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NghiSn ciiu Gia d i n h va Gidi S6 - ^ieu chuan iua chgn ngirai ban dai d mot lang dong bang song Hong 75 nam vira qua Ngo Thj Thanh Quy Lien higp cac Hfli Khoa hoc va Ky thuat Viet Nam Tom tat: Dpa vao nguon so' li^u dieu tra thuc nghiim ve hon nhan tai lang Tam Sdn (xa Tam Sdn, huyen Tfl Sdn, tinh Bac Ninh), bai viet phan tich cac nguyen nhan ddn den su bie'n doi cac ti§u chudin lUa chon ban ddi ciia cac the he qua cac giai doan tfl 1938 de'n 2013 Theo do, tac gia cho rdng su van hanh va bie'n doi ciia cac tieu chuan lua chon ngUoi ban ddi c) lang Tam Sdn la lien tuc tfl th^' he sang the he khac, co su ke thiia, nang cao va hoan thien hdn tflng giai doan Bang chflng la cac gia tri nhu khoe manh, co dao dflc to't, co ly lich sach luon dupc gifl vflng ca nhom thuoc giai doan ke't hon khac nhau; cac tieu chi khac nhU co hpc van, co nghe nghiep, c6 tinh yeu CO ty le ngUcfi lUa chon tang dan qua cac th§' he TiJf khoa: Lua chon ban d6i; Hon nhan; Gia dinh; Bie'n doi gia dinh Trong vai thap nien gdn day ngdnh Xa hdi hpc d nudc ta da tap trung kha nhilu vao viec nghiin ctm bifi'n ddi gia dinh Viet Nam tfl truyin thdng din hifin tai Khdng ft cac nghiin cflu da di sau md ta va phan lich su biln ddi trin cac phuang difin chflc nang va cdu true ciia gia dinh qua dd mang Iai cho ban dpc mdt su hilu bilt tupng dd'i cd hfi ihd'ng vi su biln ddi ay Tuy nhifin, bflc tranh vl su bie'n ddi gia dinh Viet Nam vdn cdn mdt khoang trdng chua dupc Idp ddy - dd la su bien ddi vi van hda gia dinh 86 Nghien cflu Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 24, so 4, tr.85-93 ndi chung, cung nhu bie'n ddi he gia tri gia dinh ndi rifing O bai viet nay, dua vao ngudn sfl' lieu diiu tra thuc nghiem tai lang Tam San (xa Tam Son, huyen Tfl San, linh Bdc Ninh) vl hfln nhan khoang ba phdn tu the ky vfla qua, chung tdi hy vpng se ddng gdp dupc mdt phdn nhd be nhdm ldp ddn khoang trdng Gldl thieu ^la ban va phuong phap nghien aiu Dia bdn khdo sdt la Tam Son - mdt lang Ihudc xa Tam Son, huyen Tfl Son tinh Bdc Ninh, each Ha Ndi khoang 20km vl phi'a Bde Day la mdt lang Viet cd, dupc hinh tfl thdi Hiing Vuang Den cudi the ky X ddu Ihl ky XI Tam Scm da la mdt nhung vi tri quan irpng ddi sdng chinh tri, kinh te va tfln giao eiia ddt nudc (Td Duy Hpp, 1993:16) Tam Son la mdt lang khoa bang, Ifl thdi nha Tran da cd ngudi dfl dai khoa (Nguyin Quan Quang dfl trang nguyen vdo nam 1246), tilp dd dudi cac thdi nhd Le nha Mac, nha Nguyin, lang deu cd ngudi dfl dat cao va lam quan Irong trilu dinh Tam San cung la lang cd truyln thfl'ng each mang Nhilu ngudi cua lang da tham gia each mang tfl thdi k^ lap Dang, til'p din la tham gia vao hai cupc khang chiin chd'ng Phap va ehfl'ng My thuc hifin gidi phdng dan tflc va ihfl'ng nhdt ddl nude Hifin