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AP DUNG MO HINH GAN THIEP SllM GHD TRE KHUYET TAT TRi TUf '''' GDA CHAD AU TAI TRUNG TAM SAO M A I H A NOI 1 Can thi$p sdm (CTS) cho tre khuyet t$t trilue (KTTT) theo md hinh ff«odue(/^^^/©/{GDDB} dang n[.]
AP DUNG MO HINH GAN THIEP SllM GHD TRE KHUYET TAT TRi TUf ' GDA CHAD AU TAI TRUNG TAM SAO MAI-HA NOI NGUYEN THi TLI A N H ' Can thi$p sdm (CTS) cho tre khuyet t$t trilue (KTTT) theo md hinh ffôodue(/^^^/â/{GDDB} dang cang dupc quan tam nhieu hon d nude ta, dac biet la nhung nam gan day, Trung lam (TT) Sao Mai (Ha Npi) dupc coi la mpt nhungTTchuyen biet dau tien tai Viet Nam ung dung md hinh CTS cua Chau Au tu 15 nam nay, Trong qua trinh ap dung md hinh nay, TTdacdnhdng dieu chinh phu hpp vdi dieu kien va hoan canh giao due (GD) cua nude ta nhung vdn khdng lam thay dd'i ve muc dich va ban chat cua qua trinh can thiep, Mpt so net co ban ve chuong trinh CTS cho tre KTTT 1) Khai niem.CIS thudng dupc hieu ia: Suhudng dan sdm (mang linh GD) cho tre KTTT va gia dinh tre, Neu dupc CTS nhung nam dau cd the iam tang chat lupng cudc song cho Ire va gia dinh tre CTS chinh la su chuan bj quan trpng cho tre viec hoc de treed the tiep tuc hpc len Idp mau giao va tieu hpc sau nhSm phat trien tdi da tiem nang hoc tap cua tre KTTT 2) Qua trinh CTS va GD trudc tuoi hoc: Qua trinh CTS gdm giai doan (dupe bSt dau tu gia dinh tretim den sygidpddcuacac nha chuyen mdn): • r/jac mac: Khi phat hien tre cd nhung bat thudng tam li, cha me tim gap bac sii, chuyen gia linh vi/c nay; - Danh gia:Qa^ la qua trinh thu thap Ihdng tin va danh gia nhung dac diem cua tre Ket thuc giai doan nay, bac sT phai danh gia dupc muc dp hoat ddng, hoan canh, nhung diem manh, diem yeu cung nhu cac nhu cau dac bielcija tre, Viec danh gia dupc tien hanh Irong nhung hoan canh ti/nhien edirelham gia; - Lap ke hoach: Sau da ed nhung danh gia va thdng tin day dii ve tre, cac chuyen gia CTS sedua mpt ke hoach chua trj cho Ire ddi vdi gia dinh tre; -Can//i;^p: Cac chuyen gia bat dau thuc hipn nhung ke hoach CTS da dupc chuan bj d giai doan tordc; -OanftgaMSaumdigiaidoan can thi^p, cac chuyen gia deu danh gia lai toan bp cac hoat dong xem da dat dupc muc lieu da de chua, nhung cdng va han che cua chuong trinh, nhiJng thic mic vatdntal, can giai quyet 3) Cac hinh thuc CTS: - Tai gia dinh: La hinh thuc hudng d i n cha me hoac ngudi than sua tre tai nha, giup hp n§m dUpc each iiudng dan, GD vd kich thich Ire hoat ddng Nhung khd khan qua trinh hd trp tre se duac giup dd giai quyellgi nha Tuy nhien, can chu y rang, nhiJng luu y phai di lien vdi qua trinh hudng dan cua cac chuyen gia cho gia dinh Ire tai TT CTS;- r a / T : C h a m | ' ' va Ire cung den TT CTS de nhan sU hudng din f cua cac chuyen gia CTS doi vdi viec day va cham sdc Ire nhu the nao Mo hinh CTS cho ^ e KTTT cua ChSu Au tai TT Sao Mai-Ha Noi 'j 1} Ve phuong phap hoat dong: • TT xay dimg chuong Irinh CTS vatdchuc cac hoat ddng phgchot] sdm - CTS cho tre KTTT dan thuan, tu ki, Aspergel hdi chung Down, bai nao ,; - Tap huan cho cha mo^ nham nang cao nhan thuc ve CTS, GD hda nhap, G D gidi linh, tien day nghe va day nghe cho tre KTTT vj nien; - Thanh lap hdi cha metre KTTT nhlm., giup hpchia se idnh nghiem cham sdc vagiupdS:?; ve linh than cung nhu vat chat, tham gia vaft| ddng chinh sach cho Ire KTTT,.,; -Tham gia taphuSif|; chia se kinh nghiem vdi cac to chdc, TT, tn/dng