TAP CHi KHOA HQC BAI HQC V A N LANG Nguyin Thj Kim Thuy GIAI P H A P G I A M T Y L E H O C SINH B O H Q C T H O N G Q U A C O N G T A C G I A O V I E N C H U N H I E M T A I TRU''''OfNG T R U N G CAP K Y[.]
TAP CHi KHOA HQC BAI HQC V A N LANG Nguyin Thj Kim Thuy GIAI P H A P G I A M TY LE H O C SINH BO H Q C T H O N G Q U A C O N G T A C G I A O V I E N C H U N H I E M T A I TRU'OfNG T R U N G C A P K Y T H U A T V A NGHIEP V U N A M SAI G O N SOLUTIONS ON REDUCING RATIO OF DROP-OUT STUDENTS BY BUSINESS OF CHARGING TEACHERS IN VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE OF NAM SAI GON NGUYEN THf KIM THUYO TOM TAT: Vdn di hpc sinh bo hgc & Tru&ng Trung cdp Ky thugt vd Nghipp vu Nam Sdi Gdn dnh hu&ng khong tdt din hieu sudt ddo tgo ciia nhd tru&ng vd chdt lugng ddo tgo ngudn nhdn luc phuc vu cho xa hpi Vi vgy, viic nghiin cicu thyc trgng vi ty Ip hpc sinh bd hpe vd mice dp thyc hiin vai trd, chue ndng, nhiem vu eua gido viin chu nhipm nham tim ede yeu tS dnh huang vd nguyen nhdn ddn din viic bd hpc cita hgc sinh vS eiing cdn thiet Tren ca s& do, chung toi de xudt mpt sS gidi phdp thong qua cSng tdc gido vien chd nhiem nhu phdt huy tinh tich eye, vai tro tham vdn tdm ly hpc sinh gap khd khdn, phdi hgp chat che v&i cdc luc lugng vd ngodi nhd truang, quan tdm theo doi, giup da kip thai nhirng hgc sinh hgc tap yiu kem, nhdm gdp phdn ldm gidm ty li hpc sinh bd hpc tgi Tru&ng Trung cdp Ky thugt vd Nghipp vu Nam Sdi Gon > Tu khda: hgc sinh bo hpc, cdng tdc gido viin chd nhiem, gidi phdp gidm ty li bo hpc ABSTRACT: Issue of drop out students in Vocational and Technical college of Nam Sai Gon has negative effect on educational efficiency of the school and educational quality of human resource Therefore, it is necessary to research drop-out student ratio and the extent of task, function, role implementation of responsible teacher to figure out affecting factors and the reasons of dropout On that basis, we suggest some solutions through responsible teacher works such as promote the proactivity, mental consulting role of student in difficulty, closely cooperate with other parties, give interest and attention, and prompt support to students with bad performance in order to reduce ratio of dropout in Vocational and Technical college of Nam Sai Gon Keywords: drop-out student, responsible teacher works, solution on reducing ratio of drop -out student DAT V A N D E Hipn nay, hpc sinh bd hpc chiem ty Id khd eao d cae tiirdng dgy nghd, co Trudng Trung cdp Ky thudt va Nghidp vu Nam Sai Gdn Hpc sinh bd hpe vi nhidu nguydn nhan nhu: hoan cdnh gia dinh khd khdn, vide dinh hudng nghd nghidp cua phy huynh hpc sinh chua tdt, dpng ca hpc tap '•* CN Trudng Tmng cap K? thu^t va Nghidp vy Nam Sai Gon Email: kimlhuy@namsaigon.edu.v 133 TAP CHI KHOA HQC BAI HQC V A N LANG cua hpc sinh ehua eao, hoac ban thdn hpc sinh, tiong do, cd ed nguyen nhdn td hidu qua cda edng tde gido vidn ehu nhidm Trong nhirng nam qua, vipc thyc bidn edng tdc chd nhipm da nh§n dupe su chi dao cua cac