Xinh-ga-pn d i xiy dtog chita sieh taydn mp toto tdi nufic ngnai TAP CHi Q U A N Lf NHA NUdC - Sd 239 (12/2015) NHlNRANUdCNGOAl cfi kita nghiem vi chit lumg tfit tau dfin bay vd tafa khau dd bu ddp vio sg todu hut tofa luc ttong nufic Chita tad chita sich niy ngn cie giio su, Ugn sy tu khdp noi trgn thg gidi, die bigt li eie nufic phit trign dgn gifag dgy vi nghifln eto tai Xitaga-pp ngdy cfag tfag Hien tgi, sfi lugng du hoc sinh ddn Xita-ga-po rat Ifa va nude niy ctag la mdt ttong nhtog trung tim dio tgo uy tin cda thg gioi vfli cic tratag dgi hpe dmh tigng, nhu Dgi hpc Cflng nghe Nanyang (NTU), Hpe vign phit todn qufa ly Xinh-ga-pn (MDIS), Dgi hoc Qufle gfa Xita-ga-po (NUS), Trutag Dgi hpe Quan triXita-ga-pp Dd thu hut tafa tdi, Xita-ga-po cd bfin trang tim voi nhidu bufic hd trg ngufin nhfa te ngfie ngoii djta cir Tnmg tim t t a ngufli tii; Trung tam gidp smh vifln cfl ky nang lim viec vi tieh Ifly kita nghigm; Trang tim gfa kdt vdi doata nghigp va giao due vd Tnmg tam hfi trg phit ttdn til nfag Chita sdcb cua Xinh-ga-po ve tafa lgc ctag ed hai cich thde rd ret, dd li uu dai, thu hut lao dgng chit lumg can vd lam viflc cho Xita-ga-po vi chu trpng dan tgp thep dja chi, tlu tnrong dfii vfii lap dfing dja phuang Tu nim 1997 ddn nay, giao due Xmh-ga-po ehuyen hufag mgto, hufag tfii sg sfag tgo, dfii mdi vi nghien eto Hon tteu toa khoa hgc, ky thuit vi quto ly eao cdp ngudi nudc ngoai dugc mdi ddn gitog dgy va nghifln cto d cic ttrong dgi hpc vi vifln nghifln eto Xmh-ga-po Su giao thoa tti thlic, kita nghiflm, phong each qua trinii dio tgo, nghifln cto, hgp tie trgn nhieu lito vvrc da gflp phto ntog cao chdt lutag dfii ngfl gifag vifln ttong nude cua Xita-ga-pp d Tnmg QuSc Nim 2012, Trang Qufic da chi hon nghin ty tafa dfa tg cho nghifln cto va phit tridn va ban 700 ty nhfa dfa te cho GDDH Dd thu hut cic chuyfln gia, giao su gifii vd cic tramg dgi hpe trpng nude, tu gifla tatog nam 90 thg ky XX, Tnmg Qude d i khdi xufag chita sich dai ngd mflt lto (cd thd ifln dgn ttigu nhfa dfa tg), thfag chuc, ttg cdp tai d, thim ehi tfag cfa hp cho gifag vifln Cd hai ttumg dgi hpc cua Trang Qufic Ipt vio top 100 btog xdp hgng dgi hpc thd gidi cua Ttaes Higher Education Theo chd tratmg, chinb saeh eua Trung Qufic, vific thu hut ngudi tai dugc thuc iilfln thflng qua "Kd hoaeh 100 ngudi" mdi nam cua Vign Hin lim Khoa hgc Trung Qufic va "Kg hoach nha khoa hpc Trafag Giang" cda Bg Giio due "Kd hogch 100 ngudi" dugc thvrc bifln tu nam 1994, la bign phip die bfgt cflng khai moi dd lua chgn nhto tdi va ngodi nufic, mdi ngufii dugc gidp trieu nhto dfa te dd giing day nghifln cto vi tridn khai khoa hoc mui nhpn, muc dich todm dan tgp, bdi dumg mpt lop tadn tdi Trung Qudc dam nhigm sd mgta cac linh vyc khoa hpe,gfio duc-dio tgoeugthgky