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DIEN DAN GIAO DUC ''''ffd/ P H A T TRIEN^Sy NGHIEP GIAO DUC DAO TAO 6 MEN TRUNG TAY NGUYEN TRONG GIAI DOAN HIEN NAY ThS VU DINH ANH* Trong bfl''''i canh day manh cflng ngMep hda, Mfln dai hda va hfli nhdp q[.]
DIEN DAN GIAO DUC 'ffd/ TRIEN^Sy NGHIEP GIAO DUC DAO TAO MEN TRUNG - TAY NGUYEN TRONG GIAI DOAN HIEN NAY PHAT ThS VU DINH ANH* T rong bfl'i canh day manh cflng ngMep hda, Mfln dai hda va hfli nhdp quo'c tiMfln nay, giao due - dao tao giii vM trb quan trpng ed tinh quyfl't dinh dfl'i vdi su phat trig'n dd't nudc Tuy nhifln, hifln nay, duluan xd hpi nude ta danh gia giao due - dao tao chua dap ung duge yflu clu phdt trien Vdy, thuc trang nin giao due - dao tao b miln Trung - Tdy Nguygn nhu thi nao, dd dap iing duge ygu cau phat trig'n nguon nhdn luc eho khu vuc hay ehua, phai lam ^ dg' phat trig'n su ngMflp giao due bfl'i canh Mfln 1.Thuc trangnen giao d u e - dao tao d mien Trui^ - Tay Nguyen thdfi gian qua Theo each phdn cMa ea nude thdnh vung kinh t l - xd hfli Men nay, khu vuc miln Trung - Tay Nguyfln g6m tinh Bdc Trung bfl, tinh duyfln hai mien Trung va tmh Tdy Nguyen cd dien tich tu nMfln 145.490 km^, cMfl'm 44,3% difln tich tu nMfln ca nudc Theo Ting diiu tra ddn sd vd nhd d Viit Nam ndm 2009, ddn so'cua khu vuc la 23.950.289 ngum, cMlm 27,9% ddn so ca nude * Mflt si kit qua ve giao due - dao tao d khu vuc mien Trung - Tdy Nguygn Nen giao due - dao tao cua khu vue mien Trung * Hoc vien Chfnh tri khu vuc III Tdy Nguyen thm gian qua da dat dugc nhiing kgt qua quan trgng ve mo rong quy mfl, da dang hda ede Mnhtiiucgiao due va tang cubng co so vat chd't eho nha trirong Trinh dan tri dupe nang lfln, chd't lugng giao due o mflt si nganh, linh vue cd chat lugng to't, tung budc dap ung yflu clu phat trien kinh te - xa hpi, euthg'nhusau: Thii nhdt, ddxdy dung hi thd'ng gido due - ddo tao tucmg ddi hodn chinh, quy md tdng nhanh, dgt kit qu su nghiep ndng cao ddn tri Ve giao due pho' thflng, mang ludi trubng Idp cac bdc hpc mim non va trubng phfl'thflng duge phat trien rflng khdp khu vuc Dfl'n nay, td't ea cae xd deu da cd trubng mam non, trubngtifl'uhpc va trubng trung hpc CO so; 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giao mon, 1^ thu^t tuong quan vcri ca nud'c vien ngum Kinh phan ldn khflng bie't tifl'ng ddn toe va Ban vi tinh: % thiflu su Me'u bifl't vl tap quan, vdn hda ciia ding bao Noi To'ng So Trung Cao Dai hoc da anh huong khflng nho dg'n chat lupng giao due Mat so cap c^'p dang tro len khac, tdp qudn, truyen tho'ng hgc tap ompt so dan tpc, cutrii 1,8 5,0 viing mifl'n ebn chua eao, cflng vdi dieu kien kinh pM Toan quo'c 14,9 3,0 5,1 1,9 4,2 khd khan ngn tilfl tre em khflng dugc theo hgc lign tuc, Mien Trung 13,8 2,5 5,3 Tay Nguy§n 11,0 2,2 4,1 3,2 1,5 bo hgc cbn cao Nhd't la bfl'i canh hfli nhap qufl'e te sdu rflng Ngu6n:TdngdieutraddnsovdnhddVi^Namndm2009 va phat trien kinh t l thi trubng lam sinh nguy co thu" vdi rd't nhie'u khoan thu sM quy dinh phai nhat ban sdc van hda cua dan tfle; o lop tre, lfl'i Nhihig yflu cau phat trien giao