TRIETH0C,S6 10 (281), THANG 10-2014 c^-n^j- 5-[o NGHj QUYi'l XI COA DANG V A T H I / C T I I N CUdG S N G KINH TE TH! TRllfiTNG DjNH HUdNG XA HOI CHU NGHIA VA VAN DE THUC HIEN CONG BANG, TIEN BO XA HOI v u VAN VlfeN''' Md hinh kinh ti'thi trUdng dinh hiidng xd hoi chu nghia md Viit Nam dang xdy diMg vita phdt trien tuan theo cdc quy luat khdeh quan cua kinh tethi triiifng, vita ditdc ddn ddt, chi phoi hdi cdc nguyen tdc cua dink hildng xd hgi chu nghia Kinh tethi trUdng dinh hudng xd hoi chu nghia thi hiin tinh Uu viit cua no phdt triin kinh ti- xd hdi: 1) Huy dgng ductc mgi tiem ndng cua cdc thdnh phdn kinh te'di phdt trien; 2) ThUc hiin sU phdt triin tdng toe, thdng qua viic van dung cdc quy luat phdt triien kinh ti' khdeh quan ket hap vdi sU diiu tii't cua Nhd nUde Mat khde, no edng tao ctf sd thuan lai cho viee thUe hiin edng bdng, tieh bg xa hgi, thdng gua: 1) Ket hdp cdc nguyin tdc phdn phoi theo cd che thi trUdng vdi phdn phdl qua phuc Idi xd hdi; 2) Ki't hdp giUa viic ddy mg.nh phdt trien kinh ti'vdi tdng cudng phdt trien vdn hod, gido due - ddo tg.o, khoa hgc • edng nghe, phdt trien ngUdi; 3) Thdng qua viic siJ dung cdc chinh sdch kinh te, xd hoi ^filp rong chien liidc phat trien kinh te cua minh, moi quo'c gia deu phai IS tinh den cac khia canh xa hoi sil phat trien cua dat nit6c Lam the nao de lUa chon mo hinh kinh te phii hdp vdi dieu kien da't nxidc minh de v^a dam bao tang triiSng kinh te nhanh, viia giai quyl^t co hieu qua cac v^'n de xa hoi? Viet Nam cung khong nlim ngoai quy dao tren Hien nay, phii hdp v6i dac diem cua minh, Viet Nam da Ilia chon mo hinh phat trien kinh te thi trUcfng dinh hii6ng xa hoi chu nghia Vay thiic chat cua mo hinh la gi, no CO Uu viet nhif the nao doi v6i sii phat trien kinh te? No gop phan thiic hien cong b&ng xa hoi nhii the nao? Ve b a n chat, vai t r o cua kinh te t h i trtfdng dinh hifdfng xa hoi chu nghia Nhijing van de neu tren lien quan mat thiet t6i vSi'n de quan he gii3a chinh tri va kinh te Nh^n thiic va giai quyet mo'i quan he giiSa chinh tri va kinh te luon la van de quan nhat doi vdi tat ca cac quo'c gia dan toe d moi thdi dai Chu nghia Mac Lenin khang dinh, kinh te la nhan to' ma xet den ciing, quyet dinh chinh tri; chinh tri la sii bieu hien tap trung cua kinh te, la kinh te co dpng lai Theo do, ve nguyen {*) Pho giao sii, tiS^n si, Vien Triet hoc, Vien Han lam Khoa hoc xa hoi Viet Nam KINH TE THI TRUDNG DINH H U N G XA HOI CHU NGHIAtac, chinh tri luon phai tuan theo cac quy luat kinh te khach quan, neu khong thi sii van d6ng ciia chinh tri se gap nhQng kh6 khan, trfi ngai, tham chi la that bai Tuy nhien, mac dii chiu sii quy dinh ciia nhiing quy luat kinh te, song chinh tri khong phai la ban thu dong cua kinh t&' Chinh tri c6 the tac dong vao kinh te, dinh hiidng sii phat tri^n kinh te theo nhiing muc tieu nha't dinh Vai tro dinh hUdng cua chinh tri doi vdi kinh te diidc the