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PHAT TRlfN NANG LUG TONG HOP 0 MOT SO TRIIJING T i HOG VITT NAM TS DLTCfNG Q U A N G N G O C " Abstract Educational experts have idenafied the importance of educational polity and curriculum to develo[.]
PHAT TRlfN NANG LUG TONG HOP MOT SO TRIIJING T i HOG VITT NAM TS DLTCfNG Q U A N G N G O C " Abstract: Educational experts have idenafied the importance of educational polity and curriculum to develop, combine core competencies and skills for students to be able to respond to the global changes In this paper, we research on the integration of transversal competences in educational practice in some schools Vietnam reflected the direction and management: through teaching and learning; through the involvement of parents On that basis, draw some conclusions and proposed recommendations for the development af transversal competence for students to be more efficient N am hpc 2014 - 2015, dflpc sU tai trp cua UNESCO.chungtoidanghien cflu nang lue (NL) tonp hpp {Transversalcompetencies) nham hudng den cai tiiien viec hpc tap va phattrien toan dipn canhan, gom: iuduy phe pii^; tuduy sang tao; cong dan toan cau Khao sat (ttiang 10/2014} viec phat trien NL tong hpp dmot so bi/dng tieu hpc VietNam qua chinh sach nhatorc^g cung nhu viec thyc hi$n giang day tren eo sd nghien cflu van ban, dflgidday va hpc cua giao vien (G V), hpc sinh (MS); quan sat cac ho^t dpng cua nha tardng va su dung phieu hoi, tpa dam vcri 495 lupt doi tupng, gom: can bp quan li (7),(3V (138), HS (350) cua4 trudng tieu hpc: Phu Mau (ThiaThien -Hue); Hupng Long (Thua Thien - Hue); Ta Thanh Oai (Ha Npi); Thuc nghiem (Ha Npi], chung tdi thu dupc ketqua sau: 20 phuong phap day hpc (hoatdpng nhom, phuPng phap ban tay n§n bpt, ), ap dyng md hinh day hpe VNEN va khuyai khich GV sudung cae eong cy hdttptrong i6p hpc ttieo md hinh VNEN: gdc hpc t ^ , goc ttiuvien, gdc cpng dong, dieu em mucin na;-Toehflc hoat daig ngoai khda: h ^ ttudng hpc vdi hoat dpng rung chudng vang, ve tranh ve moi tmdng, lam san pham long den tflgiay bao, ton bia, li nhya, bich sua; xay dyhg hoat canh;ngay hpi tiet kiem nu6c;tiongcaytiiu6c nam phyc vu cho HS Idp 4,5; toehflc hpi "Moi tardng xanh", "Chung tay vi mdi tiirdng xanh, sach, dep"; - Chl dao GV tich hpp NL cong dan toan cau giang day, cuttle: chldao day tot cac mdn hpc cdmon Oao difc(mdn lipc cd nhieu eohaphattriaiNL nay), chi dao day hieu quanpidung Ljch su'dja phuong, hoatdpng giao dye ttuyen thong va phoi hpp vdi cpng dong dia phuong degiao due HS Ve chinh sach va cong tac quan li, chi dao 1.1 Vechid^o cua SdGD-BT, Phdng GD-BT: - Tich hop hpp li cac npi dung giao dye: bao ve moi trudng, sudyng nang lupng liet kiem va hieu qua, quyen va bon phgn tre em, an toan giao ttidng, kT nang