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NGHIEN CIAJ Ll LUAN ca HANH VI BAO LlTC 6 HOC SINH TRUNG HOC PHO THONG KET QUA NGHIEN COU VA DE XUAT GIAI PHAP DlAfNGTH! THU HUONG Hoc vif n Bdo chi vd Ibyen truyen Email duongliuong xhh@vahoo Gom Tdm[.]
NGHIEN CIAJ Ll LUAN ca HANH VI BAO LlTC HOC SINH TRUNG HOC PHO THONG: KET QUA NGHIEN COU VA DE XUAT GIAI PHAP DlAfNGTH! THU HUONG Hoc vif n Bdo chi vd Ibyen truyen Email: duongliuong_xhh@vahoo.Gom Tdm tdt: Trong nhtfng ndm vtfa qua, vdn di bgo Itfe hoc dUdng thue sutrd thdnh mpt vdn de ddng ehu y Id mdi bdn tam, lo Idng eua gia dinh, nhd trudng Ket qud nghien ctfu tgi cdc trudng trung hoc thdng Hd Ndi cho thdy hiin tugng ehil dpng bgo Itfe bgn bi vd bi bao Itfe dd trd len khd biin d cdc trUdng trung hge thdng vdi han 50% hoc sinh cho biit dd ttfng bi bgo lUc d it nhdt mdt hinh thtfc vd han 33% hge sinh eho blit dd ttfng bao Itfe bgn bi trtfc tiip (ddnh nhau, dga ngt, uyhiep) hay gidn tii'p qua mang xd hpi Hge sinh ed xu hudng Igm dung mgng xd hpi lien quan din bgo lUe true tuyen bien han, bao gdm cd viic chu dpng bgo Itfe bgn bi eung nhubi bgn be bgo Itfe (dga ngt, uyhiip) thdng qua mgng xd hpi Viic bat ngt bgn be d cd hinh thtfc gay bgo Itfe the chdt vd tmh thdn, d ed hinh thtfc trtfc tiip vd gidn tiep thdng qua mgng xd hpi deu co thegdy hdu qud vd tde ddng xau den hge tap, stfc khoe the chdt vd sdc khoi tinh than, dnh hudng din tdm livd suphdt triin cua hoc sinh Ttfkhod: Hdnh vi bgo Itfc; bao lUc trUc tuyen; hoc sinh trung hge thdng; nghiin ctfu; gidi phdp (Nhan bdi ngdy 15/11/2016; Nhdn ket qud phdn biin vdchinh stfa ngdy 01/12/2016; Duyet ddng ngdy 25/01/2017) Dat van de Trong nhQng nam vQa qua, van d l bao lye hpe dudng thuc sQ trd thdnh mdt vdn de ddng ehu y, la mdi ban tam, lo lang eua gia dmh, nhl trUdng.Theo blo clo cua Bp Gilo due va Olo tao nlm 2011 - 2012, toln qudc xly khodng 1600 vu hoe sinh (HS) danh va ngoai trudng [1] Theo td chQc Y t l t h i gidi (1996), bao lye II hinh vi sQ dyng vu lye hole quyen lye mdt each cd chu y nham myc dich de doa hole hinh dpng nham chdng lai minh, mpt ngUdi khae hoac mdt nhom, mdt tap the, Hau qud cua bao lye khdng chi la sQc khoe t h i chat nhQ dan den thUOng vong, tQ vong, di dang m l el nhQng tdn thQong, mat mIt ve tam li [2], Odl vdi bao lye hpe dQdng, hau hit eae tie gia deu thdng nhat eho ring day la hanh vi bao lUc duoc dien mdi trudng hoc dudng (trong hoac ngoai nha trudng), hole duoc thuc hien bdi HS IQa tudi hoc dudng [3], Bao lUc thudng dupe chia llm loai: Bao lUe the chat v l bao lye tinh than, Tuy nhien, viec phan chia nhu ndi tren ehi mang tinh chat tuong doi vi thUe te hau qua eua bao iQc the chat khdng chi dQng lai d nhQng ton thUOng ve thi chit m l tdn thQOng lau dai va khd lanh chinh la tdn thuong v l rinh than Hau qua ciia bao lUc the chat va tmh than d HS trung hoc thdng (THPT), IQa tuoi cdn rat tre dd chinh la anh hudng den hpe tap, cam thay lo ngai, so hai khdng mudn den