Ho trtf khdi nghiep tu" tru''''dng dai hoc Kinh nghiem quoc te va gtfi y ap dung trong Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi 1 DANG THANH DAT* NGavlN QCIOC ANH** Tdm tat Trong nghien cdu ndy, nhdm tdc gid tim hiiu kin[.]
Ho trtf khdi nghiep tu" tru'dng dai hoc: Kinh nghiem quoc te va gtfi y ap dung Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi DANG T H A N H DAT* NGavlN QCIOC ANH** Tdm tat Trong nghien cdu ndy, nhdm tdc gid tim hiiu kinh nghiem hd trg khdi nghiep tqi hai trudng dqi hoc ndi tieng tren the gidi, Id Dqi hgc Qudc gia Singapore vd Vien Khoa hgc vd Cdng nghe Tien tien Hdn Qud'c Tit do, dua mot sdhdm y ddi vdi Dqi hgc Qudc gia Hd Ngi (DHQGHN) bdi cdnh phdt trien doanh nghiep trudng dqi hgc ngdy cdng dugc quan tdm Tuf khoa: khdi nghiep, ddi mdi sdng tqo, Dqi hgc Qud'c gia Hd Ngi Smnmary In this research, the authors study the experiences in supporting entrepreneurship at two famous universities in the world, namely National University of Singapore and Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Since then, some implications for Hanoi National University (VNU) are proposed in the context that business development in universities is increasingly concerned Keywords: entrepreneurship, innovation, Hanoi National University ^ Gidfl THIEU De bat kip vdi xu hffdng phat trien hien dai, cac trffdng dai hgc Viet Nam, cd DHQGHN can dffdc trang bi du nang life de tang cffdng hoat dgng nghien cffu khoa hgc, phat trien va chuyen giao cdng nghe, hinh cac vffdn ffdm va ddn vi thuc day kinh doanh de nudi dffdng cac y tffdng sang tao va cac doanh nghiep khdi ngudn, khdi nghiep Do do, viec nghien cffu kinh nghiem tff cac trffdng dai hgc da cdng ve boat ddng la can thiet CO SOf LY THUYET VA PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN CLfU Casdly thuyet Trffdng dai hgc la to' quan trgng he sinh thai khdi nghiep va he thdng ddi mdi sang tao qudc gia Day la ndi cung cap ngudn nhan life chat Iffdng cao cho khu vffc cdng nghiep va xa hgi ddng gdp vao sff gia tang tai san tri tue va nang life tri tue cho cac doanh nghiep Life Iffdng sinh vien vdi nhieu y tffdng sang tao va tff tffdi mdi la dau vao day tiem nang cho cac dff an khdi nghiep Theo Founder Institute, trffdng dai hgc ddng vai trd quan trgng ca ba giai doan chinh cua khdi nghiep ddi mdi sang tao: hinh y tffdng; phat trien san pham va tang trffdng (Nguyen Dang Tuan Minh, 2017) O giai doan dau tien, nha trffdng, cu the la giang vien va cac ddn vi hd trd ddng vai trd la nhffng ngffdi truyen cam hffng, cung cap thdng tin, gidi thieu nhffng cdng, dien hinh, kinh nghiem, hd trd phat trien ddi nhdm thdng qua thuc day hdp tac lien nganh sinh vien Khi doanh nghiep cd san pham, dich vu, nha trffdng can cung cap nhffng kien thffc cd ban can thiet vd kinh doanh, nhff: luat phap, thue, ke toan cho den hd trd ndi lam viec cho cac nha sang lap doanh nghiep Dd'i vdi giai doan thff ba, he sinh thai cd nhieu doanh nghiep khdi nghiep phat trien tdt, trffdng dai hgc can ddng vai trd tien phong cung cap nhuhg tai nang kinh doanh, ngudn life chat Iffdng tdt vdi tff duy, ky nang va trai nghiem hffu ich de doanh nghiep tang trffdng ben vffng Nhff vay, trffdng dai hgc vffa trang bi cho ngffdi hgc nhffng ky nang, kien thffc va trai nghiem de san sang *, **, Trung t a m Chuyen giao Tri thuTc va H6 trd Khdi nghiep Dai hoc Qudc gia Ha Noi Email: thanhdatl209@gmail.com Ngdy nhdn bdi: 