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® GIAO DUC NUOC NGOAI GIAI PHAP GIAM TINH TRANG THAT NGHIEP CUA SINH VIEN SAU KHI RA TRUdNG 6 AN OO VA MOT SO RAI HOC KINH NGHIEM ThS HOANG THj MINH ANH NGUYIN HOANG GIANG Vten Khoa hoc Elio doc Ket N[.]
® GIAO DUC NUOC NGOAI GIAI PHAP GIAM TINH TRANG THAT NGHIEP CUA SINH VIEN SAU KHI RA TRUdNG AN OO VA MOT SO RAI HOC KINH NGHIEM ThS HOANG THj MINH ANH - NGUYIN HOANG GIANG Vten Khoa hoc Elio doc Ket Nam NGUYEN HOANG MY ANH Ktioa Qufic le - Bal hoc Quoc gia H^ Nfil I.Ddtvande An Dd cd dan sd dUng thd hai tren the gidi vdi 1,027 ti ngUdL An Dp ed hd thong giio dye dai hoe idn thU ba trdn the gidi vdi 13 trilu sinh vien (SV) Ngdn ngd chfnh Id tilng Hindi, tilng Anh li phucmg tien vd ngdn ngd ehinh d l truyen dat kiln thdc An 06 phii duong dau vdi dp ldc md rdng hd thdng giao due nhdng thip kl tdi v i cam kit md rdng co hdi tiep can dai hoc An 06 xae dmh giio due dai hpc Ii cdng cu chd ehdt eho phit triln kinh t l Bdng 1: Hi thdng gido due cda An Dp • H B F s U o due cm An Do Trong h^ thflng gl j o tii/c cua An B4 sau do^n 10-1-2 bao gflm 10 nSm olia dp Tllu vi phfl lh6ng cd sdt vi n i m cila b i c Ph6 th> Imng hoc ligldo d^ic b^cfial hoc He -mdNG oAo DUC I Ngay An Dp dupc thiia nhin li eii noi cda nguon nhin lUe cd kT ning, die biet linh vUc khoa hpc va cdng nghd Vdi mpt mang ludi cic trUdng dai hpc v i cao ding bao gdm cic hpc viln tieu chuIn quoc te cung cap chit lupng gido due tot vdi chi phi hpc tap v i sinh hoat thip An 06 dang ndi len l i mpt diem du hpe hap dan ddi vdi SV qudc t l Gido due dai hpc dr An D6 An 06 cd mang lUdi cic trddng dai hpc manh vdi 251 trudng dai hpe da dang v i cd be diy truyen thdng vdi cde ngdnh hpe Ki thudt v i Cdng nghe, Khoa hpe vi tinh, Cdng nghe thdng tin, Sinh hpe Hd thdng cic trudng hoe tai An Dd bao gdm 51 trUdng tuong duong dcii hpc, 161 trUdng dai hpc truyin thdng, 34 trudng dai hpc ndng nghidp (Ldm nghlep/ngd nghiep/thd y), 25 vien edng nghe vd kt thuit nhu Hpe vien Cdng nghi An Dd, Hpc vien Khoa hpe An D6, 18 trudng dai hoe y, 10 trUdng dai hpe md, 8600 trUdng cao ding chung ddo tao y khoa v i ki thuat Bing cSp eCia An 06 dupc qudc t l thda nhdn, hiln nay, ede edng ty hing ddu trdn toin eau dang tham gia ngiy edng nhilu vide thu xIp viee lam eho eic trudng dai hpc An Dd Chat lupng giio dye dUdc dim bio bdi cic cd quan qudc gia, vi du nhd Uy ban Chdng nhin Quoc gia (eho giio due kT thudt) va Uy ban Oanh gii vd Ctidng nhdn Qudc gia (eho giio due bde eao) va Hiep hpi Cie trudng dai hoc eda An Dp (vnvw.ai»(eb.org) Cde khoi hpe dai hpe thudng bdt dau vio thing v i thing hdng nam v i kit thdc vio thdng v i thing nam sau Cac khda hpe sau dai hpc thude cde nginh ngh| thuat v i khoa hpc thdi gian nam; Y khoa thdi gian nim vd edng nghe, kTthuat vong den ndm rUdi se 62 •KHOA Hpc G U O OUC duoc d p bang cao hpc Rieng nghien cdu sinh tdi thieu ti nim v i cd the len den nam theo tdng cd nhdn Bin canh dd, d c Id t h l gdm ehl phf hpe t i p rat rl, nln gido due vdi chat Idpng eao, thd tue nhap hpc va xin visa don giin, bang d p d An Dp dupc cic nUde tren t h l gidl cdng nhan chfnh la yeu td quan trpng thu hdt SV cic nUdc trin t h l gldi din hoe tap Mdi ndm An 06 ddn hon 10.000 SV qudc t l din td mpi miln trdn the gidi Bdng 2: So sdnh hi thdng gido dye gida AnDdvdViitNam Gidi phdp gidm tinh tr^ng that nghilp ciia sinh vien sau trtfdng d An 06 