trudng, khdng tap trung duoc tinh than va thdi gian eho hoc tap ben canh nhQng tdn thuang trudc mIt va lau dai ve the chat, tinh than Vdi sy phat then va bien eua mang internet mang xa hdi cang trd len phd biln ddi vdi HSTHPT, mIt trai cQa mang xa hdi chinh la tao them mpt kenh de HS cd the k i t be phai bit nat ban be - mdt hinh thQc bao luc hay bit nat tryc tuyen Thuc tien da eho thay rat nhieu nhQng mlu thuan tren mang xa hdi da trd thinh nhQng mlu thuan ngoli ddi that gay hlu qua khdn ludng cho HS Nhlm lam rd hPn thyc trang hanh vi gay bao lye va thyc trang bj bao lUe ciia HS THPT, chung tdi da tien hanh nghien cQu ddi vdi hon 1300 mau dupe chpn tai trudng THPT tai HI Ndi vao thing 01/2016, bao gdm trQdng THPT cdng lap v l trQdng ngoai cdng lap Ben canh tim hieu thUe trang, nghien cQu eung hQdng tdi rim hilu cac ylu td thudc dac diem ca nhan, gia dinh va trudng hpe ed lien quan den hanh vi bao iQc d HS THPT, day se 11 ea sd xac dinh nhdm cd nguy co cao gay bao luc va la nan nhan cua bao luc, td dua nhQng gOi y ve giai phap giup gia dinh, nha trudng va xd hdi tham gia hd tro gilm sit ed hieu q u i hinh vi bao lye d HS THPT, IQa tudi cd nhieu bien doi phQc tap el ve the chat tam 11 v l xa hdi Phuong phdp nghien ciiTu 2.1 Mdu nghiin ctfu Nghien cQu sQ dyng phuang phap thu thap thdng tin dmh luong, dieu tra chon mau vdi cdng cu la bang hdi dupc thiet ke sSn Mau nghien cQu bao gom 1333 HS dupc chon tai trudng THPT (3 trQdng cdng lap va trudng ngoai cdng lap) thudc quan tdng sd 12 quan ndi Ha Ndi, bao gom: Hoan Kiem, Cau Giay, BacTQLiem 12 quan ndi Ha Ndi duac chia nhdm dai dien cho giai doan phat trien va md rdng Ha Ndi, tren co sd nghien cQu lUa chon ngau nhien tQng nhdm quan vao mau nghien cQu, quan npi duoc chpn ngau nhien dac trUng cho giai doan phat triln dd thi hoa tai Ha Ndi, trudng THPT tiep tyc dUOc S0136-THANG 1/2017'OS I NGHIEN CUU Ll LUAN chpn ngau nhien he thdng danh sleh cle trQdng THPT (bao gdm c l cdng lap v l ngoli cdng lap) Tai moi trQdng, HS t i l p tyc dope chpn vIo mau nghien cQu d i p Qng tieu ehi ngau nhien v l khach quan: Mdi khdi Ida ebon ngau nhiln Idp, sau dd toln bd HS Idp dupe mdi tham gia nghien cQu sau da nghe phd bien ve muc dich, tinh khuyin danh va viec tham gia nghiin cQu la hodn toln tQ nguyen Tdng hpp lai ed 1333 HStQ nguyf n tham gia nghiin cQu, day II sd HS tQ 36 Idp hoc thudc khdi 10, khdi 11 va khdi 12 v l thudc trQdng THPT thudc quan tai Ha Ndi i^ L ii Da nnig bl d ^ h n-ongtagDiiinrtme B] M l nil aoi n j i boi b«n bi B| xAc ph«in uy hiep b^n nfeinisng saSfli Bieu 1: Thtfc trgng bi bao Itfc dHS THPTHd Npi (%) V l thuc trang bj bao luc, bilu dd t r l n cho thay nlu tfnh tQ trQdc d i n thi hinh thQc, HS cho biet hp bi bao lye, dpa nat la phd biln nhat vdi 33,7% HS 2.2 Biin sd nghien ctfu mau nghien cQu eho b i l t da tdng ddi mat vdi hinh Nghien cQu tim hilu mdt so cle ylu td c l nhan, gia thQc bao lye nly, t i l p d i n la bj xuc pham, uy hiep qua dmh, nha trudng