GlAO DUC NUffC NGOAl ® TAG D O N G C U A D A N H GIA PISA TOfI PHAT TRIEN CHUONG TRJNH GIAO DUG PHO THONG d MOT SO NUOlC PGS TS NGUViN THUY HdNG Trung l im Noliiin cHru Giio dgc Phf Uidng 1 Chuong tri[.]
GlAO DUC NUffC NGOAl TAG D O N G ® GIA PISA TOfI PHAT TRIEN CHUONG TRJNH GIAO DUG PHO THONG d MOT SO NUOlC CUA DANH PGS.TS NGUViN THUY HdNG Trung lim Noliiin cHru Giio dgc Phf Uidng Chuong trinh d i n h g i i hpc sinh qudc t l PISA cfla OECD ndi b i t so vdi eic chuang trinh dinh g i i qudc t l khic nhdquy md t o i n ciu, tfnh chu kl nim/ISn, 66 tin ciy, tfnh khich quan v i khoa hpc d i p flng yeu ciu cCia cic nflde thinh vien tham gia v l eie dfl lilu dinh kl, bp cdng cu v i k i t q u i phin tich t h i n h tfch hoc t i p cfla hpe sinh v i h i thdng giio dye d cic nude Sfl ddi cda d i n h g i i qudc t l nhu PISA l i mpt nhflng mlnh chflng rd n h i t v l xu t h l t o i n ciu hda g i i o due v i t i t nhien nhflng thdng tin tfl eic dinh g i i niy se t i c ddng ldi eic qudc gia tham gla v i 'd da so cdc nudc, thdng tin ndy trd thdnh mpt phdn cdu chuyin cdi cdch gido due" D i n h gia PISA l i d i n h g i i qudc t l tren dien rdng (large scale asessment) n h i m vao d i n h g i i nang luc v i l i mpt nhflng danh g l i cd su"bung nd thdng tin v l so sinh qudc t l " Idn nhat nhflng nam d i u the ki XXI Mdt nghien cflu g i n day cua FIgazzolo Laura ve Tdc dpng cOa ddnh gid PISA 2006 tdi cudc tranh ludn vichlnh sdch gido ducf^ da k h i n g dinh ring, k i t qua dinh gia PISA 'dd trd thdnh mdt tdi liiu tham khdo cdc cupc tranh ludn vi chinh sdch gido due d hdu hit 57 qudc gia tham gia Dd duac sQ dung hiiu qud viic hUdng ddn, thdng qua ede khuyin nghi chlnh sdch, dinh hudng chinh sdch cua chinh phu edc nude gida due hudng tdi mdt cdch tiip cdn kinh ti", "PISA 2006 cung cho thay mdt sd djnh hudng chfnh sich d l g i i i quyet ca v l c h i t Iflpng v i cdng bing" Nghiin cflu n i y cung ch! rd ' c i i eich giio due (d cic nudc), khdng nhat thiet p h i i k i t qui PISA, nhung n g i y c i n g tang v i chfl yeu la cic nudc deu coi k i t q u i PISA mdi nhat nhfl l i mpt tham chilu cdi ngudn chinh dang cho hanh dpng cOa mlnh Thf dy, "chflng tdi se d l nghj nhU v i y va cii cieh nhu viy, bdi vl, nhu PISA, nudc ta tut hiu ' Trong thUe t l , eic nude tham gia chfnh dinh g i i PISA l i cic nudc den tfl khdi OECD hay cie nen kinh t l p h i t t r i l n , noi m i uu t h l kinh t l xa hdi da giflp eai thien k i t q u i hpc t i p , nhflng thay ddi v l mdi trfldng hpc t i p , dao dfle v i sfl n h i l t tinh cfla giio viln (GV) va c h i dp kl l u i t da tao nhflng i n h ' bavld p Baker, Geland K.Letendre, Khic bi^t qudc gla dong dang todn cau, NXB Vin hda Sii G6n, 2010 ' FIgazzolo Laura, Impact Of PISA (2006) on the education policydebate, www.PISA 2006 hudng n h i t dinh tdi chuang trinh giio dye Gunnar Gjone, nghien cflu