hpc CO cung cac hoat ddng phuc hdi sdm • CTS, GDDB, GD hda nhap cho Ire KTTT canudc (vdi ddi tupng la giao vien, phu huynh, can bd tam li, y te, linh nguyen vien dcdng ddng.,,); -Til^ nhan sinh vien, tinh nguy|n vien nude ngoai va Viet Nam den lam viec t?i TT; - Hpp tac nghien ciJu cac van de lien quan den KTTT vdi cac to chdc va ngoai nude; - Tre phaiiJifiK xem la ddi tupng chinh chuang trinh tri li?u ca nhan, Danh gi^ mitc do, kha nang Iuc vao va djnh ki danh gia hang thang de xay dung chuong trinh ca nhan phai phu hpp vdi tdng giai doan phat trien cua tre; - Ap dung cac phuong phap ABA, PECsJEACCH, % '1 Tims tan Sao Mai - Ha Noi 18 Tap chi Gido due so 317 -(hi 1-91201% he thdng tranh bieu tucflig Boardmaker (vdi ti le cho phii hep vdi tdng tre nhung khdng r|p khudn, may mdc); -Chaima hpc, hpc ma chai de giup tre dat dupc kd'tquanhumong mudn, tao cho trllhoaimai, khdng gay ap Iuc ve tam li cho tre; -• Ket hop nhieu phuong phap phij hpp vdi van hda, &\eu kien va kha nang cua moi tre cung nhu kha nang hda nhap mdi hoat dong can thiep nhim giup Ire cd kha nang hda nhap cao nhat cd the; - Thiet bj day hpc khdng qua le thupc vao chai cd san m a ludn ket hpp ca chai ti/tao giup Ire gan vdi cudc song hang va cac vat dung dan gian xung quanh phdng kham da khoa Ndi nhi - Tai mui hong - Uk, lien hanh kham chda benh, phathien sdm cac KTTT d tre, dieu tri rdi loan hanh vi d tre KTTT va tre tu ki, chan doan va theo ddi ddng kinh bing dien nao dd cho ket qua chinh xac nhung vung cdtd'n thuang tren nao gay khuyet tat va dong kinh,, TT cdn tu var cho cha me hoe ainh cac phuang phap, each thuc dieu trj, cham sdc cho Ire khuyet tat Mgoai ra, TT cd cacphdngtr§cnghiemtamlidedanhgiaehisdthdrg minh va cac kT nang ngdn ngu - giao tiep, tu iap, van ddng, kT nang xahdidlre,cd may thinh Iuc dephat hien nguy ca gay diec 2} l/ng dung: TT da ung dung long ghep ca hai TT cung nhan dao tao kT nang CTS cho cha me hinh thuc CTS vao md hinh can thiep chuydn biet ban tre theo nhu cau, Thdi gian dao tao It nhat la tuan Tre den TT vao budi sang va ve nha sau 4h den thang: hudng dan each danh gia cac kinang de chieu, Cac hoat ddng oca giai doan: 0-3; 3-6; tudl biet ludi khdn eua tre, mat manh, yeu, nhu cau cua trd len, Irong dd dac biet tap trung vao giai doan dau, tre, phuong phap xay dung chuong trinh ca nhan, to TT cdn cd cac budi tap huan cha me nham nang chdc cac hoat ddng can thiep.,, TT cdn tien hanh tu van va tap huan cha me ve cao hieu bieLhdlrpva hudng dan cha me cham sdc tai gia dinh Djnh ki mpt den hailhang,GVden GD dac biet, lo chdc cac Idp CTS cho tre dudi tudl tham gia dinh tre de tang cudng su hpp tac giua gia ban tru, CTS cho tre thang den tudl (3 Ian/1 luan), to chdc cac Idp lien van hda, tieu hpc, phuc hdi chuc dinh va nha trudng, Thuan ipi cua TT la cd phdng kham Irong nang cho tre bai nao, to chuc lien day nghe va day TT nen lu^/a/rfoan (th^c mSc) va giaidoan nghe cho cac chau hon 13 tudl: • Trj lieu ca nhan; Ve (danh gia) Ire da cd bp hd sa danh gia ban dSu va ngdn ngu, hanh vi, trj li^u nude, am nhac, computer met ke hoach can thiep rieng, TT da thdng nhat mot games; - Tien day nghe va day nghe: TT md quan khung chuang trinh d?y ca nhan chuan dupc ket hpp cafe tu thien, ban thuc an nhanh va giai khatde tao nhi^u chuong trinh CTS cho tre KTTT va Ire binh viec tam cho cac chau Idn, giup cac chau hpc dupc thucffig.Tredupcdanhgiaxongcdtheo