O U A l M T R I IMGAISI H A N G S D O A N H N G H I E P Ti| vOUg b o ^ dong va kha iiang tiep c4n ktiaeh hang cua cac td chute tai chinh vi mo t^ Thanh Ha Ngi ThS NGUYEN TH! HAI Y^N NCS DANG THU THUY Oai hgc Ngo?i thu-cng Hoc vien Ngan h^ng Tu vimg hoat dong cua to chuc tai chinh vi mo (TCVM) va muc tiep can cua to chicc doi v&i khach hang muc tieu CO moi quan he chat che, bo tra cho Tinh tie vung cua to chuc let ca sa de to chuc TCVM co the ma rong kha nang tiep can vai khach hang va nguac lai, khd nang ma rong tiep can khach hdng cung giiip cdc to chuc TCVM ddm hao duac tinh ben vitng cua minh Bdi viet nhdm phdn tich thuc trang thuc hien mitc tieu tu vimg hogt dong vd khd ndng tiep can khdch hdng ciia cdc to chitc TCVM tgi thdnh Hd Noi Trong bdi viet ndy khdi niem to chirc TCVM duac hieu Id "logi hinh to chitc tin diing chu yeu thtic hien mot so hogt dong ngdn hdng nhdm ddp ung nhu cdu ciia cdc cd nhdn, ho gia Sinh co thu nhdp thdp vd doanh nghiep sieu nho " (theo Lugt Cdc to chitc tin dung Viet Nam, 2010, Diiu khodn 5) Theo nghia ndy, tinh din thdng 8/2015, tgi Thdnh phd Hd Noi co tS chitc TCVM duac Ngan hdng Nhd nuac Viet Nam (NHNN) cdp phep, CO chimg nhgn ddng ky hogt dong theo Lugt Doanh nghiep Do Id T6 chitc TCVM TNHH Mot thdnh vien Tinh thuang (ten goi tdt Id TYM) vd To chuc TCVM TNHHM7 (ten got tdt id M7-MF1) Tir khoa: to chicc tdi chinh vi mo, tie vimg hogt dong, miic tiep can khdch hdng IHANG ' " cfi un miAC tieu TIT virng ve hoat fifing Tu vung ve hoat dgng (Operational SelfSustainability, OSS) thS hien moi quan he giira thu nhap hoat dgng va tong chi phi hoat dgng (bao gom ca khau hao va du phong nii ro) cua to chuc TCVM Neu chi so 1cm hon 100% co nghia la to chuc TCVM CO the trang trai cac chi phi hoat dgng va khong phai dua vao vien trg de hoat dgng (Churchill va Frankiewics, 2006) Tu viJng ve hoat dgng cho thay kha nang tu trang trai cac chi phi bang tien mat de dam bao hoat dgng cua to chuc TCVM, khoan khau hao va du phong mat von Chi so tu vihig ve hoat dgng OSS duac tinh theo cong thuc: OSS = Thu nhap hogt dong -^ Tong chi phi hogt Mng (1) Hoac theo Microbanking Bulletin thi chi so tu virng ve hoat dgng OSS dugc tinh theo cong thirc: OSS = Thu nhgp tdi chinh •^ (Chi phi tdi chinh + Chi phi hogt dpng + Chi phidu phong mat von) (2) Tu virng ve mat hoat dgng thuc su de cap d8n kha nang tri tuotig lai tinh 6n AP CHI KHOA HQC & BAO T f O NGAN HAr ^1^ U A N THI N G A N H A N G S D O A N H NGHIEP Bang Ty le ty viing ho?t dong ciia cac to chli-c TCVM TYMvaM7-MFI DoTt vi tinh: ãã, ô M7-MFI chi nhanh Dong Trieu M7-MFI chi nhanh Mai San M7-MFI chi nhanh Uong Bi 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 129 146 135 135 129* 183 191 201 141 135* 145 140 141 140 150 134 112** 1 " 127 121 135 M7-MFI (toan bp) TYM 127* 0.81* M7-MFI Tru sa chinh 164 141 126 Nguon: Nguyin Kim Anh & Le Thanh Tdm (2013) doi vdi so lieu ve TYM M7-MF1 vd cdc chi nhdnh cdc ndm 2009-2012; (*) Nhdm tdc gid lif tinh lodn dua tren bdo cdo Thu nhdp (Ldi/Lo) nam 2013 cua M7-MFL (**) Nhdm tdc gid lif linh todn dica Iren Bdo cdo tdi chinh kiim todn cua M7MFInam 