Hau hit ede trUdng dai hoc true thude eic tieu bang, Trong sd ed 24 trUdng dai hpe dat dudi sU kiem soit eda chinh phd trung dong dUoc eung cap ngdn sich tdt hon vi cd chit tupng cao hon nhdng trUdng khac, nhUng khdng ed khic bllt ro ring gida nhdng trudng ay An Dd cd tdng sd hon 18.000 CO sd dio tao sau trung hpe - hdn 17.000 sd niy la nhdng trUdng eao ddng Trong sd ndy ed m6t sd trudng da tan dung dieu luat cho phip cae trUdng eao ddng chit lupng cao dUpc tich khdi cdc trudng d?i hoc bdo trd va chd dpng cdp bdng Nhdng trUdng dio t^o trinh dd dai hoc chd ylu l i dao tao chuyen nginh, dupe Hpi ddng Tdl trd Dai hoc (mdttd chdc eda ehinh phd trung Udng cdng nhdn va dd cd quyen cap bing cii nhin) Them vio dd, mpt sd trddng ki thuit khac dupc Hdi ddng Ddo tao KT thudt todn An Dp, m6t td chdc khic cda chfnh phu trung Uemg cdng nhin va ddnh gia An Dd GIAO DUC NUOC NGOAI phat trien manh dao tao nhdm dap dng viee dai ehung hda va th6a man nhu du nhdn ldc x i hdi, nhdng loai trdcmg rndi nham phye vu mpt nen kinh te dang ngiy d n g md rpng Trach nhilm v l giio due dai hpe dupe phdn cdng cho nhilu td ehde eda nha nddc trung dong vd cda cic tieu bang (moi bang ed nhdng quan diem vd chinh sach khic nhau) Nhieu ndm qua, nhdng no lUe d i dch gido due dai hpe da md them cac trdcmg mdi nhu d e vien edng nghe Hiln cd 13 trudng v i Vi§n Khoa hpe Qudn li An Dp la nhdng trucmg nhat ed t h l Suae xem gan nhu Id nhdng trudng 'ding d p the gidi" Ben canh d c trddng dai hpc truyin thdng An Dp cdn cd mdt b6 phin nhd eae trUdng kl thuat tinh hoa, ed chat Idpng cao va cd uy tin rdng rii Cdc tnidng dai hpc truyen thdng van vi trf thap hon nhilu so vdi d e tieu chuan qudc te Nam 2013, tl le that nghiep eda SV tdt nghidp dai hpe d An Dp la 18%, eao hdn nhdng ngudi tot nghiep trung hpe, thdm chi trung hpe ed sd, sd SV tdt nghiep that nghiep tang eao, cd ngudi dp tudi tcri 29 thl cd ngudi thit nghiep Sd dl ed sU khac biet niy ehinh la su thieu hut kT ndng eua da sd SV An Do Khi SV tdt nghiep klu thilu viee lam thi d e cdng ty d An Dd lai klu thilu ngudn nhdn luc cd kT ndng tdt Cdc chuyen gia phin tfeh rSng, nguyen nhan ta chat lucmg dao tao vd SV thilu ve kT ning mem khiln cho cac trudng dai hpe vd cao ddng d An Dd moi nam cho "ra td' hing trieu SV ehi ed bdng d p ma chdng ncri nao mudn nhan Nhdng kl nang mim niy hoan toin ed t h l day dupe nhi trudng nhu Giao tilp troi chiy bSng tilng Anh, tam vile nhdm, thuyet trinh, sd dung cae cdng cy tim kiem tiren mang, phan tieh van dl thay vi hpe thude Idng bii giing Tuy nhien, chi ed khodng vdi ngliin SV dang theo hoc d nhdng trddng 'ding d p ' nhU Hpc vien Quin li An Dp hoac Hpc viln Cdng nghe An 06 mdi dUdc trang bj nhdng kl ndng ndy Gan 11 trilu SV thupe 18.000 trUcmg dai hoc v i cao dcing khac eda An Dd thl dlu phii tiep thu mot nen giao due kdm hdn, nang v l II thuylt v i ylu ve kT nang ® viJe hudng nghiep v i tu van tim viec lim Muc tidu d l xde djnh djnh hudng nghe nghiep eda SV cdc trddmg dai hoc de bilt nhdn thdc cda SV v l d c kT ndng hp dang cd, di tim hilu phuong phdp hddng din va tUvan, dap dng nhu d u cda SV, eung nhdtim hilu d m nhin cda SV v l ehUdng trinh, de xuit cde biln phip di tang cudng eic djch vy hudng nghiep eae trddng eao ding, dai hpc An 06 md cda hdp tic ddo tao vdi cde tnidng dai hpc nudc ngoii, md cdd giao dye dai hoc md cda thi tnidng giio due dai hoc cho d e trUdng dai hpe nUdc