NGHIEN CIJU IRAO fl^l NGmtN cuu IRAO f TU TUdNG H(5 CHI iMilNH vfi GlAO DUG VA XA H O I HOA GlAO DUG Ngon duo''''c soi sang nin giao due Viet Nam Vi til, vai trd cua gido due (GD) dtfdc Chu tjch Hd Chi M[.]
NGHIEN CIJU IRAO fl^l.NGmtN cuu IRAO f TU TUdNG H(5 CHI iMilNH vfi GlAO DUG VA XA H O I HOA GlAO DUG Ngon duo'c soi sang nin giao due Viet Nam V i til, vai trd cua gido due (GD) dtfdc Chu tjch Hd Chi Minh khing djnh Id -qudc sdch hdng ddu", dtfpc thl hign xuydn sud't vd nhd't qudn idled cdc ttf tydng quan diem, phdt bieu cua Ngtfdi ke ttfng ngdy diu dd't ntfdc ta mdi gidnh dtf0c dOc lap eho dd'n liic Ngtfdi dl xa Trong hd't ky hodn cdnh ndo, Hd Chu tich vSn ludn ddnh stf quan tdm sdu sic cho sy nghidp GD Mpt ngdy sau dgc Bdn Tuydn ngdn dOc lap (ngdy 03/9/1945), Ngtfdi da chii tii phidn hgp cua Chinh phii vd ndu nhffng nhipm vu cd'p bdch cua Nha nydc Vidt Nam Dan chu Cpng hod can giai quye't, dd ed nhiem vu thtf hai la "Md mpt chien dich de chdng nan mil chQ" - chdng giac dot Ngtfdi coi GD Id "qudc sdch" Id vd'n d l trgng tam phdi thydng xuydn chdm lo Trong Thtf gtfi anh chi em gido vidn binh dan hpc vu (thdng 5/1946) Ngydi vidt: " Chuong trinh ciia Chinh phii la ldm thi'ndo cho todn qudc ddng bdo cdng co dn, cd mac, cd hpc hdnh Vdy, khdu hi$u cua chiing ta Id: Tdng gia sdn xuat, chdng nan md chQ" Ngay 10 thang nam 1946 ChQ tich Hd Chi Minh ban hanh Sac lenh 146/SL, dd, khing dinh: "Mpt dan tdc dot la mpt ddn tpc yeu" Ngydi xdc dinh mii chff vd stf dot ndt Id mpt thtf gide, mdt qud'c nan: "Gidc ddi, gidc ddt Id bpn dong minh cua gipc ngoai xdm" Ngtfdi kdu ggi: "Todn ddn tham gia di$t gipc dot theo phtfdng chdm: Ngtfdi biet day cho ngtfdi chtfa bie't Ai cdng phdi hpc" Ngydi xdc dinh 03 nguydn t^c cdn bdn cua nen GD nydc nhd Id: "Dai chiing hod, ddn tpc hod, khoa hoc hod" Nhan thay rd tam quan trpng cua GD, Chu tich Hd Chi Minh ludn chu trpng mot nen GD mdi - mOt n i n GD md muc tieu, ndi dung va phtfdng phdp phdi hffdng Tlirini!lT,hH0^H(ICfiCONCNC}IE N G U Y I N MINH NGQC Vdn phdng Tinh uy Elong Thdp ddn viec phdt triln ngffdi todn dien, cung nhff ddng vidn mpi Itfc Itfdng, tang Idp tham gia tich ctfc vdo sy nghidp GD Trong lich stf cdch mang Vi^l Nam, hiem cd vi lanh tu ndo quan tam din sy nghidp GD mpt cdch todn dien vd sau s i c nhtf Chu tich Ho Chi Minh Ngffdi ndu rd: "Mpi ngtfdi Vipt Nam dSu phdi dtfpc GD, phdi cd kien thQc de tham gia vdo cdng cuoc xdy dtfng ntfdc nhd " Chinh Chu tich Ho Chi Minh da ddt nen mdng xay dyng n i n GD md vd chi phtfdng each thyc hign chinh sdch md U-ong GD, thdng qua dtfdng xa hOi hod GD Phdt bilu tai Dai hpi sd kdt cdng tdc binh dan hpc vu thdng diu nam I956(ngdy I6/7/l956),Ngydidenghi: "NhQng ngtfdi biet chQ hay day cho nhiing ngtfdi khong bie't chQ, ngtfdi bie't chQ nhieu day ngtfdi biet chQ it, mdi xdm cQ mpt ngtfdi di hpc, hpc mdy hdm ve dpy mdy hdm, he't chQ rdi trd lai hpc, thdy vQa dpy vQa hpc" Hodc nhytiTangBai "Chdng nan that hpc " (ddng tren Bao Ctfu qudc, sd 58, 04/10/1945), Ngtfdi chi din: •'Cdc ngtfdi gidu co thi md ldp hpc d tu gia day cho ngtfdi khong bie't chQ d hdng xdm lang gieng, cdc chu dp, chu ddn dien, chU hdm mo, nhd mdy thi md ldp hpc cho nhQng td dien nhihig ngtfdi lam cua minh" Trong bdi vie't ddng tien bdo Nhan Ddn (Sd 183, ngdy 09 - 11/5/1954), Ngtfdi dan dd: " Mudn giQ vQng nen d0c Itfp, mudn lam cho ddn gidu ntfdc manh, mpi ngiM Viit Nam phdi hieu bie't quyen Idi cOa minh, bdn phpn cOa minh, phdi cd kien thdc mdi c6 thi tham gia vdo cong viec xdy dtfng ntfdc nhd, vd trtfdc hit phdi biit dpc NGHIEN COU IRAO flOl • NGHIEN COU IRAO flOl biet viet chQ Qudc ngQ" vd " co dong chi noi: Nong thdn bg.n viec nhliu, kho hpc tgp Chinh vi cdng viec nhieu ma cdng cdn phdi hpc tap dildm cho ddng vien vd cdt cdn ttf ttfdng thong, ldp trtfdng vQng, ldm dung chinh sdch cua Bdng vd Chinh phu, di dung dtfdng loi qudn chiing Hpc cdng khd thi gidi quye't cdc vdn de cang di ddng, cong viec trdi chdy " Ndi chuydn vdi ldp Nghien ctfu Chinh tii khod I, trudng Dai hpc Nhan dan (ngdy 21/7/1956), Ngtfdi khing dinh: " Hpc la mdt viec phdi tiep tuc sudt ddi, sudt ddi phdi gan uin l^ luan vdi cong tdc thtfc te" Trdn bdo Nhan Ddn sd'ra 16 thang 10 nam 1968, ban ve muc tidu ciia GD & DT Ngffdi cho rkng GD Id d l "ddo tao nhQng ngtfdi ke tuc stf nghiip cdch mang to ldn cua Dang vd nhdn dan ta" Ngtfdi cung chi ro ring, GD phdi dtfpc thtfc hidn theo nguydn ly "Ly lugn gan chpt vdi thtfc hdnh, hpc ldp d nhd trtfdng gdn lien vdi xd hpi vdi gia dinh " Ngtfdi ddnh gid ra't cao hieu qua cua viec phat huy md'i hdn hd mdt thid't gitfa nhd trffdng - gia dinh - xa hdi GD, cham lo, bdi dffdng the' he tre Trong Bai ndi chuydn cua Ngffdi tai Hdi nghi cdn bd Dang nganh GD (tff 03 - 08/6/1957, tai Hd Npi): "GD nha trudng dU co tdt mdy nhung thie'u GD gia dinh vd ngodi xa hdi thi kit qud cung khong thu dupc hodn todn" Sy nghiep GD - theo tff ttfdng Hd Chi Minh - va stf nghidp cua toan Dang, cua nhd nffdc vd ciia nhdn dan Do vdy, chi cd kd't hpp chat che cdc yeu to' mdi tao stfc manh tdng hdp d l dffa stf nghiep trdng ngydi di ddn thang Ipi Trong "Thtfg&i cdn bp, thdy gido, cd gido, hpc sinh nhdn dip khai gidng ndm hpc mdi", Ngydi khing dinh: "GD Id stf nghiip cua qudn chiing, cdn phdi phdt huy ddy du ddn chU xd hdi chu nghla, xdy dtfng quan hi thdt tdt, dodn kit chdt che giQa thdy vd thdy, giQa thdy vd