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Nguyin Van Nhan /> 0< J A j TRAJXD6I T H 6 N G TIN ^ NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC TRONG MNFLVIENi ^AcH TIEP ^ " j v A c A c B\iac Tnyt HIEN ""̂C I w u 7 f̂̂ i ;,f̂ l f(cu '''' Nguyen Van Nhan Sd lugrng sinh viin[.]
Nguyin Van Nhan /> 0< J A j TRAJXD6I T H N G TIN ^ NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC TRONG MNFLVIENi ^ A c H TIEP ^ " j v A c A c B\iac T n y t HIEN ""^C I w u -7 ^f^i_;,f^l f(cu- ' Sd lugrng sinh viin ciaujydng Nguyen Van Nhan B^i hgc Hi NO^ham gia nghiin ci>u khoa hgc da tSng tin ding ki vdng 10 nim trd l^i diy, dd phii ki din mdt ff li khdng nhd nhQ'ng sinh vien lim luin vSn fdf nghiep Hinh thCrc ti chirc cic ho^t ddng nghien ciru khoa hgc dinh cho sinh viin cGng da d$ng: Til nSng khoa hgc tri Viit Nam" (dp bd), 'Tii ning khoa hgc tri Trudng D$i hgc Hi Npi", "HOi thio khoa hpc sinh vien" (dp khoa) Tuy nhien, tinh thi^ ddng hgc tip vin chua dugic di thi$n ding ki Sinh vien chi "xoay quanh" giing dudng vdi bii hgc tren Idp, chua chd dOng tham gia cic ho^t dpng nghiin dru khoa hgc, chua tich cue tim tdi ca hdi duac hgc t$p, nang cao kiin thCrc thi/c Viy cich tiip dn, tiin danh gji, to chirc vi hudng dJn nghiin deu khoa hgc sinh vien nhu thi nao di cho cac ho?t dpng khdng phii li cii gi dd qua xa vdi ma nim cic ho^t ddng dio tao cOa tnrdng, khoa vi bd mdn, trd thinh mgt ho^t ddng thudng xuyen, thi/c s y t>6 ich va thiit thi/c, thu hut ducrc nhiiu ngudi tham gia vi sin phim nghiin cCfu dupe dua vie Crng dung qui trinh hgc tip t^i trudng Dd cung li npi dung ma chung tdi muon trao dii bai viit niy The number of Hanoi University's undergraduates conducting scientific research, particularly graduation papers, has significantly increased during the last 10 years There are various kinds of researching activities dedicated to students: prizes for Vietnam Young Talents in Scientific Research (MOET), HANU's Young Talents In Scientific Undergraduate Scientific Seminars, Research, However, students in general still remain a bit passive: they focus only on lessons and knowledge attained in classrooms and rarely engage themselves In doing research, or searching for opportunities to learn and attain practical experiences It is important to involve research activities in training events of the university, faculty and division, and make them more regular, useful and practical to attract more participants and apply more research products In teaching and learning Thus, the article discusses some ways to approadi, evaluate, organize and provide instruction for students to carry out sdentific research Dat van de ck vl vat lyc vk tri lye, su chi dao thuc Tnrong Dai hoc Ha Noi dS va dang tec hien 10 trinh dao tao theo hlnh thfc , , , _^ - J - - u - Ltin chi Cong viec niy doi hoi sir chuan bi ^^ '=^'«"'' ^ ^ " ^ ' " * " « • '"f P*"^' " ' P ""'? "''^"S chat che giOa cdc phong chic nane vk cac khoa, bo mon tokn * , • " truong Chuyen doi hlnh thuc dao tao tu • TS., Khoa tiing Phap, Tricing D?l hpo Ha N9I niSn ch6 sang tin chi yeu cau su doi mdd 91 Tjip chi Khoa hyc NgogI ngO ve tu va nh|n thac L§ trinh thyc hien da dugc xkc dinh, nhiSn khdng phki tat ca cac gikng viSn va sinh viSn deu nhin thac mpt each ro rkng vk cgn ke ve hinh thac dko tao nky D l tien tdi thyc hien dao tao theo tin chi tokn phan, can dilu chinh, thkm chf thilt k l lai khung chuong trinh