v l " P h i t t r i l n chuong trinh t o i n hpe"^ cho T^ng:"Khung chuang trlnh TI/VISS PISA dd dnh hudng din cde tdi liiu chuang trinh gidng day d mpt sd nudc" 'Chung taed thi nhin vdo dnh hudng Ciia cdc so sdnh quoc ti (TI/VISS, PISA, lEA) vdi chuang trinh gidng dgy quoc gia Hg Idm dnh hudng nhQng gl? - Cdu true - Ndi dung - Qud trlnh sQa doi" Vi chlnh eic nghien cdu cua mlnh v l ket q u i PISA 2009, OECD cung cho r i n g "Tit c i cie qudc gia dang llm cieh cii thien k i t q u i cfla ho ed i h l rflt nhflng b i i hpc tfl nhflng nude da t h i n h cdng d i n h g i i PISA"^ Mdi nghien cflu cua OECD v l danh gia PISA deu rat co g i n g tim cic n h i n td chfnh i n h hudng tdi t h i n h Uch hoc t i p cua tflng hpc sinh (HS) va eua cic nhdm HS cd cung nang Iflc (cohort of ability), giup eic n h i nghien cflu v i hoaeh djnh chinh sich giao dye d tflng quoc gia cd cii nhin khich quan, tin ciy ve thUc trang cua chuang trinh cung nhfl cie dieu kien thpc thi chuong trinh va Ipa chpn dupc djnh hudng phat tnen chuong trinh tUOng lai Tuy nhien, khd ed the chf rd lac ddng eua mpt cudc danh g i i qudc te tam ed IPn nhu PISA den ehinh sich v i chuong trinh giio due phd thdng eua mpt nUde bdi nhieu li do, Trude hit, muc dich rieng eCia danh g i i nen tac ddng cOa nd ddi vdi viec p h i t t r i l n chuong trinh g i i o due phd thdng da phan l i gian tiep, Hon nfla, mpi su thay ddi phat trien chuang trinh giao due v i chfnh sach ve dieu kien thpc thi chuong trinh cfla tflng nude d i u chju i n h hudng t i e dpng cua rat nhieu y i u td, ed nhflng yeu td rieng biet cfla tflng nude m i khd ed t h l chi tudng minh y i u td n i o ddng vai trd ehinh Nghien cflu t i c dpng d tflng nflde lai cang khd khan bdi vl thai dp l i l p nhan PISA eija gidi chfnh trj, cdng luan, cfla gidi nghien cflu, cfla nhflng ngudl lam cdng t i c giao dye v i cfla cdng chung k h i phfle tap bdi d mdt sd nude, t h i n h tfeh PISA cd the g i y nhflng cu sdc Idn (thf dy nhu dDfle) nhflng d mpt sd nude khac thl lai khdng {thf du nhu Phan Lan, Nhit Ban), mdt sd nude cd t h i i dp tfl t h d d den quan t i m (thf du nhfl Phip) • Gunnar Gjone, Research on curriculum development in mathematics, www PISA 2006 ' PISA 2009 Results; Executive Summary, OECD 2010, www.PISA 2009 Slf81-THANG6/Z01Zô61 đ GlAODUCNUOCNGOAl *PhdnLan: Hpc sinh Phin Lan, theo nhu k i t q u i cdng bd (Nim 2000, dpe h i l u 546 d i l m {thfl 1/43), Toin 536 d i l m (thfl 4/43), Khoa hpc 538 d i l m (thfl 3/43); n i m 2003, dpe hilu 543 d i l m (thfl 1/41), Toin 544 d i l m (thfl 2/41), Khoa hpe 548 d i l m {thfl 1/41), Glil quylt v i n d l 548 d i l m {thfl 2/41); n i m 2006, dpe h i l u 547 d i l m (thd 2/57), Toin 548 d i l m (thfl 2/57), Khoa hpc 563 d i l m (thfl 1/57); n i m 2009, dpe h i l u 536dilm (thfl 2/65), Toin 541dllm (thfl 4/65), Khoa hpc 554 d i l m {thfl 2/65), ludn