BAI BAO KHOA HOC BE XUAT BIEN PBAP KNAITBAC BE TBONG BAI TAP XAG SUAT N B A M N A N G CAB N A N G Lire VAN BUNG CBO SINH VIEK TBirdfNG BAI BOC TBE BUG TBE TBAO BAC NINH T? Hihj Hieu* Tdmtlt ^ ""iBBf n[.]
BAI BAO KHOA HOC BE XUAT BIEN PBAP KNAITBAC BE TBONG BAI TAP XAG SUAT N B A M N A N G CAB N A N G Lire VAN BUNG CBO SINH VIEK TBirdfNG BAI BOC TBE BUG TBE TBAO BAC NINH T? Hihj Hieu* Tdmtlt: ^ ""iBBf n « K ' — , * , Bai Vietfrinhbay ket qui nghien CLPU thyc trgng he thing bai t i p xac su^t (XS), thyc trgng giing dgy v i hpc t i p ndi dung XS cua giang vien va sinh vidn (SV) Tnfdng Ogi hpc T h l dye t h i thao Bic ninh, frdn ca sd d i xuat bifn phip phan logi, khai thic hp thong bai t§p XS gdp ph4n phit triin tu duy, hinh thinh ky ning, ky xio, tang cudng nang lyc vin dyng cho SV Tir khda: Hd thing, bai tap xic suit, nang lyc v$n dyng, bidn phip, khai thic Proposing measures to exploit the system of probability assignments to improve application ability for students in Sports University of Bac Ninh Summary: The paper presents the research results of probability exercises system, the status of teaching and learning content for teachers and students in Sports University of Bac Ninh, on the basis of proposing measures for classification, exploiting the probility exercises system, contributing to the development of thinking, forming the the skills, techniques, strengthening the application possibility for students Keyword: System, statistic exercises, ability of application, methods, exploitation DAT VAN OE Bai tap li "Bai cho hpc sinh lam dl tgp vgn dyng nhirng dilu da hpc" [5,fr.25];That khd cd the tim dupe mpt ITnh vuc toin hpc nio sau da gidi thifu kiln thuc mdi mi Igi khdng cd cic bii tgp di kem Giii bai tgp dd cd bii tgp XS li hinh thuc chu ylu cua hogt dpng Toin hpc; la phuang tifn khdng thl thay thl frong vifc giup SV nim viing tri thuc, phat hiln hr hinh thinh kT ning, kT xio, iing dyng toin hpc vio thyc tien Bii tgp XS cd nhieu ehiic nang, mii bii tap d mpt thdi diem ed thl chua dyng dudi dgng tudng minh hay an tang nhirng chirc nang khic vi chung cimg hudng din vifc thyc hifn myc dich dgy hpc (DH); chuc nang giio dye, chiic ning phit friln, chuc nang kilm fra, Cic Chile ning niy khdng bpc Ip rieng le, tich rdi mi chung cd quan hf hihi co vdi nhau, giup SV taiig eudng thyc hifn mii lien hf lien mdn va moi lifn hf vdi thyc tien Do vgy, vifc phan loai, khai thac cac bai tgp lien quan tdi XS li cin thilt khdng nhimg giiip cho S\ nim vimg hi thirc phit frien m hinh ky ning mi edn giup SV tang cudng nang lyc van dyng, cd thfm sy ty tin, no lyc phin diu giinh kit qui cao han frong hpc tap mdn Toin thing ke PHl/ONG PHAP NGHIEN ClJfU Trong qui trinh nghien ciiu, chiing tdi sii dyng cac phuang phap nghifn ciiu sau: Phuang phap phan tich vi ting hpp tii lifu tham khip; Phuang phap phdng vin, tpa dam; Phuang phap quan sat su pham; Phuang phip Toan hpc thing ke K^T QUA NGHIEN CUfU VA BAN LUAN Thyc trgng h$ thong bii t|p XS sip dyng q u i trinh giing dgy tgi Trtrimg OH TDTT Bic ninh Xic suit la npi dung quan trpng chuang trinh mdn hpc Toan thing ke, thgm chi vdi hf