CAC CHIEN LimC DAY GlilA SINH VIEN NHAM TANG DAN TiNH TirONG TAC VIEN TRONG HOC TAP (i DAI HOC Chuong trinh day hpc (DH) djnh hudng chua''''n dau ra (outcomes besed curieulum OBC) hay ndi each khac la dj[.]
CAC CHIEN LimC DAY GlilA SINH VIEN NHAM TANG DAN TiNH TirONG TAC VIEN TRONG HOC TAP (i DAI HOC ThS C huong trinh day hpc (DH) djnh hudng chua'n dau (outcomes besed curieulum - OBC) hay ndi each khac la djnh hudng ket qua dau dupe ban den tddau nhdng nam 90 eiia the kl XX cang nhan dupc suquan tam eua nhieu qude gia tren thegidi, ddcd Viet Nam Hidn nay, hau het cae ta/dng dai hpc (OH) d nude ta deu xay dimg va cdng bd chuan dau tren eac w/ebsite cua ta/dng minh Ngoai eac muc tieu kien thdc; kT nang; ngoai ngir; tin hpe , mong mud'n chua'n dau eua eac tardng deu ed: "kinang lam viec eung nhau, kTnang chia se va hgp tad Do dd, dua ren luyen ki nang hpe tap hpp tac (KNHTHT) vao viec xac djnh cac muc tieu DH cac mdn hoc o D H la mpt tat yeu Thiet ke cac ehien lupc DH nhim tang dan tinh tupng tac sinh vien (SV)-SV, chinh la xay dung eae nhiem vy, cac hoat dpng cho SV-SV qua trinh hpc tap (HT] bang each tang dan dp khd eua eac nhipm vy nham ren luyen cac KN HTHT va phat trien tinh tieh ct/c eua tu eho SV ^ Chien \uqcy, Nhiim vuHT dugc thiet ke tuang doi dan giin nhim nim vung ndi dung tai lieu HT, cung cd'tn thdc, phat tnen kinang hgp tac ca bin Thdigian diin hoatdgng hgc tap hgp tac (HTHT) vdng 5-10 phut thudng kit thuc gid hgc li thuyit vdi quy md nhdm nhd SV/1 nhdm Sudung thich hgp G V mdi bat dau tii'p can cac each thdc DHhgptac, ddngthdiphijhgp vdicac muc KNHTHT eua SV cdn thap Cach thuc hiin St/dcr.-Cancdvaondidung bai hpc li thuyet vua hpc, GV thiet ke nhiem vu hpp tac vdl yeu cau tha'p, thdi gian Biyc hien n g i n VD: SV tdm tatbai sau gidhgc!ithuyet;giiiquyetmgttinhhud'ng,baitapvan dung kien thuc vua hoc; mgt bai trac nghiem nhanh vdi kien thuc vt/a hgc nham cung cdvlec n i m vung ndi dung tai lieu HT thdng qua viee SV hpp tae vol nliau 'xad" bai tai Idp, dudjnh thdi gian dien la hoat ddng hpp tae SV- SV tuong dd'i ngin 5-10 phut BU(X:2:+ GV giao nhiem vu eho SV; + SV tiep nhan nhiem vy 36 Tap chi Giao due so 307 N G U Y I N THj T H A N H ' 5u'0C5.Chianhdmnhd2SV/1 nhdm,thudng2 SV ngoi canh mpt ban mpt nhdm; + SV to ehuc trao dd'i, thao luan, chia se hc^ tac vdi de hoan nhiem vy; + GV theo ddi djnh hudng, cd van, ho trp, hudng d i n eae KNHTHT eho SV St/d&^.+GVyeucaudaidien mpt, vai nhdm trinh bay ket qua; + S V trinh bay ket qua flt/dc 5:+GV nhan xet danh gia, tong k ^ + S V ling nghe, trao da va bdsung, chinh xac hoa kien thuc ' V o l chien lupc quy md nhdm nhd (2 ngudi) thi su tuong hd giua eae S V diln cao hon, cac SV tung nhdm cd trach nhiem canhan cao, didang thyc hien hpp tac,toaitnitinhy lai, ludi bieng.Dong thdiSV biettudieu chinh minh, hinh kTnang biet taiyen dat, tiep thu,thuong lupng vdi dedl den ket qua thd'ng nha't mpt thdi gian ngin Chien luge 2: Thiet ki'cac nhiem vuhgptac mdc khd ddi hoi tinh sang tao chua cao, mdiddng dmtkyeucaukhaiquat;giiithich;sosanh;tmghgp; nhd lai nhung ngi dung da hge Muc dich budc dau luyen tap cae thao tie, cac kTnang hop tic Vdi chien luac chia SV eac nhdm 4-5 SV/1 nhdm, na dung nhiem vu dugc chia deu eho 4-5 S V Caeh thuc hiin Budc /,'+ G V lua ehpn tai lieu giang day cd npidung phu hpp vdi chien lupc DH la: npidung cothe thiet ke 4-5 nhiem vy, tuong iing thdigian hoan nhiem vy cua SV n g i n khoang thdi gian 30-40 phiit Vidu Yiu eau khai quit hoa kien thdc cOa mqt chuang mdt