dko tao hien nay, nhkt Ik chuong trinh khung ciia cac khoa vk bp mdn nhkm dap ling nhu can xk hOi vk khfch Ip sinh vien tham gia mdt each tfch eye va cd hieu qua vao ckc hoat ddng dko tao Hinh thac dko tao nky ddi hdi ngudi hpc phm chu dpng ban viec xky dung k l hoach hpc tkp Bko tao theo hinh thuc nien che da hoc Id mpt sd han che nhu ngudi hpc thudng thy ddng hpc tap, chuong trinh ckc mdn hpc khdng cho ph^p ngudi hpc cd nhieu lya chpn, vi vky chua thu hut, khuyen khi'ch ngudi hpc tham gia tfch eye vao quy trinh dao tao va nghien ciiu khoa hpc Nhu vky hinh thuc dko tao cd anh hudng khdng nho, nSu khdng ndi cd tfnh quyet dinh den ket qua hgc tap cia ngudi hgc Nang cao chat lugng dko tao nhkm dap ang nhu cau xa hpi, tao them co hpi viec lam cho sinh viSn da ludn dugc Ban Giam hieu Nha trudng vk lanh d^o cac phdng, khoa, ban, bp mdn cung nhu dpi ngii giang vien tokn trudng dac biet quan tkm Dilu dugc the hiSn qua vi^c doi mdi giko trinh, cai tiln phuong phap giang day, quySt tkm tilp tyc thyc hien Ig trinh dko tao theo hinh thuc tin chi, dkc biet la xky dyng quy che khuyen khfch giang vien, sinh vien tham gia nghiSn ciiu khoa hgc (NCKH) Dknh gik ve ckc hogt ddng SA 46 (th^ng 3/2016) NCKH sinh viSn vdng 10 nam trd lgi dky, chiing ta cd the dl dkng nh|n thky s6 lugng sinh viSn tham gia NCKH da tkng len dkng k l Hinh thuc t l chiic ckc hoat dpng NCKH danh cho sinh viSn ciing khk da dang: 'Tki nkng khoa hgc tre Viet Nam" (cdp bg), 'Tki nkng khoa hpc ae Trudng Dai hpc Ha Ndi", "Hpi thao khoa hpc sinh vien" (cdp khoa) Trong s6 nhiing sinh viSn tham gia NCKH hkng nkm phai ke den mot sd lugng khdng nho nhiing sinh viSn Ikm lukn van tdt nghiep Dac biet la ta Ban Giam hieu Nhk trudng cho phep cac khoa tkng s6 lugng nhung sinh vien du dieu kien lam lukn vkn tot nghiep, ta 10% den 20%, dieu kien thuc te d moi khoa Ti IS sinh viSn tham gia nghiSn ciiu ngky mOt dong hon, nhung tfnh thy dgng hpc tap van chua dugc cki thien dang kl Sinh vien chi "xoay quanh" giang dudng vdi bai hpc tren Idp, chua chu dgng nghien cau, tim tdi co hpi dugc hpc t^p, nkng cao kien thac thuc tiSn Mdt bp phan khdng nho sinh viSn hien thieu sy dam mS hpc tap, chua cd myc tieu phdn dku ro rang, khong cd du dinh cho tuong lai, trSn Idp hgc thieu tkp tmng, thai d$ met mdi, cd mkt de dugc diem danh Vky ckch tilp ckn, danh gia, tl chiic vk hudng dkn NCKH sinh viSn nhu the nko, nhdt la giai doan dao tao theo hinh thiic tfn chi, dS cho ckc hoat dpng nky khdng phki ik cki gi dd qua xa vdi ma nkm ckc hoat ddng dao tao caa trudng, khoa vk td bp mdn, trd thknh mdt hogt ddng thudng xuyen, thuc sy bd ich vk thiet thyc, thu hut dugc nhiSu Nguyin Van NhSn ngudi tham gia va skn phkm nghiSn cau dugc dua vko ling dyng qua trinh hpc tkp tai trudng Dd cung lk ndi dung chi'nh ma chdng tdi mudn dl c|ip bki viit nky Cach tiep cSn v^ danh gik 1.1 NCKH sinh vien/NCKH ciia ckc nha nghien cihi chuySn nghifp D I cap den vkn de NCKH sinh vien, cd le bkt ddu bkng cku hdi: T h i nko la NCKH? Dilm khkc biet NCKH sinh vien? Myc tieu ciia NCKH sinh vien la gi? Tim cau trk loi cho ckc cku hdi tren chung ta se cd cki nhin rd hon ve van de Trudc het chung ta can bat dau xem xet khai niem ve NCKH Cd rat nhieu dinh nghTa ve NCKH, nhung ckn ban thi NCKH la hoat dgng tim kilm, xem x^t, dieu tra, ho^c tha nghiem, dya tren nhOng s6 li?u, tai lieu, kien thuc nham phkt hien nhung cai mdi ve ban chkt sy vat, ve the gidi ty