hien tap trung nha't va triic tiep nha't thong qua viec liia chon mo hinh kinh te Doi vdi Viet Nam, tijf biidc vao giai doan hda binh xay diing da't niidc, khd khan, thtt thach Idn nha't doi vdi Dang Cdng san va Nha niidc Viet Nam la nhan thiic va giai quyet md'i quan he giQa chinh tri va kinh te phii hdp vdi nhiing quy luat khach quan ndi chung va nhiing dac diem dan toe ndi rieng bdi canh thdi dai da cd nhieu thay doi Tii Dai hoi VI nam 1986 den nay, cting vdi cdng eude doi mdi toan dien d^t niidc, nhan thiic ciia Dang Cong san Viet Nam ve md'i quan he giQa chinh tri vdi kinh te da co mdt biidc chuyen quan trong, vai trd dinh hiJdng cua chinh tri dd'i vdi kinh te da diidc xac dinh mot each khach quan, khoa hoc Cac chu trUdng, chinh sach kinh te cua Dang va Nha nudc Viet Nam da cang phii hdp hdn vdi cac quy luat kinh te khach quan, tiing budc khac phuc nhQng sai l^m ciia benh chu quan, y chi giai doan trUdc Nen kinh te tQ chd bi quy dinh bdi cd che quan ly tap trung, bao ca'p da d ^ chuyen sang n§n kinh te nhilu phan, dan dan hinh the che kinh te thi trUdng dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghia Kinh te thi tnidng la mot ki^u to chQe kinh te - xa hdi, dd qua trinh san xua't, phan phd'i, trao ddi va tieu dilng deu dUdc thiic hien thdng qua thi trUdng, tuan theo nhQng quy luat kinh te khach quan Kinh t§' thi trUdng khdng chi bao gom cac ye'u to' cua liic lUdng san xua't, ma cdn ca mot he thd'ng quan he san xua't Chinh vi vay, khdng cd mot nen kinh te thi trUdng chung chung, thu^n tiiy, trOu tUdng tach rdi khoi sii quy dinh cua hinh thai kinh te xa hdi Do do, cd the ndi, cac che chinh tri khac se dinh hUdng sii van dong, phat trien cua kinh td' thi trUdng theo nhQng ndi dung va dac diem khac nham dat dUdc nhQng muc tidu chinh tri, kinh td', xa hdi ma nha nUdc va nhan dan cua qud'e gia dd da Ilia chon Nhu vay, cd the ndi, kinh te thi trudng la tUu chung cua nhan loai chU khong rieng gi cua chu nghia tU ban NhUng, ro rang la, kinh td' thi trudng lan dau tien dat de'n sii phat trien hoan thien la chii nghia tU ban Ndi cach-khac, chu nghia tu ban da tan dung tdi da Uu the cua kinh td' thi trUdng de tao da cho viec giai phdng moi tiem nang kinh doanh, tim kid'm Idi nhuan TCf do, mot each khach quan, kinh te thi trUdng tU ban chu nghia da thiic day liic lUdng san xua't eua xa hoi phat trien manh me chUa ttCng cd lich sii nhan loai trUdc chii nghia tu ban VU VAN VIEN chu nghia ed didn Do dd, dd'i vdi Vidt Nam, vide chuyen ddi tQ nen kinh te' kd' hoach hoa tap trung hi quy dinh bdi menh Idnh hanh ehinh, mang nang tinh chu quan, y chi sang nln kinh te' thi trUdng la mdt tat ye'u khach quan Tuy nhien, kinh td' thi trUdng d Viet Nam khdng the phat trien mot each tii phat, vd nguyen tac, ma phai dUdc dinh hudng chinh tri ro rang nhSm s^ dung kinh tethi tritdng dethitc hien muc tieu ddn giau, niidc manh, dan chit, cdng bang, van