NGHItN Ctfu TRAO DOI 001 MOfI PHl/ONG PHAP DAY VA HOC Nham nang cao chat lu''''dng dao tao TrUdng Dai hoc Kinh te Cong nghiep Long An • ThS PHAM DTEP BA (*) TOM TAT Doi mdi chuang trinh ddo tgo Dgi hoc,[.]
NGHItN Ctfu - TRAO DOI 001 MOfI PHl/ONG PHAP DAY VA HOC Nham nang cao chat lu'dng dao tao TrUdng Dai hoc Kinh te Cong nghiep Long An • ThS PHAM DTEP BA (*) TOM TAT Doi mdi chuang trinh ddo tgo Dgi hoc, Cao ddng (DH CD) phdi di ddi vdi ddi mdi phuang phdp day vd hpc theo hudng phdt huy tu sdng tgo vd ndng luc tu hpc ciia ngudi hpe ldm chd kien thicc trdnh nhdi nhet hoc vet, hpc chay Phuang phdp dgy vd hpc DH, CD la tdng hap cdc cdeh thirc hogt ddng tucmg tdc dupe diiu ehinh cua gidng vien vd sinh viin Trong hogt ddng dgy Id chu dgo, hogt dpng hpc la tu gide, tich cue, tu lue vd sdng tgo nhdm gdp phdn ddo tgo dpi ngu cdn bd khoa hpe ~ ky thudt cdn bd qudn ly, cdn bp nghiep vu chdt luang eao Tie khda: Ddi mdi, phuang phdp day vd hoc ndng cao chdt lupng Dgi hpc Kinh te Cdng nghiep Long An, SUMMARY University & College training program renovation must be coupled with teaching and learning method one towards promoting creative thinking and self - learning capability of students who master avoid filling knowledge and learning by rote, University knowledge, & College teaching and learning method is a combination of interaction ways which are corrected by the lecturers and students In particular, the teaching activities are dominant, the learning activities are voluntary, positive, self-reliant and creative to contribute to training of leehnieal-scientific staff, managerial cadres, professional cadres with high quality Keywords: Renovation, learning and teaching methods, improving the quality, Long An University of Economics- Industry I Dat van de Tu tudng ndl bat dudng ldi ddi mdi cua Dang Cdng sdn Viet Nam la lay ngudi lam trung tam chien lupc dn dinh va phat trien kinh te xa hdi theo dinh hudng XHCN, dieu kien mdi Ddng da xac dinh: "Ciing vdi khoa hgc vd cdng nghe, giao due va dao tao la qudc sdch hang dau nham nang cao dan tii, dao tao nhan lyc, bdi dudng nhan tai Phuong hudng ehung ciia ITnh vyc giao due, dao tao nam nam tdi Id phdt trien ngudn lire dap img yeu cau edng nghiep hda, hien dai hda " [4-107] Ngudn lye ngudi dugc hpp bdi nhieu yeu td, nhung yeu td ca ban nhat xet ve mat hieu qud hoat ddng la nang lyc sang tao lao dpng Yeu td chi cd the dat dupe khai thac va phat huy manh me su nghiep giao dye vd ddo tao Nhdn thuc sau sac vai trd cua sir nghiep giao dye vd ddo tao ddi vdi qua trinh phdt tnen ciia dat nudc Dang va Nha nudc ludn khang dinh: day manh hon nu'a su nghiep giao due, ddo tao, khoa hpe vd cdng nghe, coi dd la qudc sdch hdng ddu de phdt huy nhdn td ngudi, dpng lyc true tiep eiia sy phat trien "Ciing vdi xu the toan cau hda, dat nudc ta dang budc vdo thdi ky mdi vd can cd mpt dpi ngii can bd tri thirc cd dii phdm chat, nang lyc de dap img cho sy phdt trien manh me eua cdch mang khoa hpc cdng nghe Vi vdy, nen giao dye d nudc ta can phdn dau de dat dupe mue tieu la: