Một số vấn đề về xây dựng nông thôn mới ở tỉnh nghệ an

N G H I C N CUU - TRAO o l tK) tlitn tinh Hjlif An li kby lift r«ii) IM vl Itiig din nhn nhi ei nrtt, li l|i fbun) ei I f !• d|ij vi thinb pbia tfe ngrti, vi vin hit vi li noi bin Mn, I n jl» eie fhonj tfe tif^ein eta efag Itng eie dia t(e vM bn 2,SS trl(n njaU, 1,06 trIM I n t«n) trang linb Vfe ninj Urn ngr ngblff, ebifm >7,37K din f ( vi 6t,\6% lao l«n|etatlnb N MOT s6 VAN 9i v£ xAv DI;N6 NONG THON MOI dTiNHNGHCAN • Vi Luru Binh Dugc coi Id vj tri chien luge quan trpng Id ca sd, Id lye lugng dh phat triln kinh tS - xa h0i bin vu-ng, 6n djnh chinh tri, bdo dam an sinh, qudc phdng, giO gin phdt huy ban sac vdn hda ddn t$c va bao V? mdi trudng sinh thai, nhihig ndm qua, khu vuc ndng thdn cua tinh Nghe An da d^t dugc nhiSu tyu quan trpng Huy d^ng vd sur dyng co hi$u qud cdc ngudn lye d^u tu; sdn xuat ndng ldm ngu nghiep tiep tyc phat triln vdi t6c d$ kha vd todn dien, ca ciu kinh te chuyen dich tich eye, cdng nghi€p chl bien vd djch vy phdt triln; kit cau tang kinh te, xa hdi ndng thdn dugc tang cudng - nhat Id giao thdng, thuy Igi, nudc sinh hoat, di^n, trudng hpc, y te, thong tin vd thiet che vdn hda ca sd Cdng tac xda ddi gidm ngheo, gidi quylt viec ldm d^t nhilu kit qud; ddi I S6 10/2012 s6ng vdt chdt tinh than cua ngudi ddn ndng thdn tirng budc dugc cai thien; h6 thdng chinh tri ca sd, vi the chinh tri ciia ngudi dan dupc tang cudng, ddn chu ca sd m0t phat huy, an ninh chi'nh tri va trSt ty an todn xa hdi khu vyc ndng thdn dugc giu" virng, dien mao ndng thdn cd nhieu khdi sdc, ngdy mdt phdt tri8n Tuy nhi6n, nhiing thdnh tuu dat dugc chua tuang xiing vdi tiem nang, Igi the vd chua dong deu giua cdc viing Dai bd phdn ndng thdn Nghe An phdt trien cdn thilu Thanj tin KH-CN Ngh$ An [13] NGHltN Ciru - TRAO B | nhftng quyet sdch phdt triln quy hoach ho$c chat lugng ndng thdn phii hgp trSn ca sd quy hoach k^m, quy ho^ch khoa hpc, sdt thyc t l cho tirng thilu vQ'ng chdc, vipc qudn ly vung, tirng tOc ngudi VI v^y, quy hoach cdn Idng l^o Ket Ddng ta dd cd nhCJ-ng chCi cdu h^ tdng kinh t l , xd h$i truang vl xfiy dyng NTM: vira thilu, vira khdng d6ng Xdy dyng NTM cd kit cdu h? bp; kinh te phdt trien chua tdng kinh ll xd h^i iCrng ben viJng, chuyin dich ca cdu budc hi^n d^i, ca cdu kinh t l kinh te co cau lao dpng vd cdc hinh thiic t6 chirc sdn ch^m, th^m chi co cdi chua xudt hgp ly, gdn ndng nghidp tim hudng chuyin dich phii vdi phdt triln cdng nghidp, hgp Quy md sdn xudt nhd Id, djch vy, gdn phdt triln ndng phan tdn, sue canh tranh ciia thdn vdi dd thj theo quy sdn pham hdng hda vd irng ho^ch Xd h$i ndng thdn ddn dyng khoa hpc ky thu^t, cdng chii, mdi trudng sinh thdi ngh? mdi vdo san xuat cdn dugc bdo v^; an ninh tr^t ty han che; chat lugng nguon dugc giD- v&ng; ddi s6ng v^t nhdn lye yeu, san xuat kdm chat tinh than cua ngudi ddn hi^u qua Cdng tdc qudn ly, ngdy cdng dugc ndng cao sir dyng dat dai, tai nguyen khodng sdn cdn han che; cdnh Nhftng nOi dung trdn dugc quan, mdi trudng sinh thdi cy the hda thdnh 19 tidu chi ndng thdn ngdy cdng bj tdn tai Quyet djnh 49!