DIEN DAN P b l M d i CAN BAN, TOAN DIEN GIAO PUC HOAT DONG DAO TAO GIAO VIEN TRONG OOl CANN M O I PGS TS NGUYEN VAN OE* 1 Nang cao chat luong dao tao giao vien (DTGV) doi hoi cap thiet tir thirc tien[.]
DIEN D A N P b l M d i CAN BAN, TOAN DIEN G I A O PUC HOAT DONG DAO TAO GIAO VIEN TRONG OOl CANN MOI PGS Nang cao chat luong dao tao giao vien (DTGV) - doi hoi cap thiet tir thirc tien Chat li;cing giao due phu thupe nhieu vao trinh dp, nang li/c va pham chat dao difc nghe nghiep cua doi ngu giao vien (GV); vj the cua ngudi thay cung chinh la vj the cua giao due, va nguoc lai Raja Roy Singh, nguyen Giam doc UNESCO Chau A - Thai Binh Duong da phat bieu: "Khong mot he thing giao due nao co the vifdn cao qua tam nhung GV lam viee cho n6"(1) Ro rang, GV gii? vai tro quyet djnh qua trinh day - hpc va gop phan dinh hudng lai giao dijc; chat luong GV la mpt nhCrncj nhan to quan trpng nhat gay dung, khang dinh dang cap, lam nen thuong hieu cua nha trudng Ve van de nay, chung toi xin nhan manh them rang, vai tro va vi tri cua GV phai bao gom nhifng yeu cau nhu mpt chuyen gia linh vuc chuyen mon cua minh; mpt ngudi dieu phoi, thiet ke chuong trinh dao tao va npi dung mon hpc; ngudi tu van cho HS cung nhu kiem tra, danh gia hieu qua giang day Vdi vai tro nha thiet ke, GV la nhiJng ngudi khong chi co kien thirc uyen tham ITnh vi/c chuyen mon ma hieu biet tudng tan nhung quy luat nhan thu'c diin qua trinh hpc tap, tudo biet each giup dd hpc sinh (HS) tirng bude nam vCrng mon hpc, biet each giup HS vugt qua nhung kho khan tat yeu cua mon hpc Dong thai, GV phai dua vao nhung dac diem cua HS de dua nhung tai lieu, bai giang kich thich duoe tinh ham hpc hoi, giup HS phat huy dan kha nang tuhpc, tu nghien cu'U cua minh Trong vai tro tu van, GV phai n6 luc de xac dinh mgt "tam nhin" va phai g§ng tao nen nhom HS co tinh than dong dpi; phai tim each CO vu HS, dua dugc nhu'ng lai khuyen kip thdi, CO tinh each xay dung de HS hanh dpng hudng tdi dat duac tam nhin La nha quan li qua trinh hpc tap, danh gia giao due, GV phai biet each thiet kebai kiem tra phu hop vdi yeu cau, muc dich va ket qua hpc tap cua HS ben canh yeu cau danh gia HS mpt each cong bSng, chinh xac (ki 1-2/2014) TS NGUYEN V A N OE* Nhin lai thuc te tuyen sinh nhung nam gan day, ket qua cho thay: diem chuan dau vao nganh supham lien tuc giam, rat nhieu nganh cua mpt so trudng co diem chuan chi bang diem san, tham chi khong it thi sinh trung tuyen vao nganh su pham nhung diem mon thi chuyen nganh chi hoac diem "Nang luc nhu vay thi cd cay dua than nao bo'n nam dai hoc de dao tao ngudi GV tot sau nay?" - GS Tran HCruTadatungdatcau hoi Vay la, van de cd tinh tien quyet dap ung yeu cau do'i mdi can ban va toan dien giao due se la nang cao chat luong dpi ngu GV, dd can thiet phai doi mdi hoat dpng DTGV, dang trd "diem ndng" cua giao due khong chi tren ban nghj su d cap quoc gia, ma la ddi lidi tir thuc tien cua chinh moi trudng/ khoa su pham boi canh hien Motsodjnh hirdng doi moi hoat dong DTGV a cac truong/khoa su pham boi canh hien Theo chung toi, thuc hien yeu cau doi mdi can ban, toan dien giao due dap u'ng yeu cau CNN, HDN dieu kien kinh tethj trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chu nghTa va hoi nhap quoc te, GV trude he't phai la mot cdng dan mau muc va phai cd pham chat, nang luc va kT