sc^g; ung vdi bien d a hau; - Dua cac npi dung giao due van hda ttuyen ttiong, di san van hda nhu hat dan ca, ttiam quan bao tang, ttd choi dan gian, vaonhafrudng;-D6imdid6ngbpphUPng phap day hpc, to'ehfle kifp hpe va danh gia HS nhim hinh ttianh va phattrien cac nhdm NL chuyeu vacac pham chat can ttiiet; • Chu frpng to chflc hoat dpng hpc va tro Choi hpc tap tflngtiethpc,giijpHS biet ket hpp ydi ban, hpc tap tflban, nhan xet giup dd ban ca v^ kien thuc va kTnang; - Budc dau thuc hien tfoi mdi danh gia HS n h i m hinh ttianh va phattrien cac nhdm NLva pham chat canttliet Ve cong tac giang day cua G V va hpc tap cua HS 2.7.Mdn Ape; cd 66,3-78,1% ykien HScho ring cae mon hpc: Toan, Ti&ig Viet, Khoa hoc, Miffiuat KiSiuei la nhflnq mon cd nhieu kha nang de hinh ttianh va phat ttien NL tu phe phan va sang tao cho cac em; cd 62,78-81,23% y kien HS cho ring cac mon hpc: Tieng Vidt, Hoatdgng tap the, Lich su va Dia ii, Dao ddcco nhieu co hdi d ^ hinh va phattrien NL eong dan toan eau eho cae em; co 6070% y kien G V cho rSng cac mdn hpc: Toan, Tieng Viet Khoa hocco nhi^u co hpi de hinh ttianh va phat trien NLtflduy phe phan va sang tao cho HS;cd6777% y kien GV cho rSng cac mon hpc: Tieng Viet, Dao duccQ nhilu co hpi de hinh tiianh va phattriai NL edng dan toan cau cho HS 12 Vephia nha truang:- Chl dao G V tich hpp NL tu phe phan va sang tao ttiong qua doi mdi * Vi^n Khoa hoc Giao due Viet Nam Tqp chi Giao due so 368 -rki2-10/2015) 2.2 Nhdng phuang phap/kTthuat day hgc cua G v.-Cd60,1 -88,2% y kien G V eho ring eae phuong phap: dong vai, giao nhiem vu,tt-dchoi, day hpc nhom, dat cau hoi, dpng nao la nhflng phflpng phap ed kha nang cao viee hinh ttianh va phat ttien NLftJ phe phan va sang tao; - Cd 62,7-76,4% y kien G V cho rang cac phuong phap: dat cau hdi, ddng vai, day hpc nhdm la nhflng phuong phap co kha nang eao viee hinh va phattrien NL edng dan toan cau 2.3 Cac hinh thuc hgc tap:-Co 61,8-64,6% y kien G V cho r§ng toehuc hpc tap theo hinh thirc: ve, viet hoac van nghe, ttidi trang gdp phan hinh va phattrien NL tuduy ph& phan vasang tao; cd 58,259% ykien GV cho rang td'chuc hpc tap ttieo hinh tiiflc: van nghe.ttidi ttang hay ve, viet hoac ttiam quan ngoaikhoag^ phan hinh vaphattrien NLcdng dan toan cau 2.4 Banh q^ viec day cua G V: - Ve mat nqi dung GV tnjyen tai day du cac npi dung day hpc, frongddcdmptsonoidung lien quan den tich hc^NL tong hpp dupc long ghep bai hpe Vi dy: ve tinh ban; ve nhung viec "nen lam" va "khong nen lam" tieng phdng tranh tai nan dua nudc; phdng chay d nha hoac cdchay xay ra; phdng tranh bj xam hat tinh dye, ; - Phuang phap day hoc: ket hpp thuyet trinh vdi toehifc cac hoat ddng lam viee nhdm, hoat dpng ca nhSn, ddng vai, dua phan bien, tu nghien eflu SGK va dua cac cau tra Idi ttieo togic cua ban ttian, tflbao