cao ding dupe tiln hinh giang dgy vdi thdi lupng tilt (ehilm ban 'A thdi lupng mdn hpc) De lam sang td thycfrgnghf thing bii tgp XS su dyng qui trinh dgy hpc, chung tdi da tien hanh phdng van giang vifn dgy mdn Toan thing ke tgi Tmdng Dgi hpc Thl dye thl thao Bic Ninh Ket qui phdng vin cho thiy: Cac bii tap XS cudn giao trinh hifn T S , Tni*ng BO man Ly hiin agi arong I nrtng Dgi hgc TOTT Bic Ninh MTrliHIlWIUffHIIIilllM -StfZ/MlB moi chi dimg tei d mdt vii bii tap don le, chua dupe chpn Ipc, sip xip mdt each day du vi humg thich vdi ndi dung ly thuylt ma S\ da hpc, mac dii frong qui frinh giang day cac giang Men da cd ging suu tim, b i sung them cac bai tap mdi (khoang gin 30 bii frdn ldp % a giao cho SV thyc hifn d nhi; hiu hit cic bai tap dd chi tip frung vao minh hoa, cung cd ly thuyet chii ylu la ren lu> en hoat ddng nhan dang vi the hien cac khai niem li chinh) \iec khai thac theo cic dyng > su pham chua duac chu frpng dung miic, dac biet li N iec ren luyfn ky nang, van dung toin hoc \ao thyc tien De biet duoc thyc frang giing day ndi dung XS Chiing tdi da tien hinh phwig vin cac giang vien mdn hpc Ket qui dupe frinh biy d bing Bang Quan nifm vi -MC «eu h;ich nhiem cua GV t«,ng qua trinh day hpc noi dung bai tap xac suat {n=4) TT Ndi dung phdng vin ket qua Thmh thoing Thudng xuyen Mi j % m, I % 75 25 ? & ^ d ^ bilt each nhap d|ng bii toan,.phan biet cie cl^Jlu^i'dd?" " ' " ' " '^ '"^'™' '*^* " ^ h^ Sic c l n thiit cua vigc phin loai va khai thac he thong bai tap (n=4) TT Ndi dung Dupe chpn Ipc va sip xip mpt cich he thdng, diy du, tfiuan tifn cho viec giang day fren ldp vi S V ty hpc d nhi Dupe hinh bay theo miic dp fri de din khd, phii hop vdi kha nang nhan thiic khac ciia SV Tuang thich vdi ndi dung ly thuylt da hpc Jupc phan loai, khai thac theo mirc dp "- dyng, thyc hanh toan hpc ^ p c phan logi, khai thac hf tfiing dya ao cie tinh huing diln hinh DH mdn Toan Dupe phan logi, khai thac cd dung y su phgm Dupe b i sung cic bii tap vdi muc dich giup SV thye hifn moi lifn hf liin mdn vi lien he vdi tfiyc tien Khdng cin thiet "'1 I HtTHCSiVGW Hoat dpng Hoat dpngT Tinh XS theo dinh nghia Md ta khdng gian mau, cie biln e i Tinh XS theo cdng thdc cpng vd nhdn XS diiu kifn Tinh cdc tham so dgc^ trung cua biin ngau nhiin rdi rgc Tinh cdc tham sd dgc trung ciia biin ngdu nhiin liin tpc Dua bai toin ve md hinh hpp, Tinh cic XS theo cdng giao cic tap hop thiic Tinh XS theo tin suit Tinh ky vpng, phuomg sai, dp Ifch chuan, hf sd bien thien Md ti him mit Tinh ky vpng, phuang sai, dp Ifch chuan hf sd dp bien thifn L^p bing phan phii XS Hoat dpng Neu vi su dung y nghTa ciia XS tim dupe Nfu vi su dyng y nghTa cua XS vita tinh dupe Nfu vi sir dyng y nghTa eac tham so dgc frimg viia tinh Neu va su dyng y nghTa cic tham sd die frimg vita tinh BAJ BAO KHOA HOC Toin hpc thing ke li phutmg tifn cln thiet d i xtp ly c i c so Hgu thu thgp du^c qui trinh nghien ciPU (Anh minh hpa) hpc qua ly fliuylt la hoin dupe mi it chiu suy nghT tim tdi, khai thic bai toin da cd theo cac khia cgnh khac Bi xuit bign phip khai thic, b i sung hf thing bii tfp XS 3.1 Sucdn thiit phdi khai