01/12/2018; Ngdy phdn Men: 17/12/2018; Ngay duyet ddng: 25/12/2018 'Nghien ciiu ndy duac tdi tra bdi Dai hoc Quoc gia Hd Noi theo de tdi md sd: TXTCN.18.09 Economy and Forecast Review 127 khdi nghiep cd hffdng di ddi mdi sang tao thifc sff, vffa thffc thi td't vai trd cua minh cung cap ngudn nhan life chat Iffdng cao cho xa hdi PhUOng phdp nghien cdu Trong bai viet nay, tac gia sff dung ngudn dff lieu thff cap dffdc lay tff cac sach bao, tap chi va ngoai nffdc lien quan den khdi nghiep va boat ddng khdi nghiep cac trffdng dai hgc Tff dd, phffdng phap phan tich tdng hdp dffdc su" dung nham thffc bien muc tieu nghien cihi KET QUA NGHIEN CLfU Dqi hgc Qudc gia Singapore Dai hgc Qud'c gia Singapore (NUS) dffng thff 11 top cac trffdng dai hgc hang dau the gidi va so I chau A theo bang xep hang QS World University Rankings 2019 Theo nghien cffu cua nhdm tac gia, boat dgng hd trd khdi nghiep tai NUS bao gdm yeu to chinh: (/) He thdng gido due tinh thdn doanh nhdn: Mdi nam NUS cff khoang 120-150 sinh vien di hgc viec mdt nam d Thung IQng Silicon va cac he sinh thai doanh nghiep khac va rat nhieu sinh vien so dd sau da trd cac nha sang lap doanh nghiep Ben canh dd, NUS cdn xay dffng cac khda dao tao mua he ve doanh nghiep va quan tri kinh doanh cho sinh vien (ii) Cdc khdng gian Idm viec chung: Nhac den khdi nghiep d Singapore, ngffdi ta nghi den Block71 ndi dffdc menh danh la "he sinh thai khdi nghiep cd dgng nha't tren the gidi" Block71 dffdc lap bdi NUS Enterprise mdt ddn vi trifc thugc NUS dffdc lap nham thuc day tinh than khdi nghiep hgc tap va giang day NUS Enterprise da bien Block7I mdt cgng ddng sang tao va ddi mdi manh me, ndi cac doanh nhan, nha dau tff, nha phat trien cdng nghe va cac cd van mdi trffdng ky thuat sd tffdng tac dffdc mang tdi gan Ngoai Block71 tai Singapore, NUS Enterprise cdn hdp tac md rdng Block71 sang cac qud'c gia khac (Block71 San Francisco, Block71 Jakarta, Block7I Suzbou) (iii) Vudn uam, td chdc thdc day kinh doanh: NUS Start-up Runway la chffdng trinh hua'n luyen, thuc day khdi nghiep rat cdng NUS Enterprise trien khai tai Vffdn ffdm "The Hangar" cua chinh NUS Enterprise Ben canh dd, Trung tam Khdi nghiep NUS dffdc lap nam 1988 nhff mdt trung tam quan Iy ddi mdi va khdi nghiep cdng nghe Cac hoat ddng chinh cua Trung tam Khdi nghiep NUS gdm: dao tao trai nghiem, phat trien khdi nghiep, ffdm tao, nghien cffu khdi nghiep va ddi mdi sang tao dffdc thffc hien chu ye'u bdi cac cffu sinh vien, cac khoa va sinh vien NUS (iv) Cdc hoqt dgng syt kien vd cgng dong: NUS thffdng xuyen dang cai, phd'i hdp td chffc nhieu boat dgng thffdng nien thuc day khdi nghiep, thu hut sif tham gia cua cgng ddng khdi nghiep qud'c te, tieu bieu nhff: Thach thffc Khdi nghiep Xa hdi chau A DBSNUS, Innovfest, InnoVenture (v) Cdc chuang trinh thdc day cdng nghe (NUS Technologies): NUS xay dffng chffdng trinh "Thiet ke 128 va Doi mdi" danh cho sinh vien mudn phat trien y tffdng/san pham cdng nghe mdi; "Xffdng phat trien doanh nghiep" la ndi thuc day va hd trd phat trien nhiing lanh dao nganh ky thuat Van phong Lien ket Cdng nghiep NUS tiiudc NUS Enterprise cd vai trd quan Iy tai san tri tue va ket nd'i, thffdng mai hda cae sang kien, san pham cdng nghe tff NUS thi trffdng (vi) Cdc quy ddu tU cho khdi nghiep: NUS Enterprise ed mang Iffdi 14 quy va chffdng trinh bd trd, cung cap mdt lffdng vd'n dau tff ddi dao cho khdi nghiep, phan ldn cac quy cd dau tff cho startup d