vecho quan diem cua ban than Phuong phap day hoc dUPcGVsfldynp kich ttl ich UJ phe phan va sang tao, each GV td chflc va nhSc nhd HS lam viec nhdm,giflginkilulit chung cua Idp bfldc dau ren tuy^n NLcdng dan toan eau.Dac bipt, HS m^c ldi, GVratnhenhan^, phan tich vanhan manh viec sua sai se giup HS tien bd hon, c^uan trpng la bay tdquan diem ttiise cddjnh hudng de sua ehfla.Tuy nhien,cd gid dgy, GV mdi chi dflng laid viec giup H S c d dupc nhan ttiflc ve van de minh dang hpc chfl chua tao dleu kien td'i da de phat ttien hai NL nay; - Vetochdc idp hga Ldp hpc dupc chia ttianh cac nhdm ttieo md hinh VNEN HS chu dpng tim hieu, nghi§n cflu bai hpc vdisuttcf giup cua G V Cac em coco hdi lam viec nlidm,(am vieccanhannhieu.Tuy nhien,mpt soHS y lai khdng tich eye ttiam gia cac hoat ddng nhdm nen chua tiilhi^n dupc NL; mot so Idp chia so nhdm HS dong nen V khdng quan xuyen dugc het cac nhdm ttong quati'inh hoatdpng 2.5 Banh gia vi$c hgc ciia HS: - Hgc thong qua cac hoatddng chinh kh6a:\\S tich cue ttiam gia vao (ki2-10/2015)- cac hoatdpng frong tiet hpe: thao luan nhdm sdi n6\ gio tay phat bieu frinh bay quan diem cua minh Khi G V hoac ban hpc dua phan bien eho cau fra Idi do, HS biet bao ve quan diem va sua sai sdt neu m§c phai HS tham gia ddng vai ftj nhien, xfl li tinh huong tot HS d tt^n Idp da dupc tim hieu nhung van de mang tinh toan cau nhu tiiien tai, bao lu,sundng len eua frai dat, khan hiem tai nguyen (chuyeu qua mon Tynhien -Xa hgi;Khoa hgc, Lich sd, Dja il) Tuy v^y, van cdn ed nhflng HS khong dam giP tay phat bieu, GV phai cht djnh Ben canh do, cung cd nhung HS van manh dan nhung khdng manh dan nhu tiiudng Dieu ddcho thay NL cdng dan toan cau cua HS cdn han che thdng^qua bieu hien tiep xiic vdi cpng dong rpng Idn van edn cd sfl mt re nhat djnh; - Qua cac hoat dong ngoai khoa nhu \ham gia lam saeh ngd,xdm,ti-6ngcayxanh,tr6ng hoa, rau, cay ttiuoc nam; dpn ve sinh Idp hpc; bieu diln van nghe dau tuan; hudng flng Gidtraidat; cham soc nghTa tiang liet sT; tuyen tiuyen ve an toan giao tiidnp; ttiam quan cac di tich lich sd, cac lang nghe tmyen ttiong Cac hoat ddnp hpc tap tren giup HS eo suhieu biet sau s5c hon ve mdi trfldng, quyen ngudi, nhflng gia ttj van hda tmyen tiiong cung nhu nang cao ttach nhiem eua cac em v6^ vai trd lamot ttianh vien cpng dong., 2.6 Su tham gia cua phu huynh va nha tnrdng: Phy huynh gifl vai trd quan trpng vipc tang cudng NL tong hpp cho HS Cac GV deu cho ring phy huynh can tao dieu ki§n cho eac eon dupc ttie hien nhflng y kien rieng cua minh cung nhu nhflhg phflpng an giaiquyet "khac bi&f vcri nhflng van de cac gap phai Cac trudng thiJc hien mo hinh VNEN cd su tham gia cua cpng ddng kha thudng xuySn thdng qua: hudng d i n HS ttiuc hien cae hoat dpng hpc tap dphan "Hoatddng flng dyng"; xay dyng