REN L U Y E N Ki N A N Q THU''''C HANH LICH SIT CHO HOC SINH PHO THONG QDA Sfi OUNG SO flfl Tlf OOY TS NGUYEN THI BICH* 1 Van deren luyen kinang thuc hanh (KNTH) cho hoc sinh (HS) trong day hpc Lich su(D[.]
REN L U Y E N Ki N A N Q THU'C HANH LICH SIT CHO HOC SINH PHO THONG QDA Sfi OUNG SO flfl Tlf OOY TS Van deren luyen kinang thuc hanh (KNTH) cho hoc sinh (HS) day hpc Lich su(DHLS) d tnrdng p h d t h o n g Thuyet kien lao day hpc (DH) cho ring hgc tip la qua trinh tiep thu tri thdc HS ed ca hot tl/tim hieu ttr dieu ehinh hoat dgng hge tap cua minh (1) va chi dugc tu tim hie'u, l u thuc hanh, HS mdi cd the ITnh hpi kien thdc vung c h i c han Tuy nhien, Ihuc te DHLS eho thay, giao vien (GV) nhan thuc chua dung vethuc hanh va vai trd cua nd vdi viee hpe lap cua HS; chua chuy hudng din thuc hanh, coi ren luyen cae KNTH la nhiem vyDH Hon nua, da s o H S chi xem Ljch su{LS) la mdn hpc thupc Idng, khdng can thuc hanh, d i n de'n xae dinh phuang phap day hpe (PPDH) bd mdn chua dung d i n , nen chait lugng DH cijng giam sul Vi vay, can nhin nhan lai van de ren luyen KNTH cho HS nhu mdt bien phap de ddi mdi chat lugng DHLS dtrudng phothong 1) Nh$n thi/c dung quan niem vethuc hanh varen luyen KNTH Trong DH ndi ehung, DHLS ndi rieng, mud'n hieu dugc cac ndi dung hpc lap, HS phai cd ging, nd lue, huy dpng tdi da cac hoat ddng tu de nh$n thu'c va thuc hanh In thue da hpc Bieu hien cao nha't cua nd luc la thuc hanh, van dung sang tao nhiJng dieu da hpc vao thuc tiin, phu hgp vdi kha nang hien cd cua HS Thuc hanh hpc lap LS cua HS chinh la hoatdgng cua HS tham gia vao qua trinh hge tap dedat duae muc dich DH dat cdn ren luyen KNTH cho HS la ren luyen kha nang thuc hien cac thao tac tht/c hanh thuan thuc cua ea nhan vdi cac hoat ddng hge tap theo mue tieu bai ftocrfa//a Vi vay, viec ren luyen KNTH eho HS hpc tap vi)a cd tac dung cung cd, khic sau tri thi/c biii hpc, dong thdi, giao dye HS y tht/c tu giac, ciiu dpng tich cue say me hpe tap vdi thai dp diJng d i n v^ qua dd ed kha nang phat trien cac thao lac tu hanh ddng, dSc biet la kha nang van dung thuc tiln; hoat ddng can dugc lien hanh thudng xuyen nhSm giup HS n i m vung Iri thdc va gdp phan gay Ihu hoc tap b d m o n (ki 2-2/2013)- N G U Y E N THI BICH* 2) Ndi dung tht/c hanh Cae boat ddng thuc hanh cua HS dien sud't qua trinh hoc tap nham ren luyen kT nang (KN), gdm: tu tra ldi cau hdi de ren KN dien dat ndi; lam bai tap tu luan bai lap van dung, danh gia su kien, nhan vat LS de ren KN diin dat viet; lam viec vdi 6Q dung true quan de ren KN tuduy vavan dyng thue tiln de tutim hieu vesu kien hay van de LS, Ihuc hanh dn tap, cung cd, he thdng hda kien thi/c Npi dung thue hanh khdng chi gicfi han tim hieu tri thirc va KN gid hoc tren Idp ma gdm ca viee hpc tap d nha va eac hoat ddng ngoai khda Ren cho HS thao KNTH se