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HUONG DAN QUAN LI SU DUNG DUNG BAN DO TV DUY TRONG DAY HOC VAT LY CAP TRUNG HOC CO SO Pham V i n Bay Trudrng THCS Cam Gidng, Bdc Kgn Trong mdt tilt day hgc Vat ly THCS ndi chung v i dgy hgc mgt tiet V[.]
HUONG DAN QUAN LI SU DUNG DUNG B A N DO TV DUY TRONG DAY HOC VAT LY CAP TRUNG HOC CO SO Pham V i n Bay Trudrng THCS Cam Gidng, Bdc Kgn Trong mdt tilt day hgc Vat ly THCS ndi chung v i dgy hgc mgt tiet Vat ly Idp ndi rieng GV thudng day hgc theo mgt ndi mdn dd la diu tiet hgc ggi mpt vai HS len bing de kiem tia bai cii, dgy kien thiic mdi hay de ciing cd kien thiic vira hgc deu theo he thdng cic ciu hdi ma sich giao khoa Vgt Iy da bien soan Qua trinh cir lap di lap Iai tiong cac gid day din tdi sy nham chin ddi vdi HS, viy GV cin phii cd phuang phip, phuang tien dgy hgc thich hgp giup HS linh hgi tii thiic v i nam bat vin de Mgt tiong nhiing cdng cy hd tig dgy hgc hieu qui hien l i sir dyng B i n tu Su dung thinh thao ban dd tu se giup HS hgc dugc phuong phip hgc tip mdt each tich cyc, huy ddng tdi da tiem nang cua bg nao, tang tinh dgc lap, chu ddng sang tao ciia tu Trong qua trinh day hgc Vat ly Idp phan quang hgc ban tiiin tdi da sii dyng Bin tu tiong cac budc len Idp de tich cyc h o i hogt dgng hgc tap ciia HS Su dung ban dh t u phan k i l m t r a bai cu Vi thai gian kiSm tra bii cii Iiic dau gid khdng nhieu chi khoang - phiit nen yeu ciu cua GV thudng khdng q u i khd, khdng ddi hdi nhieu sy phan tich, so sinh de tii lai cau hdi GV thudng yeu ciu HS tii hien lai mgt phin ngi dung bii hgc bing each ggi HS len bing tii Idi cau hdi GV se cham dilm v i o miic thupc bii ciia HS, Cach lim niy vd tinh de nhieu HS roi v i o tinh tiang hgc vpt, dgc thuge Idng m i khdng hieu Do dd, can phii cd sy thay ddi tiong viec kiem tia, dinh gia nhan thiic ciia HS, yeu ciu dit khdng chi kiem tra "phin nhd" ma can chii trpng den "phin hieu" Cich lim niy vira tiinh dugc viec hgc vet, vira danh gia chinh xic HS, ddng thdi nang cao chit lugng hgc tap Sii dung BDTD vira giup GV kilm'tia dugc phin nhd lin phin hilu cua HS ddi vdi bai hpc cu Cac bin dd dugc GV dua d dang thieu thdng tin, yeu cau HS dien cac thdng tin cdn thieu va nit nhan xet ve mdi quan he cua cic nhinh thdng tin vdi tir khoi trung tim Vi du: Sii dyng ban dd tu vio day bii "Thiu kinh phin ky" Hoat ddng: Kiem tra bai cii - GV dua cau hdi kiem tia rdi chieu len bing, hoac cd the dimg bang phy Sau dd ggi HS len bing lam v i yeu cau ca ldp ciing lim Cau hdi; Em hay hoin thinh so dd tu sau de thiy dugc die dilm anh ciia vat tao bdi thiu kinh hdi tu? HS len bing hoin thinh so dd tu duy, GV cho HS dudi Idp nhin x6t d l cd dugc mdt bin tu hoin chinh ve dac diem inh ciia I vat tao bdi thiu kinh hgi ty nhu sau (Hinh 2): Hinh Nhin xet: O vi dy tien, sii dyng bin dd tu de kiem tra bai cii HS khdng nhiing dugc sing tao theo y minh ma vin the hipn dugc ndi dung bai hgc HS khdng phai nhd kien thtrc may mdc theo diing nhu sich giao khoa ma thyc su ghi nhd theo y hieu ciia minh Tir cic em se nhd dugc liu hon, nim chac kien thiic hon Su dung ban t u phan dat van de vao bai moi Dat van de vao bai chinh la budc din dat HS sang nghien ciiu mdt npi dung kien thirc mdi GV thudng lay yi du la cac hieri tugng thyc te cd hen quan den ndi dung bii hgc hoac cd xuat phat tii ndi dung kiem tia bii cii de dan dat, tao dgng co cho HS sm bdi 29/12/7012 • Np/h' (ft"-^! 