nang cua ngudi lao dong sang tao, nang dong, cd tay nghe, ed tam hon su pham Dong thdi, G V vdi tu each la mot nhan each, lai vufa la chu the,, vua la san pham cua hoat dpng nhung qua trinh bien ddi xa hpi Do vay, nhan each cua GV phai du tam mu'c de lam chu qua trinh giao due nhim tao nen tang cua dan tri, nhan luc, nhan tai; khdng nhung the phai dat dtam cao han, thudng true han, hoan thien han so vdi nhan each cua mot ngudi binh thudng Hay ndi each khac, GV phai cdtd'chait nhan each - tri tue; cu the, ho phai cd "nhan thii^c miu muc, tac phong miu muc, kien thu'c miu muc va hieu qua mau muc" (2) De dap ung tot nhiem vij dao tao dpi ngu GV boi canh hpi nhap, chung tdi cho ring, cac trudng/ * Tnrting Dai hoc Dong Tliap Tap chi Giao due so 327 khoa su pham can quan triet quan diem: nha trudng day nhirng dieu ma ngudi hpc can, xa hpi can, nen kinh te can,ehu'khdng phai chl day cai mangudi thay cd; dong thdi, phai lam sang to: cai gi can va nen day d phd'thdng va day nhu the nao? 1) Bao tao each day phwang phap hgc Da cd mpt thdi gian dai, chuong trinh dao tao cua cac trudng su pham tap trung vao chuan bj cho GV tuang lai nam virng hoat ddng day, nhirng phuang phap, kTnang td'chircthu'c hien hoat ddng day Ngay nay, "SV su pham khdng ehi lo hoc each day ma edn phai chuan bi tot de day each hpc" (3) Van de quan tam nhat, de nhung GV pho' thong tuang lai biet day each hpc la mdi giang vien su pham phai thudng xuyen ren luyen cho SV kTnang tuhpc thdng qua bo mdn minh phu trach Phat trien kha nang tu hoc la mpt nhirng nhiem vu ca ban cua hoat dpng day hpc ndi chung va cua ddi mdi phuang phap day hpc d Viet Nam hien ndi rieng Dieu se giup eho ngudi hpc cd thdi gian va ca hdi de thu nhan, sang loc, chuyen hda thong tin va phat trien cae kTnang (nang luc hanh dpng) Theo quan diem su pham tuang tac, ngudi hpc neu cd tdchat quan trong: dong ca hpc tap, trach nhiem hpc tap va chu ddng qua trinh hoc tap, se dat hieu qua cao qua trinh tu hpc Vi vay, de ren luyen kT nang tuhoc cho SV, trude he't can boi dudng to chat tren cho hp Viee tu hoc phai la cdng viee tugiac nhan thirc dung vai trd quyet dinh cua nd den su tich luy kien thu'c cho ban than, cho su phat trien va tien bd cua minh Tu hoe ddi hdi phai co y chi, phai tranh thu thdi gian, khic phue thdi quen ludi bieng va phai dam bao cho qua trinh tu hpc duac lien tuc thi mdi dat den ket qua mong muon 2) Bao tao, boi duong kTnang giai quyet van de va kJnang hap tac Cupc sdng cua ngudi, suy den cung, la mdt chudi lien tuc giai quyet van de Cang giai quyet tot cac van de bao nhieu, chat lugng cupc song cua ngudi cang cd nhieu ca hdi dugc nang cao bay nhieu Khdng nen xem nha trudng nhu mot "d'c dao"; ma nen xem nha trudng chinh la cupc song Cac van de thirc tecupc song dugc phan anh vao nha trudng dudi mdt lang kinh du de cho ngudi hgc tiep can theo each phu hgp vdi lira tudl cua minh Giai quyet cac van de nhirng bai hgc d nha trudng su pham cung nen xem nhu giai quyet cac van de cua cugc song Nhd vay, SV tot nghiep khdibdngdkhibudcvaoddisd'ng thuc tephong phu; va gmdt gdc nao dd, hg trudng klioi phai mat cdng dao tao tiep tir thuc te cude song va edng viee M I U hinh GV can hudng tdi la miu hinh GV chuyen nghiep cd nang luc xiili tin cay va phu hgp trude nhirng tinh hud'ng khac vi Igi ieh cua ngudi hgc va dao diirc