lam cho he thdng Dai hpe nudc ta thich iing vd dap ung yeu cau cua nen kinh te hang hda nhieu thdnh phdn, van hanh theo CO che thi trudng cd sy quan iy cua Nha nudc theo dmh hudng xa hdi chii nghTa; dap iing nhu cdu tang nhanh sd luong, bdo dam chat luong ddo tao nham thda man thi trudng sue lao dpng, phyc vii sy nghiep cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda dat nudc dieu kien ngudn lyc han hep; thyc hien tung budc yeu cdu (*) GVTrworng OH KTCN LA TAP CHI KINH TE - CONG NGHTEP NGHIEN Ctfu - TRAO DOI ve cdng bang xa hdi tao them co hdi hgc Dai hpe eho ngudi ngheo, cac ddi tupng chinh sach va ngudi d vung khd khan" [2] Theo quan diem cua Bd Giao dye & Dao tao; "Van de ed tinh nguyen tae cua ngudi day va ngudi hpc (ddi vdi cac mdn kinh te) la phai nam viing nguyen ly cua Kinh t^ Chinh tri Mac-Lenin lam dinh hudng de tiep thu ed chgn Igc nhirng tri thuc cua Kinh te hpc" "ciing nhu cua cac mdn kinh te chuyen nganh, de phyc vy cho dudng loi phat trien cua ddt nude".[6] Bd Gido due va Ddo tao cdn chi dao; " tap trung cho cdng tdc chuyen mdn, giao cdc de tai khoa hgc ve ddi mdi phuong phdp gidng day, td chirc hdi thao, ttao ddi kinh nghiem ve phuong phap giang day timg mdn hge mpt truang hoac khoi trudng, timg budc xay dyng phucmg phap giang day bd mdn phii hgp vdi ddi tugng, nganh nghe ddo tao." [7] Trong thyc te, edn tdn tai sinh vien each hgc ddi phd Nhieu smh vien cho rang nhung mdn hgc dai cuong, nhihig mdn hgc thudc khdi kien thiic ca bdn ndi ehung thi cd hpe hay khdng hgc ciing khdng anh hudng gi den viec ldm sau nay, mien thi qua Id dupe Sinh vien chua thay dupe vai trd quan trgng cua cdc mdn hpc duoc van dung vao eac mdn hgc ehuyen nganh Nhieu sinh vien khdng thay rang, ngdy nay, xa hpi dang ddi hdi "cae sinh vien tdt nghiep phai cd kien thiic tuang ddi rdng de thieh nghi vdi nen kinh te thi trudng nhimg nam cudi the ky XX, ddng thdi phdi cd tiem nang vung de vira ed kha nang chuyen ddi nghe nghiep, vua thuan Ipi hgc tap tiep tyc de nam bat dugc cdc thay ddi eiia khoa hpe cdng nghe tien tien tren the gidi".[ I -92] Nhirng yeu cdu dang doi hdi "Qua trinh dao tao d Dai hpc la mgt he thdng phirc tap va ed tinh dac thu, duge dac trung bdi tinh da dang phong phu eiia cdc trang thai, cae mdi lien he vd quan he He thdng duoc td chuc, dieu khien va dupe xac dinh nhd muc tieu, nhiem vy dao tao can bd - chuyen gia ed trinh dp Dai hpc, su tien bd eiia khoa hpc, cdng nghe, sy phdt trien cua kinh te - chinh Iri - xa hdi cd lien quan chat che vdi nd" [1-171], Nhu vdy, mudn khai thac va phat huy tot ngudn lyc ciia xa hdi, cua dia phuong thi phai ddu tu dimg miie cho sy nghiep giao due va dao tao vdi y nghia: (Anh - Sinh vien Khoa Kien true xay dung nghiin cmi mo hinh hpc tap) dau tu cho gido due va ddo tao Id ddu tu cho su phai trien nhanh vd ben vitiig Khai niem cong cu Phuong phdp day; la each thiic hoat dpng cua giang vien de truyen dat cho sinh vien ndi dung tri due vd td chirc dieu khien hoat ddng nhan thiic va thyc tien cua sinh vien nham dat dupe muc dich day hpc Phuang