giai doan dau Vien Khoa hgc vd Cdng ngh$ Tien tien Hdn Qudc Vien Kboa hgc va Cdng nghe Tien tien Han Qud'c (KAIST) la trffdng dai hoc kboa hgc va cdng nghe so Han Qudc, xep hang 40 so' cac trffdng dai hoc hang dau the gidi theo bang xep hang QS World University Rankings 2019 Cung gid'ng nhff nhieu trffdng khoa hgc va cdng nghe khac tren the' gidi, KAIST rat chu trgng tdi viec xay difng mot he sinh thai khdi nghiep Dffdc lap tff nam 2014, Hgc vien Khdi nghiep KAIST (ISK) la sdng kien nham xay dffng mdt he sinh thai khdi nghiep lanh manh va ben vffng danh cho sinh vien, cffu sinh vien va giang vien cua KAIST He sinh thai khdi nghiep KAIST gdm cac phan sau: - Thuang mqi hda (Commercialization): Dff an bd trd qua trinh thffdng mai hoa cua cac y tffdng kinh doanh cdng nghe xua't sac va cd tiem nang Tiin tdng tdc (Pre-Acceleration): Chffdng trinh Axel-K dffdc lap vdi muc tieu hd trd cac startup tang tdc phat trien tbdng qua cung cap cdng nghe va tif van kinh doanh, cung nhff tim cd hgi ket nd'i vdi mang Iffdi cac nha dau tff thien than, cac quy tang td'c khdi nghiep va cac cdng ty dau tff mao hiem Axel-K ciing to chffc hgi thuye't trinh ggi vdn va cac budi dao tao trinh bay y tffdng Vda hgc vda Idm (Action-Learning): Td chffc chffdng trinh E*5 KAIST danh rieng cho cac doanh nhan tre tiem nang tai KAIST E*5 KAIST bao gdm ba vong thi: hinh md hinh kinh doanh, phat trien khac hang, trinh bay y tffdng Ngoai ra, cdn cd Lean Startup Camp khoa hgc ngan ban danh cho cac sinh vien cua Trffdng nham tinh luyen cac y tffdng kinh doanh Ndi dung dao tao bao gdm cac i^inh tfi'va Dli bao phffdng phap khdi nghiep tinh ggn va ky nang xay difng ban ke hoach kinh doanh Ddo tqo (Education): ISK phu trach giang day chuyen nganh sau ve khdi nghiep dffa tren giao due STEM (Khoa hoc, Cdng nghe, Ky thuat va Toan) tai KAIST Ben canh do, ISK cung td chffc cac khda hgc ngan ban ve quan tri cdng nghe va thffdng mai hda cac y tffdng kinb doanh Todn cdu hda (Globalization): ISK td chffc Hgi nghi Khdi nghiep qudc te KAIST, ndi sinh vien den txi nhieu trffdng dai hgc khac cd cd hgi giao Iffu va hgc hdi lin ISK cung hd trd mdt so sinh vien sang My nham trai nghiem mdi trffdng kinh doanh va van hda tai Sihcon Valley Giao Ivtu sinh vien (Cutural Diffusion): Cau lac bd khdi nghiep la mang Iffdi cac cau lac bd dffdc quan ly bdi sinh vien va dffdc hd trd bdi ISK Tai day, sinh vien cd the tff td chffc cac budi ndi chuyen, cac eugc thi, cung nhff trao ddi kien thffc ve khdi nghiep Ngoai ra, ISK cdn ket nd'i vdi cac doanh nhan cdng, cac giang vien, dien gia ndi tieng de giao lffu va chia se kinh nghiem ve khdi nghiep, quan tri vdi sinh vien Gpl Y AP DUNG TRONG DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI DHQGHN la mot hai be thd'ng dai hgc qud'c gia cua Viet Nam Trffdng la trung tam dao tao, nghien cffu khoa hgc, chuyen giao tri thffc va cdng nghe da nganh, da Iinb vffc chat Iffdng cao, giff vai trd ndng cdt, quan trgng he thdng giao due dai hoc nffdc nha DHQGHN xep thff Viet Nam va thff 124 cac trffdng dai hgc chau A theo bang xep hang QS World University Rankings 2019 Cac boat ddng hd trd khdi nghiep cua DHQGHN hien kha da dang phong phii, bao gdm: (1) Cuoc thi khdi nghiep cap DHQGHN va cac cuoc thi cua ddn vi vien/trffc thugc; (2) Thanh lap Tmng tam Chuyen giao Tri thffc va Ho trd Khdi nghiep la dau md'i trien khai cac hoat ddng khdi nghiep, chuyen giao tri thffc, sd hffu tri tue