nghe nghiep Dong thdi, pham vi cu the, su hgp tac tao nen nhieu tuu quan trgng doi vdi mdi ea nhan KT nang hgp tac can dugc ren luyen m6i trudng/khoa su pham thdng qua tirng bai hgc, tung viee lam cu the Den lugt minh, chinh cac GV tuong lai lai day cho HSphd'thdngciJa minh each hgp tac hgc tap va cugc song Vdi y nghTa dd, theo chiing tdi, nhu'ng kT nang hgp tac ma cac trudng su pham can quan tam ren luyen, boi dudng cho ngudi GV tuang lai la: - Hap tic vdi dong nghiep:Vneh'\en a su giao tiep, hgp tac, thda hiep, giai quyet van de Decddugc nhirng kinh nghiem nay, ngudi SV cdn ngoi tren giang dudng cin trang bj cho minh kien thuc ve linh virc giao tiep, nSm dugc cac "kT thuat" phan hoi, biet cacli quan sat, trao ddi vdi dong nghiep qua trinh lam viee, dam bao hieu qua cdng viee cua minh; cd thai hgp tac, xay dung, than thien, ton trgng dong nghiep va cin biet chia se vdi ddng nghiep -Hap tac vdimoitn/dnglam viec:[rong qua trinh lao ddng su pham, G Vein biet each phdl hgp vdi piiu huynh IHS, cac casdma nha trudng ed quan he; dam bao cac hoat ddng chuyen mdn phai ket hgp vdi cac hoat dgng chuyen mdn khac ngoai trudng !\/lu6n vay, SV su pham phai trang bi cho minh kien thu'c nen tang ve van hoa, mdi trudng xa hdi; nim dugc cac nhu ciu vayeu elu cua thi trudng lao dpng, cac chinh sach giao due; xac dinh dugc thuc trang casdvatchat cua giao due phd' thdng de tii dd to' chiifc cac hoat ddng giao due dat hieu qua; cd thai than thien, hgp tac, xay dung ddi vdi cac casdvatd'chijfc ngoai trudng, ed kha nang thich ung, sang tao va linh hoat tien hanh cac hoat ddng giao diJC 3) Cac giaiphap bd'fra Chung tdi cho ring, chat lugng DTGV d trudng/khoa su pham chiu tac dgng cua nhieu yeu to, dd la: - Dpi ngu giang vien su pham cd trinh cao va cd be day kinh nghiem; - Chuong trinh va phugng thuc td' chuc dao tao; • Nguon luc tai chinh danh cho dao tao va nghien cuu khoa hgc;-Co sd vat chat dam bao phue vu hoat dgng dao tao nhu: thu vien, thiet bj day hgc, phdng thi nghiem, internet, he thong giang dudng, phdng hgc bg mdn, ; - Moi trudng lam viee cua giang vien; - Chat lugng nguon tuyen sinh Tap chi Gido due so 327 (ki 1-2/2014) Do vay, chiing tdi de xuat: se chiing kien nhifng ddi thay rd ret theo hudng tich a) Bo sung phan phong van tuyen sinh doi cue, nhim dap iing yeu elu ddi mdi can ban, toan vdi nganh si/pham:\/\ec tuyen sinh da va dang thuc dien giao due bdi canh hien • hien la cong cu dua mgtketquadanh gia kien thu'c cdthetin cay Tuy nhien, tuyen dugc ngudi hgc cung (1) Raja Roy Singh Nen giao diic cho the ki XXI chua the ndi la tuyen dugc ngudi yeu nghe day hgc Nhung trien vong cua vong cung Chau A - Thai Binh Trong liie dd, nghe day hgc lai eang ein phai yeu Duwng ViSn Khoa hoc gido due, H 1990 nghe hon eac nghe khac vi ddi tugng lao dgng eua (2) Vu Due Thu "Ban v4 ngudi can bp quan If nha trudng vai viSc xay dung dOi ngu "nha giao mSu nghe day hgc la eon ngudi Do vay, tuyen sinh su muc"" Tap chi Day va hoc nay, so 5/2006 pham can cd them vdng phdng van SV nhap hoc (3) Tran Ba Hoanh."D|nh hudng nghien cuu v4 dao dedua Idi khuyen thich hgp ve nghe day hgc tao, bfii duOng giao viSn giai doan 2007-2010" Tap b) Tiep tuc thi/c hien che dai ngo G V mgt each chi Gido due, so 162, thang 5/2007 thda (Jang'.