ngudi dan Tam Son vdn tu hao vi da phat huy dupc ca truyin Ihfl'ng khoa bang va truyln thfl'ng each mang ciia cha dng Ca ldng hien cd 21 ddng hp cflng sinh sdng, dd cd 200 ngudi tdt nghifip dai hpc, hon 10 ngudi cd hpc ham hpc vj trfin dai hpc mfli nam diu cd khoang trin 30 hpc sinh dd vao dai hpc- (Sd Van hda - Thflng tin Bdc Ninh va Uy ban nhan dan xa Tam Son 2003) Tai thdi dilm khao sal (thang 11 nam 2013), Tam Son cd 1.210 hd gia dinh, 4.276 nhan khau, dien tich canh tac 589,76 mdu Bdc Bfl, dien tich da't d 62.13 Ngodi chan nufli va trdng trpt, mdy nam gan day nhflng ngudi dan di lam cflng vi nghi mdc d lang Ddng Ky trd vl lang IU dflng md xudng, san phdm chii ylu la ban ghe hoac dd gfl my nghfi Hifin co khoang 60% sd hfl cua Iang tham gia vao nghe ndy Vi thfi'Tam San trd nen nhpn nhjp Tii ddi mdi, Tam Son cd su chuyen ddi dang kl Khung canh lang khang trang han trudc Id'i chinh vao lang dupc dd nhua, dudng sa di lai dupe bfi tdng hda Cdc cdng trinh cdng cflng nhu cdng vifin Ngd Gia Tu trudng mam non dupc dau tu xay dung bl thi Nha d dupc xay kifin cfl', nhieu nha cao tang mpc len, 100% sd hfl cd dien thap sang Cac phuang lien truyln thflng dai chung nhu radid, li vi, difin thoai di ddng cang tang lln dac biet thdi gian gdn day Tam Scm cd khodng 10% Ngo T h i T h a n h Q u y 87 hd cd may tinh ndi mang Xe dap mdi nha cd tfl dfi'n chiec Sd xe may lang ddn theo thdi gian va Iang da cd vai chifi'c d tfl lu nhan Su nghifip cdng nghifip hda, hifin dai hda va ca c h i thj trudng cd anh hudng rd net t6i ddi sdng cu dan lang Cuflc nghifin cun ciia chflng tfli dupc thuc hien theo phttong phdp dieu tra chgn mdu Can cfl theo hd khdu va sd theo ddi dang ky kit hfln Uy ban nhan dan (UBND) xa cung cap, chflng tfli cflng vdi trudng thfln tifi'n hdnh lap danh sdch cac cap vp chdng lrong thdn theo thfl tu tfl nam kit hdn sdm nha't den nam kit hdn mufln nhdt Theo danh sach nay, 445 cap vp chdng dupc lua chpn mflt cdch ngdu nhiin hi Ihd'ng (\'di mflc y nghTa 95% khoang tin cay Id 3,5% va budc nhay Id 3) C) mfli cap vp chdng chi phdng vdn vp hoac chdng, dd nam va nfl lrong lap mdu khdng phai Id vp chdng cua Mdu dupc lua chpn cd tinh den yeu tfl' gidi tinh nam kit hfln va dja ban cu tni Trong danh sach 445 cap vp chdng dupc lira chpn cap kfi't hfln sdm nhdt la vao nam 1938 va cap ke't hdn mudn nhdt vao nam 2013, nghTa la cdch din ba phdn tu thIky (75 nam) Dua vao nhung su kien quan trpng vl kinh tl, chinh tri van hod, xa hfli ciia ddt nudc chiing tdi chia khpang thdi gian Ihanh giai doan, mfli giai doan diu cd dfl dai tren 20 nam, Iflpng flng vdi mdt thlhe Dem so sanh quan nilm cung nhu hanh vi gifla ba thlhe se thdy dupe su van hanh va bifi'n ddi ciia khufln mdu lua chpn ban ddi d Tam San tfl 1938 dl'n Nhdm bd sung cho cac sd lifiu dinh lupng, cuflc khao sal cdn