Sff DUNG SO DO TIT DUY HirONG DfiN HUC SINH ON TAP TONG k ^ KIEN THUIC PHAN KIM LOAI (HOA HOC 12) TS VO THI THU H O A r I Sa do tu duy (SDTD) la hinh thii''''c ghi chepsu dyng mau sic, hinh anh de md rpn[.]
Sff DUNG SO DO TIT DUY HirONG DfiN HUC SINH ON TAP TONG k ^ KIEN THUIC PHAN KIM LOAI (HOA HOC 12) TS VO THI THU H O A r I S a t u (SDTD) la hinh thii'c ghi chepsu tu lap SDTD he thdng hda kien thuc tdng loai chat da dyng mau sic, hinh anh de m d rpng va dao sau cae dugc hpc dtrudng phdthdng yiudng.Daylamgtcdngcutdchdctuduy nen tang, 2) Bdj vdi HS: - Thuc hien cac quy trinh GV giup ngudi khai thae tiem nang vo tan eua bg nao, dua detien hanh xay dung SDTD chuan bi bai hifdng toan bp tri dc tdi each tu duy, suy nghT mach mdi, dn tap va he thdng hoa kien thdc; - Tham khao lac SDTD la cong cu hpa ndi cac hinh anh cd lien mang intemet ve hinh anh hay each thiet lap SDTD; he vdi Mpt sdnghien cuu cho thay, bp nao cua - Tra ldi cau hdi bai tap hudng d i n tim kien thdc trpng ngudisehieu sau, nhd lau va in dam nhung gi tam Thao luan nhdm, trinh bay quan diem cua minh chinh tuminh viet, ve theo ngdn ngu, y tudng cua dpe SDTD cua minh trudc nhdm, l^ng nghe ykien minh Vi vay, si} dung SDTD giup hpe sinh (HS) hpe cua ngudi khae, bdsung y kien va cudi eiing tdng ket, tap mpt each tich cue, chu dpng, phat huy tdi da tiem hoan thien kien thuc nang cua bg nao Viec lap SDTD cdn giup HS phat 3)QuytrinhlapSDTD, gdm eae budc sau: - Budc trien kha nang Uiam ml, cac em phai tu s&p xep /;Viet chude Idn dgida hay ve mpt bdc tranh dtnjng cac kien thu'c trgng tam d cac nhanii cho khoa tam phan anh chu de VDi/C/m loai kiem; ldm loaikiem hgc, sue tich, true quan, de hieu va dac biet la lam noi thd ; - Bude2:Tismq\chu de Idn, tim cac chu de bat hdn cdt cua kien thuc can ghi nhd va mdi lien ket nho lien quan (main point - ndi vdi nhanh chinh) Tren hiiu CO giua cac vung kien thue dd Trong mon Hoa mdi nhanh chinh, viet mot khai niem, ngidung Idn cua ftoccdthe dung SDTD de lien ket cac khai niem ve chu de, vietb§ng chuin hoa Nhanh vaehutren nhanh cac chat, ve suphan loai chung; cac khai niem vecac dugc ve va viet mpt mau Vi du (VD): Cau hinh phan ung hoa hpe va cae khai niem quan trpng khac electron, vj tri; tinh cha't vit li (TCVL); tinh cha't hoa khlHS dn t|p, hethd'ng hda kien thdc, Trong pham hoc (TCHH); dieu che ; - Budc 5; Chi dung nhdng vi bai bao, ciiung tdi xin gidi thieu viee hudng d i n HS thuat ngd quan trgng hay ma hda tdi da cac chu de tfiiet ke va si) dung SDTD dn tap, tong ket kien thuc viettren nhanh chinh, VD:TCVL, ;-B(/(fc4;Suphan phan hda hpc kim bai Idp 12 gdp phin ddi mdi phugng nhanh cdtiep tuc vacac yeu td/npi dung ludn dugc ket phap dgy hpc mdn Hoa hoc ndi vdi (cd the phan biet cap dp cua cac nhanh Phirong phap thiet lap SDTD b^ng ehd in thudng) Su lien ket se tao mpt De thiet lap SDTD day hgc Hda hgc, dac "6tfcfra/7/)/dnp//7e^md ta ve eh u de Idn m pt each day biet la dn tgp, tong ket he thdng hda kien thii'c, yeu duvardrang cau giao vien (G V) va HS can quan tam den eae van Mot so each thuc s d dung SDTD day desau: hoc hda hpc /^Od/Vd/Gl^.'