Thực trạng chương trình dạy bơi ban đầu cho trẻ em 7 8 tuổi các tỉnh, thành phố miền bắc

MOTMHiHUWUIYailtTHJlO -Stf 2/2019 THIfC TRANG CHIANG TRJNH DAY BlTl BAN OAU CHO THE EM - TUOi CAC TJNH, THANH PHO MiEN BAC Le Du'c L o n g * Tom tat: Vipc tim hiiu cac chuong trinh day boi ban diiu cho tre em - tuoi d cac tinh, ph6 Mi4n Bac ve cac npi dung nhu: Loai chuong trinh; mgc dich, muc tieu, yeu cau; phan phoi vd hinh thi>c, phuong phap d^y hpc cd vai trd quan trpng TCr cd t h i ddnh gid dung thu-c trang cdc chuang trinh dang su dgng, gdp phIn x3y dung chuong trinh d^y boi ban dau phO hgp vd cd hi^u qua TCP khoa: Thy^ trang chuong trinh dgy boi ban 6ku, tre em - bj6i, cdc ttnh, thdnh Mi4n Bdc Status of initiai teaching swimming program for children 7-8 years old in Northen provinces and cities Summary: The study of initial teaching swimming programs for children 7-8 years in Northen provinces and cities on the content such as: Type of program; goals, objectives, requirements; Distribution and fomi, teaching methods play an important role From there, it is possible to properly assess the situation of the programs being used, contributing to building an effective initial teaching swimming program Keywords: Current situation, Initial swimming program, children - years old, Northern provinces , ^ ^ OAT VAN OE Tb\rc tien the tbao tich cao eua cdc nude cd phong trao boi manh da chung td, d^y boi bai ban cho tre em tir - tudi se tao dugc tien de tdt de cd dugc tich cao sau Vi vay, ngdy cdng cd nhieu nude coi viec day boi ban ddu d nhdm tudi ndy De cd the xdy dung chuong trinh day boi ban ddu phu hgp vd ed hieu qua vdi tre em - tudi d cde tinh, phd Mien Bac, tbi viec danh gia thue tiang cdc chuong trinh dang sii dung cd y nghia quantiong.Tir dd cd the xay dung dugc chuong trinh day boi ban ddu tre em - tudi hgp ly, cd tinh khoa hgc, cd tinh kha thi, gdp phdn nang cao chat lugng hgc boi vd thdnh tich boi cho ddi tugng | • - ,,mmmmmmmmmtmmmmiMki^ ^ quan sat su pham; phuong phap chuyen gia; phuong phap kiem tra su pham; phuong phap thue nghiem su pham vd phuong phdp todn hpc thdng ke KET QUA NGHIEN CUfO VA BAN LUAN ThiFC trang sir dung cac c h y a n g trinh day bo'i ban dau cho tre em - tuoi v cac CLB, Trung tam bo'i cac tinh, IVIien Bac Thue trang cac chuong tiinh day boi ban dau cho tre em - tudi d Mien Bac ndi rieng va ca nude ndi chung, hien dang phd bien ap dung loai chuong trinh gdm: Chuong trinh 60 tiet day kieu boi (Boi ech va trudn sap); Chuong trinh 90 tiet day kieu boi (Boi Ech va Trudn sdp); Chuong tiinh 120 tiet day kieu boi (Boi Ech va Trudn sap, Trudn ngira) Can ndi them PHlTtiNG PHAP N G H I E N CUfU rang mdi budi hpc tuong iing vdi tiet hpc, mdi Trong qua trinh nghien ciiu chiing tdi sii tiet hpc khoang 30 - 45 phiit dung cae phuong phdp nghien ciiu sau: Tien hanh khao sat thdng qua phieu hdi cde Phuong phap phan tich vd