ed liln quan d i n hinh vi gly bao lUc d mang xa hdi v l thap nhat II hinh thQc bi dinh vdi gan HSTHPT, cu the bien sd ddc lap (biln sd gili thfch) bao 20% HS eho bilt da tQng trli qua.Tuy nhien, duac hdi gdm: ve cac hinh thQc bi bao lUe tfnh vdng 12 thang cho + Ope dii'm cd nhdn: Gidi tinh, khdi hpe, hoc lUc (trong nam hoe gan nhat), thdi gian sQ dyng mang xa d i n thdi dilm nghiin cQu, hinh thQc bao iQc mcrt - bao hdi trung binh (dQdi rieng va tQ tiing trd lln), lye trQc tuyln hay ndi elch khlc chinh la sQ dyng mang -(-Ddc d/emg/o dinh: Tmh trang hdn nhan ciia bd va xa hdi, tin nhln de de doa, uy hiep, xuc pham ban be lai II hinh thQc phd biln nhdt vdi gan 10% HS cho bilt da me (sdng chung v l li than/li hdn/tai hdn.,.) + Bdc diem trUdng hge: TrQdng cdng lap v l trQdng tQng la nan nhan 12 thing qua.TQsd lieu thyc tien cd the dy blo tuong lai, rat cd the day la hinh thQc ngoai cdng lap Ve bien sd phu thudc: Nghien cQu rim hieu e l thyc bao luc phd biln vdi s y t i l p can de dang cua internet va trang bi bao iQc v l thyc trang gay bao iQc d HS THPT, phd biln cua mang xa hpi NhQ vay vdi sy phat trien va dd rim hieu d nhdm hinh vi bao iQc ey the: Danh cang phd bien cua cdng nghe thi mdt nhQng nhau, gay rdi (bao lye t h i chat}, dpa nat bit nat tryc t i l p mat trai cua nd ddi vdi HS chinh II sQ dyng d l bao iQc, (bao IQC tinh than tryc tilp) va uy hiep, doa nat thdng uy blip tmh than ban be Nghien cQu eung cho thay co qua mang xa hdi, hinh thQc bit nat true tuyen tdi 97,6% HS sQ dung mang xa hdi, dac biet dang quan Ben canh viec llm rd tan suat mQc dd hanh vi gly tam la tren 30% HS sQ dyng mang xa hdi trung binh tQ bao lUc va bi bao iQc cua HS THPT tai Ha Nd', nghien cQu tieng/ngay trd l l n Danh thdi gian sQ dyng mang qua tap trung rim hieu cac ylu td dac diem ca nhan, gia dinh, nhilu khdng nhQng cd the anh hQdng den thdi gian hoc trQdng hpe cd mdi quan he nhu the nlo ddi vdi hanh hanh m l edn ed kha nang sQ dung vao nhdng muc dfeh vi gay bao iQc, KT thuat phIn tich tuong quan cd kiem khdng lanh manh, dnh hudng d i n hoc tap va ddi song dinh duac ap dung nhlm lam rd muc dich nghien cUu thuccCiaHS, de xuat, Ket qud nghiSn cQu hanh vi bao lUc d hoc sinh trung hoc phd thong 3.1 Thtfc trgng hdnh vi bgo Itfc vd bj bgo lUc Nghien cQu tim hieu hinh thQc bao iQc phd bien, bao gdm- Bi danh (trQc tiep); bi bit nat, doa nat true tiep va bj xuc pham, uy hiep tren mang xa hdi Kit qua nghien cQu eho thay gan mdt nQa HS mau nghien cQu cho biet ho da tQng bi it nhat hinh thdc bao luc trln va ngoai trudng hoc, chf cd 54% HS cho biet ho chua bao gid gap bat kl mdt hinh thQc bao lUc nao tQ ban be va ngoai trudng Dang ehu y, cd 22,7% HS eho biet hp da tQng phli ehiu td hinh thQc bao lUe trd lln v l 7,6% HS da tQng phai chiu ca hinh thdc bao lue tQ ban be Cy the ve sd lieu thdng ke ti le HS cho biet da tQng bi cac hinh thQc bao luc tQ trUdc den eung nhutrong 12 thing qua (tfnh den thdi diem nghien cQu) duoc md ta chi