dgt d i l m cao nhit, ludn d tdp d i u v i ddng d i u d t i t c i cic mdn d i l u tra, vUpt Irpi hon h i n b i t cfl nudc n i o tham gia PISA k l c i eie nude OECD, Sau k i t q u i PISA n i m 2003, trUde nhflng d l nghj "trao ddi kinh nghiem g i i o dye', Phin Lan l i l n t i l p td chflc ba cupc hdi t h i o qudc t l g i i o dye n i m 2005 (thing 3/2005 v l bl q u y l t i h i n h cdng cOa g i i o dye Phin Lan; t h i n g 10/2005 v l cie n h i n td quylt dinh k i t q u i PISA eua Phin Lan; t h i n g 12/2005 v l nhflng chfnh sich hd trp hpc t i p v i phue loi g i i o due t o i n dien) Trong l i t c i cic nghien cflu eua OECD v i cie tu lieu k h i c chi cd nhflng thdng tin v l "bdi hqc vi kit qud eua Phdn Lan' chQ khdng cd thdng tin ndl vi 'tdc dpng cua PISA din gido due Phdn Lan" Bd trfldng giio due Sari Sarkomaa ndi v l t h i n h tich cfla Phin Lan: "Chung rdi vui mdng thay rdng viic kiin dinh ddu tu cho nin gido due dd mpt Idn nOa dua Phdn Lan ddn ddu bdng xep hang PISA Trong thi gidi todn cdu hda kinh tindy, gido due Id chia khda dePhdn Lan gidduqe Igi thi canh tranh Phdn Lan si tiip tuc ehu trqng trang bikiin thQc cho hoc sinh cd thi hpi nhdp ddy dO vdo xdhpied Idn ngodi nhd trudng" Hon 40 n i m qua, Phin Lan tri dn djnh md hinh trudng hoc ed muc tieu giio dye t o i n d i l n (comprehensive schooling), vl su p h i t triln ngfldi (human development), chu chat lupng eua g i i o vien v i c h i t lupng giing dgy Oilu cung dupe n h i n mgnh Bio c i o cua UNESCO "Tgl Phdn Lan, mdt nudc cdng nghiip cd truyin thdng Idu ddi vi gido due, cupc khung hodng kinh ti nhQng ndm 90 dd tgo mpt dpng iQc cho chiin luge cOa mpt nin kinh ti tri thQc (dde bl^t Id gido due vd nghiin cQu &phdt triin dd ddng mpt vai trd chlnh yiu suphuc hdi.'^ Ddi mdi g i i o dye tfl tfl v i b i n vflng tfl nhflng n i m 80 d i n nay, - l i trung t i m sfl t h i n h cdng cua giio due Phin Lan n i m 2003, dpe h i l u 498 d i l m {thfl 15/41), Toin 534 d i l m (thfl 6/41), Khoa hpe 548 d i l m (thfl2/41), Glil q u y l t v i n d l 552 d i l m {thfl 1/41); n i m 2006, dpe h i l u 498 d i l m (thfl 15/57), T o i n 523 d i l m (thfl 10/57), Khoa hpc d l l m (thfl 6/57); nam 2009, dpe h i l u 520 d i l m (thfl 6/65), T o i n 529 d i l m (thfl 7/65), Khoa hpc 539 d i l m (thfl 4/65) Nhflng phin tfch cfla OECD d i chl r i n g 'Cam kit manh mi vi gido dgc eOa Nhpt Bdn thOc ddy sU bin vQng eia nin kinh ti nhanh chdng tdng trudng thdi kl sau chiin tranh, vd ngudn nhdn iQc chdt luang cao dd giup Nhpt Bdn Id mpt nhdng ddi tde quan trqng sdn xudt cdng nghi cao, sdn phim cd gid tr'r Tuy n h i l n , k i t q u i t f l PISA 2000 v i 2003 d i n h g l i k h i n i n g t o i n hpe cho t h i y N h i t Bin cd suy g l i m v l c h i t Iflpng g i i o due k h i l n ngfldi Nhit lo nggi v l sfl thdng trj cua hp s i n g tgo v i khai t h i e cdng n g h i t i i n t i