nhiSn vk xa hpi, va dS skng tao phuang phap- va phuong tien kT thuat cao hon, gia tri hon Vdi each nhin nhan nay, NCKH lk cong viSc cua cac nhk nghiSn ciiu chuyen nghiSp - thdng thudng la nhihig ngudi cd bang tiSn sT d ckc chuySn nganh Bkng thac SI d cac nude (Master hay DEA d chku Au, hay Maitrise d Canada) cung chi de di 1km cha chua phai bkng cap de nghien ciiu Vi thi, d mdt so nude, cd bang tiSn sT khong hkn ddng nghTa vdi viec de dang tim kiem vi?c 1km, vi liSn quan tdi bd trf noi Ikm viec, dieu kien lam viec, va mdc luong phki tra TRAO D I T H N G TIN Mkt khkc ciing can phan biet hai khki ni$m NCKH: hoat d6ng nghiSn ciiu vk ket qua nghien ciiu Hoat dpng nghiSn ciiu la quk trinh thyc hien nghien cuu va ket qua nghien ciiu la muc ddng gdp cho khoa hgc, hay cy the hon dd lk mac dO ang dyng vko thyc tien caa nghiSn ciu Dd Cling chinh la hai tieu chi de danh gia mdt cdng trinh NCKH Xet tren gdc dp khoa hpc, ket qua la thudc chfnh cho mgi NCKH dugc ckc nhk nghiSn ciiu chuyen nghiSp thyc hien vdi dau tu kinh phf va dieu kien Ikm viec dky du Hp cd thi lk cac nha nghiSn cuu d nhilu ITnh vuc khkc nhau, d ckc vien, trung tam nghiSn ciiu, ckc giko su, gikng vien d cac trudng d^ hpc, cao dang, trung hpc chuySn nghiSp, ckc chuyen gia d cac ca quan qukn If Nhk nude Mgt loai hinh nghiSn ciiu khac khk phd biln d ckc trudng dai hgc, la ho^t d^ng NCKH sinh vien dual hinh thac tham gia giai thudng "Sinh viin nghiin cuu khoa hoc" cap b6, cap trudng, tham gia hOi thko sinh vien cdp khoa, viSt luEin van tot nghi?p vk kS ca luan vkn thac sT VS viec khuySn khfch NCKH cua sinh vien, Bd Giko dye vk Dao tao da phan cap cho thu trudng cac ca sd xem xet quyet djnh cdng them diem vko diSm trung binh chung hpc tap cua nkm dang hgc cho cac sinh vien d^t giai thudng nSu trSn Bd td c h a c ' Cdn d cdp trudng, viec cdng ' T6ng s6 dilm toi da cho 01 cong trinh: Giai nhSt: 0,4 diam; giai nhi: 0,3 dilm; giai ba: 0,2 diam; giai khuyin khich: 0.1 dilm (Quy che v^ NCKH cua sinh vi£n cdc truimg Dai hoc va Cao dSng, chuong 3, dilu 11 - Ban hanh kem theo Quyet dinh 93 T9P chf Khoa hpc Ngo^i ngO diSm thudng vko dilm mdn hgc liSn quan din dl tai thyc hiSn hay trao giki dugc thuc hien d cdp khoa, giay chang nhkn, tiSn thudng d cdp trudng (theo quy chi hien hanh) Vi vay, khdng the kp dyng tieu chf danh gik hoat dgng NCKH danh cho ckc nhk nghiSn ciiu chuySn nghiep d l dknh gik hoat ddng NCKH sinh viSn vi muc tieu dko tao ciia b | c d^ hoc chua phM dao tgo cac nhk nghien ciiu chuyen nghiSp ma nham trang bi cho sinh vien nhiing kiln thuc, kT nang NCKH dpc lap, ckc budc tien hanh NCKH Hoat dgng NCKH cua sinh vien nhkm "Phat huy tinh nang dpng, sdng tgo, khd ndng nghiin cuu khoa hpc dpc lap ciia sinh viin, hinh nang Itfc tu hoc cho sinh vierC^, ho trg thiet thuc cho cac hoat dgng hpc tap, trao ddi, chia se thdng tin, lam tien de cho hpc tap vk NCKH d bac cao hon, d6ng thdi chuan bi cho ckc dir kn thuc sy sau tdt nghiep audng Chfnh vi vay dknh gik NCKH sinh vien chfnh la dknh gik chkt lugng cua hoat ddng NCKH, hay khk nkng cOa sinh vien viec hinh thknh ckc y tudng, dkt van de nghiSn ciiu va trien khai ckc budc nghiSn ciiu mdt each khoa hpc Mpt dS tai NCKH sinh vien thuc hiSn co the chua hokn thien ve giai phkp nhimg da the hien sy dau tu Idn v l tri lyc cua tkc gia vko viec tim tdi, v^n dyng cac phuang phap so 08/20Q0/QD-BGD&BT ngdy 30 thdng nSm 2000 cua BQ tru&iig Bp Gido dye va Dao tgo) Quy