-Nghien cuu ve SDTD va phuong 1) Caeh 1: Hudng dan HS lam quen, dgc, dich phap sudung SDTD day hpc Hda hpc; - Xay SDTD:Gy dua mpt sdSOTD, yeu cau HS dien dung cac cau hdi, baitap hda hge hu'dng dan HS xae giai, thuyet trinh cho nhdm minh hoac eae ban djnh dung lugng cac kien thde trgng tam tOmg ca [dp nghe ve ndi dung eua SDTD dd theo each hieu bai, tdng chuong chuong trinh; -Xay dung SDTD cua tdng HS.GV CO the kiem tra su dgc hieu SDTD cac bai on tap, tdng ket, he thdng hda cac kien cua HS bang eae cau hoi va bai tap theo cac m dc thu'c; - Gidi thieu cho HS cac tai lieu, cac trang web tu khac nhau: hieu, van dung va vgn dung sang (hogc yeu ciu HS tutim) veSOTD; - Xay dung quy tao VD:Nghien cdu SB TD (hinh 1) hethd'ng hoa kien trinh hudng din HS tuthiet keSDTD viec chuan thdc bai "Dieu che kim toar(H6a hpc 12 nang cao) bi bai mdi; dn tap, tdng ket cac kien thu'c;cach ghi nhd bang SDTD;-TdchLfc cae hoat dgng hge tap,cho HS * Tnriins Dai hoc Giao due - Dai hgc quoc ^ a Ha Noi (ki 2-8/2014) Tap chi Gido dye so 340 55 va tra ldi cac eau hoi: a) Hay cho biet nguyen t^c de dieu che kim loai?; 6^De khdcaeion kim loai hgp chat, ta ed the dung nhung phuang phap biennao7; c^Phuong phap dien phan nong chay cac hgp c/?a?(mudi, bazo, oxit) duge dung de dieu che cac kim loai ed tinh khu nhu the nao?; d) Phuong phap dien phin dung dich mudiiSugc dung de dieu che eae kim loaicotinh: A khumanhnhuLi, Na,K, Al, ; B khdtrung binh va khuyeu nhuZn, Cu, Ag,.,.; C khdtrung binh nhuZn, Fe, Sn, Pb, ; D, khdyeu nhuCu, Ag, Hg, Au, ; e^Taisao khdng can dung phuong phap nhiet luyen de dieu che cae kim logi kem hoatdpng nhu Hg, Ag? Mudn thu nhdng kim loai tuquang sunfua ta lam Uie nao? 2) Cach 2: Cho HS ti/thiet ke SDTD theo tung ehudecua cac phin dihoc:\l\ec thiet keSOTD se thuan Igi, nhanh ehdng hon sd dung cae phan mem Mindmap, thiet ke, cd the tay, xoa, them bdt cac thong tin, hinh anh hoac dieu chinh kich thude (dudng net), mau s&c(dam nhat) them cac "nhanh'Xrong so Phan mem cd the tai miln phi td trang web http://www.download.com.vn Chi can gd vao muc tim kiem cym td "mind map" va cae thap tac cai dgt rat don gian theo cac hudng d i n G V can hudng dSn cho HS ed thdi quen lap SDTD sau hpc mpt bai hay mgt ehu de, mpt chuong de giup HS sip xep cae kien thdc mptcach khoa hpc, logic, ddng thdi giup cho HS hieu dugc mdi quan he noi bat eua TCVL, TC HH cua chat vdi cac dng dung cua chat thuc tien G V cd the cho HS lap SDTD tat Idp hoac cd the hudng d i n cho HS ve nha lap SDTD theo he thdng cac cau hoi bai tap hda hpc VD: Sau hpe xong chuong Bai cuang vekim loai, GV eho HS bai tap ve nha: Yeu cau cae em lap SDTD ve chu de "Kim logI"(H6a hpc 12) {hinh 2; hinh 3) vdicac cau hoi ggi y: a^Hay eho biet dac diem ci'u tao Chung TCVL, TCHH ciia kim loai?; b) So