thdc, bdsung hf thong bdi tgp De biet dupe tinh ein thilt cua cac bifn phap khai thic vi bi sung, ehiing tdi tiln hinh phdng van giing vien Toan tfiing ke Kit qui dupe trinh bay d bang Qua bing cho thiy hiu hit cic giang vien dupe^hdi diu eho tfiay vifc phan logi, khai thic hf tfiong bai tap li rit cin thilt va cin dupe chu frpngfrongqui trinh dgy hpc 3.2 De xudt bifn phdp khai thdc, bd sung hf thong bdi tgp XS Can cii vao thyc trang hf thing bai tap XS vi thyc trang ren luyfn mpt si ning luc van dyng da neu, chung tdi xin dl xuit cic bifn phip khai thic, bd sung hf thing bai tgp XS nhu sau: Thu nhat, phan loai, khai thac chii dl XS gin vdi qui frinh giii bii toin iing dung theo ba hogt dpng De giii mpt bai toin XS cd npi dung gin vdi thyc tien, ndi chung SV can phii tien hanh ba hogt dpng (HD): Xay dyng md hinh toan hpc rtr bii toin XS, xu ly md hinh toin hpc, phin tich vi bilu thi thyc tl kit qui toin hpc da thu dupe Co the van dyng cic HD niy vao dgy hpc cie hf fliing bai tgp XS nhu sau (Bang 5) Thir hai, phan logi, khai tfiic hf fliing bai tgp theo miic dp van dyng va thyc hanh cua SV Logi 1: Van dyng vio cic bii tap xic suit thuin friy; Loai 2: Van dyng vi thyc hanh toan hpc vao cac mdn khoa hpc khac; Loai 3: Van dyng vi ttiyc hinh toan hpc vao thyc tiln TDTT Thii ba, phan loai, khai fliac hf fliing cau hdi, bai tap d cudn bai tap dya vao cic tinh huing (TH) diln hinh frong DH mdn Toan TH - Dat vin dl, din dit tdi ly thuylt TH2- Minh hog ly fliuyet, chii ylu la nhgn dgng va the hien cac khii nifm, djnh ly TH3- Ciing ci Iy tfiuylt TH4- Rfn luyfn ky nang, ky xio TH5- Van dyng vao thyc tien Thii tu, khai thic cic bai tap d sich bii tgp, lya chpn bai toin mdi cd dyng y su phgm a Tgo bii toin hg fliip yfu ciu cho SV cd lyc hpc frung binh bing each: - Phat bieu Igi bii toan dudi dgng dan giin han - Chia bai tgp cic bai tap dom giin hon; - Dan gian hoa cac si lifu tinh toin; - Cy thl hoa mpt si dii kifn frong bai toin; - Dua cic bii toin phy b Tao bai toin nang cao danh cho SV khi, gidi bang each: - Phat bieu lai bii toan dudi dgng phiic tgp hon - Giir nguyen gia fliiet, nang cao yeu ciu doi vdi kit lugn; - Phiic tap hoa si lifu ciia di bii; - Cho mpt si dii kifn dudi dang chua rd ring; : - Giam bdt gia thilt, giii nguyen hay ting them yeu ciu; Vi dy: Mpt SV thain gia mdn thi ngogi ngii phai fra ldi cau hdi trie nghifm Moi cau c6 phuang in lya chpn hoic A hoge B Mii ciu hi ldi chinh xac dupe dilm SV M khdng thufc bai va tra ldi bing cich chpn ngau nhien moi cau dap an Tmh di SV M dd qua dupe mdn ngogi ngii.(Tir dilm trd len) WTMHWIUffailKniio -Sfl2gi15 - Hg thip yeu cau: \ i du Hai kifn frrdng bdng ban A va B tfii -^) Mdt S\' tham gia mdn flii ngoai ngii phai dau vdi Biet kha ning fliing ciia A vi B tra ldi cau hdi trie nghifm Moi cau cd tuong ling li 0.45, 0,55 Hdi co hdi fliing cua phuang in lua chpn hofc A hoac B Mdi cau fra A frojg van hay frong van li ldn han Ion chmh xac duac dilm S\' M khdng fliudc KET LUi«N bai va fra ldi bang each chpn ngiu nhien mii Ket qua nghien cuu da lim sing tdfliucfrang cau I dip an Tinh de SV M qua duac mdn su dung bii tap XS ndi