minh, ti£ng biidc qud lin chu nghia xd hgi Kinh te' thi trUdng Viet Nam, dd, da dUde Dang ta khang dinh, phai la kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xd hpi chu nghia Kinh te' thi trUdng dinh hUdng xa hoi chu nghia khdng phai la sii gan ghep gUdng ep, y chi giQa kinh ti' thi trudng va chu nghia xd hgi, ma la sU Chu nghia tU ban da va dang tim Ilia chon khoa hoe, nhay ben, bat kip moi each de tii did'u chinh, tU thich vdi xu the' van ddng khach quan ciia nghi bang each gia tang sU can thiep kinh te' thi trUdng thdi dai triic tidp cua nha nUdc va cham lo va phu hdp vdi nhQng dieu kien dae nhid'u hdn cac va'n de xa hoi Tuy thii cua Vidt Nam Cd thd ndi, kinh td' nhien, chu nghia tU ban khdng the tU thi trudng la "cdi hiin", cdn dinh giai quye't dUdc, ma chi ph^n nao xoa hudng xa hdi chu nghia la "cdi dac thii" eua Viet Nam diu mau thuan ma thdi Tuy nhidn, kinh te thi trUdng tU ban chu nghia khdng phai la mdt md hinh kinh te hoan hao Ciing vdi sU phat trien cua liic lUdng san xua't, mau thuan giQa lUc lUdng san xua't mang tinh chat xa hoi hda va toan c^u hda cang cao vdi quan he sd hQu tU nhan tU ban chu nghia ve tU lidu san xuat cang trd nen gay gat, khdng thi giai quye't noi long cua chu nghia tu ban Chinh vi vay, ben canh nhQng mat tich ciic khdng the phu nhan, kinh te thi trUdng tU ban chu nghia van chUa diing day ray nhQng mat tieu ciic Sii ba't cdng va ba't on ciia xa hdi cang sau sSc, khoang each giau ngheo cang cang doang va tao nen hd' sau ngan each, lam tang them mau thuan giQa ngUdi ngheo vdi ngUdi giau, giQa cac nUde giau va cac nUdc nghdo tren pham vi toan cau Ve thiic cha't, kinh td' thi trUdng dinh hudng xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam la nin kinh ti' hdng hod nhiiu thdnh phdn, van hdnh theo ca chi' thi triCbng, CO sU qudn ly cua Nhd nUdc theo dinh hudng xd hgi chu nghia Ddy la md hinh kinh te' viCa phdt trien tuan theo Nhan loai mud'n tien Ien, xa hoi cdc quy luat cua kinh ti'thi triCbng, vita mud'n phat trien thi dQt khoat khdng ditoc ddn ddt, chi phoi hdi cdc nguyin thi dOng lai d kinh td' thi trUdng tU ban tdc cua dinh hitdng xd hgi chu nghia Chinh vi the', C.Mac va Ph.Angghen da phan tich va dii bao Tuyin ngon cua Bdng Cong sdn rang, ehii nghia tu ban ta't yeu phai nhudng ehd cho mot phUdng thiic san xua't va che mdi van minh hdn, nhan dao hdn dd la ehu nghia xa hdi KINH TE THI TRUING DINH HUQNG XA HQI C H O NGfflA Dudi sii lanh dao cua Dang Cdng san Viet Nam, Nha nUdc Viet Nam xa hoi ehu nghia thUc hien chQc nang quan ly nen kinh te' thi tnidng dinh hUdng xa hdi chu nghia Kinh te' thi tnidng dinh hudng xa hoi chii nghia the hien tinh Uu viet doi vdi sii phat trien kinh te' ciia dat nUdc nhU sau: 1) Huy ddng duoc moi tiem nang cua cac ph^n kinh td' de phat trien liic lUdng san xuat, phat trien xa hdi Dieu khdng the cd dUdc vdi md hinh ke' hoach hoa tdp trung Ve sU phat trien