tdng hgp tai lieu; phucmg phdp phdng vdn tpa dam; phuong phdp chuyen gia, cdc nhd qudn ly mdn boi, GV, HLV "ThS, Trudng Bgi hpc TDTT Bac Ninh; Email: leduclongttdn@gmail.com BAI BAO KHOA HOC tai 13 CLB va Trang tam the thao co dao t^o Hoa vdi npi dung vi cac chuong trinh dang sii mon bai thupc cac tinh, phd Miin BSc dying dao tao ngu6n tuySn chon cho giai gom: Ha Npi, Hai Phong, Quang Ninh, Hai doan huan luyen ban dau cua don vi minh Ducfng, Nam Dinh, Thai Binh, Phii Tho, Thanh Ket qua duoc trinh bay a bang Bang ThvFC trying su' dung chu'ong trinh d^y bci ban dau o* cac CLB, Trung tam bai cdc tinh, Mi^n Bac (n=13) Mirc dd sir di^ng Lo^i hinh chiroug trinh Chuong trinh 60 tiet Day Ideu boi (E, TS) Chuong trinh 90 ti6t Day Id^u boi (fi, TS) Chuang trinh 120 tijt Day IciSu bai (E, TS, N) Thudng xuySn mi Tyl|% It sv dung Tylf% mi KhSng sir dyng nii Tylf% 30.77 15.38 53.85 53.85 30.77 15.38 15.38 15.38 69.24 biet ciia loai chuong trinh 60 tiet va 90 tiet vdi chuong trinh 120 tiet Su khac biet the hipn chu yeu d so lugng kieu boi dugc day khac nhau: Chuong trinh 60 tilt vd 90 tiet chi day kiSu boi (boi ech vd boi trudn sdp, dd chuong trinh 120tietday kieu boi (Them boi ngua) Ve yeu cau ddo tao: Cu ly boi eua cd loai chuong trinh cung cd su khdc biet Chuong tiinh 60 tiet boi dugc ey ly 25m; Chuong trinh 90 tiit boi dugc eu ly 35m; Chuong trinh 120 tiet boi dugc cu ly 50m Tir ciing cd sir khdc biet vi chi tieu tich Nhu vay, ySu cdu cd su khdc rd ret, chua thong nhat vd chua phu hgp di tiep cdn vdi yeu cau ndng luc chuyen mdn eua VDV d giai doan tuyen ehpn ban ddu Rieng ThLFC trang viec xac djnh muc dtch, chuong trinh 120 tiet vdi cdc mue tieu, yeu cdu muc tieu va yeu cau cac chu'O'ng trinh de deu ed thetiepcdn tdt hon dugc vdi cdc chi day bci ban dau o* cac CLB, Trung tam bo'i tieu tuyen chgn boi ban dau hien d nude ta Qua bang ebo thdy: Cdc CLB, Tmng tam boi cdc tinh, phd mien Bae chua cd su thdng nhattiongviec sii dung ehuong trinh dao tao day boi ban ddu ehoti-eem -8 hidi Cd 4/13 CLB (chiim ty le 30,77%) sii dimg ehuong trinh 60 tiet day kieu boi, cd 7/13 CLB (chiSm ty le 53,85%) sir dung chuong trinh day boi 90tiStday kieu boi (Boi ech va trudn sdp) Ngodi ra, cd CLB (chiem ty le 15,38%) sir diong chuong trinh 120 tiet day kieu boi mpt each thudng xuyen Tir ket qud nay, da ndi len tinh tdn mantiongviec sii dung chuong trinh day boi ban ddu Dac biet Id ehuong tiinh 120 tiet day kieu boi (Boi Ech va Trudn sap, Trudn ngua) cd den CLB, Trung tdm chiem ty le 69,24% khdng su dung cac tinh, IVIien Bac Ddnh gid thue trang muc dich, muc tieu vd yeu cdu ciia cdc chuong tiinh day boi ban ddu ciia 13 CLB, Trung tam boi cac tinh, phd Mien Bae Ket qud dugc tiinh bay d bdng Tir kk qua khao sdttimhbay d bdng cho thdy: Ve viec xac dinh muc dich: Ca ba chuong trinh cd cimg muc dich Digu phu hgp vdi yeu cau chung cua ehuong trinh Id tao moi trudng