tifi'n hanh phdng van sau 30 trudng hpp bao gdm ca nam va nfl ngudi gid va ngudi tre id chflc cudc thao luan nhdm tap trung de nghe y kiln va each giai thich ciia chinh ngudi dan vl su Iua chpn tiiu chudn kit hdn ciia hp Tieu chuan lira chon ngirdi ban ddl d Tam Son qua ba glal doan 2.1 Gial doan tfl 1938-1959 Nhdm kl't hdn giai doan ed 92 ngudi chiem 20,7% tdng sd mdu dd nam 41 ngudi (44.6%) nfl 51 ngudi (55.4%) Nhung ngudi kit hfln giai doan din da rdt cao ludi, ngudi gia nhdt la 91 tudi, ngudi it ludi nhat cung ngdt 70 Dac diem ciia giai doan la tudi kit hfln khdng diu gifla eac vien ciia nhdm bdi nhdm cd ngudi tao hfln nam 11 tudi dd cd ngudi din 34 ludi mdi kit hdn ldn ddu Tudi kfi't hfln trung binh cho ca nhdm nam va nhdm nfl la 20,1 tudi tinh rifing nhdm nam la 21.3 tudi nhdm nfl la 18.9 tudi Tdng hpp kit qua dieu ira vl tifiu chudn Iua chpn ngudi ban ddi d nhdm chung tdi ldp dupc bang 88 Nghien cflu Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 24, so 4, tr.85-93 Bang L Tleu chuan lira chon nguci ban d6i a Tam Son giai doan 1938 -1959 Tieu chuan Khoe manh Co dao diic toi SiSng nang, can cu C3 gan nha (cung liing ciing xa) TTiitong ySu Co ly ljch sach Theo sir lua chon cua bo me, ho hiing M6n dang ho doi Co trinh hoc van Co nghe nghiep va thu nhap on dinh Do chinh quyen doan the sSp dat Khac Su ngutri 78 77 52 4.5 27 26 23 23 2 Ty le % 84,8 83,7 56.5 48,9 29.3 28.3 25.0 25.0 7.6 5.4 2,2 2,2 Trong bang 1, chung tdi dac bifit luu y tdi gia trj thudc phdm chdt ngudi, ddng thdi cung la cdc chudn muc xa hdi dupc de cao (chifi'm tfl 28,3% de'n 84,8%), dd la khde manh, sieng nang - cdn cCi, cd dao dflc td't, d gdn nhd, cd Iy Ijch sach va linh thuang ylu ldn Tai fl-ong hdn nhan ngudi la lai d i cao va lua chpn cac gia tri nay? Chinh ngudi dan da cho bifi't: 'W/iiftig ngitdi khde mgtth thi ldm rugng ciing gioi" (nfl, kfi't hdn nam 1949, lam ndng nghifip) Dupc hoi ve cac tieu chudn cd dao diic td't va d gdn nha, mdt nam gidi cho biet; "(7 ldng ndy ngifdi ta coi trgng linh nghia lam NgUdi ta quan diem rang "khd Idng cdn hffn sang thien hg " Nhitng ngudi phdi di idy vg, lay chong thien hg Id vi ldng khdng Id'y ditcfc mdi lay thien hg " (nam, ke't hdn nam 1956, ldm thu cdng nghifip) Ve tifiu chuan thucmg yfiu ldn nhau, mdt phu nir cdn khdng djnh: "Ndi den ddn ong Idng ndy Id hg khdng phdn biet viec ndy Id viec cita ddn ong hay viec cita ddn bd Ndi that Id hg cd tinh thuo/ig trdch nhiem gia dinh" (nfl, kfi't hdn nam 1959, lam ndng nghiep) Rd rang la su lira chpn gid trj hdn nhan d day mdt phdn la theo phong tuc, tap quan, song phdn quan trpng han la xudt phat tfl nhung gi gan gui vd thilt thuc chinh cupc sfl'ng cua hp 2.2 Giai doan tti 1960-1985 Giai doan cd 154 ngudi kfi't hfln, chifi'm 34,6% tdng sd ngudi dupc khao sat, Irong dd nam 81 ngudi (52,6%)), nu 