phdp hgc: Id each thuc hoat dpng cua sinh vien dudi su chi dao su pham cda giang vien moi each ty giac, tich cue, ty lue ITnh hdi ndi dung tri due vd td chiic ty dieu khien qua trinh nhdn va hoat dpnj thyc tiln ciia ban than nham dat duoc muc dich ciia viec hpc Vdy, ed the hieu: phucmg phdp day vd hpc Dai hpe, Cao dang la tdng hprp cdc cdch thuc hoat dong tuong tac dupe dieu chinh cda giang vien va sinh vien do; - Phuang phap day va hpc gdn lien vdi nganh, nghe dao tao d trudng, gSn lien vdi thyc tien va su phdt tnen eua khoa hpc cdng nghe - Phuang phdp day vd hpc ngdy cdng tiep can voi l nghien cuu va ung dung khoa hpc, phdt huy cao tinh tu gidc, tich cue, dpc lap, sdng tao ciia sinh vien mdt each da dang, phong phu DiSu lai thay doi theo tung trudng, dac thu cda bp mdn, dihu kien va phuong tien day hpc, dac di^m nhdn each cua giang vien, sinh vien, van hda hpc dudng - Phuang phdp day vd hpc ngdy cdng gan lien vdi cdc thiet bi va cdc phuong tien day hpc hien dai Nhu vdy, nhiem vu cua ngudi gidng vien Dai hoc, Cao dang Id phdi lua chpn vd van dung phdi hgrp mot TAP CHI KINH TE - CONG NGHIEF I'll' NGHIEN Ctfu - TRAO DOl ;dch tdi uu cdc phuang phap day hpc phu hgp vdi cdc idc diem tien qua ttinh giang day Nd chinh Id iu bieu hien eua nghe thudt tiong phuong phdp day roc gdp phdn ndng cao chat lucmg vd hieu qud day vd ipe d trudng Dai hgc, Cao dang Thuc trang Budc vao the ky 21 tirdi hinh chung cua thd gidi 3d ddt nen gido due cua nudc ta nhung thach thuc tdn lao vd vdi thye te cua Trudng Dai hpc Kinh t§ ong nghiep Long An thi chung ta cdn phdi phan dau lieu hon niia Mpt ttong nhihig han che cua nhieu trudng hien lay la ndi dung, chuong ttinh phuang phap giao dye ;dn lac hdu, chdm dupe ddi mdi, cdn nang tinh hdn ldm, kinh vien, thien ve ly thuyet, it thye hanh, chua ^an bd vdi thye tien, thieu cac kien thirc ung dung, ;d bp mdn chua van dyng ky nang mem vd thieu :dc phuang phdp ren luyen tu Cy the, nhieu gidng vien chii yeu su dung phucmg phdp gidng bdi ttuyen thdng, theo kieu thdng bao tai hien vd thdng odo ddng loat O giang vien chi chii trpng tdi viec ;ung cdp thdng tin day du ttong khudn khd chucmg oinh cua sach gido khoa, cd gang lam cho sinh vien -lieu bdi tien ldp Phuang phdp day vd hgc ndy dd dugc phe phdn so net the hien bdi viet cua nguyen Thii tudng Pham Vdn Ddng, cd v^n BCHTW khda VIII: "Thdi tian gdn ddy, tdi cd den dy ldp d mpt sd trudng, cdt i/eu la de nghe giang cua thdy, phai ndi rang tdi ngac gihien cao dp luc chi nghe thdy noi trd chep rgan mpt tieng ddng hd, khdng nghe thay gidng, ciing (hdng nghe ddi thoai giira thay va trd, Tdi dugc biet • j mpt sd trudng khac, phuong phdp giang day ciing :d tinh hinh tuong ty Tim hieu them mdt sd trudng di rdt vui, dupe biet cdch gidng va hpc d day cd tien ,00 hon, hien dai hon; thay ggi y de tro suy nghT, thdy leu tinh hudng cd van de de thao ludn, tranh luan, -im cdch xu ly tdt nhdt; thay gidi thieu cac loai sach ua trd phdi dgc Ngudi ta cdn cho tdi biet phucmg i)hdp ndy cd xu the ddn ddn phd bien Tuy nhien tinh ,,ainh chua phai dang yen tdm, bdi Ie each giang day )hdn Idn thudc ve ngudi thdy cd tam huyet, cd trinh i d su pham vd cd kien thiic nghe nghiep ca ve ly i.huyet vd thuc hanh".