l n , m i mdt p h i n nguyin n h i n l i bdi npi dung g i i o due N h i t B i n q u y l t djnh ihuc d i y chuong trinh e i l cieh tu {eich t i l p c$n yutorl kyoiku - g i i o dgc t h o i i mii) t f l n i m 2002 d l g l i m cudng d d cfla c i c chucmg trinh hpc, thay ddi khdng chl c h i t lUpng m i c i v l sd lupng, khdi lupng (chuong trinh t i l u hpe v i trung hpe cO sd g i i m 30%), d i n h thdi gian hpe tfch hpp d eic cip hpc, thay dfli eich hpc ghi nhd kf dc, t i n g cUdng thuc n g h i i m , "da dang" v i "linh hoat" Nhd dd, k i t q u i cfla PISA 2009 cho t h i y nhflng c i i t h i l n ding k l c h i t lUpng g i i o due cung nhU mdi quan h i GV-HS Bii hpe Idn cua g i i o due N h i t B i n sau d i n h g l i PISA 2009 l i c i i t i l n Chuong trinh giing day d l ehuyin trpng t i m tfl cieh t i l p e i n dua t r l n npi dung/ehfl d l t r u y i n thdng sang eich t i l p ein dua t r l n n i n g luc "He thdng g i i o due dupe t h i l t k l khdng chl d l p h i t t r i l n n i n g lUc n h i n thfle cOa HS, m i edn khic s i u eic g i i tri cua x i hdi cOa h i n h vi dao dfle, p h i t t r i l n n h i n t i i v i g i n k i t x i hdi nhflng HS"^ David P Baker & Gerald K.Letendre chl r i n g 'Cd vi nhu ngudi Nhpt dd tim cdng thdc thSn ki cho sgphdt triin ddt nudc Theo quan diim cua nhiiu ngudi fiAidd chlnh Id tInh hiiu qui cOo hi thdng gido due cia Nhdt Bdn, hi thdng ndy dd dgy eho HS nhQng mdn khd nhu todn vd khoa hqc' v i tang cfldng g i i o due ddng ca hpc t i p v i sfl t u giic tham gla eic khda hpc cd tfnh kl l u i t cao - juku va yobiko, hay l i " g i i o due hd trp"«, m i OECD gpi d i y l i * Nhdt Bin: N h i t B i n l i mdt nhflng nflde cd k i t q u i ' OECD (2012), Lessons from PISA for Japan, Strong Performe h i n g d i u v l c i c d i n h g i i PISA tflng chi and Successful Reformers In Education, OECD Publishing, t i l u eho g i i o due cdng cdng v i tU n h i n n h u l i mdt http://dx.dol.org/W.1737/9789264118539 p h i n cfla GDP thl dfldi mfle trung blnh cfla OECD ' OECD (2012), Lessons from PISA for Japan, Strong Perfomers { n i m 2000, dpe h i l u 522 d i l m (thfl 8/43), Toin 557 and Successful Reformers (n Education, OECD Publishing, d i l m (thfl 1/43), Khoa hpc 550 d i l m (thfl 2/43); httpy/dx.ded.org/W.1787/9789264J 1853 • David P Baker & Gerald K.Letendre, Khic biet quoc gia dSng ' UNESCD Bdo cdo gidm rft todn cdu v4gida due cho mp/ ngt/OI, 2005 dang todn cJu, NXBV3n hoa, Sdi Gdn, 2010 62*KH0AH9CGiA0D||C GlAO DUC NUdc NGOAl "trii tim cfla He thdng g i i o due N h i t Bin"."Kit q u i la, cd mdt tf le rat nhd HS d N h i l Bin dat dUdl mdc CO b i n c i p dp cfla PISA" ^ *OUc: Trudc tham gia PISA, Dfle ludn t u h i o v l n i n giio due Uu v i l t cda mlnh nhung k i t q u i sau hai kl PISA 2000 v i 2003 eOa Dfle deu dudi mfle trung blnh eCia OECD (nam 2000, dpe hieu 484 d i l m (thfl 