sanh phan, tinh ehat (Vat 11 va Hda hpc), dng dung cua kim loaiwa hgp kim? Kdten mqtsdhgpkim cd n/7/ei/t^g'gi/n5trong thuc te cupc sdng?; c)cho biet y nghTa day dien hoa eua kim logi? Hay viet cac phuong trinh hda hpe eua cac phan ung xay (neu co) dang phan tdva ion thu gpn cho cac kim loai Fe, Zn, Cu, Ag, Ni lan lugtvao cac dung djch CuSO^; FeSO^; AgNO^?; d) Neu nguyen t§c va cac phuong phap thudng dung de dieu che kim toaff ;Tdm6i hgp chat sau: Cu(0H)2, NaCI, ^\py FeS^, hay lua ehpn nhdng phuong phap thich hop dedieu che kim loai tuong dng Trinh bay cac phuong phap dd; e^Phan biet an mdn hda hpc vaan mdn dien hda Cac phuong phap chdng in mon kim loai Oe bao ve vd tau bien b i n g thep, ngudi ta g i n cae la Sn hay Zn vao phia ngoaivotau phan chim dudinudc bien? Hay giai thich? Ndi dung nhdng cau hdi tren day cd nhdng Id ggi y de'HS thiet kecac nhanh chinh vd^ eae tdkhda nhu: cautaochung, TCVL, TCHH,hgpkim vacautra\d\ se la npi dung cua cac nhanh 3) Caeh 3: Sddung SB TD tochdc cac hoatdgng hgc tap cua HS gidhgc:Cac SDTD ma HS tu lap d nha se ed the ehua chlnh xac ve mgt ngi dung hay cdn thieu, GV se tdchdc cac hoatdpng hpclap cua H S tren \dp de cho HS phat hien, sda ehda nhdng thieu sdt Cy the nhu: • HS tglgp cac SDTD chuan bj cho cac bai luyen tap, dn tap khituhge dnha, trao (Xem tiep trang 62) 56 Tap chi Gido due so 340 (ki2-8/2014) (3) Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary Cambridge University Press; 1990, (4) Ur P A course in language teaching: practice and theory Cambridge University Press; 2000 (5) Harmer, Jeremy The practice of English language teaching London and New York • Longman, 1991, (6) Nadon, E S P Learning vocabulary in another language Cambridge University Press; ; 2001 (7) Mukoroli, J Effective vocabulary teaching strategies for the English for academic purposes Est classroom (Master of Arts), Vermont; 2011 (8) Thombury, S How to teach vocabulary Pearson Educational Limited; 2002 (9) Schmitt N, Vocabulary learning strategy Cambridge University Press; 1997 {10)D6rnyei,Zoltan Motivational strategies in the language classroom Cambridge University Press, 2001 (11) Din theo Eyildirim, Selma, and Sally Ashton "Creating PosUive Attitudes towards English as a Foreign Language" English Teaching Forum (2006): 2-11 Tai Ueu tham khao H£i Thj Huang San Nghiin cuu ve cdc chiin IUQ'C Su^dungsffdotirduv (Tiep theo trang 56) doi, thao luan cac nhom ve phan chuan bj SBTD cua minh ve cac van de: (he thong hda kien thdc, moi lien he giua cae kien thdc, each trinh bay va md rpng kien thdc d cac nhanh ); - Cac nhdm thao luan ve viee thiet lap SDTDeua ea nhan va cua nhom; - GV cho HS trung bay cac SDTD cua ea nhan hoac cua nhom (tren bang, tai nhom hoac eho vao ban mem va chieu len bang bang may chieu hoae may tinh.,.) de tat ea Idp quan sat, nhan xet GV kiem tra, nhan xet, chinh sda va khuyen khich tinh sang tao cua HS Td CO sd ll luan va thuc nghiem day hpc mon