khdng gian Idp hpc, gdc cpng ddng; tham gia vao mdt so hoatddng giao dye cua nhatmdng lUlotsonhan xetva kien nghj 3.1 Nhan xet: - Vecdng tac chi dao va quan iicua cac cap: + Van ban chi dao cua Sd GD-DT, Phdng GD-OT chua neu rove viec day hpc phat trien NLtu phe phan va sang tao, N L cdng dan toan eau cho HS;-t-Cac hoat dpng ttien khai nha tmdng tiiyc hien ttieo kehoach giao dye xay dyng tfldau nam hpc tren c o s d nhiem vy nam hpe Phdng GD-DT, Sd GD-DT ban hanh Ban giam hieu cac tmdng ehua cd chl dao cu ttie ve day hpc phat trien NL T u phe phan va sang tao", NL "Cong dan toan cau" cho HS Do vay, phatttiencae NL cho HS chua mang Tqp chi Giao due so 368 21 tinh chu dpng va chua mang tinh ehien luoc cdng tac eliidao; - Vecdng tac giang day cua GVva hgc tap cua HS:+ Ban giam hieu va GV deu chua dupe boi dudng chuyen mdn, nghiep vu cdndi dung lien quan den NL T a phe phan va sang tao", NL "Cdng dan toan cau", chua ttiuc suhieu het ndi ham khainiem nhflng NLtong hpp nen viec tich hop ttcng giang day cdn nhieu han che Ben c ^ h do, dieu klen han ehe ve CO sdvat chat va so lupng HS qua dong cflng la nhflng ttd ngai frong viee tich hpp nhirng NL plang day va hpc tap; - Viec tich hpp NL tong hop van ehua edvan b ^ chi daompt each chinh ttiong va cy the, GV lam ttieo cam ttnh va kha nang eua ban tiian la chu yeu 3.2 Kien nghi: • Doi vdicac cap quan li cht dao (Bg, Sa, Phong GD-DT), can: + Cd eac van ban chf dao ttie hien rd nhiem vy cy tiie cua nha tti/dng viec tich hpp NL tu ph§ phan va sang tao cung nhfl NL cong dan toan cau; + Dua ndi dung ve hai NL vao cac dm taip huan, boi dudng GV Npi dung tap huan can de cap den nhflng van dekhainiem, cae npi dung cdtiie tich hgp NL tdng hpp, each ttiflc thuc hien, phupng phap giang dayva hoat ddng danhgianhungNLnay; quy djnh chuan cua NL phfl hpp vdi lii^ tuoi, tam li, phu hop vdi thuc tiln chuong trinh hpc; + Dong bp hda thiet bi, dung day hpc vdi chuong trinh va SGKvacdduttiietbideHS dupc tu lam,tu trai nghiem, qua cac em mdi phat huy dupc NL cua HS, dong thdikhic sau kien ttiuc chat ehe gifla gia dinh, nha frudng va xa hdi de ttiuc hien hieu qua viec tich hop cac N L tong hop NL tfl sang tao va phe phan, NL cong dan toan cau rat can thiet cho H S tu cap tieu hoc Mac du chua cd nhung eh? dao cy the viec dayva hpc nhung ttidng qua doi mdi phuang phap day hpc va da dang hda hinh thflc hpc tap HS cflng da dan dupe hinh ttianh va phattrien cac NL nditren.Tuy nhien, d e p h a t trien NL cho cae em mpt each cd hieu qua can cd sudoi mdi mdt each dong bd tfl khau chinh saeh den viec thue hien giang day tai nha tmdng • Tai lieu tham khao BO GD-DT, UNESCO va Samsung Sang kien giio due vi sir phit tri^n ben vung tai Vi§t Nam (Bdo cdo t6m tit), 2014 UNESCO Integrating Transversal Competencies in