due - dao so'ng lai cang, thifl'u lanh manh gia tang tao a mien Trung - l a y Nguyen tho'i gian Ba Id, CO cdu ddi ngu lao ddng qua ddo tgo bdt haply Trong giai doan Men nay, nguIn nhdn lue duge coi Theo thfl'ng kfl o Bang 2, tfl'ng sfl'lao dflng eua vung la yfl'u to quan trpng hang da'u, ed ti'nh quyfl't dinh cd trinh dp so cap va trung cap ehi cao hon sled trinh su phat trifl'n cua dd't nude Dang va Nha nudc dfl cao dang va dai hgc tro lfln khflng nMe'u, dieu dd la ta cung khang dinh phat trig'n nhanh nguon nhan lue rat ba't hpp ly Nen tinh trang thira thay, tMfl'u thg la Id mgt ba khau dot pha eua cMfl'n luge ehuyen duong nhien Hay nhu co ca'u theo nganh nghi cung doi mfl hinh phat trig'n kinh tfl'- xd hgi eua dd't nudc, la rat bat hgp ly, kM ti Ifl dao tao khfl'i nganh nong, nen tang phat trien ben viing va tdng lm the canh lam, thuy san chi cMe'm hon 5% ti le tuyg'n sinh it tranh qufl'e gia sinh vifln theo hpe thi ty le lao dflng lam viec Ma mufl'n phat trifln ngufl'n nhdn luc, nhat la ngufl'n linh vue nong, ldm, thuy san o mig'n Trung la 60,9%, nhdn luc chat lugng eao tM khflng thg' khflng dua tren Tay Nguyfln lfln tdi 74,1% (Bang 3) Nfln, "tiieo slliflu CO so mpt nen giao due - dao tao phat trifl'n Boi, giao thfl'ng kfl eua Bfl Lao dpng • Thuong binh va Xa hpi tM due - dao tao gdp phin quan trgng tao nfln nhung ty Ifl sinh vifln trubng lam viee trai ngdnh, trai ngum cd dao due, cd tri thiie, cd ky ndng lao dflng, cd nghi cMe'm khoang 40%"^ siie khoe phue vu cho su phat trie'n Bdn Id, cdn nhiiu han chi, tiiu cue cdng tdc Trong giai doan da'y manh cong nghiep hda Men qudn ly gido due • ddo tgo dai hda da't nudc va hfli nhdp quo'c tingay cang sdu Cflng tac quan ly nganh giao due van edn mpt rgng Men nay, giao due - dao tao omifl'n Trung - Tdy sfl han chfl',tiflucue nhu viflc mua sdm trang tMfl't bi, Nguygn phai dap lingmpt so yeu can: xdy dung, sua chua ebn bi thd't thoat, co so vat chat - Phai chu y nang cao chat lugng giao due - dao tao mau xufl'ng cd'p, hu hong; ehi hfl trp hpe sinh o mpt so' nham dao tao dupc nguIn nhdn luc dap iing yflu cau tnrong ddn toe ngi tni cbn chua dung dfl'i tugng NMeu phat trig'n eua dd't nude trubng nMfl'u cap khu vuc cd hifln tugng "loan idt trifl'n nhuvii bao Mfln nay, su BangS: Ty lao dong co viflc Idm theo khu vuc kinh te Bon vi tinh: % Noi cutrii ToanQu6'c Miln Trung TayNguyen Tongse' 100,0 100,0 100,0 Nong, lam, thuy san 53,9 60,9 74,1 C6ng nghiSp va xSy dung 20,3 16,2 7,6 Dichvu 25,8 22,9 18,3 Nguon: TSng diiu tra ddn sovd nhd a Viit Nam ndm 2009 HS dao tao mat nam: Giai phdp cho nhOng ngudi lam viec trai ngdnh http://molisa gov 91 DIEN D A N G U O DUC ehuye'n dich co cd'u kinh tfl' cang nhanh, su ma^ di quy dinh cua nha nudc Nhieu gia i^nh ehua thdt su cua nMeu r^anh nghe eii va su xua't Mfln cua nhimg tao die'u kifln eho eai di hpc hanh dly du, nhat la o nganh, nghe mdi, dbi hoi nganh giao due - dao tao vung cao, viing sau, vung xa chua y thiic dupe y phai cd su phat trifl'n tuong iing de dap iing nhu clu cua ngMa ldn lao cua giao due Vi vdy, eac cap, cac nganh, xa