cua cac phan kinh te', Dang Cong san Viet Nam chu trUdng "phat tridn nhanh, hai hoa cac phan kinh te' va cac loai hinh doanh nghiep Phai tang cUdng tiem liic va nang cao hieu qua cua kinh te' nha nUdc Kinh te' nha nUde giQ vai trd chu dao, la liic ludng vat cha't quan de Nha nUdc dinh hudng va dieu tiet nen kinh te, gdp phan on dinh kinh te' vi md Phat trien kinh te' tdp the vdi nhieu hinh thQc hdp tae da dang ma ndng cdt la hdp tac xa Khuyen khich phat trien cac hinh thQc td chQc san xuat kinh doanh vdi sd hQu hdn hop ma chu ye'u la cac doanh nghiep cd phan de loai hinh kinh te' trd bien nen kinh te, thiic day xa hdi hoa san xuat kinh doanh va sd hiiu Hoan thien ed chd', chinh sach dl phat trien manh kinh te' tU nhan trd mot nhQng ddng liic cua nen kinh te' Khuyd'n khich kinh te cd vd'n dau tU nU6c ngoai phat trien theo quy hoach"(l) phUdng thQc: Mgt Id, vdn dung quy luat phat triln kinh te khach quan Theo quan diem ciia chu nghia Mac - Lenin thi xa hoi phat trien tuan theo quy luat quan he san xuat phai phu hdp vdi trinh phat trien ciia liie lUdng san xua't Ldi dung quy luat nay, nen kinh te' thi trUdng dinh hUdng xa hoi chu nghia, Vidt Nam chii trUdng ki't hdp phdt trien lUc lUdng sdn xudt vdi xdy dUng quan he sdn xudt phii, htip Thiic hien td't dilm se gdp ph^n lam cho nln kinh te phat triln nhanh hdn, tao sii tang td'c ciia sii phat trien Hai Id, thdng qua sU quan ly cua Nha nUdc, ehung ta cd the dilu tidt sii phat trien kinh td' de lam giam nhQng khiic quanh co khdng can thie't, dong thdi tao sU phat triln hai hoa giQa cac nganh, cac linh vUc cua nen kinh te qud'e dan NhQng dieu tiet cd thi dUdc thiic hien thdng qua cac ke hoach, chinh sach cu thi 2) Thiic hien sU phat trien tang td'c Dieu dUdc thUc hien theo hai (1) Dang Cong san Viet Nam Van kien Dai hoi dai biin toan quoc lan thi2Xl Nxb Chinh tri Qu6c gia, H&Noi, 2011, tr.lOl Vd'n de thUc hien cong bdng, tien ho xd hoi Kinh te' thi trUdng dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghia khdng chi la md hinh thuan ldi cho phat trie'n kinh td', ma cdn la cd sd cho vide thUe hien cd hieu qua cdng bang va tie'n bd xa hdi Do dieu kien cua minh, thdi gian qua, d Viet Nam, sii tang trudng vl kinh te' dUdc dat Ien hang d^u Dieu nham nhanh chdng khac phuc tinh trang khd khan ddi sd'ng nh;'n dan va sdm dUa da't nUde vUdt qua v u VAN VIEN khiing hoang kinh te' Nhiing, ne'u chi chu y de'n tang trUdng kinh te' ma khdng dat no boi canh ehung ciia cdng bang, tieh bd xa hdi thi "ldi ba't cap hai" Dd thiic hien muc tieu lau dai, ngoai vide d^y manh tang trUdng kinh td', chung ta phai quan tam giai quye't tot cac vSh de khac cua ddi sd'ng xa hoi, phai tQng budc thuc hidn cdng bang va tie'n bd xa hdi Diing nhu Dang Cong san Vidt Nam da khang dinh: "ThQc hidn tid'n bo va cdng bang xa hdi tQng budc va tUng chinh sach phat trien; tang trUdng kinh te di ddi vdi phat trien vdn hoa, y te, giao