2013 2014 va cua TYM ndm 2012-2014 dinh ve mat hoat dgng ciia to chiic TCVM Doi voi cac to chuc TCVM, mgt nhihig muc tieu then chot la dat dugc tu viing ve mat hoat dgng de tri va tiep tuc phat trien hoat dgng cua minh (Guntz, 2011,fr.28) Bao cao thuong nien ciia TYM va M7-MFI cho thdy muc tu vung ve hoat dgng cua hai to chuc TCVM ke tir chuyen doi tra t6 chifc TCVM chinh thuc' (Bang 1) Bang cho thay hai to chuc TCVM la TYM va cac chi nhanh ciia M7-MFI deu dat chi so tu vung ve hoat dgng tren 100%, tham chi tren 120% (ngoai trir M7-MF1 tinh chung cho toan he thdng la 113% nam 2013 va 116% ' TYM chuyen a6i vao nam 2010, M7MFI chuyen doi v^o nam 2012 theo Giay ph6p thSnh lap va hoat dong s6 16a/GP-NHNN ciia Ngan hang Nha nifdc 13/01/2012 va chinh thi>c hogt dong tU 19/12/2012 theo GiJiy chi>ng nhan dang ky doanh nghiep s6 0106051004 19/12/2012 cua Sa K hoach va Dau tu Ha Noi 58 nam 2014) Co the ly giai hien tugng thong qua viec phan tich chi tiet cac khoan thu, chi cua M7-MFI nam 2013 Nam 2013, M7-MFI bit ddu CO hoat dgng tai tru sa chinh voi nguon thu la (1) Thu lai tien gui ngan hang (3.633.511 dong), (2) thu tir tir dich vu tu vdn (15.997.686 d6ng) va (3) thu khac (11.800 ddng), tao nen t6ng thu la 19.642.997 dong Nhu vay, tru sa chinh cua M7-MFI khong co hoat dgng cho vay von va khong CO thu lai cho vay (mgt khoan thu chii yen ciia cac to chuc TCVM) Trong do, nam 2013, tru sa chinh cua M7MFl da thuc hien hai khoan chi Ion la (1) Chi quan ly hanh chinh: 2.155.315.027 ddng (89,3% tong chi), chi luang la 1.282.102.878 d6ng (59,5% tdng chi quan ly hanh chinh) va (2) Chi tai san: 258.325.654 ddng (10,7% tong chi), d6 phan lan la chi thue tai san (204.000.000 d6ng, tuang duang 79,0% tdng chi tai san) AP CHI KHOA HQC & DAO TAO NGAN HAN va chi mua sam cdng cu, tai san (44.431.563 ddng, tuong duang 17,2% tong chi tai san) Mdt diem dang luu y la ca TYM va M7-MFI ddu cd chi so tu vimg ve hoat ddng thap hon so voi thdi gian truac chuyen ddi td chuc TCVM chinh thirc, dac biet la M7-MFI chi nhanh Mai Son Trudc chuyen doi, M7-MFI chi nhanh Mai Son CO ty le OSS x4p xi 200% Tuy nhien, sau chuyen ddi (tir 2012), tyle OSS cua Chi nhanh giam xudng d mirc khoang 130% Day la mgt van de dac biet can luu y ddi vai viec phat trien ben viing cac td chitc TCVM Khi cac td chuc chuySn ddi cac td chitc dugc cap phep (co dang ky kinh doanh), ho?t dgng mgt each chuyen nghiep va bai ban hon thi cac td chuc phai ca cau lai bd may hoat dgng, tuan thii cac quy dinh ve hoat dgng nghiem ngat hon, keo theo cac chi phi Ion han Do vay, ty le tu vung ve hoat dgng (OSS) cd kha nang bi giam nhieu neu cac td chuc khdng tidp tuc md rgng quy md de tang thu nhap va tang hieu qua hoat dgng Mirc tiep c^n khach hang 2.LDdiv6iM7-MFI Tinh d6n 31/12/2014, M7MFI col 1.567 khach hang vay vdn, tang 5% so voi nam 2013 M7-MFIdu kidn tdc tang trudng khach hang ia 5% hang nam khoang thoi gian tir 2015 ddn 2018 Tdng du ng tin dung tinh den o 18b, npn & JU4 Q U A N TRI N G A N H A N G a D O A N H NGHIE o 5: CO ^ ^ •M- ^ Bang Mirc tigp can khach hang cua MT- MFI -'-ã>ôa|iằn2ai4 ã Luy l, • ^ •p •m i F z m%V' in