eiAooycNUiDcNGoAi ^ MdT Sd HINH THOC HO TRCI CUA CHINH PHU CHO KHU VUC T I T N H A N TRONG KHUON KHO HUP T A C C O N G TU TRONG GlAO DUC ThS NGUYEN VAN GIANG Vl$n Khoa hpc Giio UMC V I ^ Nam 1 Olt vin[.]
eiAooycNUiDcNGoAi ^ MdT Sd HINH THOC HO TRCI CUA CHINH PHU CHO KHU VUC T I T N H A N TRONG KHUON KHO HUP T A C C O N G - TU TRONG GlAO DUC ThS NGUYEN VAN GIANG Vl$n Khoa hpc Giio UMC V I ^ Nam Olt vin d l doanh thu, giii phdng mit bing Thdhai,tfnhsing tao Trong x i hdi Vilt Nam gin diy d i xult hiln mdt v i ehuyin mdn kl thuit cao cda khu vuc tu nhin dupc hinh thdc thu bdt diu tu cda khu vye kinh t l tu nhin khai thic v i tin dung trilt dl Thye chit diy ed t b l xem nhim phit buy tinh sing tao, cdng ngbl tiin tiin v i li ddng lye Idn nhlt din tdi sy hpp tic Bing vile dau m ngudn lyc t i i chlnh ddi dio eda hp vio d e cdng trinh vio edngtiinhcda nhi nudc nhung dupc vin hinh tiong Nhi nudc sd hdu Hlnb tiidc niy dupe qude t l bilt d&i mdt thdi gian 'nhuong quyin" len tdi vii chuc nim, nhi rdng rii vdi tin gpi i i "hpp tie edng - uT (PPP) Nlu nhu diu tu (NDT) tu nhin se phat huy tdi da ti'nb sing tao vi cic Unh vyc ting kT thuit nbu giao thdng elp chuyin mdn ki thuit vile thilt kl, xiy dyng vin thoit nude elu, eing sin bay blnb thdt niy t b l hiln rd binh v i bio dudng cdng trinh, vl cdng trinh dd cWnh l i tfnh Uu vilt die thd eda nd, tbl giio due (GD), hlnb 'tu lieu sin x u l f cda bp d l tiiu hdi vdn v i Ipi ich thuong thdc niy ehua dupe bilt din nhilu, GD l i mdt "hing mai thdi gian daL hda xa hdi'; nghia l i Ipi (eh xa bdi phii dupc dit lin hing Hlnb thdc PPP nhin chung giii quylt hai tdn tai mi diu thay vl Ipl fch thuong mai cda khu vyc tu nhin cie qude gia dang gip phii, la ban ehl vi ngin sich Bii vilt xin dupe gidl thilu mdt djnh nghia PPP v i tinh sing tao mlu thilt kl Khu vye tu nhin cd (public - private partnership) v i mdt sd hlnb thdc hd trp the dip dng d hai ylu to niy, vdl dilu kiln hp phli dupc cda nhi nude cho khu vyc tunhin (viability gap financing din dap xdng ding cho nd lye eda minh, dieu quan trpng - VGF) tiong hpp ddng kinh t l ring bude bai bin nhim nhlt bat ki quylt djnh diu tu nio cua hp xiy dyng v i eung d p djch vy GD eda nhi nudc IMdt sdhinh thure hd tra phd biln cOaCP cho Ojnh nghTa v l hpp tic cdng-tu (PPP) khu vyc tunhin VGF Hl|n nay, ed rlt nbllu cicb djnh nghia v l khii nilm Trong qui trinh hd trp CP Vilt Nam xiy dyng Co chl hpp tie edng - tu, tdy vio bdi d n h mdi qude gia v i linh thi dilm thyc biln hlnb thdt PPR Ngin hing Thi gkJI da vyc kinh t l die trung Theo dd, mdt dinh nghia cd t b l xem djnh nghia VGF nhU sau: "Phdn vdn gdp cda CP cho dtfdn li dly dd dupe nlu bio d o eda Ciy ban Quy hoach (VGF) dugc dinh nghia id phdn diinh tich gitfa gid tri hiin nyc thudc Chinh phd (CP) An Dd, diy l i "mdt hinh thtfe tgi rdng (NPV)' eda tdng mtfc ddu tu cda dtf dn, vd gid tri, thifi: hlin cdc chuang trlnh/dtf dn cda CP phdi hgp vdi khuhiin tgi rdng eita tdng doanh thu dtfdn dtfki&i sudt vtfctunhdn Thudt ngtf "tW (mdt ehtfP) tirongPPPbaogom vdng ddinhugng auyin, nhdm ddm bdo tinh khd thi vimdt tdt ed cdc ca quan phi CP nhu khdl doanh nghiip, td chtfc tdi ehinh cOa dtf an." (WorW Bank 2012) tin/) nguyin, U! chtfc xi hdi ddn stf, edng ty tunhdn, ednhin Llln quan din bd trp vdn cda nhi nude cho dy i n vd cdc fd chtfc tgi cdng ddng vica bin, cd mdtstfchuy6i PPP, ed bdn loai edng eu VGF dupe d c qude gia diln edu djch fd viic cung dp djch vu trtfe tiip cda CP, sang ca chi i p dung eho d c linh vye khie nhau, dd li: qudn II vd diiu phSi djch vu cda nhd nudc Vai trd vd tnich 3.1 Gip vin xiy dtfng nhlim cda cdc bin cd thi khdc gitfa cdc ngdnh Trong Kinh thde niy dupe thye hiln dud dang gdp vdn khldmdtsddtfdn/chuang trinh, khu vuc tunhin tham gia eda khu vyc nhi nude thdng tbudng dupe chia sdu vdo tit ci cic khiu thtfe hlin, thi d mdtsd khde vaitrdthdi kl xiy dyng Nd ed tie ddng giim ehi vdn m i NOT tU eOahg chi Id rit nhi." {Oy ban Quy hoach, CP An Odi 2004) nhin d n bd vio dy in Ching ban, nlu tdng mde dIu tu Nhin chung ed mdt sd ddng luc din tdi vile nghiln eda dy in l i 100 VNB v i khoin vdn gdp xiy dyng eda CP cdu v i i p dyng hlnb thdc PPP Thd nhlt ngin sich cda l i 20 VNB, tbl chi phf vdn rdng m i NBT tU nhin phii bd Nhi nude h^n bep^ khdng dddipdngnhudu ngiy dng sl l i 80 VNB Do dd, nlu khdng ed vdn gdp eda CP tbl Idn vi djch vu cdng cdng td vl|c di lai cho din GO, y t l VI kbfa e?nh niy, khu vut tu nhin cd t h i can thilp nhd ' Khii nIf m gii trj hiln tai rdng (Net Present Value) li khii ni|m cd ngudn til chlnh ddi dio cda hp^ xem vi|c diu tu vio til chinh doanh nghidp vi dy in ndi rilng, dupc sOr dung dc cdng trinh eda Nhi nudc nbu l i mdt vu diu tu bip dl chllt khiu ddng tiin tuong lai vl gii tn hi|n t?i vdi din nhd ed sy h^u tbuin m^nb m l cua nhi nudc dudi myc dfch dUa tit ci de ddng tiin phit sinh vl m^ mdc tham d^ng CO ehl phip II, bio linh buy ddng vda bio lanh chilu dl xie djnh tfnh thi giua chi phi (ii phin bd hdm nay) vi doanh thu/lpl nhuln (li phin thu vl mai sau) S