due, giai quydt td't cac va'n dl xa hdi vi mue tieu phat trien ngudi"(2) Lien quan tdi cac van de nay, dilu phQc tap nha't va do, ciing ed nhieu y kien khac nha't, ro nhat la ndi ve md'i quan he giQa phat triln nen kinh t l thi trUdng vdi thiic hien cdng bang va tie'n bo xa hoi Chang han, giao due - dao tao cd Id mot loai thi trUdng hang hoa? Ne'u la mot thi trUdng thi giai quylt va'n de cdng bang giao due - dao tao nhU the' nao? De cd tu dung dan giai quye't md'i quan he nay, chiing ta e4n dUa tren cac tien de ed ban sau day: linh viie kinh te', md ea linh viie chinh tri, phap ly, van hda, xa hoi Cdng bang bao ham nd yeu cau ve sii phu hdp giQa quyen va nghia vu, giQa lam va hQdng, giQa lao ddng va sU tra cdng, giQa tdi pham vd sU trQng phat, giQa cdng lao va sii thUa nhan ciia xa hdi Su khdng phu hdp nhQng quan he dQde xem la ba't cdng Bin canh do, phai diia tren quan niem tdng quat ve tiin bg xd hgi sii phat triln nen kinh te' thi trUdng d Viet Nam hien nay, vdi mdt so' ndi dung chu ye'u la: Tie'n bo xa hpi Id kinh te tang trudng nhanh, cd chd't lUdng cao va bin vQng tren cd sd lUc lUdng san xud't hien dai va quan he san xuat phu hdp theo dinh hudng xa hpi chu nghia Tie'n bd xa hpi la quyln lam chu cua nhan dan ddi vdi mpi mat ddi sd'ng xa hdi dUdc nang cao va dUdc dam bao thdng qua Nhd nUde phap quyen xa hdi chu nghia ciia dan, dan va vi dan sach, vQng manh Tie'n bp xa hdi la van hda, giao due, khoa hpc dUdc md mang, trinh dp dan tri phat trien, quan he giQa ngUdi vdi ngQdi lanh manh; nhQng thdi hu, tat xa'u bi day Iui Con ngUdi titng budc dUde giai phdng khdi ap bQc, bdc lot, ba't cdng; cd cudc sd'ng cang am no, tu do, hanh phuc; cd dieu kien phat trien nhan each mdt each todn didn Tritdc het, phai diia tren quan niem dung dan ve cdng hang xd hgi vdi nhiing ndi dung: Cdng bang xa hdi Id sii ngang bang giQa ngUdi va ngUdi ehu yeu dUde Xuat phat tQ nhQng quan diem neu xdt ve phUdng dien phan phdi san pham tren, chung tdi cho rang, vide thUc hien xa hdi theo nguyen tic; Cdiig hien sQc liic (2) Dang Cong san Viet Nam Van kien Bai hgi dai ngang thi hudng thu ngang bieu toan quoc idn thU X Nxb Chinh tri Quoc gia Cdng bang xa hoi khdng chi gidi han Ha Noi, 2006, tr.77 KINH TE THI TRUING DINH H U N G XA HOI CHU NGHIA cdng bang va tie'n bd xa hdi ehi dat dUdc phuc vu cac muc tieu chinh tri - xa hdi thitc hien dong bp sii tang trudng cua dat nU6c tiing thdi ky Do dd, kinh te vdi phat triln van hoa, y te', nd cdn phai chiu sii quan Iy cua Nha khoa hpc - cdng nghe, giao due - ddo nUdc xa hpi chu nghia Ben canh vide s\i dung cd che thi tao, dac biet la phai hudng sU phdt trien kinh te'vdo viec thuc hien cdc trUdng, ap dung eae hinh thQc kinh t l muc tieu vdn hod, y te, khoa hoe, va phUdng phap quan ly eua kinh te' thi gido duCf ddo tao Ndi each khac sU trUdng dl kich thieh san xua't, giai kit hdp giQa tang trUdng kinh te' vdi phdng sQc san