rAM Li HOC SINH Li HOC LliA TUOI DAY Ki NANG IJNG PHd Vdl STRESS TRONG HOAT fiONG HOC TAP THEO HOC CHE TJN CHJ CHO SINH V I I N 1 Hifn nay, vife trien khai trift de phuong thue ddo tgo fheo hgc che ti[.]
r A M Li HOC - SINH Li HOC LliA TUOI DAY Ki NANG IJNG PHd Vdl STRESS TRONG HOAT fiONG HOC TAP THEO HOC CHE TJN CHJ CHO SINH V I I N Q Hifn nay, vife trien khai trift de phuong thue ddo tgo fheo hgc che tin ehi (HCTC) d gido dye dgi hge nhdm ddp i/ng yeu cdu ngudn nhdn luc phdt frien xd hdi vd hgi nhdp vdi gido dye dgi hge the gidi dd tgo d i l u kifn thudn Igi eho sinh vien (SV) phdt trien nhilu mdt Tuy nhien, hinh tht/c ddo tgo ndy edn khd mdi me vd gdy dp lye khdng nhd dd'i vdi SV Vd ddy cd the Id nguyen nhdn gdy stress d SV chinh hg chuo quen vdi nhi/ng ddi hdi, yeu cdu eua chuong trinh ddo tgo theo HCTC Vi vgy, edn chu y ren kTndng ung phd (KNL/P) vdi stress cho SV KNUP vdi stress hogt ddng hgc fdp theo HCTC dugc xem Id kT ndng (KN) sdng, KN hgc tdp quan trgng cdn cd d mdi ngudi cdn dugc nghien cuu sdu cd v l li ludn Idn thuc tien Bdi viet ndy fdp frung vdo ngi dung vd cdc budc dgy KNUP vdi stress hoof ddng hoc tdp theo HQC cuo SV Dgy KNUP vdi stress hogt dgng hgc tdp theo HCTC cho SV 1) Khdi niim KNLfP vdi stress frong hogt d^ng hgc tdp theo HCTC, duo fren nhirng nghien ct/u v l KN, stress, i/ng phd vdi stress vd hogt ddng hge tgp theo hgc c h l tin chi KNUP vdi stress hogt ddng hgc tap theo HCTC Id sy v^n dyng tri thuc, kinh nghiim vdo cdc thao tde gdn vdl dieu kien thye tien cua hogt dgng hge l^p theo HCTC (lya chgn, ddng ki hge phdn; tieh luy tin chi hge tap; hgp tdc de hodn thiin kii'n thuc, KNphdi tich luy; kiem tra, ddnh gid thudng xuyin, djnh ki vd kit thue hge phdn) bdng cdch nh^n ihi/e nhi/ng viec gdy stress vd bieu hiin cua stress, xde djnh nhi/ng dieu kien khd thi (cdc phuong dn ung phd) vd thyc hiin nhung phuong dn ung phd nhdm gidi quyit, gidm bdt tdc dgng xdu cua stress xud't hiin qud trinh hoc tdp theo Hac Tt> djnh nghTa ndy, cdn luu y mdt sd vd'n d l sou: Tap chi Glao due so 299 (ki i la/aon) ThS D O V A N DOAT KNLTP vdi stress hogt dgng hgc tdp theo HCTC cua SV thyc chd't Id su vdn dyng ede kinh nghif m vd kien thuc v l hgc tdp theo HCTC, v l cdc cdch irng phd vdi stress frong hgc tdp theo fin chi Vi the, de cd KNLtP vdi stress hogt ddng hgc tgp fheo HCTC, SV cdn ed kien thiic, KN vd thdi dd hop vdi yeu cdu eua ddo too fheo HCTC - Ngi hdm cua khdi nifm KNLfP vdi sh-ess hogt dgng hgc tdp fheo HCTC boo gdm bo nhdm KN thdnh phdn nhu: + Nhdn thuc vd'n di gdy stress vd bieu hien eua stress hge tap theo HCTC; + Xde djnh cdc phuong dn ung phd vdi stress hge tap theo HCTC; + Thyc hiin cdc phuong dn irng