rieng, bai tap toan fliing ngogi ngir ke noi Chung dupe ap dung frong tfiuc tl giing +) Mdt SV fliam gia mdn flii ngoai ngii phii day tgi Trudng Dgi hpc tfil dye thl thao Bic tri Ion cau hdi fric nghifm .Mdi cau cd nmh Cic bai tip da cd chua tao dilu kifn fliuan phuang in lya chpn hoic A hoac B Mdi eau fri lai chmh xac dupe dilm SV M khdng thupc Ipi nhat cho tfiay va frd ti chirc hoat dpng di bai va fri ldi bang each chpn nglu nhien mii cung cd, chiem ITnh kiln flnic vi rfn luyen fri cau dip an Tinh di SV M fra ldi duac diing ky tling, ky xio Can cii vio thuc frang dd ca cau ' * da de xuat dupe bifn phip phan loai, khai fliic va bd sung hf thdng bai tap XS phu hpp vdi - Nang cao yeu eiu: tnnh dp nhgn thuc cua SV TDTT, giiip SV nim +) Mpt S V tham gia mdn thi ngoai ngii phai vung fri thiic, phit friln hr hinh thinh kT tra lai eau hdi trac nghifm Mdi cau ed nang, ki xao, tang cudng nang lyc van dung qua phuang an lya chpn hoac A, B, C hoac D Mdi nang cao ehit lupng dgy hpc mdn hpc Toan cau fri ldi chinh xic duoc dilm SVM khdng thdng ke thupc bai va tra Idi bing each chpn ngiu nhien TAI LIEU THAM KHAO moi cau dap in Tinh di SV M dd qua dupe Tran Diic Dung, Tg Hihi Hilu, Nguyin mdn ngogi ngii Due Vin (2011) Tuyin tap cdc bdi todn Thdng +) Mpt SV tham gia mdn thi ngoai ngir phai ke-Do ludng, Nxb TDTT, Ha Npi tra ldi eau hdi frac nghiem Moi cau cd 2- Tran Diic Chiln (2007), Rin luyen ndng phuang in lya chpn hoac A hoac B Mdi cau fra lai chmh xie dupe diem SV M khdng fliupc luc tir thdng ki cho hpc sinh day hpc bii vi fra Idi bang each chpn nglu nhien mii thong ke - xdc sudt a mdn Todn Trung hpc phd cau dap an Hdi ning SV M dupe bao thong Luan in tien sT khoa hpe giao dye, Vifn chien lupc vi chuang trinh giio dye Ha Npi nhieu difm la ldn nhit Tg Hihi Hilu (2010), Dgy hpc mdn Thdng Thii nam, bd sung mpt sd bai tap giup SV ke toan hpc Iheo hudng van dung nghiin thye hifn mdi lien he lien mdn vi lien he vdi ant khoa hpc cho sinh vien cdc trudng dgi hpc thyc tien The dgc thi thao Luin in tiln sT khoa hpc giao a-Bo sung bii tap van dyngfrifliircfrongndi bp cic chu de XS; ' dye, Dgi hpc su phgm Ha Npi Nguyin Bi Kim (2002), Phuang phdp dgy Vi dy Hai diu thu A va B thi diu cd thing cua A la 0,4 frong mdi van chai (khdng cd hoa) hpc mon Todn, Nxb Dgi hpc su pham Hi Noi Hoang Phe (Chu bien 1997), Tir diin tiing Neu tfiang A se dupe mot dilm, nlu thua se khong cd diem nao Trgn diu se kit thiic yiet Nxb Khoa hpc xa hpi Ha Npi Nguyin Diic Van (2008) Phuang phdp hofc A giinh dupe dilm frirdc (khi dd A la ngudi fliang) hofc B giinh dupe dilm frude thdng ke tivng TDTT Nxb TDTT, Ha Ndi (Bai npp 23/3/2015, Phan bifn (khi dd B li ngudi thing) 1/4/2015, duyft in ngiy 2/4/2015) Tinh thing ciia A Gpi X la s i van cin thiet cua toan bp ttin dau Lgp bing phan bo ciia X b Bi sung vio cac tilt bai tgp bii tap van dyng \S theo hudng tich hpp va lien mdn ching han la: t m ... xio, fliii dp cho S\ ) Dilu dd dupe trinh biy frong bing chua tgo dupe dilu kifn fliuin Ipi nhit cho hoat Qua bing cho tfiiy ben canh nhirng SV van en hoat ddng nhan dang vi the hien cac khai niem li chinh) \iec khai thac