73 ngudi (47,4%) Nhdm kit hdn tfl 1960-1985 dfi'n dang d Ifla tudi tfl 45 den 70 tudi Trong nhdm ciing cd su khflng ddng diu ve tudi kit hdn: cd ngudi kfi't hfln ldn ddu gdn 40 tudi, dd cd mdt sd ngudi kfi't hdn Idn ddu nam 17 tudi Tudi kfi't hfln trung binh cho ca nhdm nam vd nhdm nfl la 22,2 tudi, tinh Ngo Thi Thanh Quy Bang Tieu chuan lua chon nguoi ban dcri a Tam Son giai doan 1960-1985 Tieu chuan Co dao diJc 161 Khoe manh Thirong y^u Siting nang can cCi O gSn nhil (ciing lang ciing \a) Co 1^ lich lrong sach Co irinh d(> hoc van CA nghe nghiSp va thu nhap on dinh Theo su lira chon ciia bo me ho hang Mon dang h6d6i Do chinh quy^n doan ih^ sdp dai Khac SCi ngirjri 149 141 103 99 68 44 28 27 22 14 I Ty le '"< 96.8 91.6 66.9 64.3 44.2 28,6 18.2 17 T 14.3 9.1 0.6 1.3 riing nhdm nam la 23,7 tudi, nhdm nfl Id 20,7 tudi Sfl' lieu dilu tra cua chiing tfli vi tiiu chudn lua chpn ban ddi cua giai doan dupc phan bd d bang So sdnh vdi kfi't qua dilu ira d bang ta thdy ty lfi nhiing ngudi kit hfln thuc hdnh cac gia tri va chudn muc xa hdi nhu d gdn nha, theo su lua chpn ciia bd me va hp hang hay mdn dang hd dd'i da giam xudng dang kl, cac gid trj khde manh sieng nang - cdn cfl cd dao dflc td't, cd trinh dd hpc vdn, cd ly ljch sach, cd nghe nghifip va thu nhap dn djnh khdng nhflng dflpc bao luu ma cdn tang lln, dac biet lieu chudn thuang yeu da tang Ifin khd manh (tfl 29,3% Ifin 66,9%) Su van hdnh va bifi'n ddi ciia cac gid tri va chudn muc viec lua chpn ngudi ban ddi d lang Tam Son giai doan 1960-1985 nhu vfla neu khdng phai Id hien tupng mang linh ngdu nhien, ma ed nhiing nguyen nhan hoac true tilp hoac sau xa cua nd Qua cac cudc phdng vdn sau ddi vdi ngudi dan va can bfl dja phuang, chting tfli ghi nhan mdt sd nguyen nhan CO ban sau day Thfl nhdt, tfl nhiing nam I960, Luat Hfln nhan va gia dinh cua nudc Viet Nam dan chii cflng hda (ban hanh ngdy 29 thang 12 nam 1959) da dupc phd bien rdng rai d Tam San Vdi tinh thdn ca ban md Bfl Luat da quy djnh la mdi ca nhan deu cd loan quyen lua chpn va quyfi't djnh vific hdn nhan cua minh, thi cdc bac cha me du cd mud'n niu kio cdc chudn muc xua cij de'n dau cung khdng dam can thiep thd bao dd viec sdp dat cfla cha me theo mdn dang hd ddi da giam xufl'ng Thfl hai cung tfl nhung nam 1960, ben canh cuflc khang ehiln ehfl'ng My cflu nudc d miln Bdc cdn bat ddu su nghiep xay dung chii nghia xa hdi vdi khau 90 Nghien cuu Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 24, so 4, tr.85-93 hifiu sd'ng theo "ddi sdng mdi", rdi phong trao hpp tac hda, nhdt Id san xud't ndng nghifip Trong bd'i canh dd, duong nhifin la cac gia trj nhfl khde manh, can cfl, cd dao dflc, cd hpc van dupc dl cao Thfl ba, mdt nhung ttni quan trpng cua giai doan 1960-1985 d nudc ta la su nghiep giao due Tam Son, hau hit nhung ngudi kit hdn giai