cap, nganh cung vdi sy lanh dao cda dpi ngu lam cdng tac qudn ly gido dye Song, ndng lye cda dpi ngii gido vidn dupe phan cdng lam cdng tde chd nhidm chua ddng ddu, mpt sd giao vidn ehu nhidm chua toan tam todn ^ phyc vy cho sy nghidp gido due, chua nd lyc het minh ndn hidu qud ttong cdng tac chu nhipm chua eao Ridng ddi vdi Trudng Trung cap Ky thugt va Nghiep vy Nam Sai Gdn, bdn cgnh nhung thugn Ipi nhat dinh, vln eon nhidu khd khdn, dgc biet td phia chu quan eua giao vidn chu nhidm vd khaeb quan td xa hpi Mdt sd gido vidn chd nhidm thidu kinh nghidm, chua thyc hidn hdt tiach nhidm vd vai tid, chuc ndng, nhidm vy cda ngudi giao vien chu nhidm Vide tim hidu hpe sinh eua mpt sd giao vien chd nhidm chi ddng Igi tien sd sach, chua di sau vdo hodn canh thyc td cda tiing em, ddc bipt la nhung hpe sinh cd bidt dd cd nhung bidn phdp udn ndn kjp thdi Hinh tiidc td chdc tidt sinh hogt ehd nhiem chua phong phu, hap dan, Idi cudn hpc sinh, cdn mang ngng hinh thdc ddnh gia, phd binh lam cdng thdng tiet sinh boat Idp Cdng tac tham vdn tdm ly hpc sinh gap khd khdn trd nggi hpe t|.p, euOc sdng ehua dupe giai quyet thudng xuyen td phia giao vien ehu nhiem Vi thd, vide hpc sinh bd hpc van chidm ty I§ eao, ddc bipt d hpc sinh trung hpc ea sd di hpc nghe Xudt phdt td thuc trgng tien, vide nghidn cdu cde giai phap gidm ty Id hpe S6 03/2017 sinh bd hpc thdng qua cdng tae gido vidn chd nhiem la rdt cdn thidt vd cd y nghTa thyc tien cao bdi cdnh bidn PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU 2.1 Phirong phdp nghidn ciru 1^ lu^n Tien hdnh phdn tich cac tdi lieu, cdng trinh nghidn cuu cd lien quan ddn van dd bd hpc cua hpe sinh lam tidn dd cho vide xay dyng CO sd ly ludn cua vide nghien edu 2.2 Phu-ong phdp nghien cu-u thuc tien Phuang phdp dieu tra bdng bdng hdi: Bang hdi dupe xdy dyng dudi dang phieu thdm dd '^ kidn ddnh eho hpc sinh, gido vidn chu nhidm, phy huynh hpe sinh cac Idp nhdm Idm ro thye ttgng bd hpc eda hpc sinh tgi nha trudng Phuang phdp quan sdt: Quan sdt cac qua trinh bpc tap, hogt ddng cua hpc sinh de ghi nhgn viec giao vidn chu nhidm thirc hi^n vai ttd, nhidm vy, chdc nang nhdm gidm ty Ip hpe sinh bd hpc thdng qua cac gidi phap da de xuat Phuang phdp chuyin gia: Ngudi nghien cuu lua chpn cde giai phdp tidu bieu tien hdnh khdo nghidm tinh cdn thidt vd kha thi cua giai phdp Phuang phdp thyc nghiem: Chpn hai Idp hp trung hpc ca sd thupc nganh Thdm my sac dep dd tidn hdnh thuc nghipm gdm nhdm ddi chdng va nhdm thyc nghiem Ddi vdi nhdm thue nghidm tac dpng bdng giai phdp dd de xudt Trdn ca sd chdng minh gidi phap dd xuat gidm ty Id hpc sinh bo hpc cd hidu qud Phuang phdp thdng ki: Phuong phap nham Idm sang td nhdng du lidu cua cdc phidu quan sat va cae phidu didu tta bdng bang hdi Cdc thdng tin thu thgp se dupe phdn tich, djnh lupng vd dupe xd Ii TAP CHI KHQA HQC BAI HQC V A N LANG bang phdn mdm Excel vdi nhiing gid tii nhu: ti Id phan tidm, tan so, lam ea sd de bmh luan sd lieu thu dupe td phuang phdp didu tta bdng bang hdi vd phuong phdp quan sat THV'C T R ^ N G VE TY LE HQC SINK BO HQC VA C N G T A C GIAO VIEN c H t N H I | ; M T^^I T R i r d N G TRUNG C A P KY T H U A T V A N G H I | P VV NAM SAI GON 3.L Ty Id hpc sinh bd hpc Chung tdi dd khdo sdt va thu thdp sd lieu tai Trudng Trung cdp Ky thudt vd Nghidp vu Nam Sdi Gdn ve ty Id hpc sinh he trung ca sd bd bpe ttong ba nam hpc gdn day vdi kdt qua nhu sau: III XD l|di • 2(I13-2[]I4 ?