phd nhdm gidm stress vd gidi quyet vd'n di - Su vdn dyng KNUP vdi stress frong hogt dgng hgc top theo HCTC phdi dgt hifu qud Id gitjp ehinh bdn thdn SV thich irng vdi dgc diem cuo HCTC, gidm bdt fdc dgng xdu ed the cd ciJo HCTC len ed nhdn SV cung nhu nhirng trgng thdi cdng thdng tdm li md SV gap phdi qud trinh hgc tgp fheo fin chi de hodn thdnh td't ke hogch hgc tdp dugc lap cho tung hge ki 2) Ndi dung KNUP vdi stress hogt ddng hgc tap theo HCTC, boo gdm bo nhdm KN: a) KN nhdn thuc vd'n de gdy stress vd bleu hiin eua stress hgc tap theo HCTC KN nhgn thue vd'n d l gdy stress vd bieu hifn ciia stress h-ong hge tdp fheo HCTC Id su vdn dyng fri thuc, kinh nghifm vdo cdc thao fdc gdn vdi d i l u kifn thuc tiln cua hogt ddng hgc top fheo HCTC bdng cdch nhdn thirc dung nhirng vd'n d l lien quan den HCTC Id nguyen nhdn gdy sfress hgc top vd nhCrng bieu hifn bj stress, Idm co sd cho qud frinh t/ng phd vdi stress frong hoc tdp fheo HCTC Khi hgc fdp theo HCTC, SV ed the gdp nhirng ' Khoa Quan li giao dvc - Titfdngfiaibfc sir phaa Ha Noi tinh hudng gdy stress Od Id stress frong ede - KN fhi/c hien cdc phuong dn ung pho; - KN hdnh ddng hge fdp fheo HCTC nhu: Iua chgn, qudn li fhdi gian ddng ki hge phdn; tich luy fin chi hgc tgp; hgp 3) Cdc giai dogn hinh thdnh KNUP vdi tdc de hodn thifn kien tht/c, KN phdi tich luy; stress hogt dgng hgc tdp //leo HCTC: kiem tra, ddnh gid, thudng xuyen, dinh ki vd Giai dogn 1: Nhdn thuc dugc mye dich, yeu kit thuc hgc phdn cdu, dilu kifn hogt dgng, cdc nguyen tdc st/ dyng b) KN xde djnh cdc phuong dn i/ng phd vdi KN frong hogt dgng; - Giai dogn 2: Quon sdt d l stress hgc tap theo HCTC Xde djnh cdc dieu ndm dugc cdc fhao fdc cuo KN, ti; dd nhdn dien kifn khd thi hoy cdc phuong dn i/ng phd de irng dugc KN vd cdch ihuc tien hdnh KN; - Giai dogn 3: phd vdi stress hogt ddng hgc fdp Id cdn thief Thuc hdnh cdc hieu bief v l KN vdo finh hudng cy vd xudt phdt Kr eo sd cuo vife nhdn thuc nhCrng the; - Giai dogn 4: Vdn dyng KN vdo cdc tinh vd'n d l gdy stress cung nhu nhirng bieu hifn cuo hud'ng khde cuo hogt dgng stress frong hogt dgng hgc tgp theo fin ehi 4) Cdc budc dgy KNUP vdi stress Phuong dn ung phd Id su irng phd mgt edeh hogt ddng hgc tap theo HCTC: - Giup SV nhgn ehu ddng, cd du djnh frudc mdt finh hudng xdy tht/c dugc voi frd, y nghTo cuo tirng KN thdnh ro (1,'56-59) Cdch ung phd Id nhirng phuong phdn thugc KNL/P vdi stress hogt ddng hgc thuc ung phd cy the hon trude mdt finh hudng, tgp fheo HCTC Thuc te eho thdy, de hinh thdnh mdt hodn cdnh nhd't djnh Trong mdt phuong dn mdt KN bd't ki, eon ngudi phdi nhdn fhi/c dugc ung phd cd the ed nhilu cdch irng phd khdc vife hinh thdnh KN dd Id cdn thilt, cd