Hoa/jocdtrudng thdng cho thay, cho HS thiet ke va sddung SOTD de tudn tap tong ket, hethd'ng hoa va lien ket cae kie'n thdc da phat huy dupc tinh tich cue chu dpng sang tao cua HS Viec thiet lap SDTD sau hgc moi bai hpc, mot chu de hay mpt chuong se dan hinh eho HS tu mach lac, hieu biet van de mpt each sau s§e, each nhin toan bp phan kien thuc khai quat, tong the, khdng 62 Tap chl Gido due so 340 hgc tic vifng tiing Anh ciia smh viin khd, gidi ndm Ikii nhdt Trud'ng Dgi hQc Kinh tiqudc ddn, H 2006 Nguygn Thj Thu Huong YSu t&dnh hudng din hgc tit Vitng tiing Anh tgi Truang Cao ddng cdng ddng HdN0i,U.2OOS Le Thanh Ta Nhiing thach ihiic hgc tii ddng nghia cUa sinh viin ndm thii nhdt - Bgi hgc qud'c gia Hd Ndi 2009 Shi-gao-Zeng Studies and suggestions on English vocabulary teaching and learning al China University of petroleum; 2005, SUMMARY IntemaUonal Integration environment requires graduated students to master foreign languages In general and English in particular Vocabulary is the foundation and plays an essential part in speaking, listening, reading and writing Technical words are quite different from ordinary words and they cause a lot of difficulties to users, learners and teachers Some factors affecting teaching and learning technical English are mentioned such as: I Language competence; Technical knowledge: Learning motivation; Learner's attitude: Vocabulary learning strategies phai la hpc thupc, hpc v e t Nhd do, HS hi§'u sSu, nhd lau va biet van dung kien thdc linh hoat, sang tao vao cae tinh huong thuc t i l n Cd the ndi, day la mpt phuong phap hieu qua va cd tinh kha thi cao nhkm gdp phan dd'i mdi PPDH mdn Hoa hgc va cac mdn hpe khac cung van dung dupc dtn/dng thong.• Tdi li^u tham khao Tony Buzan Ban dd tu* cflng vi£c NXB Lao dpng xa hdi, H 2008 Le Xuan Trpng - Nguyen HQu Dinh - Tir Vgng Nghi - D6 Binh Rang - Cao Thi Th§ng Hoa hpc 12 (nang cao), NXB Gido due, H 2009 www,mind-inap.com (trang web chinh thiJc cua Tony Buzan) http://www.download com, The author analyzes the thinking diaff-aw schematic setup method of thinking and a way of thinking diagram revision guide for students to summarize knowledge of metal chemistry 12 This method established for students lo^cal thinking, understanding deeply the issue, said flexible use knowledge creatively to practical situaUons (ki2-8/2014) ... vekim loai, GV eho HS bai tap ve nha: Yeu cau cae em lap SDTD ve chu de "Kim logI"(H6a hpc 12) {hinh 2; hinh 3) vdicac cau hoi ggi y: a^Hay eho biet dac diem ci''u tao Chung TCVL, TCHH ciia kim. .. ehat (Vat 11 va Hda hpc), dng dung cua kim loaiwa hgp kim? Kdten mqtsdhgpkim cd n/7/ei/t^g''gi/n5trong thuc te cupc sdng?; c)cho biet y nghTa day dien hoa eua kim logi? Hay viet cac phuong trinh... dieu che kim loai?; 6^De khdcaeion kim loai hgp chat, ta ed the dung nhung phuang phap biennao7; c^Phuong phap dien phan nong chay cac hgp c/?a?(mudi, bazo, oxit) duge dung de dieu che cac kim loai