Itof>wjHys64 53 Lfng dung phiTGfng phap mo phong trong giang day thirc hanh cho sinh vien Md phdng Id vi^c nghien cUu trgng thdi cOa md hinh de qua do hieu dupe hg thdng thye Mo phdng Id tiSn hdnh thl[.]
Itof>wjHys64 53 Lfng dung phiTGfng phap mo phong giang day thirc hanh cho sinh vien HOANG HONG ANH Trudng Dgi hgc Hdng DQc M d phdng Id vi^c nghien cUu trgng thdi cOa md hinh de qua hieu dupe hg thdng thye Mo phdng Id tiSn hdnh thl!f nghigm tren m5 hinh La qud trinh tdi tgo Igi hidn tugng md ngudi nghien eUu can d l quan sdt vd Idm thuc nghidm, tQ dd rQt k^t ludn lUdng ti,f vdt Ihdt Ta cd t h i thue hi§n vide mo phdng IQ nhij'ng phuong l[$n dOn gidn nhu gidy, biix, den cdc nguy§n vdt lidu tdi tgo Igi nguydn mdu (mo hinh blng g6, xdp ,.) hidn dgi hon Id dCing mdy tinh dign tQ Md phdng mdy llnh Id hien thj mdt chudl cdc hinh dnh hogc khung hinh dnh tr^n mdn hinh md phdng theo mdl chuyin ddng nao dd, M6 phdng tren mdy tinh Id mpt xu hudng dgy hgc mdi, hi#n dgi D l xdy dung md phdng trdn mdy llnh ed rat nhilu phdn mem hldu qud nhu Flash, Java, Cde bdl gidng eo Ung dgng mO phdng phUdng tidn nghe nhin hlOn dgi se tgo cho sinh vidn nhieu ky ndng nhu: khd ndng hogt ddng quan sdt cae hinh dnh tTnh hodc dgng, khd ndng thao tdc tren ddi tugng, khd ndng ti; phdt tnln lu duy, iga chgn eon dUdng tdi uu d l nhgn thUc PhiTcing phdp dgy hgc vtfi m6 phdng Phuong phdp dgy hge theo m6 phdng Id phuong phdp tilp cdn nhdn thQc t h i gidi thgc thOng qua md hinh ITnh ho$e ddng bdng phUdng phdp md phdng sinh vien khong ehl tilp thu kiln thUc mdt cdch sdu sdc md qud trinh hpe hg cdn cd t h i tim cdch tilp c^n vdn de d l dgt dugc mgc tidu bdi hpe Dae bi$t sinh vien cd the Igo dgng vd dilu khiln tgi eho ede ddi tugng theo y mudn, Tim tdi phdt hidn ede quan ni^m mdi cung nhU ren luygn k? ndng nghi nghidp Hidn gidng dgy eung nhu nghidn eiJu dd tim kilm vd dUa vdo vdn dyng "Phdng Ihl nghl$m vd thgc hdnh So" 1.1 l/u d i l m n6\ b$t cQa phUdng phap dgy hgc vdi md ph6ng Md phdng eung cfip cho sinh vidn nhQng kinh nghigm eg t h i v l ddi tupng hge tdp theo k i l u trdi nghidm gidn tilp Vdi khd ndng d i l u khiln d i n g thdi tdt cd cde thdnh phdn nhu hinh dnh, dm thanh, video theo ndng Igc cCta ci nhdn sinh vidn cd t h i tg trdi nghl$m v l ddi tupng TQ nhQng trdi nghidm ndy sinh vlSn hinh thdnh cho minh ky ndng, kJ xdo thgc hdnh n g h i nghi$p SUe mgnh su phgm cua m6 phdng t h i hi§n d cho huy ddng tdt cd cde gidc quan tai, mSt, tay-cQng vdi bO ndo hpp thdnh h$ thtfng cd khd ndng b i l n dQ li$u thdnh thOng tin Cung dp kiln thilc mOt cdch sdu sdc hdn so vdi mdt gido trinh eo in hinh dnh minh hog thong thudng Mo phdng giup cho sinh vien hpe tap theo nhjp digu rieng, vd tg dieu khien each hgc cda minh, vf dg, sinh vien Acd t h i nhd va vdn dgng dupe cdc thao lae cua mdt hudng dan vien, ddn doan khdeh tai sdn bay, thong qua mgl dogn video clip dugc trinh chieu mgt lan Nhung sinh vien 6, C phdi xem di xem Igi nhilu lan mdi eo t h i nhd vd vdn dgng dupc Md phdng dupc sQ dgng d