% L l % • 21)l4-2(ili IV-f, 7% :20I5-2[II6 22% 20'!i, tk DL 4% 23% 14% L)>ci Hi"-,i : i - % W^ ir , 17% 2(i% Hinh Ty 1? hgc sinh bo hgc giQa cac nam Ghi chii: CKXD : Ca xdy dimg; CKDL: Ca dgng luc: TMSD Thdm mp sdc dqp: CNTT- Cong ngh0 thong lin Kdt qua Hinh cho thay, hpc sinh bd hpc d cdc nam hpc chiem ty le kha cao va tdp trung ddu d cdc nganh nghe Trong ba nam hpc, t^ Ip bd hpe cua bpc sinh vdn khdng cd ehidu hudng suy gidm, thdm chi cdn chidm t^ 1? cao ban so vdi nam hpc trudc Cy thd ndm hpc 2015-2016, nganh Nguyin Thj Kim Thuy Tham my sac dep, Cdng nghd tiidng tin ed ty Id hpe sinh bd bpe cao hon nam hpc 2014-2015 Ngdnh Du lich ty 1^ hpe sinh bd hpe ndm 2015-2106 cao ban nam hpc 2014-2015 ddn 13% Didu chdng td cdng tdc ddm bao hieu sudt dao tgo tgi nhd trudng chua eao Hpe sinh bo hpc rdt nhidu nguydn nhan nhu tae dpng tu nha trudng, gia dinh, xa hdi vd cbinh ban tiian hpc sinh khdng chiu bpc, khdng dam me nghe nghiep dd lya chpn, Dde bidt, ddi vdi hpc sinh he trung hpe ea sd, cde em dudi 18 tudi nen tdm sinh Jy edc em chua dn dinh, gay anh hudng it nhidu ddn edng tdc gido dye va dao tao tai nhd trudng 3.2 Muc dQ th^c hidn vai trd, chih: ndng, nhi|m vy cua gido vien chu nhidm 3.2.1 Mii'C dp thuc hien vai tro cua gido viin chu nhiSm Ket qua khao sat tu 300 hpc sinh, 50 giao vidn ehu nhidm, 100 phy huynh hpe sinh cho thdy, mde dd thuc hidn vai trd cda gido vidn chu nhidm vdn cdn ban che Giao vidn chu nhiem ehua the hien hdt tiach nhiem eua minh, dge bidt mpt sd vai ttd tde ddng den van dd gidm ty Ip bpc sinh bd hpc Vi dy nhu chi co 47,67% -y kidn hpe sinh va 52% gido vidn cbo rdng gido vidn chd nhipm thudng xuydn thyc hidn vai trd tham van tam ly Ddi vdi vai ttd "Id cdu noi gida gia dinh, nha trudng, xa h^i" thi 34,67% hpc sinh va 42% giao vidn cho rdng giao vien chu nhidm chi thinh thoang lidn hf vdi gia dinh, nhd trudng, xa hpi Cung cd nhiing vai trd gido vien ehu nhi^m thyc hien kha tdt nhu qudn ly ldp chd nhidm, cd van cdng tae Doan, Ddi cho tsip thd hpc sinh d ldp chd nhidm, vai trd giao TAP CHi KHOA HQC BAI HQC V A N LANG due y thdc, thai dp, dao ddc eho bpc sinh, vai tto ddnh gia ket qua gido due bpc sinh 3.2.2 Muc M ihg-c hiin nhiem vu cua gido vien chd nhiem Da sd hpc sinh eho rdng, gido vien ehu nhidm tim hidu va ndm vdng hpc sinh Idp chu nhiem ehidm 62% d mue thudng xuydn vd 64% gido vidn cho rang d mde thudng xuyen Gido vidn chd nhidm chu ddng phdi hpp vdi cdc gido vien bO mdn, gia dinh, Doan trudng ttong hogt ddng giang dgy vd gido due hpe sinh cua Idp d mdc thudng xuydn it ban nhidm vu dd nghi khen thudng vd k;^ ludt hpe sinh Nhidm vy phdi hop vdi cac lyc lupng ttong va