gdp phin ldng bude hinh Ihdi quen va KN lam viee ddc lap, tu giae lich cue de ehiem Iinh sau sic tri thuc 3) Phuang phap, bien phap tien hanh ren luyen KNTH Tren ca sd ndi dung thuc hanh, ddi hdl phai ed nhieu each thuc bien phap de ren luyen KNTH cho HS Trong dd, vai trd quan trgng thude ve G l / - n g u d i to chuc DH, hudng d i n thuc hanh va dae biet la HS • ddi lugng true tiep Ihue hien cac hoat ddng thuc hanh GV ren eac KNTH cho HS la ren cac KN hoat ddng, hudng ldi phat tnen tu hanh dpng lich cue, ddc lap, nen cae hoat dpng thuc hanh thudng dugc GV chtj ddng to' chuc qua trinh hpc tap etJa HS Cf mdi hoat ddng hpc tap, viec ren KNTH deu hudng tdi nhiJng mye dieh: Thuc fianh trin top Thuchanhffnha ã KN phat ti(T ^ l l b U M , ô ã ! 1ằ, NHiN DAN V I | T N « N KHANG CmlMCHfiNGPHJlP XlH LIfQC (Td n l m 1151 D E H ^ ^ -— '^ (1) Nguyfin Van Cirang- Benrnd Meier "MOt s6'vin dfi ehung vft ddi m6\ phuang phap d^y hgc inr&ng tning hgc phd thOng" Dy an Phat tri^n giao diJc uung hoc phd thOng Tai lieu t h a m khao B6 GD-DT Kiyi'ii Hdi thdo khoa hgc quSc gia vi dgy hgc Lich sd d trudng phd' thdng Viit Nam Da Nang 8/2012 L u a t Giao due NXB Chinh iri qudc gia - Suthat H.2010 Thu tutmng Chinh phu Quygt dinh s&579/QD-TTg ngdy 19/4/2011 Phi duy^t Chi/n luac phdt tri^n nhdn luc Viil Nam thai ki 2011-2020 5.ThuluangChinhphu.Quy^tdinhs^7II/QD-TT8 ngdy 15/6/2012 Phi duyil Chiin luge phdt iriin Gido duc2011-2020 chien Vi dy, vdi Bai 19 Nhan dan Viet Nam khang chdng Phap xam luge (tdnam 1858 den tn/dc nam 1873) (Ljch su 11), cd the su dung SOTD theo dang sa phan nhanh (xem scrdcj Nhu vay, sd dung SDTD cd hieu qua thuc hanh hpc tap va on lap, cung cd kien tht/c ke ca hoat ddng hpc tap tren kip hay d nha Day la cdng vipc thudng xuyen ma GV can dinh hudng HS tham gta nhSm phal huy han nua tinh tich cue (ki 2-2/2013)' Focusing skills is very important for high school pupilsin their history leaming contributing to consolidating and deepening knowledge of lesson, educating them the consciousness, practlveness in learning with proper attitute as wel as thinkingof activities, especially the application into the real world Mind map is an effective method in pracUsing skills Tap chi Gido due so 304 | 49 ... nang lue lu duy, nang luc thuchanh van dung, 3) Ghi chep bai hgc bing sa Trong qua trinh hoc tap, ghi chep bai giang tren Idp kel hgp vdi nghe, nhin giup HS xac djnh dupc nhung yquan trpng nhat... dyng vao qua trinh tiep thu bai hpc bing mpt so khoa hoc, mach lac nhu vay ehinh HS da the hien lu lam viec dde lap tieh cue Vi vay, viec sudung SBTD hpe tap eua HS da la bien phap hieu qua de... KNTH cho HS can chii y linh phu hop vdi dae trung bp mdn; dam bao phat huy tinh tich ct/c hpc tap cua HS; phu hap vdi viec ren luyen cac KNTH SDTD giup GV to chi/c tdt cae hoat dpng thuc hanh cho