tiet d bieu dd dudi day • KHOA HOC GlAO DUC Ve thyc trang ehu ddng ed hanh vi bao lUe vdi ban be, tuong ty vdi bi bao lUc, nghien cQu cung tim hieu hinh thUe ndi tren va cd 33,8% HS cho bilt da tQng ehu ddng cd Qng xQ bao iQc vdi ban d mdt ele hinh thQc nhu d l cap Khae vdi b\ bao lUc, tf le HS Qng xQ bao luc ban be phd biln nhat d hinh thQc danh nhau, gay rdi: TT le HS eho bilt da tQng cd lien quan d i n danh nhau, gay rdi nam qua va 12 thang qua lan lUpt 11 24,4% va 8,2%, tiep den (I hinh thdc bat nat dpa nat (tryc tiep) va uy hilp, doa nat qua mang xa hdi Rat eo the, mdt sd HS thudc nhdm chuyen di bao luc ban be vl khdng ehi dQng lai bao iQc mdt ngudi m l bao lye nhieu ngudi Hoac nhieu HS thuc te II da dung hinh thQc doa nat uy hilp ban khae nhung khdng nhd va khdng nghT ring each hanh xQ, Idi noj cua ban than khien eho ban khae bj tdn thuang, lo so NSHliNCIJfllUUIANl Kit q u i cy the v l mdi quan he glQa cdc yeu td ndi t r l n dupc de elp den d Bdng Ddi vdi die dilm ca nhan HS: Gidi tfnh, khdi hpe va hpe iQc (trong n l m hoc gan nhat), ket q u i phan tfch cho thay HS nam liln qua phd biln hon den hanh vl dinh gdy rdi va bdt nat doa nat true tilp Dilm ding ehu y la rieng ddi vdi hanh vi bao lUc true tuyln, ti I I HS nam v l nQ da tQng cd hinh vi II ngang NhQ vly, ffieu 2: Thtfc trgng ehu dpng boo Itfe dHS THPTHd Npi (%)vdi hinh thQc bao lye dQpe xem la gian t i l p nly, gidi tfnh Tuang tQ, n l u xem xet mdc thdi gian 12 thing khdng edn II y l u td can trd hay thuc day hanh vi nly qua thi ti le HS da tQng gly tQng hinh thQc bao iQc t r l n d HS, HS nQ d l tham gia phd biln tuong dQong vdi HS la tuong ddi ngang va suchlnh lech la khdng dang nam V l khdi hpe, so vdi HS khdi 10, HS khdi 11 va khdi 12 ke NhUvay, mac du mdi xuat hien nhung bang chQng tQ cho biet da tQng cd hinh vi danh nhau, gay rdi phd biln ti le HS b| bao iQc qua mang x l hpi cung nhU ti I I HS eho hOn.Tuy nhien sykhle biet giQa cle khdi II khdng dang biltdl sQdung mang xa hdi de bao luc, dpa nat uy hiep ke d hanh vi bao iQc cdn lai: Bdt nat doa nat true t i l p ban be cho thay hinh thQc nly ed dau hiln ngly cang v l bit nat doa nat qua mang xa hdi, tin nhln.Vl hpe lUc, phd biln nhdm HS THPT tUOng quan cho thay rat rd sU khae bilt v l ti le da tQng ed cac hanh vl bao luc d cd hinh thQc glQa nhdm HS cd 3.2 Cdcyeu toed lien quan den hdnh vi bgo Itfe vd hpe lye gidi, khi, trung blnh/ylu, su khlc bilt la rat Idn bi bgo Itfe neu so sanh giQa nhdm cd hoc luc gidi va trung binh/ Viee HS ed ele hinh vi bao lUe ban be bang hinh y l u d t i le HS da tQng danh nhau, gly rdi v l da tdng bao thQc bao iQc t h i chat hay bao luc tmh than dIu cd t h i lUe, dpa nat (true tilp) ban be.Ti le HS cd hoe lye gidi eho xem la ele hanh vi nguy co HS cd lien quan d i n nhQng bilt d l tiling uy hiep, bit nat ban be mac du it hon so hinh vi hay cdc HS la nan nhan deu cd t h i bj Inh vdi HS cd hpe luc kha va nhdm hoc lye trung binh/ylu, hudng d i n hpe tap, thdi