khung chuan cac cong viec phuc vu tai quan, ddde!apkehoach.BudcvaogH/{/oa/7 4(can thiep), Tdm lai, muc tieu CTS vaGDDB la sau 2-3 nam, tredupe G V, chuyen gia can cdvao dieu kien va hoan tre cd dupe kha nang tu lap, phat trien ngdn ngu va canh cu the cua ban than ma ket hpp linh hoat cac giao tiep - sudung nam giac quan de quan sat, nhan phuang phap khac de can thiep cho cd bielihe gidi xung quanh (mausac, cayhoa,chimga, hieu qua nhat, Iwlditredupe can thiep theo hinh thuc ngucrt gia, tre ,) Tre dat dupc mot sd kien Ihuc lien day (canhan,ca nhan nhdm, nhdm) cho ca van hda: tien hpc loan, viet, nhan biet chusd.,, TT se kl nang (van dpng linh, thd, tu lap, xa hdi va ngdn chuyen cac chau trudng mau giao hoac Mu hoc de ngu), Ket thOc djnh ki thang, thang va thang, tre hdi nhap ^MQc danh gia lai GV, bac sT tam li, chuyen gia Mpt so ket luan vakien nghi thijt; hien, Thdng thudng, vdi muc tieu ngan han, Ire 1) Ket luan: - Md hinh CTS cua Ire KTTT cua dirpc danh gia tai idp, Vdi muc tieu dai han, tre dupc Chau Au rat tich cue, song ap dung vao Viet Nam danh gia tai phdng trSc nghiem Trong qua trinh can can dupc dieu chmh cho phu hpp vdi dieu kien kinh te thiep, luy tung nhu cau cua tre macdsutham gia cua - xa hdi, van hda, phong Iuc va ne'p song cua ngudi cac nha Iri li^L khac Viet Nam.Tuyvay,dieuddkhdngcdnghTa la thay ddi tai ca ban chat cua md hinh nay; • Tren dja ban Ha Qua trinh canttiiepthdng thudng talTT Sao l\flai: Npi ndi rieng va dnudc ta ndi chung, cd khoang 30% 1)Phu huynh gpi dien den hoi, dang ki kham; 2)Danh tre KTTT, Cac TT can thiep phan Idn !ado cac td'chuc gia tqiiphdng kham; 3) Phan vao Idp, lap kehoach GD tunhan, dd, nang Iuc hoat ddng ciia da sdddi ngO ca nhan; 4) Can thidp; 5) Danh gia Igi Z) Dich vu CrS- GDBB: TT Sao Ivlai cd cac (Xem ti^ Irang 22) (kil-9/2013)- Tap chi Giao due so 317 19 Ap dung mo hinh can thiep dudng.cungcdnhii'ng hanh v i 0 , Ihuc day suhoan thien nhan each cua ban than Khi cd sulutu dudng, (Tiep theo Irang 19) turen luyen cac pham chatDONN ciia ban than la ddcon ngudi da chiem linh, lam chiJdupc nhung muc deu han che, chua cd kinh nghiem, thie'u sydao tieu, phuang phap, phuang tien ma xa hdi, tap the, tao bai ban cung nhu su hpp tac, chia segiifa cac TT, nhdm dagiao dye minh va "chuyen hoa" nhung didu dac biet, sy tham gia cua gia dinh Ire cdn chua thi/e cdng cu rieng de van dung vac suphat trien su hieu qua,,.; - Nganh GD nude ta da b^t dau chu DDNN tiep theo eua chinh minh, Liic nay, chu the da trpng hon vao CTS cho Ire KTTT nhung cdn thie'u b^t dau xac lap dupc mot he thdng cac quan diem nhieu TT GTS ed phuong phap hieu qua; • Phan Idn DD, niem tin, nhu cau 0 (bieu thj d budc dau hinh can bp cac ca sd, chuyen vien can thiep chu yeu la djnh hudng gia tri va tinh san sang hanh ddng GV vacan bptam li, thieu GV trj lieu vengdj nguva DD) va tat ca nhung net dd diu dupe van hanh, thuc hanh vi ; • Sp phat trien md hinh CTS chu yeu ka thi cac hanh vi 0 ma sau mdi ian deu dupc lu mang tinh hinh Ihuc va chi mdi dap ung dupc mot danh gia, so sanh, dd'i chieu bdi luang tam, Idng tu each luang dd'i nhu cau cac gia dinh; - Thieu suphdi trpng, danh du, hpp chat che giua y te'va GD; - Chua cd suquan li thdng nhat cua co quan chuc nang ve ndi dung, chat Sy hinh va phat trien cac pham chat DO cua lupng kham, phat hien va CTS cua cac TT, mdi ca nhan la ca mpt qua Irinh lau dai va phUc tap 