21 /43), Toin 490 d i l m (thfl 19/43), Khoa hpc 487 d i l m (thfl 20/43);nam 2003, doc h i l u 491dilm{thfl22/41),Toin 503 diem (thfl 19/41), Khoa hpc 502 d i l m (thfl 18/41), Giii quylt van d l 513 diem (thfl 13/41); nam 2006, dpe hilu 495 d i l m (Ihfl 18/57), Toin 504 d i l m (thfl 20/57), Khoa hpc 516 d i l m {thfl 13/57); n i m 2009 dpe hilu 497dilm (thfl 18/65), Toin 513 d i l m (thfl 14/65), Khoa hpc 520 diem {thfl 10/65) d i k h i l n nude Dde bi chin dpng {a deep shock) v i da gidng ien hdi ehudng cinh bio v l thuc trang g i i o giio due eua nudc Dfle m i bio chf gpi l i "ndi dau cua nude Dfle" "Bong bdng giio dye da vcf', "Nen giio due que q u i t " hay "He Ihdng giio dye cfla Dfle d i ldi ihPi (anachronism}"'".,, Dieter Hundt, Chu tjch lien d o i n cic hiep hdi viec l i m ciia Dfle cho r i n g ehuong trinh giio dye eua Dfle da hdng (failed) v i c i n mot cudc dai phiu Nhflng phin tich cfla OECD cung chi ro suyeu kem t r i m trpng cCia HS Dfle v i nguyen n h i n ca b i n la: npi dung chuang trinh cic mdn khoa hpc chfla cd tinh ihuc tien v i chua hudng d i n hinh nang lue giii quylt van d l , Ngay sau k i t q u i PISA duoc cdng bd vao n i m 2001, Thfl tudng Dfle Gerharh Sholder d i phil dieu tran v l nen giio due Dfle truPe Qudc hpi {thing 6/2002), vi tfl dd giao dye ludn dupe Uu tien hing dau chiln dich van dpng tranh cfl eua eac chfnh tri gia v i cic ding phii Kit q u i i i Dfle d i t d bd he thdng giio dye sing Ipe HS ba cap dp (three - tier school system) sang he thong giio dye t o i n dien", chuyen tfl chflong trinh theo hudng npi dung sang chuong trinh theo hudng n i n g Ipc, tang cudng sd gid tfl hoc cda HSqua hpc t i p kinh nghiem truPng hpe toan dien (comprehensive schooling) eua Phan Lan; lap mot coquan dde l i p 64 x i y dpng cic tieu ehuan d i n h g l i trinh dd cua HS ap dyng chung cho t o i n qudc (thdng qua thing 12.2003) v i mdt fly ban gdm cic chuyen gia giio due hang dau de g i i m s i t c h i t Iflpng giao due tren c i nflde, i p dyng chuan giio due loan qudc cho cic mdn: Tieng Dfle, Toin, Tieng Anh tfl nam hpe 2003-2004; tfl chflc them kilm tra PISA nflde khic cho tat c i cac trudng tham gia PISA va kiem tra ngiy thfl vdi su trp giflp cfla m i y tfnh theo tinh thSn dinh g i i PISA, cdng bd b i y phgm vl hoat dpng ' OECD (2012), Lessons from PISA for Japan, dd ddn " www.dw-world.de/dw/article " httpy/en.wiklpedia.org/wiki/education In Germany ® cfla hpi t h i o bp giio due t o i n lien bang'l Nam 2006, l i n d i u lien giio due Dfle dat k l l q u i cao hon mfle trung binh ciJa cic nude OECD Nam 2008, Dde d i u lU them 10% GDP v i o g i i o due (tuong dUOng 41 tf Euro tfnh tdi 2015} Bio cio OECD nam 2010 ve k i t q u i PISA 2009 cho t h i y d i n h g i i sau 10 nam PISA chit lupng giio due eda Dfle cd t i l n bd hon nhung v i n cdn tdn tai mpt sd van d l Nam 