/QD-TTg phd, d nhilm, ty le hp nghdo 16/4/2009 cua Thu cdn qua cao, mdt sd huy?n tudng Chinh phii Vl n^i cdn tren 60% hd ngheo; t? dung, cdch Idm, chinh sdch, nan xa hpi, an ninh ndng thdn phdn cong to chirc thyc hipn cdn nhilu tiem dn N I U SO vdi dugc thi hi^n tai Quylt djnh 19 tieu chi ndng thdn mdi 800/QD-TTg ngdy 4/6/2010 (NTM) tai Quylt dinh ciia Thil tudng Chinh phu vd 491/QD-Tfg thi 435 xd khu UBND tinh Ngh§ An dS cy vyc ndng thdn tinh Nghe An the hda tai Quyet djnh (ndm 2010) khdng cd xa ndo 3875/QD-UBND-NNN dat tir 13 tieu chi trd len; c6 Ddy Id ldn ddu tidn 1/435 xa dat 12 tieu chi Id; xd lich sir nudc ta ndi chung, tinh Nghi Kim; 3/435 xd dat I ! 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An ndi ridng, vi^c xdy tieu chi; 6/435 dat 10 tieu chi; dyng NTM dugc d$t mgt 11/435 dat tieu chi; 18/435 cdch toan di$n nhdt, cy thi xd dat tieu chi; 18/435 xd nhat, cd tidu chi rd rdng, cd dat tieu chi; 35/435 xd dat chien luge de phdn ddu xay tieu chi; 63/435 xd dat tieu dung Tuy nhidn, thyc te chi va 50 xd chua dat tieu chi cung cdn rat nhieu dilu ddng nao Day id nh&ng t6n tai ca •bdn khodn vd trdn trd Thu^t bdn va Id diem xudt phat ciia ng& "xdy dyng NTM" gdn ddy ndng thdn Nghe An budc vao thudng xuydn dugc nhdc din xay dyng NTIV1 d nudc ta Nhung thyc te hilu NTM thi ndo, cdch tilp c§n va Trudc nhiing ddi hoi vd huy dOng cdc nguon lye doi thdi thiic cua thyc tien, can S6 10/2012 - vdi tCrng vCing, tirng dan t^c thi cdn nhilu quan dilm chua th6ng nhdt Nlu nhu d cdc nudc, vi?c xdy dyng NTM Id tfr sy xdy dyng phong trdo mSi Idng m$t sdn phdm vd lay dan vj thdn ldm dan vj xdy dyng NTM thi chiing ta l^i xdc dinh ndng thdn chii yeu trdn cdc dem vj hdnh chinh, idy cdc xd Idm ca sd xdy dyng vdi chO thi Id lao d$ng ngdnh nghi ndng, chua tinh din xdy dyng m$t nin kinh te hdng hda vd cdc n$i dung khdc Do v§y, vi$c phdt triln ndng nghidp, ndng thdn chua hgp ly vd g$p khdng it khd khdn De xay dyng NTM thdnh cdng chuang trinh muc tieu qu6c gia ve xay dyng NTM, Chinh phu dd neu giai phdp chu ylu Trong Quyet djnh 3875/UBND tinh cung dd neu nhihig van de tuang ty nhu v^y Vi vay, bdi vilt ndy xin de c|p them mgt s6 vdn de qud trinh to churc thyc hi^n cho phu hgp vdi tinh hinh cy thi ciia Ngh? An I D I xfiy dyng NTM thdnh cdng, thilt nghT trudc hit can ldm cho mpi ngudi hieu npi hdm ciia NTM gom: kit cau h^ tang kinh t l , x3 hpi vdn minh hi^n dgi; ngudi mdi; nen sdn xuat mdi theo hudng kinh t l hdng hda; ddi s6ng vat chdt tinh than cao, ban sdc vdn hda dugc gi& gin va phat trien; xd hgi ndng thdn an ninh tot, quan ly ddn chu Ndm van de ndy phdi dong b6 vdi thi mdi cd mdt NTM d ca sd V^y, chiing ta cd thd djnh nghTa xdy dyng NTM la vi§c doi mdi tu vd nfing cao Th6n9 tin KH-CN N9I19 An [i4] NGHIEN cuu-TRAO l S y tham gia tp' nguyin vd nhi^t tinh cCia ngircri dan c6 vai tr6 quy^t djnh d#n thdnh cdng xdy dyng nong thdn md'i nang lye lam chu ciia ngudi dan vd cdng ddng dia phuang, tir dd tao dpng luc de hp cd thd chu ddng td chuc phdt trien kinh te, xa hdi va bdo ve mdi trudng vdi sy hd trg phii hgp, cd hieu qua cua Nha nudc Vdi ndi ham va dinh nghta nhu tren, dilu kien ngudn lyc ho trg ciia Nha nudc cdn han che, vdi mpt chuang trinh xdy dyng NTM tren pham vi cd nudc, hon thi ddi vdi mpt tinh ngheo nhu tinh