gian dinh eho hpe tap v l Inh nhien sy chenh lech II khdng nhieu, die biet la so hudng den tinh than, tdn thQong the chat va tinh than sinh vdi sU chenh lech cua hinh thQc bao lye edn lai d cung nhu ndng tuong lai cua bin thin, O l vile can nhdm hpe iQc gidi v l hpe lUc trung blnh/ylu tfiiep cd hieu qui, viec tim hieu nhQng nhdm HS ed nguy cocao tham gia vao bao IQC ban be dcdc hinh thQc cung Bang tuong quan tren cung eho thay nguy cO HS nhu HS la nan nhln eua ele hinh thQc bao lye se II van cd lien quan den c l hinh thQc bao IQC ndi tren cd mdi de Qu tien v l can thiet ddi vdi gia dinh, nhl trQdng va cle quan he vdi ca yeu td: Loai trQdng, die dilm hdn nhln coquan quan li xa hdi Phdn tich d l cap d i n mdt sd die cda bd me v l thdi gian sQ dung mang xa hdi HS trUdng dilm ca nhan HS, die diem trQdng hpe v l die diem gia ngoai cdng lap, HS sdng gia dmh bd me khdng dinh, eu t h i II mdi quan he hdn nhan eua bd va me cd sdng chung (do 11 thin, 11 hdn, t l i hdn ) ed ti le d l tQng mdi quan he n h u t h i nao d i n hanh vi d l tQng gly bao cd lan lupng el hinh thQc bao luc vdi ban be la cao hon luc ddi vdi ban be d tQng hinh thQc cy the cua HS THPT so vdi HS hpe tai trQdng cdng lap va HS sdng gia tawtttaitxy li li milikioinmt Bdng 1: Mdi quan he gida cdc ddc diim HS, trUdng hoc, gia dinh vd hdnh vi dd ttfng gdy bgo lUe bgn bi (%) Khoi hoc Gidi t i n h Bao lUc ban be Hoc lUc Nam NQ 10 11 12 Gi6i Kha TB/ylu Danh nhau, gay rdi vdi ban 30,7* 16,9* 17,2 29,9 25,3 13,6* 23,8* 36,0* B3t n a t dpa nat ban be 15,!' 23,4* 17,4 21,3 19,5 15,1 18,3 26,2 13 12 11,2 13,9 12,6 9,2* 13,1* 14,8* Doa nat, uy h i l p ban tren mang xa hdi Bao iQc ban be Loai t r u d n g Hdn nhan cua b d m e Thdi gian t r u n g b i n h / s Q d y n g m a n g x a hdi Cong lap Ngoli cdng lap Sdng chung Li hdn, li than Dudi h / TQ3h/ngay t r d len Gay go, d a n h vdi ban 17,4* 32,0* 22 37,2* 19,7' 33,8* 83t nat, doa nat ban be 15,5' 24,2* 17,7* 30,2* 14,7* 29,8* 10,8" 14,6* 11,9* 16,8* 9,5* Dpa nat, uy hiep ban tren mang xa hpi 19,3* (*Chr square < 0,05) sd 136-TMNfi 1/2017* 95 L U NGHIEN CUU Ll LUAN dung mang x l hdi trung binh dUdi tilng/ngay cho biet d l tQng bi xQc pham, uy hilp t r l n mang xa hdi, ti le ndy d nhdm HS stf dung mang xa hdi trung binh tQ tilng/ngay trd len 11 33,8% Mot sd giai phap ket hop qudn It hanh vi riii ro CLia hoc sinh trung hoc phd thdng Ha Npi Sau nghiin cQu, chung tdi dQa mdt sd nhQng goi y v l mat gili phap qudn li cd hieu qua hanh vi bao luc dHS THPT nhu sau: - Bao luc vd bi bao lue da trd len kha phd biln, vly CO quan chQe nang can cd nhQng chUOng trinh truyen thdng phdi hap vdi nha trQdng trang bi eho HS nhQng ki nang sdng trinh gdy xung ddt dan d i n gdy bao iQc hoac phai hQng chiu bao luc d HS THPT, trang bi cac ki nlng sdng can thiet viee gili quylt cac xung dot hay trdnh bi bao luc nhilu lan, lap di lap lai m l khdng eo ngUdi tro giup, ddn den nhung h l u q u i dang tile CIc chuang trinh gilng day ve kT