2) Kien nghr Tren cp sd ap dung md hinh CTS Nhung ngudi lam cdng lac giao due cac trudng nghec&n nam vung muc dich, muc tieu, phuang ph£p cua Chau Au vao TT Sao Mai, chung tdi dexuat mpt sdkien nghj nhusau: - Cac bac sT, chuyen gia,GV giaoduc giatriOO cho SV hpc nghddehudng dan,giiip ddva udn nSn cac em thuc hien cac hanh viDDNN mot can dupc dao tao nhieu hon ve phal hien sdm vacac hinh thuc CTS cho Ire KTTT, cd nhuvay Ire mdi dupc each thudng xuyen; tao dupc nhiJng du luan lap the lanh manh de ddng tinh, ung hpnhiJng thdi quen, hanh chan trj va cham chu'a kip thdi; - Cac TT tham kham vIODNN hoac hudng dan, kiem tra nhiJng tri thuc, 0 , va dieu trj CTS can cd sy tiep can y te de chan doan niem tin QQ va hanh vi DONN cua mdi SV; hudng dan, sdm va tu van tdt; - Nha nude nen dau tu md cac djch lap ke hoach ren luyen, tu duong DD va chu dpng phoi vu phii hpp cho thieu nien va ngudi idn KTTT ket hpp vdi gia dinh, xa hdi viec hinh Ihanh va ren de giup hp tu lap va hda nhap cdng ddng; - Can c6 nhieu chuong trinh hd trp gia dinh cd Ire KTTT dupc iuyencaepham chatDONN dngudi hoc Q tham gia vao cac hoat ddng xa hdi, cd su tham gia cua tre KTTT; - Nha nude nen sdm cd mot chuorg Tai li^u tham kliSo trinh CTS chuan, bien che dpi ngu GV GDDB Pham Ngoc UySn - NguySn Van Hiing Tam li h(jf nghe nghiep Tdng cue day ngh^ Bd Lao ddng - cac TT tu nhan va cac co sd Nha nUPcQ Tlnimig binh vd Xd hdi Ha N^i 2005, T^lli^u tham khao Nguyen Dtic Tri Giao due nghe nghiep - mdt sO 1, Kl ye'u hpi Ihao khoa hgc: "Gido due ddc bi^t Vift vin de U lu^n va thirt tihn NXB Khoa hoc >:d hfii Nam kinh nghiim vd iriin vpng" NXB Dai hpc sir H.2010 pham.H.2012 Pham Minh Hac - Thai Duy TuyCn, Djnh huihig pit Dinh NguySn Trang Thu "Thuc trang hoal ddng trj eon nginii Vitit Nam thoi ki d^i moi va hOi nh$p can iliifp sdm cho tre khuyet tdt mdi sd casd tai HH NXB Chinh irj qud'c gia - Su ihdL H 2012 Ndi - Hue' - Thdnh phd'Hd Chi Minh vd bdi hoc kinh Thai Duy Tuyen Tri^l hgc gido due Vi^t Nam nghiem id: Nh^t Bdn " Ki y^u hpi ihao khoa hpc NXB NXB Dgi hgc supham Hd N(>i 2007 Dai hQC supham Hd N0i 2012 SUMMARY SUMMARY This article presents requirements, contents and meUiods of professional ethics education for students of vocational training schools in the Mekong river delta with a view to increasing the quality and effectiveness of local human resources, meeting the requirements of national industrialization and modemizaUon EarlyInlervenUon forchlldren with disablliUesIn special education models are increasingly more Interested in our country Sao Mai Center is considered to be one of the first specialized centerin Viet: nam to apply this European model for ISyeais and have gained remarkable achievements The articfe introduces the outline an this model 22 Tap chi Gido due so 317 -(kil-9/2013) ... (vdi ti le cho phii hep vdi tdng tre nhung khdng r|p khudn, may mdc); -Chaima hpc, hpc ma chai de giup tre dat dupc kd''tquanhumong mudn, tao cho trllhoaimai, khdng gay ap Iuc ve tam li cho tre;... khac de can thiep cho cd bielihe gidi xung quanh (mausac, cayhoa,chimga, hieu qua nhat, Iwlditredupe can thiep theo hinh thuc ngucrt gia, tre ,) Tre dat dupc mot sd kien Ihuc lien day (canhan,ca... vao TT Sao Mai, chung tdi dexuat mpt sdkien nghj nhusau: - Cac bac sT, chuyen gia,GV giaoduc giatriOO cho SV hpc nghddehudng dan,giiip ddva udn nSn cac em thuc hien cac hanh viDDNN mot can dupc