ngodi vd day manh dlu tu tu nhin giio dye dai hpe tai An Dp Su tham gia cua nddc ngodi se trp giup Xn dd nhanh chdng eii thidn su lac hdu glao due dai hpc ddp dng dao tao ddi ngd tri thdc cd chat lUOng toan eau hda, nhim nang cao co hpi tim vile lam eho SV sau trudng nude eung nhu tai nUdc ngoai D l giim sit tieu chuan d c trudng dai hpc lien kit v i d c trudng dai hoc cd vdn dau td nudc ngodi, hieu qua d e trudng dai hpe ndy ddpe cac td chdc kilm djnh ehdt lupng eda An Dp giim sit va ddnh gia Mdt so bai hpc kinh nhilm Viec md eda thi tnJdng giio due dai hpc cho cic tnidng dai hpe nUdc ngoii vd day manh dau td tu nhin giio due dai hpc nhdm muc dich de nUde ngoii se trp giup An Dp nhanh chdng cdi thiln su l?c hdu gido due dai hpc thl ben canh mat tieh eUc eda nd lai ed mat tieu eUe vd ylu kem Nguyen nhdn l i cie nha eung d p djch vu giio due nude ngoii ehl mudn thu Ipi nhudn nhanh chdng bing dch md d c nganh ddo tao tiiu hdt ddpe nhieu ngd^ hpc v i khdng qud tdn kem Cd rat nhieu nhdng chuong trinh lien kit hop tic vdi nude ngoai eic nganh Cdng nghi thdng tin, Quin tri kinh doanh vd nhdng nginh lien quan Phan Idn d c nhd cung d p djch vu giio dye nUde ngoii niy khong phii la d c trudng dinh mi la cic trudng d hang trung, hang thap d nude hp Mpt sd trudng gap khd khin v l tai ehinh hode v l vile tuyen sinh v i mudn gidi quyet nhdng van d l bang dch md ehi nhinh dio tao d nude ngoii Mdt sd khac i i nhdng midng'dudi day", nhdng trUdng se mang den thd sin phim giio due dudi chuan cho An 06 De giii quylt tinh trang that nghilp, nhi nudc v i cac chuyin gia gido dye An Dp d i vd dang dUa rat nhilu gidi phip, dudi diy la mpt sd edng bd cae giai phap: Cae nhd eung d p djch vy giio due nude ngoai vi II Chai la Ram Phani, giao sU mdn Giao tiep kinh doanh chd an d v i thuylt phue giing vien co tilng eda nudc ngodi thude Trudng Kinh doanh Sujana (An D6) edng bd danh sang An 06 giing day rat tdn kem v i khd khan nen thudng sdeh 60 ki nang mem: Cich giao tilp hilu qud thdm chf kit thue van de bang each thue mUdn giing vien tai ch6 nhu^g kl nang d n thilt cho cdng viec nhU sdp xep giay td, de day Ooi vdi ngddi An, hoe mdt trUdng gan gidng tri Idi dien thoai eho tdi thuylt trinh, lam viee nhdm tioic trudng nude ngoai vdi nhdng giing vien dja phuong cd t h l thio tudn, tilng Anh „ xem Id dd, SV se kit thuc viec hpc vdi tam bing nudc ngoii Cde tnidng dai hpe lap cdc trung tam dao tao kl nhung khdng cd nhilu trdi nghidm qudc t l Dilu quan ning mem vd tU van tim vide eho SV trudc tdt nghiep trpng la nlu mdt trudng nude ngoii klidng kilm ddpe Ipl Nhdng trung tdm ed sU ddng gdp rat Idn eda trudng sd ntiuin mdt each nhanh chdng, hp se rut tul rat nhanh hoac tai, cda cde td ehUe phi chinh phu, cda hdi SV vd eic nhi t i i se gidm chi phf bSng each thap ehdt lupng tro l i nhdng cong ty tuyln dung, nhdm dao tao nang eao Cac Cd quan kiem djnh chat Idpng eda An Do thue de kT ning eho SV tnide trddng theo yeu d u hode hien chdc nang cda ho khdng hidu qud vi phii gidm sat v i ddt hing cda d e nhi tuyen dung danh gid v6 sd nhdng chuong trinh hpp tic liln kit dio tao Cic CO sd gido due danh eho SV sip tdt nghiep v i vdi nude ngoai ed le Ii mdt nhiem vu vUpt qua ndng ldc cda da tdt nghiep, gido due thudng xuyen, dupc thinh lip de he thdng kiem dinh ndy Bd trddng SIbal d i ndi rdt dung rang An Dd khdng the phue vu cho nhu d u ndng cao kiln thUc v i md rdng