xua't, Nhd nUdc edn quan thiie hien cdng bang vd tien bd xa hdi ly nen kinh te' bang chie'n lUdc, quy phai dUdc the hien tQng hoach, ke' hoach, chinh sach, phap ludt; dd, viec sii dung eae chinh sach chinh sach phat triln kinh te D I ldm dUdc dieu nay, xSy diing kinh tl, ma trUde hdt va quan trpng cac quye't sach phat triln kinh te, nhat la cac ehinh sach ve cac va'n de sd ehung ta phai chii y tdi vai trd dieu tiet hQu, quan ly, phan phd'i, tdi ehinh, tien eua nha nUdc Ve vd'n de nay, cd quan te dl dinh hQdng dd'i vdi sii phat trien diem eho rSng, chuydn sang kinh te' kinh te' thi trudng la mpt nhiing thi trUdng, nha nUdc khdng can phai van de ed ban, cd tinh cha't then chd^ can thiep vdo kinh td' va khdng can nhat de vQa dam bao sii tang trUdng thie't phai kd' hoaeh hda vi md nln kinh kinh te', vQa dam bao viec thiic hien td' Day Id quan diem hoan toan sai lam cdng bang va tien bd xa hdi Trdn thiic te', nln kinh te tU ban chii nghia, chiing ta cung khdng the xem cac quan hd thi trUdng hoat ddng theo quy luat kinh te khdeh quan mpt each biet lap vdi sii dieu tiet ciia nha nUdc Nha nUdc, mgt mat, can can nhac ky ludng nhQng menh lenh hanh chinh de cho cac hoat dpng thi trUdng dUdc didn chu yeu theo sii hUdng ddn cua eae quy luat gia tri, quy luat eung eau, canh tranh; bao dam nguyen tac van hanh cua nen kinh te' la nguyen tac thi trudng "tii dieu chinh" Mat khdc, a Viet Nam, kinh te thi trUdng la kinh ti' thi tritdng dinh hitdng xd hgi chu nghia, khdng phai Id thi trUdng tu dieu tiet hoan toan, nham dat dUdc sU tang trudng kinh te thuan tuy, md cdn phai TQ nhiing dinh hUdng tren day, vide thiie hien cdng bang va tien bp xa hdi nln kinh te' thi trUdng h Viet Nam can tuan thu cac nguyen tac sau day: 1) Ke't hdp cdc nguyin tdc phdn phdi theo eg che thi tritdng vdi phdn phoi qua phuc loi oca hoi Cd thd ndi, phan phoi Id mdt phUdng thQc ed ban eua viec thiic hien cdng bang va tie'n bp xa hpi Vi vay, viec xay dung mgt nguyin tde phdn phoi phii hop la cdng viee het sQc quan trpng hien Trong nen kinh te thi trQdng dinh hudng xa hpi chii nghia, chiing ta phai kit hdp nhilu hinh thQc phan phdi Trong dd, phan phdi lan dau phan phd'i theo ddng gdp vo'n, ddng gdp ve tri v u VAN VIEN tue, ddng gdp ve sQc lao ddng lay hieu vdn hod, gido due • ddo tao, khoa hgc qua kinh te Id chinh Da'y chinh la hinh cdng nghe, phdt trien ngitdi thQc phan phdi theo cd che' thi trUdng TQ tie'n hanh edng eudc ddi mdi bieu hidn qua ldi nhuan, tien lUdng den nay, Dang Cdng san va Nhd nUdc Ben canh dd, ciing phai thiie hien phan Viet Nam phai xay dUng mot xa hdi van phd'i lai - phSn phd'i eho nhiing ngudi ed minh, tie'n bp, phat trien eon ngUdi mdt cdng vdi xd hdi, cho nhiing ngUdi gap each toan dien Hdn nQa, chiing ta ludn rui ro Day chinh la phan phd'i theo xac dinh ro eon ngUdi vQa la muc tieu, phuc ldi xa hdi dUdc thd hien qua cac vQa la ddng liic cua mpi sQ phat