[3-19] I Ong cdn chi ra: "Tuc ngii cd cdu "khdng thay dd 'jidy ldm nen", cung cd cdu "hgc mdt biet mudi" E Dieu cd y nghia Id chung ta biet quy tipng ngudi thdy, nhung ddng thdi eung biet vi tri quan trpng cua ngudi hpc, cd the ndi cue ky quan tipng cua ngudi hpc" [3-20] Vdi phuong phap do, gidng vien dd thuc hien thdng tin mpt chieu, dat ngudi hgc vao mpt khudn man vdi mpt thdi quen thy ddng dd Id ghi chep vd hpc thudc long Viec lam dan den hdu qud Id sinh vien it cd co hdi ddng nao, it cd sy tham gia thao tdc cua tu vd khdng phdn hdi dung Iuc cdn thiet thdng tin hai chieu, han che su cp sat ddi chieu, chpn lpc thdng tin Tir do, da phan hpc sinh, sinh vien bi budc vdo mot thdi quen Id dat het Idng tin, y lai, trdng chd vdo "thdy"; thdy ndi ldm sao, viet the ndo; "trd" ciing nghe nhu vdy, chep nhu the, han che ndng lyc sang tao, ky ndng thuc hdnh vd khd nang thich ling nhanh vdi nhiing thay ddi cdng viec vd ddi song xa hpi Trudc sy gia tang kien thuc cd ve khdi lugng vd chat lugng, ve tdc vd pham vi dnh hudng thi cdch ndng cao chdt lugng ddo tao neu ehi dya vao kien thirc se gap nhieu bi ddng, khd dat dugc muc tieu ddo tao ngudi Dac biet la ttong thdi dai bung nd cda each mang khoa hpc - cdng nghe vdi dac tnmg Id sy thay ddi rdt nhanh vd quy md ngdy cang rpng ldn Do dd, edn chu ttgng, tham chi phdi dat len hdng ddu ve phuang phdp ddo tao theo hudng biet dat vdn de vd biet ty gidi quyet vdn de tten co sd phdt huy tinh chil dpng, sang tao cua mdi giang vien va sinh vien Trudng Dai hgc Kinh te Cdng nghiep Long An Di ddi vdi sy phat ttien cda kinh te tti thue, trudc sy khung hoang kmh te toan cau, ng edng , vdi dp lyc cda canh tranh thi tm the quyet dinh su dat Id ndng lyc tri thiic vd kha nang sang tao cua bdn thdn Nhd trudng xep loai hgc sinh theo ket qua hgc tap, xd hdi xep loai cd nhdn mdi ngudi theo hieu qud giai quyet vdn de Vdi cdch dat vdn de nhu vdy, ddi mdi each day vd hgc dang Id sy ddi hdi cap thiet mang tinh todn cdu Xet ve myc tieu day hgc, nira the ky qua ngudi ta thudng ndi den ba muc tieu cdn dat dugc la "nhdn thiic", "tac ddng" va "ky nang" Nhung hien chung ta thudng chi chii y tdi muc tieu nhan thuc Va myc tieu nay, vdn da cd sdu bdc Id "biet", "hieu", "dp dyng", "phan tich", "tdng hpp", "ddnh gid" thi chung ta ciing chi mdi chu y vd cd gang dat TAP CHf KINH TE - CONG NGHIEP Bl NGHIEN Ctfu - TRAO DOI cac muc tieu nhdn thirc bdc thap la biet vd hieu Hon the, dieu dang Io ngai Id cd mdt bd phan hpc sinh, sinh vien thieu y chi vuan len hpc tap vd tu duong, ngai khd khan gian khd, chay theo Idi sdng thyc dyng Ngoai vai trd gidng vien, sach giao khoa cung ed mpt vi tti quan trpng, Dd Id mdt nhiing ngudn cung cap thdng tin cho ngudi hpc The nhung, nhin chung da phdn "sdch" dugc viet qua qua trinh soi roi, due ket tu thuc tien vd mdt sach da dupe in, qua nhieu nam luu hdnh, tai ban thi thyc tien cung tien xa