nang sdng phdng chdng bao fue nha trQdng cd the ldng ghep cae gid gilng chfnh thdc phu hpp neu cd dupe sQ ddng thuan cua nha trudng va ea quan quan If - Gia dinh, nhl trUdng cd sQ quan t i m phu hpp ddi vdi cle nhdm cd nguy co eao gay bao luc v l nan nhan cua cac hinh thQc bao iQc, dd iQu y den nhdm HS nam cd hoc lye kem, hoc tai cac trUdng ngoai cdng lap va sdng cle gia dmh bd me li than/li hdn Odl vdi nhdm HS cd nguy co eao liln quan den hinh vi bao lUc nay, viec tU van, hd tro tam li, giam sat cae em II rat can thiet Ben canh dd rat can cd sy phdi hpp tdt giQa nhl trQdng vdi gia dmh viec thdng nha't cQng hd trp va giao dye ele em Odi vdi nhQng gia dmh cd van de, viec HS chid vdi bd hole me sell mdt trd ngai qui trinh phdi hop vdi n h l trUdng, viec ddng Idng, thdng nhat each giao due eon eua bd va me ciJng vdi nha trudng la rat can thiet cho du ho khdng cdn sdng chung - Gay bao iQc tryc tuyen hay trd nan nhan etia bao lue tryc tuyln cang trd nen phd biln, kit qui phan tieh eho thay viec lam dung mang xa hdi, danh qua nhieu thdi gian eho mang xa hdi hang ngly eua HS hien la mdt nhQng ylu td lien quan mIt thiet ddi vdi ca hanh vi gay bao lUc tryc tuyln/bit nat tryc tuyen cung nhu trd nan nhan cua bat nat tryc tuyen Trong mang xa hdi van II mpt the gidi rat rieng ma gia dinh va giao vien khd ed the tham gia quan sat va gilm sit nhQng mdi quan he, hinh vi, ngdn ngQ eua HS thi viec quIn If phuang tien, thdi gian sQ dyng mang xl hpi cua HS la trach nhiem cua ca gia dinh va nha trUdng Bieu 3: tuang quan gitfa thdi gian sddung mang xd hpi Viec quan li thdi gian cung nhu nhQng hoat ddng dUoc vd th Uc trgng bi bao lue cua HS THPT Ha Npi (%) phep sQ dyng mang xa hdi cua HS tQ phia gia dinh Bieu dd tren eho thay rat rd HS sQ dung mang xa va nha trudng se giup HS tap trung va cd them thdi gian hdi trung binh tren tieng/ngay cd nguy co bi danh, bi hoc tdt hon, dong thdi tranh duac nhQng xung ddt bSt bat nat dpa nat true tiep hay bi xuc pham, uy hiep tren nat tren mang ma hau qua cua nd khdng cdn la"lo"ma mang xa hdi cao hon so vdi nhdm HS sii dyng mang la hau qui that cae em phai hQng chiu x l hdi trung binh ft han tieng/ngay, SU khae biet va - Viec cd nhQng can bo chuyen trach, t i l n d i n co chenh lech rd nhat the hien hinh vi bi xuc pham, uy nhan vien cdng tac xa hdi chuyen nghiep nha hiep thdng qua mang x l hdi: Cd 19% HS nhdm cd trudng hd trp nhQng nhdm HS cd nguy co cao gay bao dinh bd me sdng chung SQ chenh lech ve nguy coed cle hanh vi danh va bdt nat dpa nat (trQc tilp) la tQPng ddi Idn giQa HS trQdng cdng lap v l ngoai edng lap, HS cd bd me hien sdng chung va nhdm cd bd me khdng sdng chung, Tuy nhien khodng each chenh lich gilm xudng giQa cae nhdm dQpc the hiln d hinh vi sQdung mang xd hdi uy hiep, dpa nat ban be (bit nat tryc tuyln) Vdi xu hudng sQ dung mang xa hdi ngdy cang phd biln, die biet 11 dinh nhilu thdi gian eho mang x l hdi, ben canh cac die diem nhln khau hpe c l nhan, dac diem gia