doan ma chung tfli phdng van deu da tfl't nghiep cdp II (tflc ia phd thdng co sd hiln nay) Ne'u so vdi sd 95%; dan sd Viet Nam trudc nam 1945 la mu ehfl, thi day qua thue la su tiln bfl vupt bac Vdi Irinh dp hoc van dy Ihi khdng mdy lai coi nhe cac tifiu chuan nhu cd ly Ijch sach, co nghi nghiep va nhdt la cd tinh yfiu thuang fl-ong vile lua chpn y trung nhan cua dc« minh 2.3 Giai doan 1986-2013 O giai doan cd 199 ngudi ke't hdn, chifi'm 44.7% tdng sd ngudi dupc khao sat, dd nam 112 ngudi (56,3%), nii 87 ngudi (43,7%) Nhdm dang d lfla tudi 20-45 giai doan nay, ngudi kit hdn Idn ddu cd tudi ddi cao nhdt la 34 ludi, ngudi thap nhdt la 17 tudi Tudi kfi't hdn trung binh cho ca nhdm nam va nhdm nfl la 22,5 tudi, Iinh rieng nhdm nam la 24,3 tudi, nhdm nu la 20,8 ludi Dp dai cua giai doan gdn 30 nam, trung vdi thdi ky ddi mdi ciia ddt nudc Sd' lifiu dilu tra djnh lupng cf giai doan the hiln d bang sau day: Bang cho thay viec hdn nhan ciia ngudi dan Tam Sen d thdi ky ddi mdi (tfl 1986 den 2013), ngoai cac gia trj mang tinh dn djnh nhu khoe manh, cd dao dflc td't, thi vific lua chpn ngudi ban ddi vdn diln theo hai xu hudng Dd la ly le tuan thii cac gia tri va chuan mflc mang ti'nh cd truyln nhu d gan nha mdn dang hd dd'i, ke't hdn theo su sip dat Bang Tieu chuan lua chon ngufli ban dfli a Tam Son giai doan 1986 den 2013 Tieu chuan Co dao di'rc lot Khoe manh 'niucmg yeu Sieng nang can cii Co ly lich lrong sach gan nha (cung ling, ciing xa) Co ti'inh hoc van Co nghe nghiep vii lhu nhap rin dinh Mon ddng ho doi Theo sir lua chon cua bo me, ho hiing Do chinh i|uy€n doan Ihc sdp dai Khac So nguoi Ty lc % i?i 185 154 112 77 76 43 43 16 I 96^0 93.0 77.4 56,3 38.7 38.2 21.6 21,6 8,0 3,0 0.0 0.5 Ngo Thi Thanh Quy 91 cua bd me va hp hang tifi'p lue giam xud'ng Ihi ty Ifi lua chpn cdc lieu chuan nhu cd trinh dd hpc van, cd ly Ijch sach, cd nghe nghifip va Ihu nhap thuong ylu khdng ngiing tang Ifin Dac bill, cdn nhdn manh la tifiu chudn "sifing nang - can cu" da giam tfl 64,3% xufl'ng cdn 56,3% va hfln nhan "do chi'nh quyin, doan thi sap dat" tfl 0,6% xufl'ng cdn 0,0% ngudi lua chpn Tai ngudi dan Tam Son da lua chpn cac gid trj hdn nhan nhu tren va su lua chpn ay phan anh dilu gi sir van hanh cua ddi sd'ng gia dinh tfl trudc Cach mang thang Tam nam 1945 dfi'n nay? Can cfl vao cae kit qua dieu tra djnh iupng d bang va bang 3, chiing tdi dac bifit luu y tdi su van hanh va bifi'n ddi cac tieu chudn lua chpn ngudi ban ddi d Tam Son qua hai giai doan bao cdp va ddi mdi Rd rang la su bien ddi khdng mang tinh dflt gay hoac dot bie'n ma mang ti'nh lien tuc, giai doan Irudc dat tiin di cho giai doan sau, giai doan sau nang cao va hoan thien cho giai doan Irudc Nlu dgiai doan 1960-1985 cac nhan id nhu Luat Hdn nhan va gia dinh, phong trao sd'ng theo nep sd'ng mdi Irinh dd hpc vdn