2010, Dfle tang them 3% GDP cho n g i n sich giio dye v i R&D, xiy dUng chuin 12 nam cho bSng tdt nghiep, dua k i t q u i d i n h g i i kilm tra chuin giio due cho Idp 10 t i t c i cic bang (mdn Tilng Dde,Tieng Anh,Tilng Phip,Toin, LI, Hda, Sinh tuong duong vdi b i i kilm Ira PISA eho HS d d d tudi 15) v i tiep tuc t i l n hinh v i o nam 2011 eho mdn chinh (Tilng Dde, Toin), v i nam 2012 {Toin v i Khoa hpe tu nhien); Thanh l i p trung t i m nghien cflu so sinh giio dye qudc te d Munchen tfl 2011 " Nhu v i y Dfle l i mot trudng hpp dien hinh cho sU lie dong lich cue cua chuong trinh PISA ddi vdi viec ning cao chat lupng g i i o dye va ddi mPI chuong trinh giio dye phd thong theo tiep can PISA Nhd sU cinh tfnh sau PISA, giio due Dfle da Sat &ugc nhflng bude lien ding ke v l thinh tich cfla HS mot khoing thdi gian kha ngin *Phdp: Nudc Phip tham gla PISA tfl giai doan hinh thinh va la thinh vien ehuan bj cdng cu Thinh tfeh cua Phap d nhdm cae nude trung blnh cfla OECD (Nam 2000, dpe hieu 505 diem (thfl 13/43), Toan 517 diem (thfl 10/43), Khoa hoe 500 diem {thfl 12/43); nam 2003, ape hilu 496 diem (thfl 17/41), Toan 511 diem (thfl 16/41), Khoa hpc 511 diem (thfl 13/41), Giii quyet van de 519 diem (thfl 10/41); nam 2006, doc hieu 488 diem (thfl 23/57), Toin 496 diem (thfl 23/57), Khoa hoc 495 diem (thfl 25/57); n i m 2009, doe hieu 496 diem (thfl 19/65), Toan 497 diem {thfl 20/65), Khoa hoc 498 diem (thfl 24/65), Ban dau, thai dp chung cua Phap cho ring PISA khdng that hieu q u i vl nd khdng dinh gia chinh chuong trinh dang dupe giing day d nha trudng, Phai d i n sau k i t q u i PISA 2006, Phip mdi quan t i m nhieu hon d i n PISA nhu mpt ngudn tri thfle mdi bpc Id mdt sd van de v l he thdng giao dye va tao nhieu tranh luan v l ehinh sach giio due d Phap, thf du nhU tranh luan v l che dp luu ban, v l mue tieu day doe hilu, v l su thilu tu tin eua HS, ve vai trd cua cic sai lam cfla HS hpc tap Sau PISA 2003, nhflng thio luin, ddng gdp y kien v l giio dye dUpc tong ket qua bao cioThelotnim 2004 va Phip da thdng qua Luit Ojnh hudng v i chuong trinh vi tUong lai, bd sung sfla ddi eho Luit Giao due, xac djnh mdt nen t i n g tdi thieu can dat sau GD bat bude gpi la SOCCOM PISA 2006, Phip "http://huy,f!nland.googtepages.com/pisaaigermany " http;//www.n-tv.de/poiitik/dossier/Blick-ln-den-Unterrichtfehlt-article936773.html Sli81-TllANGB/20l2»63 ® GiAODVCNUOCNGOAl sflt g i i m v l d i l m sd v i thfl bic vi" , Nudc Phip khdng mpt bdi cinh tdn hon 64 g l i l thfch t h i n h tfeh qudc t h l khdng d l y d i n eie b i o cio chfnh thfle v i eic d i n h gla D i n h g l i n i y cd t h l h i l n thj nhflfng gl cd t h l g i i qudc t l , chung chi k l l q u i ldi t | cfla trfldng t l i u giio dye, c h i t lUpng cfla k i t q u i giio dye cflng nhU hpe"'^ v i Thfl tudng Chlnh phu d i ban hinh ngh| djnh sp cdng b i n g vi^c p