han, sinh ddng them budc nija va kien thire ttong sach trd nen lac hdu kha xa so vdi thyc tai phong phii ngoai ddi Ndi rieng ve "giao trinh chuan Qudc gia", da phan sinh vien cho rdng sach viet qua dai, nang ve ly luan trim tugng rat khd hieu va sach dugc viet cho ngudi day, qud cao xa so vdi trinh nhdn thuc ciia smh vien De xudt gidi phap doi moi phuong phdp day vd hpc tai Truong Dai hoc Kinh te Cdng nghiep Long An Ngdy nay, khoa hpc su pham da cho thay, each tdt nhat de hinh va phdt trien nang luc nhdn thiic, nang lyc sang tao ciia ngudi hgc Id dat hg vdo vi tri chu the ciia boat dpng nhan thuc, thdng qua ty luc, tu giac, tich eye cua ban than de chiem ITnh kien thirc Vdi khoa hgc su pham nay, ngudi hgc chiem vi tti trung tam qua trinh day hpc, Cdn giang vien cd chiie nang td chiic ldp hpc theo hudng nang dpng, sir dung tdng hgp cae phucmg tien giang day tich eye nham kich thich ddng ca hgc tap ciia ngudi hgc, trang bi cho hp kien thue va day eho hp each hpc, khoi day d noi hg chiic nang tu logic va vuon tdi tu ly luan, Ngudi hpe de Idm dugc viec nay, trudc het khdng nen nhin nhdn sinh vien vdi tu each Id "trd" Mac du trudc ddy, cac sinh vien cdn la nhirng hpc smh phd thdng trung hoc, la nhung ngudi vdng tay au yem cua cha - me, nhung hp la ngudi dang va se lam chii tuong lai cda chinh minh Ngudi ke thira va quyet dinh van menh, tuong lai ciia dat nudc Nhu vay, sinh vien la ngudi ldn di hpc Vdi ngudi idn, qua trinh hpc la qua trinh cung Iiic vira tiep nhdn vira ddi chieu thdng tin vdi nhiing gi ma ban than da biet lai vua soi rgi, cp sat cdc ngudn thdng tin tten be rpng vdi thyc tien khach quan; vira cd gang xdc dinh xu hudng van ddng ttong tirong laj cua nd, ludng tinh hieu qua van dyng thong tm ay thyc tien Viec Idm dd ten luyen chohg ky nang ty than hp biet cdn thi chd ddng quy neip, dien dich thdng tin, thdy ehua can hoac khong edn nira thi chu ddng xd tin Mpt mdn hpc mdi, mot thdng tin mdi den vdi hp nhu mpt chdn trdi mdi dang he md, Nhung, chdn trdi ay cd ndm ttong tdm ng^ cua ngudi hgc hay khdng, dieu ay lai cdn phu thuoc vao nang lyc thao tac tu cua chinh ban than ngudi hpe Nhu thi cho thdy, qua trinh hpc cua sinh vien phai Id qud trinh logic giua day vd hpc De vimg vang tren buc giang, ngudi lam "thay" duoc trang bi kien thiJc "phuong phap gidng day Dai hpc, Cao ddng", thi khdng Ie nao ngudi Idm "trd" lai khdng dugc trang bj kiln thuc "phuong phdp hgc Dai hpc, Cao dang", diem den cua sy cdng muc tieu ddo tao la sy ket hgp nhuan iihuyen giua day va hgc, giiia thay vd trd, Vdl trdi nghiem thyc tien chdng tdi khong the khdng cd nhung uu tu, tran trd vi "ddi mdi" la qua trinh chuyen hda ca ve mat xa hdi vd tu duy, tu true quan sinh ddng den tu trim tugng, tir tu tniu tugng den thyc tien, la eon dudng bien chiing ciia nhdn thuc, Nhu vay, "ddi mdi" ciing se bat nguon til' nhdn thirc den hanh ddng vd tit hanh ddng lai diic ket lai nhan thiic d tam cao mdi Viec lam ddng thdi vira mang tinh biic phd, vira mang tinh ke thua chat lpc Ddi mdi, khdng cd nghia la lam Iai tii ddu, rii bd