ta thi viec dya vao ngi lyc va ngudi dan lam chu Id cdch tidp can phii hgp nhat Theo cdch tilp can nay, xay dung NTM d ca sd bdo ddm ddng thdi phat trien ngudi va td chdc cdng ddng, phdt tridn kinh td, xay dung bd mat mdi cua dia phuang Trong dd, phat trien ngudi va td chuc cdng ddng phdi dugc coi Id then chdt, la dpng lyc cho cdc ITnh vyc khac Muc dich ciia xdy dyng NTM la nham tim kiem ca chl van ddng ndi bd nhuTig cdng ddng vd cac td S6 10/2012 chdc ben ngoai mpt each phii hgp Dya vdo viec phdt hi?n vd huy dpng cdc ngudn lyc tiem ndng, tinh sdng tao doi ddo cua moi cdng ddng thdn, cdng vdi su h6 trg cd mure dp ciia Nha nudc sd tao nhifng thay doi, chuyen biln Idn vide phdt trien ndng thdn t^i moi dia phuang Nhu vay, xay dyng NTM khdng cd nghTa mdt liic cd thi tap trung vao tdt ca cac vdn dl, ndi dung ciia phat trien ndng thdn, cang khdng phai tap trung vao hoan todn chi xdy dyng co bdn hay lam theo ldi ddu tu kilu mpt chuang trinh hay mpt dy an phdt tridn sdn xudt hay xdy dyng ca bdn Phdt trien NTM phai mang tfnh qua trinh, khdng thi lam ndng vdi, muon ldm xong mpt thdi gian ngan, lam lien tue Can luu y ddn phdt triln ngudi va td chdc c0ng d6ng dl nang cao khd ndng lam chii td chdc thuc hi?n cdc n^i dung phdt triln cdng dong ndng thdn Sy thaiti gia ty nguyen vd nhiet tinh ciia cOng ddng ndng thdn cd vai trd quylt dinh den thdnh cdng xdy dyng NTM Kinh nghidm cac nudc xung quanh cho thay, dudng phat triln ndng nghiep, ndng thdn khdng ndm ndng nghiep, ndng thdn Mudn ndng thdn phat triln thi phdi diing thi tac dgng ddn ddt ndng thdn, khdng chi quy hoach bd tri ddn cu, tang ma cai ldn han Id tu cudc sdng mdi, vuan Idn kinh td hpi nhdp; diing cdng nghiep tac dgng vao ndng nghiep cd ung dung khoa hpc cdng nghe vao san xudt, Idi sdng, tac phong lam vide va ca dilu tilt Igi nhudn td cdng nghiep trd vl cho ndng nghiep, ndng dan Ndng nghiep chung ta da trdi qua nhilu thdi ky dai thdt lung budc byng dl xdy dyng ndn cdng nghiep cho dat nudc va hp cung dang hi sinh rat nhieu cho sy phdt triln ciia ddt nudc Hang tridu ngudi ndng ddn da phdi di ddi qud quan, md md td tidn di Tlidng tin KH-CN Nglif An [is| NGHIEN cuu - TRAO DOI nai khdc lap ldng, l§p nghi$p vi ddng dipn cho to qu6c Do vay, tinh phdi huy dgng dau tu cho ndng thdn, xay dyng NTM tir nhilu nguon lyc khdc ngodi sy ty no lyc ciia ngudi ddn ndng thdn; diing tri thirc cdng nhdn, thuang nhdn, tdc ddng vao ndng dan thay doi phong tue, t$p qudn I^c hdu, y thirc vuan len idm gidu cho chinh minh Do dd, vide tuyen truyen, Idnh d^o, chi 6^0 cung can ldm r5 nh&ng npi dung bdn sdc cdn bao ton, phdt trien vdi nh&ng ndi dung can phdi khdc phyc, khdng chi yeu cau ndng ddn hit ngheo ma phai ldm gidu, khdng chi hudng thy v^t chdt ma cd ddi sdng van hoa mdi, de ndng thdn phat trien hai hda va hoa nhap chung vao dugc vdi sy tidn bd cua thd gidi La mdt tinh da dang dja hinh va cd dan tdc ciing sinh sdng, mdi viing, mdi ddn tdc cd mot diem xuat phat va ndn van hda khac nhau, cho nen tinh khdng the dua mdt md hinh chung hay each ldm, cdch xay dung NTM cho tat cd cac xdm Idng dugc, md ty mdi thdn, bdn phai coi minh la dan vj xay dung NTM Mdi cdng dong thdn dudi su lanh dao, chi