mdn hoc; Dat cau phan tich cho tung phan tmng tam bai hga, Phan chia tmS^u hgc tap cac phan yiu cau cac nhdm SV tim hi&j, nghien cuu tra Idi nhOng cau h6i s6\uqngnh^ vu va mdc dp khd tuong duong chia deu cho cac vien mdt nhdm Budc2:-t-Gy bieu dat nhiem vy; + SV tiep nhan nhiem vy Budc 3: + Chia 4-5 SV mpt nhdm, nhdm chuy khac ve nang luc, sd thich, gidi tinh ' Khoa ^im li - Gtao due, Tnrang Il^i bQC H6ng Dire -(kil-4/2013) vung mien, chuyen nganh (neu cothe) ; + SV phan chia nhiem vu dupc giao cho cac vien nhdm theo nang tuc,sdta/dng valam viec canhan; + GV theo ddi trp giup nhdng thic m i c xung quanh van deSV nghien ctiu Budc 4: + SV td'chdc trao ddi, thao luan, hpp tac vdi hoan nhipm vy mang tinh tong hpp; + GV theo ddi dinh hudng.cdvan.hdtro, hudng d i n cacKNHTHT ChoSV Bude5:+ GV yeu cau dai dien nhdm trinh bay ket qua; + SV trinh bay ket qua Budc6:+Qy nhan xet, danh gia, td'ng ket; + SV ting nghe, trao dd'i va bd' sung, chinh xac hoa kien thiic, _' Vdi chien lupc chia nhiem vu 4-5 phan, mdl SV dam nhan mot nhiem vy khac nhau, dat yeu cau trach nhiem cao ddi vdl tung SV, Hp phal lo thuc hien tdt nhiem vu da giao cho minh, Ddng thdi, cd trach nhiem trao doi, thao tuein, thoa hiep vdi cae ban nhdm tao san pham ehung hoan chinh Nhu vay, so vdl chien lupc 1, d mue dp nhiem vu hpp tae phdc tap hon, cac vien nhdm cung dupc tang ten, dae biet nha'n manh viec phan chia cac nhiem vu gli/a cac vien nhdm va phai hoan san pham ehung, Do dd, ijat y§u c i u v l KNHTHT ciia SV phai cao hon {phii biet trinh bay rd rang, di hieu, thuyet phuc ngudi khac; biet ling nghe tim/; biet ton ngudi khac; biet giup dd lan va thoi thuan di de'n thd'ng nhat) Chien lupc 3: Nhiem vuhgp tac duge thiet ke vdi yeu cau SV phii cd tuduy sang tao va nang phan tich, tong hgp tuang dd'i cao Dong thdi doi hdi SVphii cd KNHTHT tuang dd'i cao deed the hgp tac hgc tap gida cac vien nhdm dehoan thanhnhigm v^i Nhiem vu thudng yeu cau nhu: V$n dung; thiet ke; sang tie; giii quyit mang tinh tdng hgp cao, nhieu phuang an, nhieu quan diem giai quyet khac G V khdng chia nho nhiem vu, quy md nhdm nin tu4-6SV Thdigian thuc hien 2-5 tiettren Idp (cdtheed ehoSVehuanbi ngidung dnha) Cach tht/c hiin Budc 1:+ GV lua chpn chuong trinh nhdng npi dung cd uu the cho viec thiet ke nhiem vy tupng tac SV-SV, vdi chien lupc nhipm vy ed dp khd U/ong ddi ddi hdl SV phai cd tuduy sang tao, phan tich torig hpp cao DSc biet nhiem vy mang tinh "m& nhieu phuong an,nhilu quan die'm giaiquyetvadi/kien thdi gian hoan nhiem vu khoang thdi gian 2-5 tiet hpc {phu hgp vdi cac gidthio luan, luyen tip tin ehl) G V thiet ke nhiem vu, vi du: Chu de thao luan ve cac hien tupng giao dye tim nguyen nhan va bien phap khic phuc; Phan tich mdt thuc trang giao dye va xaydungeacytudngphattrien (5etao npidung hoat ddng cho SV gid hpc, Budc2:+ G V bleu dat nhiem VLI da dupc thiet ke (nhiem vu giiia cac nhdm cd the gidng eiJng cd the khac nhau); + SV tiep nhan nhiem vy Budc 3: + Chia 4-6 SV mdt nhdm, nhdm chuy khac venang tuc, sd thich, gidi tinh vung mien ,; + S V nghien euu lam viec ca nhan {cae nhdm ed the thao luan va phan chia cac nhiem vu nho cung cd the khdng phan chia) San pham nghien ciru canhan nao eung deu phal edquan diem giai quyet ctia minh, Budc 4: + SV to'chdc trao dd'i, thao tuan, chia se hpp tac vdi hoan nhiem vu mang tinh td'ng hpp;+ GV theo ddi djnh hudng, cd'va'n, hdtrpva hudng dan cac KNHTHT cho SV, Suoc 5,'+GV yeu cau mpt SV bat ki dai dien nhdm trinh bay ketqua; + SV trinh bay ketqua Budc6:+Gy