sach tron theo cdch hieu dan thudn la pha di, bd di, ldm lai, Quan diem ciia giao due hien dai; ngudi hpc laly tdn tai ciia ngudi day, Id chii the cua qua trinh day hge, ngudi day Id tdc nhan cda qua trinh Hpc la xual phdt diem de thiet ke day va tiep de thiet ke dao tao, bdi dudng giao vien Viec nay, thudng gan lien vdl each hieu "phuang phdp gidng day hien dai" Cho dil ed the cdn nhieu each hieu va each ggi khac nhau, the nhung tat cd eae each ggi dd deu cd chung mpt kieu day vd hpc Id lay ngudi hpc lam tmng taffl cua qua trinh su pham, Dd la, cung liic vira phat buy mdt each tdi da kien thuc tdng hap, nang khieu cua gidng vien ket hgp vdi kha nang nhdn thuc, trinh dp thuc tien cua ngudi hpc Cung liic, cac kieu day phai thoa man cho eac kilu hoe Hoac ndi mpt each khac, TAP CHi KINH TE - CONG NGHIEf ea NGHIEN CUtf - TRAO DOl ng qud trinh su pham ngodi viec giang vien truyen kien thuc phdi nhdm vao viee phat triSn, han e hay danh thiie mpt vung nao tiong phan "Cira JOHARI"nai bieu thi ban nga mpt nhdn each Ddi moi phuang phdp day vdi phuang phdp giang y hien dai, mdi trudng hpe tap dupe hodn todn cdi ifn Ve yeu td tdm ly, dp dung phuang phdp y ngudi hpc phdi chuyen tir thd bi ddng sang thd u dpng, phdi van dung mot each tdng hop cdc ky ng vdn ed vd khai thac eac nguon vdn sd tnrdng Dt cdeh tri?t de, phai lien tuc dpng nao, tim cdch am luan, dat vdn de, gidi quyet vdn dd trudc dam ing Va ddi khi, de bao ve ehinh kiln hpc vien ed e dua cdc y kien trai nghich voi quan dilm cua thdy va ban Y tudng tid thdnh tinh hudng biic ic can phai dugc gidi quy8t ttong budi hpe Nhu ly, vdi phuong phdp nay, hpe vien dd chuyen each )c tu chd cd gang tiep can van de sang chu dpng quyet vdn de, hpc sau, hpe chat luong vi dpng co than cda ngudi hpc mudn thau hieu vdn de ddt ra, udn tim ddp dn cho tinh hudng De van dung dugc phuong phdp gidng day hien li, thyc hien budi gidng cdng, gido cu tryc lan ludn ed vai ttd quan tipng Cum tir gido cy true lan dugc su dung d ddy nham chi cdc phuang tien it chat dugc sd: dung tiong qud trinh day vd hpc Trudc su tien bd vugt bdc cda cudc cdch mang ; khoa hpe ky thuat - cdng nghe, nhat la linh vuc ing nghe thong tin da tao su bien doi to lan, toan en tten nhieu mat cua ddi sdng xd hpi Ngdy ic phuong tien phue vu eho qua trinh day vd hpe i timg bude dupe hien dai hda Nd khdng chi don dn Id edng eu ttg giup cho qua trinh day vd hpc md )n Id phuong tien cai thien mdi trudng hpc tap, gidp phan cho ca ngudi day vd ngudi hpc, cdi ifn each day va each hpc Hon tfal, mpt van dung tdng hgp va dong bp ic phuong tien giang day hien dai vdo ttong qua inh day vd hpc thi gidng vien va sinh vien se cd eu kien, ca hdi phdt huy tdi da sd Irudng vdn cd pt each Imh hoat, han chl den muc tdi thieu nhihig myet nhupc cua ban thdn Sir dung ddng bd eac luong tien gidng day ndy edng vdi viec dp dyng lUong phap gidng day hien dai thi ngudi hpc dupe In dung tdi da eae ky nang nhan biet thdng tin nhu: lin, nghe, viet, thuc hanh, noi No se giup cho ngudi hpc phdt huy tong hpp cdc ky nang, sd