de tre hoc Id tai nang the thao phuc vu cho cdng tdc tuyen chgn vdo dao tao giai doan huan luyen ban ddu v l muc tieu dao tao: Cd thi thdy rd su khdc Thirc trang noi dung vd phan phoi thd'i gian giang d^y cua cac chu'O'ng trinh d^y bo'i ban dau cho tre em - tuoi a cac CLB, Trung tam bai cac tinh, Mien Bac Danh gia thue trang phan phoi thdi gian giang day cdc Ideu boiti-ongchuong trinh d^y boi ban ddu cac CLB, Trung tdm boi cac tinh, phd Mien Bac Ket qua duge trinh bay tai bang Qua bdng cho thdy: Ba loai chuong trinh dang dugc cac CLB, Trung tdm bgi d Miin Bdc sii dung di day boi ban ddu ebo tre em - tudi ed su khdc biet ro BATTAOVS HUM! UIYBUIIE THAO - / Bang Thire trang vi§c xac djnh muc dich, muc tieu va yeu cau cac chu'O'ng trinh day bo'i ban dau cua cac CLB, Trung tam bo'i cac tinh, IMien Bac Chu'O'ng trinh Noi dung^ khao sat ChiK^ng trinh 60 tilt (Day kieu bai) Tgo moi truang 6e tre boc 10 tai nang the thao phyc MLIC iJfch cOa chuang vy cho cong tac tuyen trinh chqn vao dao tao giai (Joan ML ban 6ku VDV Bai Chu-cng trinh 90 tiet Chu'O'ng trinh 120 tiet {Day d^y kieu boi) (Day day kieu bo'i) Tao moi tru'O'ng de tre b6c \d tai nang the thao phuc vu cho c6ng tac tuyen chon vao dao tao giai doan HL ban 6ku VDV Bai Trang bj cho cac Trang bj cho cac em em nIm v&ng ky nam vOng ky thu#t bai thugt bai kieu bai kieu bai tru'an sap, bai tni'o'n sap, bai ech va ech va xuat phat tren bye xuat phat tren buc l\/1uc tieu dao tao Bu-ac dau tgo dyng sy ham thich tap luyen mon bai Bade dau n§ng cao cac to chat the iu'c chung Yeu cau dao tao Tao du'ng sy manh dan va sy ham me tap luyen mon bai Bu'ac dau phat then cac to chat the iyc chung Tao moi tripong de tre Muc dich bQc 16 tai nang the thao cua phyc vu cho cong tac chyang trinh tuyen chon vao dao tao ia giong giai doan HL ban dau VDV Bai Trang bj cho cac em nam vOng ky thuat bai Chya CO kieu bat tru'an sap, bai chu'ang trinh ech, bai ngija va xuat day bai dat phat tren buc, quay vong muc ti§u vung tay cao, tiep can vai yeu cau Tac dyng sy manh VDV bai cac dan va sy ham me tap nu'ac CO nen luy§n m6n bai bai phat triln Bu'ac dau phat then cac to chat the iyc chung Ve ky thuat: Nam Ve ky thuat Nim vDng vO-ng ky thu$t ca ban ky thuat ca ban kieu bai kieu bai ech va ech va tru'an sap tru'an s l p Ve ky thuat: Nam vijng ky thuat ca ban kilu bai Ich, tru'an sap va bai ngfra V l cy ly: Bai du'O'c Ve cy iy Bai du'O'c cy cy ly toi thieu 35m ly toi thilu 25m kilu bai kieu bai ech va tru'an ech va tru'an sap sap Ve cy ly: Bai daac cy Chi CO ly toi thilu 50m kilu bai ech, bai traan sap chaang trinh dgy bai 120 va tru'an ngi>a tilt mo'i tilp can du'O'c 3, Thanh tich bai n6i dung v§ * Nam - Bai 50 m Ich dat '30" yeu cau tra len tuyin - Bai 50m trao'n s l p dat chon dao tao 1'30"tra!