eo hoi tim vide lam Sd Hudng nghiep va TU van (UGC) dang mai mat ddng ch^t d n h eda thi trUdng dio tao An 06, ndi cung cdp hd trd tdi ehinh cho bp phin ndy d l td chUe day cho eJJng, cing trd mdt phan trpng yeu eda t h l nghe, nghidn cdu cae ho?t ddng cong ddng, hudng nghiep gidi toin eau hda Tuy vay, md eda mpt each nhanh chdng vi tu van UGC d i td chdc d c chddng trinh dao tao eho SV v i chua ed ehe tai quin If chit ehe se l i mdt sai lam cao hpc nghien cdu, xuat bin cdc cudn sich v i bai vilt Oe td chijc cdc trai hudng nghiep, dUa tren nhu d u v i ldi ieh TAILI£UTHAMKHAO cda SV, mdt vai nghiln cUu da dUdc tiln hanh de hllu rd [1 ] K Sudha Rani, Khoa Gido due thudng xuyin vd gido nhu cau cua SV cie trudng cao ddng v i dai hpc ITnh duccho bde trUdng thdnh, TrUdng Dai hpc Sri Venkateswara, stflZ7-TKJUKV2eii.63 ® GIAO DUC NUOC NGOAl Tirupatl, Andhra Pradesh, An , 502 [2] T Ananda, Khoa Klnh ti, including TrUdng D?i hpc Sri Venkateswara, Tirupatl, Andhra Pradesh, A n D d , 517 502 [3] M Krishnaveni, Khoa Lich sd, Dai hpc Sri Venkateswara, TIrupati, Andhra Pradesh, A n D d , 517 502 and technology has been recognized resources, particularly as the cradle of international was emerged international education students unemployment Keywords: institutes, provi learning, destination discussed about suggested after Solutions; study solutions graduation for higher to reduce and withdrew India: lessons- issues unemployment; learnt lllllllllillllltllltltlllllll k i l n t h d c p h d t h d n g t d c chuyen t d nam sang 10 n a m Chi can n a m c d n lai d bac THPT d e t i p t r u n g v i o mue dfch p h d n hda sau t r o n g hpe tap Vi?e thay d o i t d he nam sang he 10 nam c d t h l l i t h e o phdn b d (6-I-4) hode (5+5) ehSe chdn se tao nen n h d n g k h d khan, d i e b i l t Id v i l e e h u I n bi dpi ngu giao vidn, xay d u n g CO sd vdt c h i t , xdy d u n g chUdng trinh sdeh gido khoa, e i c e h l d , chfnh sich hoac cd the la n h d n g bdn khoan, p h i n d n g cda HS, p h u huynh Tuy nhien, n h d n g k h d khan t r e n cd the khac phue dupc vi da c6 kinh n g h i l m t r o n g ede tan d i l u chinh GD, t h i m nda n l u eo d d t h d i gian d l chd d d n g chuan bi c h o su thay d d i d d Sau THCS cd p l i i n tudng h p p li (theo hpc n g h i hoac hpe t i e p len THPT) N l u giai doan G D c d bdn t i 10 n a m t h i sau hpe xong HS se t r d n 16 t u d i , ed t h e t h a m gia hpe n g h i t d 1-2 nam h o i c t h a m gia vao thj t r u d n g tao d d n g hay t i e p t y c hpc THPT D d t u d i 16 phit h p p h o n so v d i d d t u d i 15 t r o n g p h i n l u d n g sau GD ed b d n Co t h e cd ioai hinh t r u d n g THPT: Trudng THPT, t r u d n g THPT e h u y d n / nang khieu v i t r d d n g THPT n g h i Loai hinh trUdng t r u n g hoc nghe can dUpc p h i t t r i l n ddn v l sd luong e h l l m ti Id eao t r o n g cdc loai trUdng THPT T A I L I E U T H A M KHAO Bd G i i o due va Dao tao, (1995), Ndm mual ndm phdt SI/nghlip Gido dgc va Ddo tgo (1945- 1995), NXB G i i o Bd Gido d y e v i O i o tao, KI yeu "Cacdu hi thdng ducphSthdng Viet Nam", H i Npi, t h i n g nam 2012 gido Pham M i n h Hac (2010), Mpt so vdn de gido due Viit nam ddu the kl XXi, NXB Giao due Vidt Nam Vu Ngpc Hdi, (2013) Qudn ii nhd nudc he thdng gido tiiiiiiiiii The article system in India, VE CO CAU KHUNG CUA HE THONG GIAO OUC triin dye standards with low cost of living