trien che' dp dai ngd, cac chinh sach trd cap Dd thiic hien dUde cac nhiem vu neu xa hdi Mue dieh eua sii kdt hdp Id tren, viec d^y manh tang trudng kinh vQa bao dam cho eae chii the tham gia te' la chUa du Sii tang trUdng kinh td' kinh te' thi trQdng cd dilu kidn dua cung lam ehi cai thien dUdc ve mat vat tranh phat huy tai nang va cd ldi nhuan cha't eua ddi sd'ng nhan dan De thUe eao, vQa tao duoc dieu kien cho mpi hien tie'n bd xa hdi, chung ta edn phai ngUdi ddn cdng dong cd dUdc cupc chii y nang cao ddi sd'ng tinh th^n cua sd'ng on dinh, phat trien binh thudng nhan dan Vi vay, ciing vdi vide day Ke't hdp chat che nhQng nguyen tac nhanh phat trien kinh te', ehiing ta phai phan phd'i cua chii nghia xa hdi va day manh phat trien van hoa, giao due nguyen tac phan phd'i theo ed ehl cua ddo tao, khoa hpc - edng nghe kinh te thi tnidng nhQ tren Id bieu hien cu the eua vide thiie hien cdng bang va tie'n bd xa hdi nen kinh te thi trUdng dinh hUdng xa hdi chu nghia Ben canh dd, Nha nUde phai ehu ddng dilu tidt thu nhap giQa cac tang Idp dan cU Mgt mat, Nha nUdc phai cd chinh sach de giam bdt khoang each chenh lech giQa Idp ngUdi gidu va Idp ngUdi ngheo, khdng de dien sii chenh lech qua mQc giQa cac vung, mien, cac ddn tdc vd cac t^ng Idp ddji cU, thiic hien td't chinh sdch an sinh xa hpi Mat khdc, Nha nUdc phai ed chinh sach, bien phap bao ve thu nhap ehinh dang, hdp phap cho ngUdi giau, khuyd'n khich ngUdi cd tai nang Van hoa la nen tang tinh than cua xa hpi Vi vay, chie'n lUdc phat trien van hoa, ehung ta chii trUdng: "Xay diing nln van hoa Viet Nam tien tie'n dam da ban sac dan tpe"(3), dUa phong trao "toan dan doan ke't xay diing ddi sd'ng van hoa di vao chieu sau, thie't thiic, hieu qua"(4) Vl giao due - dao tao, khoa hpc - cdng nghe, chiing ta cung hit sQc coi trpng Dang ta chu trUdng: 'That huy nguon lUc tri tue vd sQc manh tinh than cua ngUdi Viet Nam; coi phat triln giao due va dao tao, khoa hpc va cdng nghe la 2) Ki't hdp giita viec ddy manh phdt trien kinh te vdi tdng ct/dng phdt trien dai gia, (3) Dang Cong san Viet Nam Vdn kiin Dai hgi bieu todn quoc lan thU X Nxb Chinh t n Quoc Ha Noi, 2006, tr.213 (4) Dang C6ng san Viet Nam Van kien Dgi hgi bieu todn quoc idn thUXI Nxb Chinh tri Quoc H a N o i , 2011,tr,233 dai gia KINH TE THI TRUtiNG DINH HUONG XA HQI C H O NGHIA nen tang va ddng liic cua cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa"(5) 3) ThUc hiin cdng bdng vd tien bg xd hgi phdt trien kinh tetgo ddng lUc cho sU phdt trien thong qua viic sit dung cdc chinh sdch kinh te, xd hgi Hd thd'ng cac chinh sach ndy, mgt mat, gdp phan dilu tilt sii phat triln kinh te; mat khdc, gdp phan ke't hdp hdi hoa sU phat tren kinh te' vdi viee thiic hidn edng bang va tie'n bd xa hpi Chdng han, mpt sd' chinh sach sau day: Chinh sdch lao dgng vd viec ldm Ddy la chinh sach kinh td' - xa hdi cd ban NO cd nhiem vu dao tao, boi dUdng ngu6n