Giam ngheo duoi tac dong cua mot sd chuong trinh h6 trg cho ngucH ngheo, ngutn c6 thu n h ^ thap o^ H o ^ Tridu Hoa Tniong Dal hoc Kinh le, Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha NOi Gidm ngheo la vdn dd kinh td - xa hdi ma Chfnh phii cila tdt ca cac qudc gia tren Uid gidi deu phai ddi mat Tiiy thudc vao tinb hinh ngheo ddi d mdi nude va quein diem cua cbinh phu vd vdn dd ma cdc nude cd nhiing su lira chon ridng vd chinh sach de giai quydt hieu qua My la qudc gia dimg vl tii sd vd kinh td trdn thd gidi nhung cung cd thd ndi la qudc gia ma sd lugng ngudi ngheo ludn d muc cao so vdi nhieu nude cd cung trinh phat tridn va tiem luc vd kinh td De giai quyet vdn dd nay, chinh phu My d mdi thdi ky da cd su lua chgn cac chuong trinh hd trg cho nhdm ngudi ngheo, ngudi cd thu nhap thap va nhtrng chuang trinh da mang lai bidu qua Uch cue Thirc trang ngudi ngheo d Mv O mgt dat nude phat tridn nhu nude My, ngudi nghed la nhtmg ngudi thudc tdng Idp dudi cua xa bdi Hang ehuc tridu ngudi d My sd'ng ngheo khd va gdn nhu khdng cd kha nang thay ddi cudc sd'ng cua ban than va cai ciia hg Nude My cd lich sir iau dai vd su thinh vugng, vd su nang ddng, song cd rat nhidu ngudi bi bd lai phia sau cdng cudc phdt trien dd Hang trieu ngudi My mac dii iam viec cham chi (lam viec toan thdi gian cd nam vdi 40 gid mdt tudn 52 tudn), song cdng vide chi dugc tra luong thdp, khdng dil dam bad ngudn tai chinh cho hg va gia dinh Thu nhap thap khdng dii dd chi tra cho mdt miic sd'ng khidm tdn, khdng du de ddp iing nbu cdu nudi day cai va khien cho ngudi lao ddng khdng the ddu tu dd tao mdt luang lai tdt dep ban boac dd danh cho nghi huu Thuc te da cho thay, ngheo ddi d My khdng phai la su khan hiem, khdng du ngudn luc dd giam ngheo ma la vi thd xa hdi, Phu nu d My ludn bj phan bidt dd'i xii tren thi tmdng lao ddng, bi danh gia thdp va bi tra luang thdp Tinh trang ngheo ddi d My cung kha ro net d cac nhdm chiing tdc khac Theo sd lieu cua Cue thdng ki My nam 2018, ngudi ngheo d My tap tiung phdn Idn d nhdm ngudi da den, chidm den 20,8%; tidp theo la nhdm ngudi gd'c Tay Ba Nha: 17,6%; nhdm ngudi da trdng (khdng bao gdm ngudi gde Tay Ba Nha): 8,1% va nhdm ngudi gd'c Chau A Id 10,1% Vdi mtrc chudn ngheo nam 2018 cho ngudi la 12.140 USD/nam va cho hd gia dinh gom ngudi la 25.100 USD/nam, ty Id ngheo d MJ- la 11,8% (luang duang vol 38,1 trieu ngudi) Sd ngudi ngheo d My da giam ddn so vdi cac nam tiudc la nhd cd cac chuang trinh hd trg lir phia chinh phii Tac dong tir mot so' chirong trinh ho trg cho ngirdi ngheo, nguvi co thu nhap thap d Mir cac chuong trinh hd trg cua chinh phii cho ngudi ngheo, ngudi cd thu nhap thap da duge trien khai thuc hi^n tCr hang chue nam vd trudc va mang lai hieu qua rd rdt, da gitip cho rdt nhidu ngudi dan My thoat nghed, dac biet la he em, giup cho tie em ngheo d My cd dieu kien hgc td't ban va nang cao kha nang kiem viec iam cd thu nhap cao trudng cae chuong trinh hd trg ciia chinh phil nhu an sinh xa hdi, bao hidm thdt nghiep, hd trg vd dinh dudng, hd trg thue nha, hd hg tam thdi bdng tien mat cho eac gia dinh cd nhu cau, cac chinh sach tin dung thud, cac chuong trinh bd trg dac biet cho ngudi thu nhap thdp, chuang trinh midn phi va giam gia bOa an tma tai tmdng phd thdng , da giup giam hon mdt nua sd' ngudi ngheo d My sau ban 50 nam kd lu nam 1967 theo sd lieu didu tra cila Cue thdng kd My Trudc het la chuang trinh hd trg dinh dudng bd sung cila cbinh phii Day la chuang trinh hd trg dinh dudng Idn nhdt ciia chfnh phu, mang lai phiic ldi cho cac ca nhan va gia dinh cd thu nhap thdp, ngudi gia va ngudi tan tat Tien than cua chuang trinh la chuong trinh tem thuc phdm, dugc chi'nh phu trien khai tir nam 1964 Hien nay, dieu kien dd dugc tham gia chuang trinh la cac ca nhan va hd gia dinh phai cd miic Ihu nhap dudi 130% chuan ngheo ciia chinh phu Nhimg gia dinh cd ngudi gia va ngudi khuydt tat duae tham gia chuong trinh ma khdng cdn phai cd didu kien vd thu nhap Nhiing ca nhan va gia dinh cd dii didu kien tham gia chuong trinh se dugc mua thuc phdm bang thd ghi na tai cac ciia hang ban le thuc phdm dugc chinh phil ily quydn Chuang trinh da giup cho hang trieu ngudi My thoat khdi Unh trang ngheo tiong nhidu nam qua NGHIEN CUU RESEARCH HiBU 1: S6 ngurM thoat nghfeo a My thong qaa chirong trinh hp trof^inh dgangbo sung ciia Ctioh phg (trt jn ngirfri) kMl 2015 •Tfingrf " 3.1 2016 3017 a S d W e i I {