Education Policy &Practice (Phase I) Regional Synthesis Report ERI-Net Regional Policy Study Series, 2014 nm liieu disan van hda phi vat the (Tiip theo trang 35) Thai 6- My XuySn, Sfic TrSng • Dmi'i g6c nhin thi phap the loai NXB Vdn hda - Thdng lin, H 2014 (2)Nguygn Phan Quang - Lfi HOu Phuti-c Hfii dip vfi cuSc Khdl nghla TnioTig Dinh NXB Tri, TP Hfi Chi Minh 2008 (3) www.namlcUuctinh.com: "Ca dao, d9n ca Kinh xang, Cuu Long" (d3n theo NguySn Van Ba) (4) Bdo Cdn Tha Online (www.baocanlho.com.vn): "Til ca dao vk vfe, hi^u them v6 qufi huong Cin Tho^' (din theo Xuan Nhi) (5) www.dacohoailang.com: "Liftn khdc Li Nam ky lyc tinh" (dSn theo L6 Thknh COng) Tai li^u tham khao B6 GD-DT - BO VSn h6a - Thg thao vk Du ljch COng van stf 73/HD-BGDDT-B VHTTDL ngSy 16/01/ 2013 vi vi^c hiring d5n"5(i' d^ng di sin vdn hda dgy hgc & truong ph3 thdng trung tdm gido ditc thu&ng xuyin " Phan Ngoc Lifin - Tnnh Dinh Tung - Nguyfin Thi •D&vdiG V, can: + Tham gia tich cue boi dudng Cdi Phmmg ph^p d^y hpc Lfch su NXB Dgi hgc Su v l ndi dung, phuong phap day hpc cung nhu each phgm H 2002 ttiflc to chut kip hpc de du kha nang giang day tich Phan Ngpc Lifin (tdng chu bifin kifim chii bifin) hop nhflng NL nay; + Cd bd cdng cu chuan cho tajpg Lich siir n NXB Gido dftc Vi^t Nam, H 2009 Bao Djnh Giang ThftySoi yfiu nmj'c Nam b9 nita toaiNL,ttpngddneuro cac khai niem,npi ham, mflc sau th^ ki XIX NXB VOn hgc TP Hfi Chi Minh 1977 dp yeu cau, danh gia tien khai tflng loaiNL Nguygn Phan Quang - Lfi Htm Phudc Khoi nghla • Dawiicgngdong, can:Tang cudng suphdihpp Tnitrag Dinh NXB Tri, TP Hfi Chi Minh 2001 - Da vdi Ban chi dao dot mdi chuang trinh va SGK pho'ffiong sau nam 2015, can: long ghep npi dung hai NLfrong cac mdn hpe, hoatdpng giao due - Doi vdi nha kut^g, can: + Chu dpng xay dung kd'ho^ch cd long ghep tich hop NLUr phe plian va sang tao cung nhu NL cdng dan toan eau cae hoatdpng cua nha tn/dng; chu y tdi viec giam sat, kiem tra va danh gia viec tiiuc hien ke hoach; + Xay dung mditmdnggiaodyc lanh manh, mditiirdng hpc tap tich cuc Dam bao dieu kien ve cp sdvat chat, che dpchinhsach cho GV de'ttiuc hien tich hop hai NL cd hidu qua 22 ^PP chi Gido due so 368 -(ki 2-1012015) ... hoat dpng ttien khai nha tmdng tiiyc hien ttieo kehoach giao dye xay dyng tfldau nam hpc tren c o s d nhiem vy nam hpe Phdng GD-DT, Sd GD-DT ban hanh Ban giam hieu cac tmdng ehua cd chl dao cu... NL nay; + Cd bd cdng cu chuan cho tajpg Lich siir n NXB Gido dftc Vi^t Nam, H 2009 Bao Djnh Giang ThftySoi yfiu nmj''c Nam b9 nita toaiNL,ttpngddneuro cac khai niem,npi ham, mflc sau th^ ki XIX... lieu tham khao BO GD-DT, UNESCO va Samsung Sang kien giio due vi sir phit tri^n ben vung tai Vi§t Nam (Bdo cdo t6m tit), 2014 UNESCO Integrating Transversal Competencies in Education Policy &Practice