hfli, cua cua doanh ngMflp, eua ngubi lao dflng dac biet la nganh giao due - dao tao o cac dia phuong - Su hpi nhap vdi the gidi cang sdu rflng, nfln can ed nhiing hinh thue phii hgp, Mflu qua dl tuygn giao due - dao tao phai hba nhap vdi xu the phat triln truyin, phfl' bien vd vdn dgng dg' mgi tre em giao due - dao tao cua khu vuc va the' gidi dfl dao tao tuoi deu duge di hpe Hai Id, tich cue vd chd ddng chudn bi tdt cdc diiu dupe nguIn nhan luc cd kha nang tham gia vao qua trinh van hanh eua cae chufli gia tri toan cdu, da qufle ki^n dedii mdi cdn bdn vd todn di^ngido due - ddo tgo gia, nhd't la ddn si cua nudc ta dflng, xua't kha'u lao Do'i mdi cdn ban, toan dien ne'n giao due - dao tao dflng cang phi bifl'n Id m6t ygu eau hue thifl't Mfln eua Viflt Nam Boi thM gian vira qua, nganh giao due - dao tao dd - khu vuc mien Trung, can dau tunang eao chd't lugng giao due - dao tao, trinh dp nhdn lue dap iing nhieu lan dfl'i mdi song vdn chua that su dat kflt qua yflu cau phat trien cdn bdng hon giua cac vung miln, nhu mong mufl'n Cac van dfl' Idn, co't loi eua giao due giua cae trung tdm, dfl tM ven bien va viing cao, viing vdn ehua dugc giai quyfl't ma mdi chu yflu la sM ddu sua day, phat dpng theo phong trao, bflc 16 ro tinh sau, viing xa Hien nay, chiing ta dang phai dfl'i mat vdi tinh chap va, tMfl'u dfl'ng bfl Vl vdy, hien Dang va Nha nude dang quyg't trang suy giam tai nguyfln va cae nguon dau tu tm cMnh it din Vi vdy, giao due - dao tao phai tao tdm dfl'i mdi can ban va toan dien de tao nen dien mao dugc nguIn nhdn luc cd khd ndng iing dung khoa hpe mgt nen giao due mdi phu hgp vdi thm dai, dd la "dii va cong nghfl de gia tang gia tri, sue canh tranh cua mdi nhung van de Idn, cfl't loi, cd'p tMfl't, tir quan difl'm, san phd'm hang hda, phai tang ndng sua't lao dflng, tutuong cM dao dfl'n muetigu,ngi dung, phuong phap, CO chfl', ehinh sach, dilu kifln bao dam thue Men " tifl't kiem su dung cac nguIn luc Giai phap phat trien giao diic - dao tao d Tap trung ndng cao cha't lugng giao due toan difln nang luc va phd'm chat ngubi hgc, coi trpng giao due mien Trung - Tay Nguyen hifln Dfl' phat trig'n giao due - dao tao bfl'i canh hifln dao diie, lfl'i sfl'ng, nang lue sang tao, ky nang thuc nay, chiing ta can thuc Men dong bfl eae giai phap sau: hanh, xdy dung xa hfli hpe tap, tao cohpi va dieu kifln Mdt Id, tiip tue ndng cao nhdn thuc cua todn xd hgicho moi eong ddn 'dugc hpe tdp sufl't dm Cae dia vi vai trd cdagido due - ddo tgo ddi vdi suphat triin phuong khu vue cin tich cue, chu dflng ehud'n bi Chiing ta phai xac dinh ro rdng, diu tu cho giao tfl't cae dilu kifln dfl' qua trinh dfl'i mdi can ban va toan due - dao tao la dau tungan nha't vatifl'tkiflm nhd't de dien giao due - dao tao dat kg't qua eao nhd't tiiue Men cflng ngMgp hda, hifln dai hda dat nudc Ba Id, tiip tuc ndng cao ddn tri, trinh dg ngudi lao qua trinh hgi nhap qufl'e tfl' Nhu Nghi quye't Trung dgng; diiu chinh cocdu ddo tgo hgp ly;gidm such&nh uong (khda XI) da nhd'n manh: "Giao due - dao tao la lich d vung thuqn hi vd vdng kho khdn quo'c sach hang