dinh, die diem trudng hoc, nghiin cQu cung hudng tdi phIn tich mdi quan he giQa viec sd dyng mang xa hdi nhieu gid d HS v l kha nlng anh hudng d i n cae hanh vl bao lue ban be Lay mdc thdi gian sQ dung trung binh td tilng/ngay trd l l n , ket q u i phan tieh cho thay HS cho biet hp thudng xuyen sQ dung mang xa hdi trung binh tQ tilng/ngly trd len ed xu hQdng ed e l loai hinh VI bao iQe la cao va sQ chlnh lech II rat rd so vdi HS ddnh trung binh dudl tilng/ngay sQdung mang xa hdi Ding chQ y la HS cd sQdung mang xa hdi trung binh tren tieng/ngly cho biet da tdng dpa nat uy hilp ban tren mang xa hdi cao gap hon lan so vdi HS sQ dung mang xa hdi trung binh dudi tilng/ngay Nhu vay, viec lam dung mang xa hdi, cu the la dinh qua nhieu thdi gian sQ dyng mang xa hdi II mdt cae ylu td nguy co lien quan den hanh vi bao lye ban be tren mang xa hpi Cung lien quan din sQ dyng mang xa hdi d mQc dp lam dyng, viec danh qua nhieu thdi gian sQ dyng mang xa hdi khdng ehi lien quan d i n hanh vl gay bao iQc ban be m l cdn la ylu td giai thich cho nguy cO bj bao iQc biln hon d HS, dac biet la nguy eo trd thinh nan nhan cQa bao lUe true tuyln HS lam dung mang xa hdi (sQ dung trung binh td tieng/ngay trd len) khdng nhQng la nhQng HS cd xu hUdng cd hanh vi bao luc ban be (d el hinh thQc) phd bien hon nhQng HS khae m l cung II nhdm cd xu hudng bi bao lUe (d c l hinh thQc) phd bien hon nhQng HS khae, dac biet la nguy eO bj bao lUc true tuyen qua mang x l hpi 11 il > KHOA HOC GIAO DUC NGHIEN COU Li LUAN iQc, nan nhln cua bao lye cung nhQ cdc hinh vi rui ro khae gdp phan k i t ndi tdt giQa nhl trQdng, gia dinh v l HS, giQp HS vupt qua dupe nhQng khd khan, phQc tap giai doan trudng thanh, trd thinh nhQng t h i he k l can khoe manh c l ve the chat v l tinh thdn cda dat nude S Ket luan Kit qui nghiin cQu tai cle trQdng THPT Ha Ndi cho thay hiln tUong chu ddng bao luc ban be va bi bao lUc da trd ten kha phd biln d ele trudng THPT vdi ban 50% HS cho biet d l tQng bi bao iQc d ft nhdt hinh thQc v l hon 33% HS eho biet d l tQng bao iQc ban b l trQc t i l p (danh nhau, dpa nat uy hilp) hay gian tilp qua mang xa hdi Hinh thQc bao lUc mdi thdng qua mang xa hdi hay cdn gpi II bao lye true tuyln mac du mdi xudt hiln nhQng cd nhQng bSng chQng eho thay ngly clng phd biln, dly cung la hinh thQc bao lue it ehiu Inh hudng bdi gidi tfnh, hpe iQc, loai trudng, dac diem hdn nhan cua bd me hPn so vdi cle loai hinh bao lUc trUc t i l p (danh nhau, dpa nat uy hilp ban be) Trong dd, bao iQc true tuyln ehiu anh hudng va cd mdi quan he mat thilt vdi thdi gian sQdung mangxa hdi, HSedxu hudng lam dung mang xa hdi (danh thdi gian trung binh tren tieng/ngay) lien quan d i n bao lye tryc tuyln phd biln han, dd bao gdm c l vile chu dpng bao lUc ban be cung nhubi ban be bao lye (doa nat uy hilp) thdng qua mang xa hdi Thyc t l cho thay HS cd cle mlu thuan tren mang xa hdi, sQ dyng mang xa hdi de uy hiep de doa ddi khdng ehi dQng lai d tren mang ma rat D de trd