dao ciia cdp uy, chfnh quyen, su hudng dan, giup da ciia cac nganh chdc ndng, ty lua chpn mpt each khoa hpc, sat thyc vdi tdng thdn, nh&ng ndi dung cdng viec can lam, can uu So 10/2012 - tidn, xdy dyng 10 trinh budc di cy thi Trpng dd, cdn uu tidn vd kidn tri thyc hi§n nhdt Id cdng tdc quy ho^ch, qudn 1^ quy ho^ch vd t6 chdc sdn xudt ndng cao thu nh§p, cdi thi§n ddi s6ng ndng ddn Mpt s6 vi$c nhu huang udc, quy udc, thilt chl vdn hda, an ninh tr§t ty thdn xdm phdi sdm th6ng nhdt vd Idm Sdm khdc phyc tinh tr^ng xdy dyng NTM thilu thyc t l , thilu tinh I^ Iu§n vd xu the phong trdo hda, chfnh trj hda sy nghidp xdy dyng NTM Cdc ngdnh chdc ndng vd nh&ng thdnh vidn giup vi$c cho Ban chi d^o xdy dyng NTM d tinh, d huy?n phdi thyc sy hilu vl NTM, hieu ve cdch Idm NTM de cd nang lyc tham muu, chi d^o mdt each hieu qud, trdnh hi?n tugng ngudi di giao dye nhung chua dugc gido dye, ngudi di chi dao nhung khdng hieu rd ve npi dung can chi dao Vd tong the todn tinh, todn huy?n md ndi, qud trinh to chdc chi dgo phai kit hgp giifa uu tidn chi djio diem vd trien khai di^n rOng de phdn ddu ddn tung tidu chf vuan Idn, tdng ngdnh phai cy the hda vd to chdc tieu chi NTM thupc ITnh vyc ciia minh nhu Quyet djnh 800 cua Thu tudng Chinh phu va Quyet dinh 3875 ciia UBND tinh da phan cdng Nhung tinh ta cung cdn cd ngudi nhac trudng, ngudi chi huy de chi dao cac ngdnh long ghep cac chuang trinh, dy dn vdo cdc x3 diem d tdng giai do^n Trudc mdt la nhC^ng dilm t^p trung phdn ddu vl dfch xdy dyng NTM nhdng ndm 2013, 2014,2015 Triln khai cd ehilu r$ng ldn ehilu sdu, vi^c gido dye cho nhan ddn vl npi dung, ca chl, Igi fch ciia vi?c thyc hi^n ddn chii xdy dyng NTM, dl hp hilu vd ty dilu chinh hdnh vi cd nhan dl ludn gi& lidn h$ vdi cpng d6ng mOt cdch ch$t chS, tdn trpng cOng d6ng, tfeh cue tham gia cdc phong trao cdng dong, hda thu^n gia dinh cung nhu tinh Idng nghTa xdm, coi trpng du luan xd hgi Xay dyng ciing co chinh quyIn ca sd vifng manh, hoat dpng cd hidu lyc, hieu qua, nhat Id chinh quyen ca sd, vl dpi ngu la nhan to quan trgng ddng vai trd quydt djnh tryc tilp vi^c phat huy hi$u lyc ciia quy che ddn chu xdy dyng NTM De vdng manh thi Dang bg co sd, Hpi ddng nhan ddn, Uy ban nhdn dan co sd phdi thirc sy sgch, t^n tyy, vj nhan dan vd de dugc che trach nhiem vdi t^p the va ngudi dirng dau cua tdng to chdc chfnh quyIn viec thyc hi^n quy che dan chii co sd cung nhu doi vdi nhiem vy j^dy dung NTM Chl dp trach nhi?m cdn djnh lugng, djnh mdc chju trdch nhiem cy thi chu khdng phai chung chung, cdng hay thdt b?ii deu Id tap thd./ Thdng fin KH-CN Ngli^ An [i6] ... lyc ciia quy che ddn chu xdy dyng NTM De vdng manh thi Dang bg co sd, Hpi ddng nhan ddn, Uy ban nhdn dan co sd phdi thirc sy sgch, t^n tyy, vj nhan dan vd de dugc che trach nhiem vdi t^p the va... mpt chuang trinh hay mpt dy an phdt tridn sdn xudt hay xdy dyng ca bdn Phdt trien NTM phai mang tfnh qua trinh, khdng thi lam ndng vdi, muon ldm xong mpt thdi gian ngan, lam lien tue Can luu... kinh t l hdng hda; ddi s6ng vat chdt tinh than cao, ban sdc vdn hda dugc gi& gin va phat trien; xd hgi ndng thdn an ninh tot, quan ly ddn chu Ndm van de ndy phdi dong b6 vdi thi mdi cd mdt NTM