d)nh \h NCKH ciia sinh viSti cdc ca so gi>!o dye d^i hpc, chuong 1, dieu - Ban hdnli kem theo Thong tu s6 I9/20l2/rT-BGDDT, ngdy 01 ihdng n5m 2012 cua B^ truong BQ GD & DT 94 S6 48 (th^ng 3/2016) NCKH thi ciing da cd thi xem lk dat dugc muc tiSu dl Cki quan trpng nhat cua bkc hpc la viec sinh viSn d^c lap vkn dyng vk thuc hiSn hoan chinh mpt qui trinh NCKH, thay dugc nhihig trd ngai, thdy dugc nhChig khd khkn vk xxt ly cac khd khkn 1.2 NCKH vol boat dgng dko tao Ddi vdi mSi sinh vien dang ngii tren ghl gikng dudng dai hgc, ben canh viec hpc ckc mdn hpc trSn lop, NCKH dugc xem nhu mpt nhiing nhiem vy vk trkch nhiem cua sinh vien Nd khdng chi giup hg tiep ckn, tim hieu va khkm pha ITnh vyc chuySn mdn ma hp biSt vk ySu thfch, ma cdn cho hg mdt tkc phong lam viec khoa hgc, ren luyen each nhin nhkn, dknh gik van de mgt each khkch quan, xem xet dudi nhilu gdc dp Nhkn thuc dugc nhung lgi fch to Idn ma NCKH cd thi mang lai, sinh viSn nSn tham gia hoat dgng NCKH, ta nhung nam ddu cua bkc dai hpc Mudn vay, phai xay dyng mot chuong trinh dko tao that hgp ly mot phuong phap dko tao tien tiSn, dS hd a g phkt triSn kT nkng va cung cdp kiSn thuc nghien ciiu cho sinh vien Chuong trinh dko tao cua tang khoa, tang b^ mdn phai dugc cdu tao hgp 1^ d l khuyin khfch sinh vien tham gia ckc hoat dgng NCKH NSu phuang phkp gikng day caa giang vien khdng hdp dkn, thilu ho trg cua cdng nghe thdng tin, tki lieu gikng d^y khdng dugc thudng xuyen cap nhkt, chat lugng thu vien, intemet, phong luyen tiing khdng dkm bko se gay TRAO B | THONG TIN Nguyin Van Nhan knh hudng khdng nhd din kit qua hpc tap vk khdng thu hut va khfch 1$ sinh viSn Trong timg mdn hpc, giang viSn nSn hudng din vk ySu cau sinh viSn thyc hien ckc dl tki mang tfnh nghiSn ciiu d cdp khoa va bO mdn, ckc dS tai mk giao vien thuc hien, nen sa dyng trg ly Ik nhung sinh vien uu tii, cd ciii tien tha vk dam me NCKH Nhu v$y, neu dugc quan tam vk td chac tdt, NCKH sinh vien khdng phki lk cki gl xa vdi, nd nam hogt dpng dao tao cua trudng, caa khoa va bp mon Tyc nga Viet Nam cd cau: "Co cdng mdi sat, co ngdy nin Mm" T a nhiing viec nho nhu tu tim dpc tki lieu, ckc bki viSt, ckc bko cko nghiSn cuu viit bkng tieng Viet va tieng nude ngoai mk minh hpc dkng tren Tgp chi Khoa hoc Ngoai ngii ciia Trudng, ckc lukn vkn tit nghiep den lam viec nhdm de chuan bi bai thuySt trinh, trao ddi vdi va ca vdi gikng vien mdi cd thi vS dl cuang mdn hgc hay lukn vkn tdt nghi$p dang thyc hien, sinh vien cd thi hpc dugc rdt nhilu 13 Lgi fch cua NCKH doi voi sinh vien Ndi din NCKH, ngudi ta ndi din sy khd nhgc, vdt vk, cdng vi?c ddy chdng gai, thkch thuc, tdn nhieu thdi gian va tri luc va nhiing hokn cknh cu thi cd thS trk gik bkng ca tfnh mang Cudc sdng hien d^, vkn minh ngky la ket quk cua sy cdng hiln thkm Ikng, miSt mki cua nhiing ngudi cua nhieu the he mong mudn ddng gdp sac minh vko sy phdn vinh cua dat nude La nhiing chu nhan tuang lai ciia dkt nude, sinh viSn can hieu ro nhiing mkt tich cue mk NCKH cd the dem lai cdn tten ghe gikng dudng dai hpc de sau nky ddng gdp thilt thyc vko cdng cudc x^y dyng ddt nude Trudc hit, NCKH bd sung nhihig kiln thac ma chung ta khdng dugc hpc hokc dugc hgc nhung rat h ^ che d mdi trudng dai hoc, vk Ikm giau vdn sdng ck nhan bkng nhiing kiln thic ve ddi song vkn hda, kinh tl, xa hgi Tilp din, NCKH giup chdng ta vkn dyng vk dao sku hon nhihig kien thac da hpc, bilt ckch tdng hgp, phan tfch, md r