4"— ' ' TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC - SO 92 - 04/2013 ' HUONG DAN QUAN LI SU DUNG Budc niy cd tic dyng kich tiiich hiing thii hgc tgp cho HS, giiip HS djnh hudng nhirng ndi dung se hgc tiep theo Vipc sii dyng bin d^ tu vio dgy hpc phin dgt van d€ ciing gdp phan giup cho HS de ding hon tiong khii quit cac nOi dung cua bii hgc, ddng thdi phit huy tinh chii dpng, tich cyc cho HS GV cd tiie gidi thipu bin tu cho HS bii diu tien ciia mpt chuang de HS thay dugc cic npi dung CO bin cua chuang dd Hogc GV cd the dua chii de chinh de HS ty lap ban tu dya tren co sd Ii nhiing hieu biet sin cd, sau dd GV chinh sira, bd sung vi hudng din HS Ian lugt nghien ciiu cic van de Vi dy: Sii dyng ban tu tiong phin dgt van de vao chuang Quang hpc T , ,.y _^ p H j v-^^."^^^! ,.,w.j^-»t-^^N^ ' • j ^ ^ ' ^ ^ ^ ^ M^ thay dugc cic ngi dung chinh cua ci chuang Quang hgc Mat khic ket hgp vdi nhirng hinh inh se lim smh dgng them cho cic ngi dung, giiip HS Uen tudng tdi cic hipn tugng thyc tl mi cac em vin gap hang ngiy, gdp phan tgo hiing thii hgc tip, say me nghien ciiu khoa hgc cho HS Su dung ban 6h tu Hoat dpng: dat van de Trong thyc te chiing ta phan day kien thuc thudng thay mdt sd hien tuang lien quan den anh sang Chang Viec su dung bin dd tu ban idiu: ciu vdng, hipn tugng ta thiy anh cua minh trudc vio qui trinh day hgc khdng guong hay trudc mat nudc, cdn li van de xa Ig vdi cic GV hay tgi ta Iai thiy cic vat Tuy nhien, cic GV thudng cd miu sic khic Tit mdi chi ap dung nhieu vio dgy ci cic hien tugng dd se dugc phan cung cd bai hgc vi dn tip giii thich tiong chuong quang chuang mi it ip dyng vio day hgc Trong chuang niy ta se kien thiic mdi Trong dgy hgc lin lugt nghien ciiu cic ndi kien thiic mdi, GV ciing co dung chinh li: Hipn tugng the sir dyng bin dd tu de khuc xa inh sing; Cic loai ning cao hieu qui giing dgy thau kinh (gdm thau kinh hdi GV cd the gidi thieu ban ty va thiu kinh phin ki); Cic tu d dau bii giing bd phan cua mit, mat can, mit bang viec dua chii de chung lao; Kinh liip; May inh; Cic ciia bii hpc Trong qui trinh loai anh sing vi tie dyng ciia day bii mdi, HS se ddng gdp inh sing (Hinh 3) cic y, cic nhinh de hoin thipn Ban dd tu khai quit bin dd tu Sau dd GV sii nhiing ndi dung ca bin dyng chinh bin dd tu mi HS vira hoin dl cung cd chuong Quang hgc Nhin xet: Vdi vipc sir dyng lai bii hgc Nhu vay, vi^c sii bin tu vio dat van de dyng bin tu vio day nhu d vi dy tien, HS de dang hpc kien thiic mdi se gdp phin 26 • TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 92-04/2013 Hinh giiip HS nhanh chdng nam dugc rigi dung chinh ciia bai bgc, nim chic kien tbuc mot cich cd hp ,thdng, tu dd cic em ghi nhd kien thiic dugc nhanh vi liu hem De ip dyngbin tu vio day hgc kien thiic mdi, GV cd the td chute hoat ddng dgy hgc theo cic buoc CO bin sau: Budc 1: GV dua kien thiic tigng tim cua bii vdi vai tid Ii trung tim cua BDTD Budc 2: Trong qua tiinh trien khai bai, hp thdng BDTD din hoin thien Budc 3: k i t thuc bii hpc, GV sir dyng chinh BDTD da dugc thiet lap tiong qua trinh len ldp de ciing cd bii hpc Vi dy: Sir dung bin dd hr vao dgy bii: "Cic tic dung cua anh sang" GV dua kiln thiic trgng tim cua bai hgc li cic tic dyng cita inh