truorng cua nang lyc nhan thiic, nang lyc thao tac tu duy, gdp phdn ren luy?n ky nang, hmh thdnh ky xao, phdt trien tu ly ludn Do ciing chinh la vai tid cua gido cy true quan doi vdi viec van dung phuong phdp gidng day hien dai doi mdi phuang phap day va hpc Vi vay giao cu true quan Id yeu td quan tipng de cdi thien chdt lugng day vd hpc t^i nha trudng nhu: Su dung the ZOPP Sir dung den chieu qua ddu ((Overhead) Sir dung mdy chieu (LCD- mdy chieu da ndng) Su dung Handout Su dimg Flipchatrs Trd chai md phdng Bdng vai (vai dien) lix nhijng phuang tien gidng day hien d^i nhu ke tien da cho chdng ta nhdn thdy: mdt van dyng phuong phap giang day hien dai vdo qua trinh day va hpc, viee su dung, ket hpp nhuan nhuyen cac loai giao cu tryc quan ed vai ttd rat quan tipng, ddng gdp mpt each dac luc cho su cong Vi cung luc nd ket hgp tat cd cdc each hpc - nhin - n ^ e - ndi - thuc hdnh - thao tdc tir - phdt huy tri tue tap the - hoat ddng cd rihan vd hoat dpng nhdm vdi eac each, cae kenh truyen tin ma gidng vien dua thupc vao npi dung yeu cau bai gidng Chi su dung nhudn nhuyin, kit hpp cdc gido cy true quan mdt cdch khoa hpe, chinh la su ket hgp hi$u qud, phu hgp vdi nhung phuang phap co ban ttong cac each day vd hgc cho sinh vien nhu: - Phuang phap thuyet giang (dpc thoai) - Phuong phap phat huy tri tue tap the - Phuong phdp thdo ludn nhdm (seminar) - Phuang phap thye hdnh, thyc tap - Phucmg phap ty hpc, ty nghien cim - Phucmg phap hpi thao khoa hge cda sinh vien Thong qua do, gidng vien vira cung cap dugc thong tin, viia nhdn dupe thdng tin phan hdi diing luc, viia khac phyc dugc nhung khiem khuyet, phat huy nang khieu, sd trudng cda chinh minh; dong thdi phdt huy cd ndng khieu, sd trudng ren luyen ky nang cho sinh vien Trong thdi dai ngdy nay, kien thuc cua nhan loai ndi chung vd moi nganh khoa hpc ndi rieng cang nhieu md khdng mot thdy ndo cd the cung cap het cho sinh vien lugng kien thiic co lien quan den TAP CHI KINH TE - CONG NGHIEP NGIIIEN CUU -TRAO DOI mdn hpc sd tiet hpc han che d tten ldp Cang khdng the cung cdp cho sinh vien mdt lupng kien thiic dl hp cd thi hanh nghe sudt ddi voi sd vdn kien thue dy Xa hdi hien dai ddi hdi mpt nen gido due sudt ddi cho mpi ngudi Ngudi thay d tiudng Dai hpc va Cao ddng phdi hudng cho sinh vien biet cdeh ty hpc la chu ylu, ty tim kiem kien thdc Xa hdi hien dai cung ddi hdi sinh vien tdt nghiep cd dugc nhirng yen edu khdc vdi cac xa hgi trudc ddy Dd khong phdi Id nhung ngudi thdng thudc nhieu kien thirc sach vd md la nhihig eon ngudi nang dpng, biet ludn ludn ty ldm gidu kien thirc, biet van dyng mpt cdeh sang tao nhung kien thiic ay de gidi quyet cac van de dat tiong cudc sdng Vdi nhihig yeu cau nay, dan den phuang phdp truyen tai ndi dung, phuong phap the hien, phuong phdp tiep can he thdng timg mdn hpc cu the cda tung bd mdn, ttong timg gidng vien, cac hgc ky khdc cung se khdc Neu nhu bon tiu cot cda gido dye tiong thi ky XXI UNESCO khuyen cao "hpc de biet", "hpc de lam", "hpc de chung sdng", "hgc de tdn tai" Thi duong nhien cdng cd bdn myc tieu tuong