and as an attractive lessons-learnt in higher education in the field of science With a network of universities and colleges IIIIIIIMIItlllllllllllllllllllllllltlllUllllllllll India students' SUMMARY Today, India skilled human the good quality education (Tiep theo trang 3) dpe Viit Nam doi mdi edn bdn, todn diin vd hpi Tran Thj PhUdng Hoa, (2012), Gido due Phdp * Viet d BdcKi 1884-1945, NXB Khoa hoc Xd hpi Phan Van Kha, (2010), Doi mdi hi thPnggido duequoc ddn Viet Nam, Bao cao t d n g ket d e t i i ma so B2008-3769NV BiJi Ode Thiep, (2011), He thdng gido due Mien Nam Vlit Nam giai doan 1954-1975, Bdo edo t d n g k i t d e tai B2009-37-74 http://data.uis.unesco.org/index.aspx?queryid=219 htttp://Inea.org.uk 10 h t t p y / w w w n i e r g o j p SUMMARY The general educational system is a sub-system of the national education system The training process operated in the general educational system DPT includes different stages, each level is a stage targeted and specific training plan in order to achieve certain level of scientific culture, skills, qualities as well as professional knowledge to students Each stage functions to prepare students for life and product for the next stage The paper addresses the issue of frame structure in general educational system in Vietnam In the article, the author presents-1 /briefiy introducing of general educational system; /Criteria for an appropriate education system in trend of times and operate effectively; 3/Trend to develop general educational system in the world; 4/The situation of developing and improving the general educational system in Vietnam; 5/Recommend its frame structure in the future Keywords: Education; frame structure; educational system; general educational system; national education iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiititiiii [iiititiiiitiiiit LOl CAM ON f' nhdp qudc te, NXB Giao due Viet Nam ^ Tat ea d c bai viet d i n g t r e n Tap chf Khoa h p c Giao d i i c Sd 127 d e u d U o c p h i n b i e n kfn t h e o m p t q u y t r i n h rat c h a t ehe, khdeh q u a n B i n c a n h s u g i d p d d cda Hdi d d n g Bien t d p T a p chf Khoa h o c Giao d u e x i n t r i n t r p n g e d m a n c i c n h a khoa h p c , c i c c h u y i n gia t h u d e n h i l u ITnh vUc n g h i e n c d u k h o a h o c c d a V i e n Khoa h o c Gido d u e Viet N a m , b a o g d m : PGS.T5 Nguyen Quang; Thio; TS Luang TS Nguyin Tien Hung; PGS.TS, Ddo Thdi Lai; PGS.TS Phan Vdn Nhan; PGS.TS Nguyen Viet Thii; PGS.TS, VUdng Thanh HSng Thuin; TS Nguyin HUdng; TS.VUcmg Hing Tdm; TS Nguyen m d t n p i d u n g d e T a p chf Khoa h p e Giao d u e x u a t ban t h i n h c d n g sd b a o TrantrongI 64*KH0AHgcGiAooyc Thi Due PhUdng Thi H6ng Vin; TS Pham Thj Bich Dao da rat n h i e t tinh g i u p d d v l ... including TrUdng D?i hpc Sri Venkateswara, Tirupatl, Andhra Pradesh, A n D d , 517 502 [3] M Krishnaveni, Khoa Lich sd, Dai hpc Sri Venkateswara, TIrupati, Andhra Pradesh, A n D d , 517 502 and technology... rSng, nguyen nhan ta chat lucmg dao tao vd SV thilu ve kT ning mem khiln cho cac trudng dai hpe vd cao ddng d An Dd moi nam cho "ra td'' hing trieu SV ehi ed bdng d p ma chdng ncri nao mudn nhan... and operate effectively; 3/Trend to develop general educational system in the world; 4/The situation of developing and improving the general educational system in Vietnam; 5/Recommend its frame