y nghTa KN xde djnh ede phuong dn img phd vdi stress ddi vdi bdn thdn minh; Giup SV ndm dugc frong hgc tdp theo HCTC Id su vdn dyng tri thirc, cdch fhi/c thuc hifn tirng KN Oe hgc cdc KNUP kinh nghiem vdo cdc thao tdc gdn vdi viec huy vdi stress frong hogt ddng hgc tgp theo HCTC, ddng cdc ngudn thdng tin, tdi lifu v l cdc phuong SV phdi cd khdi nifm v l KN ndy vd bilt cdch dn i/ng phd, phdn tieh, ro quyet djnh Iua chgn the hifn bdng ede thao fdc, hdnh vi tuong irng cdc phuong dn ijng phd nhdm gidm bdt stress vd Do dd, GV cdn md td, frinh d i l n cdch thuc tht/c gidi quyet vd'n d l hifn KN theo trinh tu khoa hgc de SV quon sdt, Cdn eu vdo khdi nifm dd neu, KN xde djnh biet vd hieu cdch thuc hifn; - Xdy dung cdc tinh cdc phuong dn irng phd vdi stress hgc fdp hud'ng de SV thuc hdnh Budc ndy dugc thuc fheo HCTC cd ba KN bd phdn Id: - KN huy ddng hifn sou SV dd hieu dung v l cdc KNUP vdi cdc ngudn thdng tin, tdi lifu v l cdc phuong dn stress frong hogt ddng hgc fdp theo HCTC vdi U'ng phd; - KN phdn tich cdc phuong dn ung phd; myc dich giup SV thue hdnh cdc mdu thao tde - KN quyet djnh lyo chgn ede phuong dn t/ng cho den trd nen fhdnh thgo, linh hogt; - Oua phd NhCrng thao fdc eua nhdm KN ndy dugc nhirng nhdn xet de SV biet mi/c tht/c hifn thue hifn sou SV dd nhdn tht/c ddy du v l cdc KN cuo hg Sou SV dugc thuc hdnh mgt yeu td gdy sfress hogt dgng hge tdp theo KNUP ndo dd, GV cdn cd nhirng nhdn xet, ddnh gid kjp thdi de SV chinh sua nhirng sol If ch HCTC vd cdc bieu hifn cijo stress e) KN thyc hiin ede phuong dn ung phd nhdm thao tde; - Khuyen khich SV kien tri thuc hdnh, gidm stress vd gidi quyet van di hgc tdp luyfn tdp de cdc KNUP vdi stress hogt ddng theo HCTC Id su vdn dyng tri tht/c, kinh nghifm hgc tdp theo tin ehi trd nen fhdnh thgo Bdi le, vdo cdc thao fdc the hifn su kien djnh vdi cdc qud frinh hinh thdnh KN thudng dien theo phuong dn t/ng phd dd xde ldp, su thuc hifn quy ludt: thdi ki ddu su tien bd chdm chop cdc phuong dn i/ng phd vd biet cdch qudn li mdi Idm quen, thai gian sou tifn bd nhanh hon, thdi gian thuc hifn ung phd vdi stress tiep dd Id gioi dogn dn djnh, giai dogn tdng qud trinh hgc tdp theo HCTC Khi dd xde djnh tdc rdi Igl dn djnh Do dd, GV edn khuyen khich dirge cdc phuong dn ung phd vdi stress SV kien tri vd thudng xuyen tht/c hifn de cdc hogt d§ng hgc top theo HCTC, SV edn vdn dyng KN khdng bj suy gidm kien tht/c, tdn dyng ede d i l u kifn de t/ng phd nhdm gidm stress vd gidi quyet vdn d l Ndi hdm eua khdi nifm tdp trung vdo ba KN fhdnh phdn Id: - KN kifn djnh vdi ede phuong dn t/ng phd; # KNUP vdi stress hogt dgng hge tdp fheo HCTC Id KN sdng quon frgng cdn hinh thdnh (Xem tiep trang 37) Tap