iing eua viee day va hgc, Id: "day de biet", "day de ldm", "day de ehung sdng", "day de tdn tai" Cai khd cda viec doi mdi phuang phdp day - hgc cua chiing ta chinh Id ngudi ta thudng hanh ddng theo each "Id thien" Tiic hpc vd day theo cai cu the, de nhin, de thdy, cdi dd duac dien dat sdn, cd rdi, thdy rdi Trong do, cai cau trdc logic cua su vdt dl biln thdnh cdi cau true thao tdc idi^n thitc eho ngudi hoc lai tilm an nhu Id quang ldng dpng d cdc Idp trim tich Ddi mdi phuang phap day - hpc chinh la^tim cdch khai thac hiru hieu nhung "qudng md" a cac \M tram tich ''^ Luan diem ndy gdp phan pha va quan niem: "D^y gidi la tdi ndng bam sinh eua mpt sd ngudi", ho^c li "neu thdy gioi ve kien thiic chuyen mdn thi thiiy sS day gidi" Vdi thuc te, "(3 My, noi md cac trudng dai hoc nhieu gido su gidi, Idp hgc dugc td chiic theo I6i danh, nam 1987, Gaff khdo sdt 1.642 sinh vien, duan mdt danh muc vdi 30 dieu can dupe ndng cao troni viec gidng day d trudng dai hpc va de nghi hp xip thi ty Sinh vien da xep kien thuc eua thay d cudi dani muc Nhieu gido su da xuat ban nhieu sdch, nhan dutH nhieu tien tdi tig nghien cim de tdi khoa hgc, nhung sl sinh vien ghi danh theo hgc thi rdt it vd nhieu ngudi bl dd mdn hpc cda gido su dy" [2-74,75] Nhu vay vdi khdo sdt ndy edng minh chiing: d^ gidi khdng hodn todn phy thupc vdo kien thiic uyet bdc cua ngudi thdy Su quan ttgng cda kien thiic ehuyen mdn thi khdng phd nhdn, nhtmg mdi chi Id dieu kien edn ehii chua phdi dilu kien dii ii day gidi Qua day, chung ta thdy ddi mdi phuong p h a p ^ va hpc khdng phai la van de gi mdi me ma Id viec Idm thudng xuyen, biic thilt Id viec phdi lam di gdp phdn phat trien thuong hieu cua mgt Tracn| Dai hpe Tdi lieu tham khdo [1] Bd Gido dye va Ddo tao (2003), Bdi mdi phuang phdp dgy - hpc a Bgi hpe vd Cao dang Ky yluH thdo Ha Npi i [2] Bp Trudng Bd Gido due va Ddo tao, Bdo cdo Hoi nghi ddo tgo Dgi hpc ngdy J14-1998 tgi Hd NgiA [3] Dang Cong san Viet Nam (1988), Vdn kien Bgi hdi Dgi biiu todn quoc ldn thir VI, NXB Sy Ht, I [4] Dang Cdng san Viet Nam (1996), Vdn kien Bgi hdi Bgi biiu todn quoc lan thir VUI, NXB Chinh I Qudc gia, HdNpi [5] Nguyen Viet Tung, "Tiing chudng bdo ddng vi dgo due sinh vien ", Bao Thanh Nien sd 168 thang nam 2003 [6] Vdn bdn sd 5186/BH-CB ngdy 20-6-1998 cua Bd Gido due vd Bdo tgo [7] Vdn bdn sd 6270/BH-CB ngdy 21-7-2004 cua Bd Gido due vd Ddo tao Ngay nhan: 20/7/2013 Ngay duygt dang: 01/8/2013 TAP CHI KINH TE - CONG NGI ... tinh chil dpng, sang tao cua mdi giang vien va sinh vien Trudng Dai hgc Kinh te Cdng nghiep Long An Di ddi vdi sy phat ttien cda kinh te tti thue, trudc sy khung hoang kmh te toan cau, ng edng... mdi, cdn nang tinh hdn ldm, kinh vien, thien ve ly thuyet, it thye hanh, chua ^an bd vdi thye tien, thieu cac kien thirc ung dung, ;d bp mdn chua van dyng ky nang mem vd thieu :dc phuang phdp... viec giang vien truyen kien thuc phdi nhdm vao viee phat triSn, han e hay danh thiie mpt vung nao tiong phan "Cira JOHARI"nai bieu thi ban nga mpt nhdn each Ddi moi phuang phdp day vdi phuang phdp