l hudn luy§n, cung c i p kinh nghidm gian tilp trude sinh vien thgc hdnh thgc t l VI dg, trude mdi chuyin di thgc te chuyen mOn nghi$p vg du lich, sinh vien dupc thgc tgp theo cde thao tde, dupe hudn luyen trudc nhOng edng vipe phdi Idm, nhQng tinh hudng thgc t l ed the xay tren dudng di, Gido vien cung ed the tim thay d mo phdng nhQng khd ndng dpc dao cho vigc td ehUc gidng dgy, Idm eho hogl dpng trd ndn lieh eye hon, Vidg, giao vien cd the ldi tu Internet mpt dogn md phdng ve hogt ddng eua mpt bd mic thu phat khong day, hudng d i n sinh vien quan sdt chudl hoat dgng tren mo phdng, vd sau sinh vien cd the tg trinh bdy Igi dupe nguyen iy hogl dgng cua bg mie thu phdt khdng day Vide dgy hpe theo phuong phdp md phdng giiip cho gido vien l i l t kigm dUpe thdi gian, nhd dd ed t h i khdm pha nhieu ehCi de, lang eudng thdi gian giao tiep, thdo luan vdi sinh vien, 1.2 Lfng dgng phUOng phdp md phdng vigc dgy vd hpe thgc hdnh Mo phdng co the dUpe sQ dyng mpi tinh hudng gidng dgy vd hpe igp thgc hdnh cho sinh vidn Giao vien ed the sd dgng md phdng phan md bdl d l d4l sinh vien tinh hudng cd van d l tgo trgng Ihdl tdm \y san sang tham gia tich eye vdo qud trinh linh hdi kien IhQe Gido vien cd I h l lU mo phdng ggi md phdt triln nhOng y tudng mdi cho sinh vien, PhUdng phdp md phdng ed tinh trgc quan cao, giup smh vidn c6 the quan sdt nhQng hinh dnh trQu tugng, tQ vdn dyng cdc thao tdc, ky n3ng cho bdn thdn Ngodi vige Hnh hdi kien thUc mdn hgc, smh vidn cdn hilu bilt ve eon dudng da dSn d i n kiln thQc, Tuong Qng vdi mdi bdi hpe, gidP vidn chpn phUdng phdp md phdng thich hpp VI dy: sir dyng mfl hinh t h i (Xem tiip trang 57) DDIff^f^,^ 57 4-2013 ndng phd hgp vdi nhu c l u giao tilp thgc t l da dgng vd rdt phQc tgp Trong qud trinh dgy hgc, gido vidn glQ vai trd Id ngudl hudng dSn, t l chQc thgc hi|n, ngudi hge ddng vai trd ehCi dgo qud Irinh dgy hgc; IQc Id phli phdt huy cao dp tfnh tfch cgc cfia hgc vidn luy^n tgp thyc hdnh Mudn thgc hi^n dugc, cd nhdn ngudi hgc phli tich ego vd tg gide tham gia thyc hdnh, khdng sg mac loi, va c i n luu y ring dd luu lodt/trdi chly (fluency) Irong giai dogn ndy Id rat quan trgng Dilu kien Idl thieu de ngudi hpe thyc hanh ky nSng ngdn ngQ Id mdl Idp hpe khdng qua ddng (khodng 35 HS/ldp); cd day dii t h i l l bj nghe nhin, bdng/dTa CD, tranh tinh hudng Vide kiem tra ddnh gia k i t qud hpe lap nen nhdn mgnh vdo k^ nang, vd mdt phan nhd kiln thQc ngdn ngQ Kiem tra k^ nang ngdn ngQ ludn ludn dupe Uu tidn bdt ky hinh thQc ndo nude la hidn nay, vide dgy vd hgc Tieng Anh nha trudng diln mdi trudng giao tiep cua thay vd trd edn ed r l l nhilu hgn c h l : Dgy hgc mdt tap the idn (Ihudng Id ddn vj ldp hgc cd kholng 40 hpe sinh hogc hpn), irlnh dp nh$n thQc cd nhilu cap dd khde nhau, phuPng tien hd trp gilng dgy chUa ding bd NhQng dilu ndy ldm phdn tdn sy tdp Chung cCia hge sinh, tdc ddng rat Idn den vi^c ren luyen kTndng eho hge sinh, Idm chdm qud trinh tiep thu kiln IhQe cCia hgc sinh vd sg phan bd thdi gian eho tQng phan