sing, yeu ciu HS tim hilu thdng tin SGK de diln cac nhanh chinh cua ban dd tu (Hinh 4} GV diing hS thdng cau hoi yeu ciu HS hoin thinh timg nhinh dl di din m^t bin tir hoin chmh de cung co bii hgc (Hinh 5) Nhgn x6t: Trong vi dy tien^ GV sii dyng bin dd tir de triln khai ngi dung bii mdi, HUONG DAN QUAN LI S U D U N G dyng bin dd tu tiong day kien thiic mdi vi ciing cd bii hgc se giiip HS nhanh chdng nam dugc y chinh ciia bai hgc, nhd nhanh hon vi lau ban Cd the ndi Bin dd tu thyc su Ii mgt cdng cy huu ich de GV ddi mdi phuang phap dgy hgc vi li mgt cdng cy hiiu hipu de thi siic cho tri tudng tugng va dc sing tgo ciia HS bay nhanh, bay xa ban Hinh ddng thdi su dyng ban tu dd de cung cd kien thiic cho HS.Dieu niy se giup HS nhanh nim dugc kien thiic vi ghi nhd dugc ndi dung bii hpc tgi Idp, tir dd nam viing lain thirc Mat khic, dudi su td chiic vi hudng din cua GV, HS ty xiy dyng, hoan thien bin dd tu gdp phin phit huy tinh tich cyc, chu dgng, sing tao ciia HS ,Cung cd bii hgc li mot budc rat quan tigng tiong tiSn trinh bii giing Budc niy giiip cho HS nhin Iai, he thdng Iai toin bd kien thiic cua,bai Qua budc HS se thiy dugc diu la kiln thirc trgng tam cua bii bgc Do dd, nlu GV sii dun^ so d6 tu de cimg cd kien thiic thi se mang lai hipu qui cao, tao dieu kien tdt cho HS ITnh hdi tri thiic Viec su dung BDTD vio qui trinh day hpc thi rit Iinh hogt, cd the sau mdt bai giing, GV dua chii de chung vi yeu ciu HS ddng gdp cac y, cic nhinh de ve hoin chinh BDTD dn tap chinh ndi dung bii giing tiong budi hdm dd GV ciing cd the giao bai tap ve nhi cho HS tu tdng ket kien thiic da hgc bing BDTD BDTD niy HS ty lap ra, cic dudng net, hinh inh sang tao theo y thich cua timg em nen cac em se chii ddng, tich cue hon tiong viec nim chac kien thiic, tgo tien de cho ITnh hdi kidn thiic mdi Theo kinh nghipm, neu GV kit hgp sir Tai lieu tham khao TS Trin Dinh Chau; TS Ding Thi Thu Thuy: Tai lieu tap huan ve Bin tu (theo dy an THCS II nam hpc 2009-2010) Tii lieu Ddi mdi phuang phap day hpc mdn Vat ly THCS, NXB Giio due Tony Buzan, Ban tu tiong cdng vipc, NXB Lao ddng - Xa hdi ( 2007) Summary: In a physics lesson teachers usually teach in a rut, where it was now called a few students to check the thread earlier, when new knowledge, or reinforcing lessons only by system questionsthat the physical textbook compilation This process over and over again in the teaching hours lead to boring for students.Need to use a thinking map in the check post, located on the last issue, use mind maps in teaching new knowledge, reinforces the lesson so innovative teaching methods aimed at activelyflowersleamingof the students TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 92-04/2013 • 27 ... hgc vi dn tip giii thich tiong chuong quang chuang mi it ip dyng vio day hgc Trong chuang niy ta se kien thiic mdi Trong dgy hgc lin lugt nghien ciiu cic ndi kien thiic mdi, GV ciing co dung chinh... theo cic buoc CO bin sau: Budc 1: GV dua kien thiic tigng tim cua bii vdi vai tid Ii trung tim cua BDTD Budc 2: Trong qua tiinh trien khai bai, hp thdng BDTD din hoin thien Budc 3: k i t thuc bii... phan cua mit, mat can, mit bang viec dua chii de chung lao; Kinh liip; May inh; Cic ciia bii hpc Trong qui trinh loai anh sing vi tie dyng ciia day bii mdi, HS se ddng gdp inh sing (Hinh 3) cic