diu, la su nghiflp cua Dang, Nha nude Ndi ehung, trinh dfl ddn tri, ngum lao dflng va cua toan ddn Diu tueho giao due la dau tuphat khu vuc vdn cbn thd'p (Bang va Bang 2), co cau dao trien, dugc uu tifln di trudc cae chuong trinh, kg' tao khong theo nhu elu xd hgi Vi vdy, eong nhdn cd hoaeh phat trien kinh tl-xa bfli" Bdi giao due - ddo tay nghfl', thp ky thuat da qua dao tao cae cflng tao la eo so, nen tang de dao tao nguon nhdn lire cd ty, doanh ngMep cbn tMfl'u trim trgng, ma sfl ngum chd't lugng cao, la tien de quan trpng eho su phat trifl'n tfl't ngMep cao ddng, dai hpe thd't ngMflp nhieu Trong cua td't ea cac linh vuc nhu chinh tri, kinh te, van hda, bfl'i canh hfli nhap qufl'e te Men nay, nhd't Id cufl'i ndm anninh,qufl'ephbng 2015 chiing ta gia nhdp cpng dong ASEAN, ehuan bi Tuy nhign, thuc t l khflng phai toan xd hpi da gia nhdp Higp dinh TPP, neu khflng ehud'n bi nguon that su hifl'u than dao Nhieu dia phuong khu nhdn luc tfl't so vdi eae nude, chiing ta rat dl bi tut hau Vdy nfln, eac co quan chiic ndng can ed nMeu bien vuc cd miic dau tueho giao due - dao tao tha'p hon mue 92 D I I I N D A N GIAO DUC phap de phat trien giao due, ndng cao trinh dp, tay nghe hudng, tir nam 2018 tro di, cd'p trung hpe thflng chu cho hoc sinh, smh vifln, dfl'hp cd the dam duong tfl't cdc vi yen la dinh hudng nghi ngMflp Vay eac sogiao due - dao tri viec lam phue vu suphat trien cua ddt nude Va ciing tao can cd su ehuan bi phii hpp eho dpi ngu giao vien can giam su chenh lech ve dieu kifln day va hgc, ve cha't Men tai cd the dam nMem dugc nhiflm vu lugng vung thudn lgi va vung khd khan Vi su phan Ndm Id, md rdng hgp tdc, liin kit cd vd ngod hda ldn xa hfli se la mim mflng gdy bd't bmh ddng nudc de phdt triin gido dqc-ddo tgo xa hpi, khd eo kit cflng dong Trong giM doan Men nay, chung ta khong the khflng Bdn Id xdy dung vdphdt trien doi ngu nhd gido, cdn dd'y manh hfli nhdp vdi giao due - dao tao khu bd quanly gido due-dgo tgo ddp lingyiucduhi^nnay vuc ciing nhu trfln the gidi Chiing ta cin van dung Phai cd nguon nhan luc dap iing yflu eau dfl'i mdi nhiing kinh ngMem giao due - dao tao eua nMeu nude tM quyfl't tdm dfl'i mdi can ban, toan dien giao due - tigntifl'ntrfln thigidi detifl'tkiem thm gian, cflng site, dao tao cua Dang va Nha nudc mdi cd the eflng tiln cua, nit ngdn khoang each phat triln giua nude Vi vdy, vd'n dl dao tao, bo'i dudng dgi ngii can bg quan ta va cac nude trfln thi gidi Tuy nhign, vieetie'pnhdn ly, dfli ngu giao vifln, giang vien dap ung yeu can la hg't nhiing mo Mnh giao due - dao tao eua nudc ngodi phai sue quan trpng duoe xem xet than trpng de phu hop vdi trinh dp phat Ngum giao vien Mfln khong th^chi eo ly thuye't, trifl'n kinh t l - xd hfli, dam bao tinh kha tM Md rong ma can phai ^a tang nang luc thuc hanh de ddo tao hgc Hfln kg't dao tao vdi nhiing eo sd dao tao nude ngoai cd sinh, sinh vifln dap iing yflu cau viee lam cua xd hpi Hay uy tm, chli yg'u dao tao dai hoe va ddo tao nghfl' nhu vifle doi mdi chuong trinh phfl' thflng, theo dinh ngMflp; ding thm quan ly chat ehe chat lugng VAN DUNG NHtNG