nhan xet, danh gia, td'ng ket; + SV ling nghe, trao ddi va bd'sung, chinh xac hoa kien thiic * Mdc dp nhiem vu hpp tae nay, ddi hdi yeu cau phai cd tu sang tao cao va su nd luc ehung sdc cua cae vien nhdm, song khdng nhan manh viec phan chia nhiem vu tiing ca nhan Do vay, so vdi chien lupc 2; nhiem vu dmdc dp yeu cau SV phai ed KNHTHT cao hon, SV phai biet tuong trp, giiip dd, hiep thuong, gial quyet bat dong de nhdm hoat ddng nhjp nhang va di de'n ket qua Chien \uqc 4: Thiet kecac nhiem vuhgp tie vdi yiu eau cao vuatra ngoaipham vildp hgc, ddihoiSV phii biet phan chia nhiem vu, lap kehoach nghien cuu, thu thap, phan tich tong hap sdlieu thu duae a ngoai thuc tiin, tong hop, thd'ng nhat dehoan nhiem vu, dt/kien thdigian thuc hien tuang ddidaicd Uie tuan; mdt thing hoae cd the dai han Cach thuc hien i / o c / +Can edndl dung chuong trinh, kehoach day hpc G V lua chpn cac chu de hoae goi y, hudng d i n , cdvan cho SV tuthiet ke cac nhiem vy HT pham vl mdn hpc, npi dung gan vdi nghien cuu khca hpc g i n lien li luan va tht/c tien ddi sd'ng (thudng la mpt van de thuc tiln can gial quyet) Dp khd cua nhiem vy phai tuong dd'i cao, doi hdl SV phai cd trinh dp tu sang tao, van dung li luan vao thuc tiln Pham vi thuc Tap chi Gido due so 307 (ki 1-4/2013)- 37 hien nhiem vyft/ong doi rdng ddi hdlnhieu ngudi tham gia mdl cd the hoan Vi dy: Nghien cdu tht/c trang d nhiem moi trudng tai mot dja danh tudd tim nguyen nhan va bien phap khic phue; Tim hieu mgt thuc trang giao due hoae day hgc tu dd tim nguyen nhan va bien phap khSc phuc ;+5"^ chuanh\\3i[\eu, phuong tien, dieu kien, tinh than HT theo hudng d i n cuaGV Budc 2:+ GV giao nhiem vu cho SV hoae chinh xac hoa nhiem vy ma S V da lua chpn va gia han thdi gian hoan cung cae tieu chi danh gia; + S V tiep nhan nhiem vy Budc 3: + SV nghien cuu nhiem vu, phan chia cac nhiem vy nhd cho tirng ea nhan phii hc^ vdi nang luc Lap ke hoach, thdi gian cho boat ddng hpp tac nhdm de thdng nhat hd trp qua trinh thuc hien nhiem vy; + G V theo ddi djnh hudng cdvan, hd trp, cung ban bae hpp tac vdi S V nhim tim phuong an tdi uu giai quyet nhiem vu Sudc +SV trien khai thuc hien kehoach nghien ctiu, khao sat thue hien nhiem vu ca nhan da dupc giao; + GV theo ddi, djnh hudng, cdvan, hd trp, hpp tac Cling SV Budc5: + SV td'chiic trao ddi, thao luan, hpp tac thd'ng nhat vdi hoan nhiem vy mang tinh sang tao cao thuc tien; + GV theo doi, dinh hudng, cdvan, ho trp, hpp tac eung SV Budc6:+ Nghiem thu san pham vayeu cau dai dien nhdm frinh bay san pham; + S V trinh bay san pham Budc 7;+ Nhan xet, danh gia, to'ng ket; -i- SV ling nghe, trao doi va bd'sung, chinh xac hoa kien thuc • Vdi ehien lupc DH 1.2,3 HT hpp tac cua SV chu yeu dien ldp hpe chien lupc 4, HT chil yeu diln radngoaildp hpc, ngoai ta/dng, muc dp khd cua nhiem vu cao tn thue can tim rdng va yeu eau tu sang tao hon Do dd, dat yeu cau SV phai dat d m d c dp cao hon, thuan thyc hon cae KNHTHT nhu biet phdi hpp lam viec cd ke hoach, biet phan tich va phan chia nhiem vy theo dung nang luc, biet hd trp, giup dd vdi tinh than tap the eao quatrinh hoan nhiem vy chien lupc nhan manh boi dudng tinh than, kT nang hop tac va nang luc tu sang tao thue tien nang luc mdi cua S V G TSl lifu tham khao Hoing Anh - Dd Minh Chau T u h p c ciia sinh vien NXB Gido rfiicH 2008 D Jonson - R Jonhson - E.HoIubee Cicte of teaming: coopenion tn the ctassrom Inieraiion Book Company 38 Tap chi Gido due so 307 Edina Monnesota 55435 (1990) Dang Thinh Himg ' H ^ thdng cfic kT ning h