thinh nhQng xung dot ngoli ddi that, Viec bdt nat ban be d ea hinh thQc gly bao Ipc the chat va tinh than, d c l hinh thQc true t i l p va gidn tiep thdng qua mang x l hdi dIu cd t h i gly hlu qua v l tie ddng xau den hoc tap, sQe khol t h i chat v l sQc khol tinh than, anh hQdng den tam If v l sy phIt triln cua HS, TAIL)£U THAM KHAO [1], Nguyen Thi Thu Trang va cdng sy, Thtfc trgng hdnh vi bdt ngt/bgo Itfc the chdt d hge sinh Trudng Trung hge thong Trdn Phu, qudn Hodn Kiem, Hd Npi ndm 2073,TapehiYtlcdng edng, sd 31,2014 [2], Agnieh et aL (2011), A cross- National study of school v/o/ence,Blaesburg, VA [3] Huynh Vln Son - Nguyen Thi Diem My, (2014), Bao Itfe hge dudng - edn cd cdi nhin khoa hge vikhdi niim Ki y l u Hpi thIo Thue trang va giai phap ngan chan bao lye hpe dudng trUdng phd thdng [4] Le Thi Hien, (2014), Sao Itfc hge dudng d cdc trUdng trung hoc thong nhin ttf phia ngUdI hoe, Ki yeu Hdi thIo Thyc trang v l gili phIp ngan chan bao lUe hoc dudng trUdng thdng [5] Phan Thuan, (2014), Cdcyeu td tde dpng den bgo Itfe hoc dudng dUdi gidc dp tiip cdn li thuyet xd hdi hge, Ki yeu Hdi thao, Vien Nghien cQu Gilo dye-TrQdng Oai hoc Supham Thanh phd Hd Chf Minh VIOLENT ACTION OF STUDENTS AT GENERAL SCHOOLS: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND SOLUTIONS Duong Thi Thu Huong Academy Journalism and Communication Emaih duonghuong_xhh@yahoo.com Abstract: In recent years, school violence has become a matter of interest, concern, worry of family and school researchfindingsat secondary schools in Hanoi showed that the phenomenon of active violence and passive violence become widespread at secondary schools with more than 50% of students reported being violence in at least one form more than 33% of students reported causing direct violence (fighting, bullying, intimidation) or indirectly through socia networks Students tend to abuse the social network-related online violence, which includes active and passive viole (bullying, intimidation) via social network Forms of bullying include physical and mental violence, direct and indirect on through social networks ean cause consequences and negative impact on learning, physical health and mental hea and psychological impact on development of students Keywords: Violent action; online violence; students at general schools, research; solution S0136-THANG 1/2017 > 97 ... lien quan den hdnh vi bgo Itfe vd hpe lye gidi, khi, trung blnh/ylu, su khlc bilt la rat Idn bi bgo Itfe neu so sanh giQa nhdm cd hoc luc gidi va trung binh/ Viee HS ed ele hinh vi bao lUe ban be... muc dich nghien cUu thuccCiaHS, de xuat, Ket qud nghiSn cQu hanh vi bao lUc d hoc sinh trung hoc phd thong 3.1 Thtfc trgng hdnh vi bgo Itfc vd bj bgo lUc Nghien cQu tim hieu hinh thQc bao iQc... tinh than sinh vdi sU chenh lech cua hinh thQc bao lye edn lai d cung nhu ndng tuong lai cua bin thin, O l vile can nhdm hpe iQc gidi v l hpe lUc trung blnh/ylu tfiiep cd hieu qui, viec tim hieu