va giam dinh cdng nghe; (3) To chffc cac hgi thao, hgi nghi, tga dam vd khdi nghiep; (4) To chffc cac khda dao tao ve ddi mdi sang tao va khdi nghiep; (5) Tao dffdc mdt so khdng gian sang tao cho sinh vien Cac boat ddng bd trd khdi nghiep bffdc dau tao ke^t qua tich cffc vdi mdt so' dff an khdi nghiep cua sinh vien/giang vien dffdc binh thanh, so dd cd dff an tham gia ban ke^t Ngay hgi Khdi nghiep Doi mdi sang tao Qud'c gia (Techfest) 2018, duf an Labshare: "Uber" cua cac phdng thi nghiem, dff an Lala Gym - tim kiem cac hua'n luyen vien the hinh, dff an thffc te ao trffdng hgc cd tinh sang tao va kha nang phat trien tffdng lai Qua tham khao kinb nghiem hd trd khdi nghiep tff NUS va KAIST, nhdm tac gia dffa mdt vai gdi y bd sung cac ye'u to' cho viec thuc day hd trd khdi nghiep DHQGHN, cu the nhff sau: Mdt Id, nghien cffu dffa mdn hgc ddi mdi sang tao va khdi nghiep vao chffdng trinh dao tao cho sinh vien Mdn hgc can bien soan theo hffdng gan vdi thffc tidn, ngi dung giang day thffdng xuyen dffdc cap nhat vdi sff thay ddi cua tinh hinh kinh te' xa hdi dat nffdc cung nhff xu hffdng chung cua the gidi Hai Id, phat trien cdng ddng cd' van khdi nghiep nham chia se kien thffc, kinh nghiem va ca biet hoa cho hoan canh va tinh hud'ng cua tffng ca nhan, tffng nhdm khdi nghiep cu the Cgng ddng cd' van khdi nghiep nen dffdc hinh tff cac doanh nhan dat gan bd vdi hoat dgng cua DHQGHN, cffu sinh vien la doanh nban cd nhieu kinh nghiem, trai nghiem khdi nghiep, cac sang lap vien cua startup da dffdc ffdm tao, cac cd' van khdi nghiep he sinh thai, cac giang vien Ba Id, lap Cau lac bg sinh vien sang tao va khdi nghiep DHQGHN nham thuc day van boa sang tao, khdi nghiep, tang tinh chu dgng cua sinh vien va thu but sinh vien tich cifc tham gia vao cac boat dgng gan vdi kinb doanh, khdi nghiep Bdn Id, nghien cffu xay dffng vffdn ffdm doanh nghiep de cd mdi trffdng va khdng gian hd trd, phat trien cac y tffdng kinh doanh, nghien cffu ffng dung cua sinh vien va giang vien tre Ngoai ra, can xay difng Chffdng trinh trao ddi hdp tac vdi cac trung tam khdi nghiep cua cac qud'c gia khu vffc (Singapore, Han Qud'c ), dffa cac nhdm khdi nghiep xua't sac nha't dffdc trai nghiem khdi nghiep tai cac qud'c gia nay; qua do, giup cac startup hffdng de'n vffdn ket nd'i toan cau.Q TATLIEUJHAM KHAO Dai hgc Qud'c gia Ha Ngi,_Trffdng Dai hgc Kinh te Qud'c dan va Trffdng Dai hgc Bach khoa Ha Ndi (2018) Tdi lieu tham khao ve hd trg khdi nghiep ddnh cho cdn bg hd trg khdi nghiep cdc trudng dqi hgc Nguydn Dang Tuan Minh (2017) Mot sdvan dd cua ddi mdi sang tao,' Bdn tin DHQGHN, so 313-2017 Isenberg, D J (2010) How to start an Entrepreneurial Revolution, Harvard Business Review, 88(6) Quacquarelli Symonds (2018) QS World University Rankings 2019 Economy and Forecast Review 129 ... vdi cac doanh nhan cdng, cac giang vien, dien gia ndi tieng de giao lffu va chia se kinh nghiem ve khdi nghiep, quan tri vdi sinh vien Gpl Y AP DUNG TRONG DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI DHQGHN la mot hai... trffdng dai hgc khac cd cd hgi giao Iffu va hgc hdi lin ISK cung hd trd mdt so sinh vien sang My nham trai nghiem mdi trffdng kinh doanh va van hda tai Sihcon Valley Giao Ivtu sinh vien (Cutural... nghiep tinh ggn va ky nang xay difng ban ke hoach kinh doanh Ddo tqo (Education): ISK phu trach giang day chuyen nganh sau ve khdi nghiep dffa tren giao due STEM (Khoa hoc, Cdng nghe, Ky thuat va