dupc nang cao da tao su chuyin biln viec Iua chpn cac lieu chuan hdn nhan mdi thi dgiai doan tfl 1986 de'n 2013 cac nhan id nhu cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda va nhdt la viec thuc hien Chi thj sd 30CT/TW 18/2/1998 ciia Bfl Chinh tri (khda VIII vl xay dung va Ihuc hiln Quy ehi dan chu d co sd) chinh la nhting dflng Iuc thiic day cho su van hanh va bifi'n ddi dy them hoan thien Cac sd lieu vi ly le kfi't hdn "sdp dat ciia bd me" giam xudng chi cdn 3% va "do chinh quyin, doan thi" la 0,0% ciia giai doan da ndi Ifin dilu dd Nhung cdn tifiu chuan "sifing nang-cdn cii" d hai giai doan 1960-1985 va 1986-2013 da giam tfl 64.3% xudng cdn 56.3% thi sao? Qua that day la mflt dilu rdt mdi Ai cung bifi't sieng nang, can cu la mdt phdm chal rdt cao qu;^ d ngudi, ddng thdi cung la mflt gia tri quan trpng The tai lrong vific Iua chpn ngudi ban ddi ciia ngudi dan Tam San hien ly le ddnh cho tifiu chudn lai giam xud'ng? Chting ta hay nghe su giai thich tfl chinh ngudi dan Day la Idi mot ngudi me tre: "Sieng ndng cdn cii thi hao gid ciing Id dieu quy nhd'l Cdi Idng ndy cdi xd ndy md de'n gid Id nhd cdi tinh sieng ndng cdn cii dy ddy Tdi ndi nluf vdy cd diing khdng? Nhimg md nhu nhd lot ddy tif ngdy nhgn khodn, cd nhd clu cd 3-4 rugng mdi mtia vu xi'im vdo idm chi cd 5-6 tudn Id xong viec Ay vdy tiu mudn sieng ndng cdn cii cimg chang duoc" (nfl kfi't hdn nam 1990, lam nflng nghifip) Cdn day la suy nghT ciia mflt giao vifin da vi huu hifin dang sdng d Iang: "Tdi idm nghe dgy hge nen t()i biet Trong viec dgy dd Iwc trd anh em vdn thudng bdo 92 Nghien cCru Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 24, so 4, tr.85-93 nhau, thdi ihi Id'y cdn cii bit thdng minh Nhimg day Id viec di dgy vd di hoc ihdi chimg tdi Cdn bdy gid Id lrong thdi budi kinh le'titi trudng nitdc minh cimg dd vdo WTO (id chitc thuong mgi the gidi) rdi, the thi minh phdi bie't tinh lodn ldm dn biel hgi nhdp vdi the'gidi Nen minh chi'sudt ddi sieng ndng cdn cii md khdng ddi mdi, thi sudt ddi ctlng chi di Idm time cho ngitdi la thdi" (nam, kfi't hdn nam 1972 giao vifin ve huu) Co le nhflng y kifi'n trfin day ciia ngudi dan eung dii giai thich tai ty ll lua ehpn lieu ehuan "sifing nang - cdn cu" irong hfln nhan hien da giam xufl'ng Ddl ldi nhan xet Nhin lai su van hdnh va bien ddi cua cac tifiu chuan \\ta chpn ngudi ban ddi d ldng Tam San 75 nam qua (tfl 1938 dfi'n 2013), ta d i dang nhan thay su van hanh a day la lien tuc tfl thd he sang i h l he khac, cac phong tuc va truyen thdng van hda cua lang id kha bin vflng, su bil'n ddi diin ddn ddn d tflng bp phan va cd su ke thfla nang cao va hoan ihifin hon lung giai doan Bang chung la cac gia trj nhu khde manh, cd dao diic tdt, cd ly ljch lrong sach lufln dupc gifl vting d ca nhdm thudc giai doan kfi't hdn khac nhau; cdn cac