h i n phdi cic ca hdi hpc tip v l N i n t i n g chung n i n g Ipe v i k i l n thfle, xic djnh Chdng cd t h l hd trp cie chfnh phfl t h i l t l i p cic myc nhflng kiln thfle v i nang Ipc chung khdng t h l thilu tieu chlnh sich b i n g eich t h i l t l i p cic myc t i l u ddi vdi moi cdng d i n sau giai dogn giio dye b i t bupc, Ifldng bdi hi thdng khic v i giflp dd x i y dflng q u j dao vilt t i t l i SOCCOM " [SOCCOFvl dugc xdy dQng} dUa vdoeil cieh Chflng cdng cd t h l gidp cic nudc l i m dilu cde ddnh gid qudc ti nhdt Id vdo PISA, mdt ddnh gid dd dd tren nhflng uu d i l m v i han c h l cfla hp cflng nhu dem tdi mpt li^ng cd tinh so sdnh edc kiin thQc vd g i i m sit sp t i l n b d " " V i nhu viy, cd t h l b i n d i n mpt ndng lucedn thiit cho cd cupc ddr Tuy nhiln, khd cd t h l cieh t i l p cin mdi ddi mdi ehuong trinh giio khing djnh mfle dp i n h hudng glfla d i n h g i i PISA vdl dye phd thdng - t i l p c i n PISA tfl vl§c xic djnh myc tliu nhflng dilu chfnh SOCCOM chflong trinh, cd t h l v i khung n i n g Iflc chfl chdl cho hpc sinh phd thdng, kit q u i PISA chf l i cii cd d l Bd Giio dye Phip t i l n hinh khung n i n g Ipc cho cic tinh vuc dpe hilu, toin, khoa cii cieh giio dye phd thdng Kit q u i PISA 2009 cho hpe d i n vl$e tfl chflc dgy hpc hinh t h i n h n i n g Iflc xiy phep Phip nhin rd chilu hudng ihay ddi v l thinh tfch dflng thang n i n g Ipc bdcdng cu v i kithu^t xflIIthdng cua HS Phip vdi cic nguyen n h i n chfnh v l suphin hda tin tfl cieh d i n h g l i n i n g tpc cho HS t r l n di|n rpng chit luong gifla nhdm manh, nhdm y i u v i Sfl khie b l | l v l k i t q u i ning lue theo d l l u kien xuit t h i n , Phip d i TAILI$UTHAMKHAO dua eie nhdm "biln phip" cii cieh, d i l u chfnh chfnh ( Bp trudng Gida due Phdp Xavler Darcos, Gldl sich v i chuang trinh giio dye phd thdng mang tfnh thiiu Duthdo Chuang trinh gido due tiiu hgc trang bu6l "ddn b i y " d l thpc hiln n h i m giii quylt cie v i n d l t r l n hgp bdo 20/2/2008 Cie n h i chinh tri Phip giai dogn g i n d i y cho ring "PISA DavidP Baker, GelandKletendre, Khdcbiitqudc da trd thinh "ein cfl tham c h i l u ' g i n nhu b i t budc gia ddng dgng todn cdu, NXB Vin hda Sii Gdn, 2010 eua phit ngdn chlnh trj"nhung mdt sd n h i nghlln cflu Emin 2011, X Pons 2008, 2010, d i n theo lai cho r i n g " Sy l i l p n h i n PISA d Phip; tfl de d i t d i n D i o Vin Toin Gunnar Gjone, Research on curriculum Igm dyng, tfl chd coi ring PISA khdng ihfch hpp di ttiri development in mathematics, www.PISA 2006 viec sd dung k i t q u i PISA nhu cdng cu d l bien minh Figazzolo Laura, Impact Of PISA (2006) on the cho chfnh sich, quan d i l m K l l q u i PISA dupc dung d l education policydebate, www.PlSA.oecd.org "hpp thfle hda" nhflng cii' eich hay nhflng quan d i l m PISA 2009 Results: Executive Summary, OfCD cd tfl trudc" { K Emin-CUu phd GD