ngodi trudng dupe hpe sinh danh gid 63,33%i vd 58% gido vidn eho rang nhiem vu thuc * hidn thudng xuydn Nhiem vu gido vidn chd nhiem the hipn d chd bp Id cau ndi gida tgp the hpc sinh vdi cdc td chdc vd ngoai nha trudng Hidu qud eda cdng tdc chu nhiem phu thudc rdt nhieu vdo cdc gidi phap thyc hidn lien kdt giao dye vdi cac td chdc xd hpi, gido vidn bp mdn nhdm phdt huy cd hidu qud tidm nang cua cdc lyc lupng, cde td chdc, ca nhan vdo cdng tdc giao dye hpe sinh 3.2.3 Mu^c dp thuc hien chuc nang ciia gido viin chii nhiim Kbi dupe khdo sdt, sd hpc sinh cho rdng, giao vien chii nhiem thudng xuyen quan tdm gidp dd hpc sinh ca biet chiem ty Ip 55,67% d mde thudng xuydn vd 38%o d mdc thinh thoang Van cdn ty Id td 6%38% gido vien vd hpc sinh nhdn dinh, giao vien ehu nhidm van chua quan tam nhidu den hpe sinh cd bidt, dieu it nhieu dnh hudng ddn qud trinh gido due hpe sinh Chdc nang giao vidn chii nhiem eho thay So 03 / 2017 dupe tac dung cua vide hpc tdp, tu duong ddi vdi hidn tai va tuong lai cua cde em Id can thidt Chuc ndng Igp kd hogeh thang eung can thidt ddi vdi gido vidn ehd nhiem Cd ddn 56,67% hpc sinh ddnh gia chdc nang ndy d muc thudng xuyen va 60% gido vien d mde thudng xuydn Kdt qua khdo sat giao vien eho thdy, giao vidn chd nhiem thuc hien chdc ndng thinh thoang chidm ty Id 36%» va hidm chidm ty le 4%i Nhin ehung, hpe sinh va gido vien nhdn dinh, gido vidn chd nhidm ehua thudng xuyen Igp ke hogeh ehu nbi^m eho tung thang cda ldp chu nhidm dd dam bao tinh he thdng, phat tiien giao dye nhan each hpc sinh Chuc nang phat huy y thuc ty qudn eiia ngudi hpc dupe gido vidn cho rang, chiem ty Id 48% muc dp thudng xuyen va thinh thodng chidm ty Id 44%) Vdn cdn ty le tu 4%-8%) hpc sinh cho rdng, gido vien chu nhidm it thyc hidn chuc ndng ndy Neu gido vidn chd nhidm thyc bifn tdt se gdp phdn bdi dudng ndng lyc ty qudn cho hpc sinh eua ldp 3.3 Yeu to anh hirdng va nguyen nhdn dSn ddn hpc sinh bd hpc 3.3.1 Cdc yeu to anh htr&ng den hoc sinh bo hpc Kdt qud khdo sat cho thdy danh gid cua giao vidn vd yeu td tde dpng den vide bo hpe cda hpc sinh d ty Id khd eao Yeu td dpng ca bpc tap, y thuc thai dp cda hpc sinh anh hudng nhidu den vide bd hpc vdi ty le 77,33 % hpc sinh vd 74% y kidn giao vidn Ngodi ra, long yeu nghd cua hpc sinh eung la mot ttong nhiing ydu td dnh budng den vi^c bd bpe Da sd giao vien vd boc TAP CHI KHOA HQC BAI HQC VAN LANG sinh cho rdng ydu td dnh hudng nhidu, chiem ty Id 81,67% y kidn hpc sinh Kd ddn Id vai ttd hudng nghidp cua nhd trudng cung chidm ty Id kha cao dnh hudng ddn hpc sinh Cd ddn 74,67% -y kidn hpc sinh va 64% ^ kidn giao vidn ddu nhgn dinh d mdc dp dnh hudng nhieu den vide hpc sinh bd hpc Phdn Idn hpc sinh va giao vidn cbo rdng, nhd trudng chua quan tam ddn cdng tac hudng nghidp hodc c6 nhimg chua hipu qua Yeu td gia dinh dnh hudng nhidu ddn vide hpe sinh bd hpc Khi khao sdt hpc sinh ve mue dp dnh hudng ddn hpc sinh bd hpc, cd den 79,67%) nhiin dinh, dnh hudng nhidu va 10,67% anh hudng it Vd phia gido vidn, chdng tdi tidn hdnh tnmg cau