lieu chudn nhu gdn nha theo su sdp dai ciia cha me mdn dang hfl ddi hay cd hpc van, cd nghe nghifip, cd tlnh yfiu ciing cd ly le ngudi lua chpn giam dan hoac tang dan qua cac thi he Su van hanh va bifi'n ddi lilu chudn lua chpn ngudi ban ddi tren day co nhflng ly xa hdi ciia nd Do cd the la ket qua eua phong trao sd'ng theo "ddi sd'ng mdi" dupc phat ddng tfl nhiing nam 1950, la Luat Hdn nhan va gia dinh da di vao cudc sd'ng va sau nua la tifi'n trinh cdng nghiep hda, hiln dai hda tdc dflng cua nin kinh le thi trudng, su chi phd'i ciia xu thi loan cdu hda va hdi nhap qud'c tfi' Vific phan tich nguyen nhan ddn dfi'n su bieii ddi cac tifiu chudn lira ehpn ban ddi d lang Tam San quang thdi gian tfl 1938 den 2013 khdng chi la su phan anh cua hien thuc xa hpi, mdt hien thuc dang U"en dudng bil'n ddi, ma cdn cho thdy hdn nhan khdng chi la chuyfin duyen so hay lifi'ng gpi cua tim, ma cdn chju su che dinh ciia nhtmg dieu kifin lich su cu Ihl, hay ndi khac di cdn la su lua chpn cac gia trj va chudn mUC CLia thdi dai.B Tai lieu trich dan Dinh Xuan LAm 2003 "Ddu dn truyen ihdng va hien dai" Trong: Ldng Tam San truyen Ihdng vd hien dgi Sd Van hda - Thong tin tinh Bdc Ninh va Uy ban nhan dan xa Tam Son Bdc Ninh, Ngo Thi Thanh Quy 93 Chi thj ctia Bo Chinh iri sd 30-Cr/TW 18/2/1998 (khoa VIII vi xay dimg va thirc hien Quy che dan chu a ca sd) Khudt Thu Hong 1996 Cdc md hinh hon nhdn d dchig bdng sdng Hdng tir truyen thdng den hien dgi Luan an Tien sT Le Ngoc Van 2007 "M6 hinh tim hilu va quyet dinh hon nhan d nong thon Viet Nam thdi ky ddi mdi" Tgp chi Xa hdi hoc sd 3(24)/2007 Litdl Hon nhdn vd gia dinh Viet Nam tif ndm 1950 de'n ndm 1959 1998 Nxb Chi'nh trj Qudc gia Ha Noi Ltidt Hdn nhdn vd gia dinh Viet Nam ndm 1986 vd nhifng vdn bdn cd lien quan Nxb Chinh trj Qudc gia Ha Ngi Mai Van Hai 2004 'Tim hilu van hoa Iang Viet vting chSu thd song Hong qua su bien ddi du&ng ban kinh kei hon hon nfla thIky qua." Tgp chiXdhgi hoc so 4/2004 Nguyen Huu Minh 2008 Khudn mdu Itfa chon ban ddi dViel Nam: truyen thd'ng vd hien ddi Ky yeu h6i thao quoc te'Viet Nam lan thfl ba Dai hoc Qudc gia Ha Npi Ha Noi Nguyen Huu Minh 1999 "Quyen tudo lira chon ban ddi d mot so tinh dong bdng song Hdng: tiuyin thdng va bien doi' Tgp chiXJ hgi hge sd I (65)/1999 Phan Kl Binh 1990 Viel Nam phong luc Nxb Tdng hpp Dong Thap T6 Duy Hpp va c6ng sir 1993 Tam Son truyen ihd'ng vd hien dgi Nxb Chinh tri quoc gia Ha N6i Trdn Dinh Luyen 2003 "Lang Tam Son - truyen thdng Ijch sir van hoa va va'n de kl thiTd" Trong: Ldng Tam Son Iruyen Ihd'ng vd hien dgi Sa Van hoa - Thong tin tinh Bdc Ninh va Uy ban nhan dan xa Tam Son Bdc Ninh So Van hda - Thdng tin tinh Bdc Ninh va Uy ban nhan dan xa Tam Son 2003 Ldng Tam Scfn - U uyen thdng vd hien dgi Bdc Ninh Toan Anh 2005 Nep cii ngifdi Viet Nam Nxb Tre TP Hd Chi Minh