chi Blao due so 9 (ki i • la/aoia) nep cijo nhd trudng GV nen ehu ddng thudng xuySn thdm gio dinh HS de ndm bdt them fhdng fin ve HS, ddng thdi, tgo them sy gdn bd mdt thiet giifa GV vd gio dinh, ngodi ro, GV cd the si> dyng cdc hinh tht/e khde nhu hgp phy huynh, froo ddi quo thu tif, email, difn thogi hodc sd lien Igced nhdn • Tai li^u tham khao Li Ngpc Anh "VHn lii giio due dap diic va nfi'p s6'ng van hoa gia dinh truy4n tho'ng nin kinh li ihj trufirng a nuiic ta hien nay" Tap chi Triel hpc so I, Ihang 1/2002 Le Thi Tuyjft Ba "Chudn muc dap dire trpng bOi canh cua nin kinh l6 thj trudng d ninJc ta hien nay" T9P chi Tri/l hpc sO 10, thang 10/2003 Dang COng san Vi^t Nam Nghi quyet ciia Ba Chinh tri ve mpt so dinh hinrng Itrn cong tac turtuung hien NXB Cliinh tri qudc gia, H 1995 Nguyen Thj Thanh Huyfin "Toiin ciu hoa va nguy ca suy thoai dao due, lOi s6'ng nguoi Viet Nam hien nay" Tap chf Triet hpe sO 2, thang 2/2007 NguySn Duy Quy (chu bien) Dao due xa hoi a mi&c ta hien van de va giai phap Vien khoa hpc xa hoi Viet Nam NXB Chinh tri qudc gia, H 2006 SUMMARY Homeroom teacher plays an important role in the moral education for students shell They are ttie bridge between the school, family and social tron the formation of personality for the younger generation Therefore, the effectiveness of the work of the task depends on the link between education and the teachers and social organizations in order to mobilize the maximum strength in the education of students Lap trinh giai cac bai tap Day 1(1 nang ung piio (Tiep theo trang 61) (Tiep theo trang 24) uu hda cd vol trd dde biff quon trgng vi nd mong Igl hifu qud kinh t l , xd hdi rd't Idn d SV, giup hg thich i/ng vd gidi quyet cdc nhifm vy hgc tdp fheo HCTC Vife dgy KN ndy cho SV thyc su phdi di fir vife xde dinh ndi dung cdc KNUP thdnh phdn vd tien hdnh theo quy trinh, ede budc thue hien de dgt h i f u qud ** * Trong dgy hgc tin hgc ldp trinh gidi cdc BT d dgng «chua tudng minh" eho phep tgo ro mdt mdi frudng su phgm tuong fdc, rd't thudn Igi cho HS tham gio ede hogt ddng dgc thii dgy hge fin hge, d^c bift Id cdc hogt dgng fri tuf chung, hogt ddng fin hgc pht/e hgp, hogt ddng ngdn ngi/ vd hogt ddng nhgn dgng Mdt khdc, vife ldp trinh gidi quylt cdc BT dgng ndy khdng nhifng ndng coo ndng Iyc ldp frinh gidi fodn md edn giiip HS thdy rd md'i lien hf giua fin hgc vd euge sdng cung nhu hinh fhdnh y thuc, thdi quen t/ng dyng fin hge vdo qud trinh gidi quylt ede vd'n d l • Tai li^u tham khao Hfi ST Dam (chii bien) - H6 Cam Ha - Tran D P Hung - Nguyen Difc NghTa - NguySn Thanh Tung - NgO Anh Tuy^t Tin hpc 11 NXB Gido d(ie, H 2006 Trjnh Thanh Hai Phmmg phap day hoc tin hoc NXB Ci