lao ddng ed kien thUe, ky nang va lUdng tam nghe nghiep ngdy cang cao, tao nhilu vide lam mdi, dong thdi sv( dung hieu qua nguon liic ay, giam dan ty Id that nghiep va thieu vide ldm, vUdn tdi toan dung lao ddng xa hdi Dd chinh Id bien phap quan trpng de vQa thue day tang tnidng kinh te, vQa nang eao dan tri, dao tao nhan tai phat huy tiem nang lao ddng, sang tao cdng dong tao nen ddng liie eho phat trien xa hdi bin vQng ed'u t^ng thilt yd'u, phat huy quyln lam chu cho ngudi nghdo va cdng dong nghdo dl giiip hp tii vUdn Ien thoat nghdo, thu hep d i n khoang each vl trinh dd phat triln, ve thu nhap va mUc sd'ng gifla cac t ^ g Idp dan cU, eae phan dan toe, cac viing miln ca nUdc Vi^" chinh sdch tdi chinh, tien ti Ben canh cac edng eu khac, Nhd nUde thiic hien vai trd quan ly n l n kinh t l thdng qua mdt chQc ndng quan trpng nQa la hoach dinh cac chinh sach tai chinh, tien te Chinh sach tai chinh, tien te la chinh sach dilu tiet kinh te' vi md ciic ky quan trpng cua Nha nUde nen kinh te' thi trudng, cd anh hudng Idn din cac bie'n s6', nhU edng an viec Idm, tang trudng, lam phat Do dd, xay diing dUdc chinh sach tai chinh, tien te phii hdp se nang cao chd't lUdng tang tnidng, bao dam sii phat triln an toan, lanh manh cua n l n kinh te' Thiie hidn cac ehinh sach tai chinh, tien te diing ddn se tao ddng liic to Idn eho sU phat trien cua da't nude Chinh sdch xoa doi, gidm ngheo Day khdng ddn thuan ehi la mot chinh sach tQ thidn, ma la mdt he thd'ng chinh sach kinh te, xa hdi, vdn hda, chinh tri vd mdi trUdng nhdm tac dpng tnic tiep va gian tiep de'n cac nguyen nhan cd ban dan de'n ddi ngheo, tao cd hdi binh ddng cho mpi ngUdi, thiie hien dan chu phat trien kinh te Do Id cac chinh sach giao quyln sii diing dat, tao vd'n, chuyen giao tie'n bd ky thuat, hd trd ve giao due va y te', hd trd xay diing kd't Kinh t l thi tnidng dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghia cf Viet Nam dang phat huy tinh tich ciic cua nd - giai quye't mdt each cd hidu qua eae nhiem vu kinh tl, xa hdi cua ddt nude Nd chdng nhiing giup cho viec day nhanh sii tang tnidng kinh tl, ma eon gdp p h ^ to Idn thiic hien cdng bang va tien bd xa hdi Q 10 (5) Dang Cpng san Viet Nam Vdn kien Dgi hoi dgi bii'u todn quoc lan thii IX Nxb Chinh tri QuSc gia Ha N5i, 2001, tr.91 ... hinh kinh te'' trd bien nen kinh te, thiic day xa hdi hoa san xuat kinh doanh va sd hiiu Hoan thien ed chd'', chinh sach dl phat trien manh kinh te'' tU nhan trd mot nhQng ddng liic cua nen kinh. .. phan kinh te'', Dang Cong san Viet Nam chu trUdng "phat tridn nhanh, hai hoa cac phan kinh te'' va cac loai hinh doanh nghiep Phai tang cUdng tiem liic va nang cao hieu qua cua kinh te'' nha nUdc Kinh. .. nen kinh te, gdp phan on dinh kinh te'' vi md Phat trien kinh te'' tdp the vdi nhieu hinh thQc hdp tae da dang ma ndng cdt la hdp tac xa Khuyen khich phat trien cac hinh thQc td chQc san xuat kinh