DEPP 2011)'^ 2010, www.PISA.oecd.org Cic dinh g i i qudc t l ndi chung v i d i n h g i i Lessons from PISA for Japan, Strong Performers PISA ndi rieng du khdng d i n h g i i k i t q u i hpc t i p cfla and Successful Reformers in Education, OECD Publishing, HS dua v i o eac chucmg irinh cu I h l cfla tflng qudc gla OECD (2012),httpJ/dx.doi.org/l 0.1787/9789264118539 nhung d i u cd tic dpng n h i t dinh tdi vile p h i t triln UNESCO Bdo cdo gidm sdt todn cSu vigida due cung nhu d i l u kien thpc Ihi chuong Irinh giio due eua cho mgi ngudi, 2005 cic nude thinh vien Vile hoc t i p kinh nghiem d cie a wvvw.dw-vvorid.de/dw/artkie;wwwS'ISAoeaiorg, qudc gia da tham gia PISA cd y nghi r i l Idn ddi vdi thpc http://en.wikipedia.arg/wlki/educatian in t i l n nghien cflu p h i t triln chuong trinh giio dye dmdl Germany qudc gia Oac biet, 10 n i m qua, nhflng thdng tin W http://huy.finland.goaglepages.com/ tfl d i n h g i i PISAdi t r d t h i n h c i n cflquan trpng d i c i c pisa&germany nflde tham gia thay ddi, t h i m chf cii cieh giio dye V l 11 http://wvinw.n-tv.de/polilik/dosster/Blick-lnd i l u niy, nhdm nghien cflu David R Backer v i Gerald den-Untenicht-fehlt-artide936773.htmL K LeTendre nhin djnh "cd r i t nhilu cudc c i i id dUpc thue day bdi nhflng so sinh qudc t l " ' * "Nhilu qudc gia SUMMARY chl dgo vile hoc t i p cua HS d l tham gia d i n h g i i niy The article has presented the impacts of PISA on the D i n h g i i so sinh qudc t l cd t h l m d rdng v i l i m phong development of genemi curriculum in Finland, Japan, phfl them eic hinh i n h qudc gia b i n g cieh cung c i p Germany and France According to the author, studying experiences from those countries which participated In " sa trudng Giio dye PhSp Xavler Darcos, Gldl thl$u Dp thio Chuong trlnh giio due rteu hoc bu6l h^p bio ngiy PISA would mean significantly to the research practices on development of general curriculum in each such country 20/2/2008 "Emin 2011, X Pons 2008,2010, din theo Bio vanToin 10 David P Baker & Gerald K Le Tendre, Khic bl$t qufic gia d6ng" PISA 2009 ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK - KEY COMPE d^ng toin ciu, NXB Vin h6a Sil Gdn, 2010 PEADING,MA'mEMATICSANDSaENCEwww.\iiia20Q9 64*XHIMIIQCIil/tODVC ... dat dUdl mdc CO b i n c i p dp cfla PISA" ^ *OUc: Trudc tham gia PISA, Dfle ludn t u h i o v l n i n giio due Uu v i l t cda mlnh nhung k i t q u i sau hai kl PISA 2000 v i 2003 eOa Dfle deu dudi... 2003-2004; tfl chflc them kilm tra PISA nflde khic cho tat c i cac trudng tham gia PISA va kiem tra ngiy thfl vdi su trp giflp cfla m i y tfnh theo tinh thSn dinh g i i PISA, cdng bd b i y phgm vl hoat... dong lich cue cua chuong trinh PISA ddi vdi viec ning cao chat lupng g i i o dye va ddi mPI chuong trinh giio dye phd thong theo tiep can PISA Nhd sU cinh tfnh sau PISA, giio due Dfle da Sat &ugc