npi dung bdi cho phu hgp vdi IQng logi bdi giang (thgc hdnh, kfndng) cting Id mdt tdc ddng tdi vide Iga ehgn, nghien cQu vd dp dgng kT nang dgy IQ vgng eho thich hpp UfNG DUNG PHl/dNG PHAP (Xem tiep trang 53) hi^n c l u true Thdnh nhd Hd, myc dfeh giup sinh vien Ihuyet minh v l Thanh nhd Hd, tnjde chuyen tham quan thyc te Giao vien vd sinh vien ed I h l sQ dyng phuong phdp md phdng d l gilng dgy vd hpe tgp ddc lap, chu y l u phgc vy cho viee ty hpe, tg nghien cQu tdi lieu hpe tap ndy Ihudng dupe cung cap qua cdc trang web hay qua dTa'CD Giang vien cd the sQ dyng md phdng k i t hpp vdi cde phan m i m trinh ehilu khae nhu power point hay gidng dgy tren web Tdm lai, apdyng phUdng phap md phdng gidng dgy va hpe tap thgc hanh mang Igi nhieu hieu qua eao cho qud trinh chiem ffnh tri thQc cua cd ngudi dgy va ngudi hpe Tuy nhien viee md phdng tren may linh dign tQ, ddi hdi gido vien vd sinh vien phai ed kien IhQe tin hge nhal djnh, ky nang silf dyng may linh va cdc Ihiel bi k i t ndi vdi may linh Mat khac, md phdng tren may Unh dign tQ khdng phai la van nang irong dgy hpe, bdi le sinh vien quan sat cac hinh anh dupe md hinh hoa md khdng quan sal dupc cae hien tupng vd qua trinh thgo ve tdm ly eua sg vat Do dd can phSi kel hpp cae phuong phdp md phdng vdi eac phuong tign va eao phuong phdp khde K^T LUAN M5i phuong phdp ddi sau deu dupe eoi nhu mpt cd gIng k l thQa nhQng thdnh tyu vd khlc phye nhugc dilm cCia phuong phdp ddi trudc nd, N l u nhuvdi phuong phdp dgy Tiing Anh Iruyin thdng (phuong phdp ngQ phap - djch) chii trgng nhilu vdo vide hgc vd ren luygn thdnh thgo cdc clu trOe ngQ phdp, thi vdi cdch Hep cdn giao Hep IQc dgy ngogi ngQ theo phUdng phdp thye hdnh giao tilp viee hinh thdnh ngudl hgc ndng lyc sQ dyng ngdn ngQ thdnh thgo Igi Id trpng tdm cua qud Irlnh dgy hgc Khac vdi phuong phdp nghe ndi (audio-lingual) vdi sQ nhan mgnh d i n vai trd eua luydn tdp thudn thyc cdc mau eau IrQo cd sin, cdch gilng dgy theo phuong phdp thgc hdnh giao Hep nhdn mgnh d i n ndng tuong tdc eua ngudi hpe bdi ednh giao tilp, dd mdl hdnh vi ngdn ngQ eCia ngudi hgc se Ihay ddi IQy Ihudc vdo nhQng phdn *Qng va cdu trd Idi trudc dd cCia nhQng ngudl cQng tham gia Theo phuong phdp gido dye truyln thdng, hpe ngogi ngQ thudng duge eoi nhu mdt qud trinh truyen thu kiln thQc IQ thiy sang trd Ihl vdi vide sQ dgng phuong phdp thyc hdnh giao tilp, vlOc dgy vd hge ngogi ngQ gid day duge nhin nh^n nhu mdl qud trinh khdm phd, dd ngudi hge dan sQ dyng ngdn ngQ phu hpp vdi nhQng mgc dich giao tilp eg thi Ddy Id md hinh dgy hge Id'y ngQdi hpe ldm trung tdm, dd c l thiy vd trd d i u cdng chia sd trach nhidm dgy vd hge Song song vdi vide nhdn mgnh vdo mgc lieu phdt triln ndng ige giao tidp d ngUdi hpe, vide iQa chpn eac hogt ddng hpe tdp cho cd fch, phu hpp vdi nhu cau cilia ngudl hpe vd phli dugc ddt vdo nhQng bdl canh thdt md ngudi hoc ed nhilu ndng s3 gdp phal euOc sdng hdng ngiy./ TAI Ll|U THAM KHAO Christopher Tan, Tran Kieu, Tran Ba Hoanh Nghlin cdu khoa hgc SUphgm dng dgng,t