QUAN DI^M CUA HO CHI MINH V^ DE BAT Tiep theo trang 28 dai! nutJc"; Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Dang khda XI khm, mmh bach; tiing budc da khde phue tinh trang nfl' Nghi quyet so 12 - NQ/TW, 16 - 01 - 2012, ve "Mdtnang, ne tranh, tMfl'u khaeh quan kM xem xet, cat nhac si vdn decdp bdch vi xdy dung Bdng hien nay"va Bp can bp Tuy nMen, viec ed^ nhdc can bg van cbn ton CMnh tri khda XI Kfl't Man sl24 - KI/TW, 05 - tai nhung han chl nhlt dinh, nhu vifle bfl' tri, su dung - 2012, ve' "Tiip tuc ddy mgnh cdng tdc quy hoaeh vd can bp CO noi chua thuc Men theo diing quy hoaeh can ludn chuyen cdn bd lanh dao, qudn ly din ndm 2020 vdbfl; mflt si noi bo nMflm can bp ehua diing ngum, dung vigc, ebn bifl'u Men cue bp, ndng vl thii tu; cbn mang nhSng ndm Hep theo" Bdnh gid ve mgt thudn lgi: Trong thM gian qua nang ehu nghia ca nhdn, de hep hbi, CMnh vi vdy, qua trtnh thuc Mgn eae ehu Dang va Nha nudc ta dd ban hanh nMeu ehu tnrong, nghi quye't, giai phap ldn ve eflng tae can bfl; npi dung, truong, ngM quyg't, cM thi, quy dinh eua Dang va Nha phuong phap, each lam cd dfl'i mdi,tiflnbp tren tinh nude ve' cong tac can bp can dd'y manh hgc tap, van than dan ehu, eflng khai Dde biet Dang va Nha nude dung sang tao tutudng Ho Chi Minh ve eong tac can ta chli de'n viee trie'n khai dly dii, Meu qua cac bp cac cap, cac nganh lam thfl nao dedanh gia, lua chon, cat nhdc diing can bo, diing vi tri mang lai Meu khdu cflng tae can bp Tuy nMgn, qua trtnh trig'n khai, thuc Men qua cao eho cong viec Tdm lai, cat nhdc can bp la cong viflc thubng xuygn khong tranh khoi nhung han chg', yfl'u kem nhuvifle tirien khM eac chu truong, ngM quyfl't, giai phdp cd nM, va hfln tue cua cflng tae can bp, cat nhac can bfl phai ed ehfl chua dfl'ng deu; doi liic ebn cham va liing tiing; that su diing va eong tam cd nhuvay can bp duge cat cbn coi nhe cflng tac can bp; ehua tao dflng lire de thu nhac ehdng nhiing phue vu cflng hign tot eho Dang ma dfl'ng thm eae the he tiflp theo la nhung nguM cd tai hiit, khuyg'n kM'ch, phat huy nang luc can bp, Theo dd, vigc sudung, cat nhac can bp eiing da dat ndng that su Cbn ngugc lai se lam hai cho Dang, eho dugc nhung uu die'm nhat dinh: cdc ca'p uy, to ehue dang nhdn dan Dilu dd cang ed y nghia bon Dang ta thuc Mgn tuong do'i ngMgm tiic cdc chu truong, cM tM, dangtifl'nhanh dai hfli cac cap,tie'ntdi Dai hfli Dai quy dinh eua Dang va Nha nudc ta theo hudng cong bie'u toan qufl'e lan thii XII eua Dang 93 ... cang, thifl''u lanh manh gia tang tao a mien Trung - l a y Nguyen tho''i gian Ba Id, CO cdu ddi ngu lao ddng qua ddo tgo bdt haply Trong giai doan Men nay, nguIn nhdn lue duge coi Theo thfl''ng kfl... cdng tdc Trong giai doan da''y manh cong nghiep hda Men qudn ly gido due • ddo tgo dai hda da''t nudc va hfli nhdp quo''c tingay cang sdu Cflng tac quan ly nganh giao due van edn mpt rgng Men nay, giao... due giua cae trung tdm, dfl tM ven bien va viing cao, viing vdn ehua dugc giai quyfl''t ma mdi chu yflu la sM ddu sua day, phat dpng theo phong trao, bflc 16 ro tinh sau, viing xa Hien nay, chiing