-giai phap trude mat cho nganh GD-DT la phai dao tao ed kehoach; cin mptquy hoach tiiquan Tai li€u tham khao li vT md, nganh giao due ein bao nhieu thi dao tao NguySn VSn De "Nang cao nSng luc hoat d6ng bay nhieu Khi cd quy hoach chuan, SV trudng cd dao tao a cac trudng/khoa su pham vung D6ng b^ng viee lam thi chi it se lay dugc nhung HS kha gidi ghi sOng Ciiru Long" Tap chi Khoa hgc Gido diic, s6' 36, ten thi vao nganh su pham; neu ed dai ngd cao han thang 9/2008 chut ni/a thi se chgn tuyen dugc nhirng ngudi tai Tren NguySn Thi Thanh HuySn - NguySn Thi lVlin."Nang thuc te, miin hgc phi chi la mdt nhirng giai phap luc vi kl nang cin thie't ciia giao vien dap ling yeu ciu thuc tiSn giao due phd th6ng hien nay" Tap chi dethu hut ngudi kha gidi vao nganh su pham; giai Gido due, so' dac biet 9/2011 phap mang tinh can eg, ben virng nhat de thu hut ngudi tai vao nganh su pham vin la che dai ngd, SUMMARY chinh sach luang va mdi trudng lam viee cua GV sau This article aims to specify to the imperativeness trudng and to propose orientations to renovating teacher Yeu elu ddi mdi can ban, toan dien giao due training in institutions/department of education to dap ung yeu cau CNH, HOH dieu kien kinh te enhance the quality of teaching staffs responding to thi trudng dinh hudng xa hdi ehu nghTa va hgi nhap the requyremen is of radically and comprehensively innovating the current education and training qud'c te dat cho cac trudng/khoa supham cin thiet phai thay ddi each DTGV Qua trinh DTGV phai la qua trinh lien tuc, dd cac giai doan dao tao ^ (dao tao ban diu, tap su, dao tao tai eh uc, dao tao tiep KINH Mdi BAN DOC DAT MUA tuc, phat trien dpi ngu, tham gia cac nghien cuu khoa hpc ve giao due) nam mdi quan he gin bd, bd' TAP CHI GIAO DUC NAM 2014 sung cho Dong thdi, each boi dudng nang luc cho ngudi GV tuang lai phai theo chuan nghe nghiep Tap chl Giao due thang ki, dat mua da quy djnh, dac biet cin chu y den khuyen cao cua tiiuan tien tai cac bUu cue diaj)hUOng (IMa so UNESCO: Thay giao phai dirac dao tao detrdthanh CI92) hoac dat mua true tiep tai Tea soan nhung nha giao due nhieu han la nhifng chuyen gia (so lirgng Idn) theo dia chi: TAP CHI GIAO DUG, tniyen dai kien thuc; phai lam chu duac moi trudng Trinh Hoai Diic, quan Ddng Da, Ha Npi cong nghe thong tin-truyen thong mdivaphaichuan Kinh mdi ban dgc, cac don vj giao due, bivemattam lichomotsuthaydoicaban vevaitro trudng hoc dat mua Tap chi Giao due nam cJa/JO.Dieu quan trgng la mdi trudng/khoa supham 2014 Moi lien he xin giJi vg dja chl tren hoac phai biet tim nhirng giai phap phii hgp, thich ung; lien lac qua s6 dien thoai: 04.37345363; tan dung dugc nhung dieu cd Igi tir ben ngoai, phat Fax: 04.37345363 huy ngj luc de mang lai chat lugng va hieu qua cao Xin tran trgng cam On nhat hoat dgng DTGV Chung tdi tin ring, vdi 81/ nang dgng cua ddi ngu can bd quan li, y chi vugn TAP CHI GIAO DUC len manh mdcua dpi ngu giang vien; hoat ddng OTGV ^ r J/ (ki 1-2/2014) Tap chi Giao due so 327 ... cae kTnang (nang luc hanh dpng) Theo quan diem su pham tuang tac, ngudi hpc neu cd tdchat quan trong: dong ca hpc tap, trach nhiem hpc tap va chu ddng qua trinh hoc tap, se dat hieu qua cao qua... the ndi la tuyen dugc ngudi yeu nghe day hgc Nhung trien vong cua vong cung Chau A - Thai Binh Trong liie dd, nghe day hgc lai eang ein phai yeu Duwng ViSn Khoa hoc gido due, H 1990 nghe hon