XXI va kd hogcii da lua chgn duge htm 230 nhfa tii ntrdc va ngoii nudc "Kg hpgch tai khpa hpc Tramg Gitog" da mdi 114 ngudi dim taigm euong vj giao su eda cic trutag dgi hpc Chinh sieh niy tuin thu nguygn tie cgnh tranh rdng rii gifla cie tai khna hpc Trung Qude treng nude vi cie tai khoa hpc nude ngoif ttong vigc dtog ky thvrc hign cic de tii, du fa trpng didm Nhd vdy, chi sau mfit thdi gim ngdn, Trang Qufic da dgt dugc totog t h i t a cfing nhdt djta ttong vigc thu hut cic gifag vifln cap cap nufic ngoiL Hoa kieu va quan ttpng hon, khfch lg dugc dfif ngfl gifag vign nudc vuon Ign Hign nay, Trung Qufic dang thay ddf quan niem vd chita sieh thu hut ngufli tii dnufic ngoii nfii chung vi dfii TAP CHi Q U A N Lf N H A NUdC - Sd 239 (12/2015) NHiN RA NUdc NGOAl ngu gifag vifln nfii rigng, dfi li, khfing cfa ttd vd djta cu tgi qug huong m i lim viec, smh sfing tgl nufic sd tgi va phge vu Tnmg Qufic bfag lam viee bfa thfli gian, bfag chat xim, btog diu ta cda mita e Han QuSc Quy trinh tayen dtag gifag vifln cda Hfa Qufic dugc tiigc hien cflng khai, cgta trata cflng bfag va duge kigm sodt bdi don vi qufa ly nhan sg trang uong (Bfi Hata ehinh cflng vi An ninh) thflng qua td chue to taydn tip trung, he thfing taydn dmg dvia tten die diem nghd nghigp duge qufa ly bfii dem vj qum ly tato su trang uong vi cic co quan Ugn quan khic Cic dg to "Chit xim Hto Qufic 2005 2012"," Ngfii dgi hpc" da dugc ttidn khai vdi mge tigu tfag cutag nfag lgc gifag dgy va nghign cto de Hfa QuSc efi it tadt trutog dgf hgc nim ttnng data sich nhtog tratag dgi hgc hing ddu thd gifii, ddng thdi nhim thu but tuydn dgng khuang 50 "gido su - ngdi sao" ddn gifag day cdc chuong tttatiinfag, chufabjehn qude gia ed tag cu vign dat giii thutag Nobel ttong 10 nim tdi f Ma-lai-xi-a Chita phu d i dua chito sieh die bigt dd thu hut nhfa tii, bao gfim: (1) Chuong tt'mh tbu nhfa cic nhi khoa hgc Ma-lai-xi-a vi ngogi qufie dupc ttidn khai ta nim 1995 dp Bfi Khoa hpc vd Cfing nghg didu phfii vdi muc tigu eu thd taim thu bdt eic tai khoa bpc Ma-lal-xi-a vi ngpgi qufie phgc vg ygu can nghifln cto phit tten ttpng cae vign nghign cto cua Chita phd vi cic tnrong dgi hge; (2) Chirong trita hfii huong cua cie chuygn gia Ma-lai-xi-a d nudc ngoii dupc ttidn khai ta nim 2000 taim thu hut cic tt tiiiic Ma-lai-xi-a sfing ~|ni{oc ngoii trd vd phgc vg cie vien I cto vi cflng nghigp Ma-lai-xi-a Muc tieu cua Chugng trita niy li tao Ivrc lutag lao dflng dfag cdp qufie td Chirong trita dugc giao cho Bfi Nhfa te thuc hign g Thii Lan Chito phu Thii Lm d i dd xudt totog chita sach tadm phit ndn gitog due, tair ttog sfi lumg gifag vifln ttong cdc lita vvrc khoa hgc va cflng nghe, edp hge bfing cho cic gimg vifln khoa hge vi cfing nghfl cflng tau tten khai taifl'u ehfta sich mang lgi l