trd, giQa nhd trtfdng vd nhdn ddn di hodn thdnh thang Ipi nhiem vu GD nhdm ddo tao ngtfdi ketuc stf nghiep cdch mang to ldn cua Ddng vd nhdn ddn ta Do dd cdc ngdnh, cdc cdp ddng vd chinh quyen dia phuang phdi thqt stf quan tdm hdn nQa den su nghiip ndy, ph&i chdm s6c nhd trtfdng ve mpi mpt, day manh stf nghiep GD cUu ta lin nhQng btfdc phdt trien mdi" Tinh dd'n cud'i ndm 1945, sau hdn ba thdng phdt dOng phong trdo xod md chff, theo bdo cdo chffa dly dii cua cdc tinh Bac bd gtfi ve Bp Qud'c gia Gido due, cdc dia phtfdng da md dtfdc trdn 22.000 Idp hgc vdi gin 30.000 gido vidn vd da day bie't chff cho hdn 500.000 hgc vidn Chi sau mdt nam trien khai Binh dan hgc vy (8/9/1945 - 8/9/1946), cd nydc ta da cd gin 75.000 Idp hgc, 95.000 gido vidn, cd ydn 2,5 trieu ngydi thodt nan mtf chtf Ddng ndi Id phan ldn kinh phi diu cdc dia phydng va ty nhdn chi trd Trung bd Nam bd ciing cd nhffng bydc tidn khd quan Khdng chi xoa nan mii chff Bd Qudc gia Gido due da xdy dtfng dtfpc 14 trtfdng trung hgc, trffdng ky nghd cao cap va sd cap vdi tong sd gin 6.000 hgc sinh trung hpc So vdi ddn sd nffdc ta luc bay gid la 22 trieu ngffdi, rd rang day thdt sy la mdt k j tich cua nin GD non trd Tff tffdng Hd Chi Minh v l GD va xa hdi hod GD da soi sang, dinh hffdng hoat ddng GD nffdc ta sudt hdn 65 nam qua va dat dffdc nhffng tffu to ldn, dao tao dtfdc "nhQng ngtfdi ke tuc stf nghiep cdch mang to ldn cua Ddng vd nhdn ddn" - nhtfng Idp ngtfdi ydu nffdc, cd y chi ddc ldp, ty chu, cd pham chat chinh tri, dao dye sang, vffng vdng tiong mpi hodn canh, cd tinh than vffpt khd vffdn len lam chu tri thffc khoa hpc - cdng nghd - ky thudt, phyc vy xffng dang sy nghidp xay dyng, bao ve vd phdt triln dat ntfdc Trong xu thd' todn clu hoa, hdi nhap qud'c te' hien nay, xa hpi hod GD nffdc ta vSn dya trdn n i n tang tff ttfdng Hd Chi Minh v l ti-idt ly GD./ Tdi lifu tham khdo: 1- Hd Chi Minh toan tdp (2000), Nha xua't bdn Chinh tri Qud'c gia, Hd Ndi 2- Nghien cdti, hgc tap Tff tffdng Hd CM Minh (2003), Nha xul't ban Tong hdp, Thanh phd Ho Chi Minh nwn|tinKHfli1'XiCn\C\CHE ; ... la mdt k j tich cua nin GD non trd Tff tffdng Hd Chi Minh v l GD va xa hdi hod GD da soi sang, dinh hffdng hoat ddng GD nffdc ta sudt hdn 65 nam qua va dat dffdc nhffng tffu to ldn, dao tao dtfdc... tff ttfdng Hd Chi Minh v l ti-idt ly GD./ Tdi lifu tham khdo: 1- Hd Chi Minh toan tdp (2000), Nha xua''t bdn Chinh tri Qud''c gia, Hd Ndi 2- Nghien cdti, hgc tap Tff tffdng Hd CM Minh (2003), Nha... 22.000 Idp hgc vdi gin 30.000 gido vidn vd da day bie''t chff cho hdn 500.000 hgc vidn Chi sau mdt nam trien khai Binh dan hgc vy (8/9/1945 - 8/9/1946), cd nydc ta da cd gin 75.000 Idp hgc, 95.000