§n tieu chuan - Bai 50 m ngOa dat tuyen chon 1'30"tralen - Xuat phat tren bye xa cac nu'ac co 6m nen bai tien 'NiP tiin - Bai 50 m ech dat 1' 35 tra len - Bai 50m tru'an sap dat 1'35"tralen - Bai 50 m ngu'a dat '35 tra len - Xuat phat tren buc xa Thanh tich bai * Warn - Bai 35 m Ich d?t 60s tra len - Bai 35m tru'an sap dat 50s tra len - Xuat phat tren buc xa 6m *Nu- Bai 35 m ech dat - 25m tru-dn sap dat 1' tra '05s tra len len - 35m traan sap dat 1' - Bai 25 m Ich dat r05s tra len tra l&n - Xuat phat tren buc xa 5m - Xuat phat tren buc xa 5m Thanh tich bai * Nam • Bai 25 m ech dat 60s tra len - Bai 25m tru'an sap dat 50s trd- \&n - Xuat phat tren buc xa 6m B & I B A O KHOA HOC Bang Npi dung va phan phoi thoi gian ciJa cac chirong trinh d^y bvi ban dau cho tri em - tuoi p cac CLB, Trung tam bci cac tinh, ph6 Mien Bac ^~~^^^ Phan ph6i gifr TT Npi dung 10 Chircmg trinh 60 tiet ChiroBg trinh 90 tiit Bffi ech 4 2 4 2 30 Bod Ich 6 4 8 2 45 ^^^-~,^ Lam quen nuac Dpng tac chan Dong tac chan ket hop thcf Dong tac tay Tay phoi hgp voi tho Tay phoi hop voi chan Phoi hgp toan bo Hoan thien ky thuat Ky thuat xuat phat Kiem tra T6ng TriroD s4p 4 4 2 30 ret ve npi dung dao tao cua ba chucmg trinh Npi dung chucmg trinh 60 tiet va 90 tiet chi gioi ban giang day cac ky thuat lam quen nuac va cac dong tac cCT ban va dpng tac phoi hpp, ngoai trang bi ky thuat xuat phat tren buc cho cua kieu boi Doi voi chuong trinh day bai 120 tiet, thi ngoai npi dung giong vai chuong trinh day 60 va 90 tiet, thi co npi dung day thSm kieu boi ngua va xuat phat boi ngua Thai lupng day ky thuat phoi hop toan bp va thoi lugng hoan thien ky thuat cua chuang trinh 120 tiet deu cao hon Vi vay phu hpp ban hon cac chuang trinh 60 tiet va 90 tiet, boi co the giup hpc sinh hoan thien va nang cao ky thuat, cung nhu the luc tot ban Tu cung giup them cho viec nang cao dp chinb xac danh gia tiem nang Tririm sap 6 12 45 Chinmg trinh 120 tiit Boi ech 6 4 10 2 45 TriroTO Tru*n ngira sdp 0 4 6 2 10 14 2 30 45 the thao cua cac em qua qua trinh hpc bai ThiPC trang su- d^ng cac hinh thiPC dao tao chu'O'ng trinh day bo'i ban d4u cho tr6 em - tuoi a cac CLB, Trung tam bai cac tinh, IVIien Bac Danh gia thue trang su dung cac binh thiic dao tao chuang trinh day bai ban dau cho tre em - tuoi cac CLB, Trung tam bai cac tinh, Mien Bac Ket qua duoc trinh bay a bang Qua bang cho th^y: Ca 13 CLB, Trung tSm boi cac tinh, Mien Bac sii dung chuang binh day bai deu thuang xuyen su d^ng hinh thiic dao tao day hpc tren lop (100%) Con CO ty le tuong doi cao (46,15%) khong sii dung cac hinh thiic len lop ket hgp tu tap Co 53,84% Bdng Thirc trying slf dung cac hinh thirc dao tao chirang trinh d^y bci cua cac CLB, Trung tam bai cac tinh, Mien Bac (n=13) Hinh thirc dao t^o mi I Hinh thirc day hoc tren lop Mirc sir dung It sir dung Khdng sir d^ng mi Ty 16 % m Ty le % Tylf % Thirong xuyen 13 100 Hinh thue len lop ket hgp tu tap Hinh thirc tham gia tap luyen kk hgp thi dau 15.36 53.84 46.15 30.76 53.84 BAo'TlliivAHaANUIVPiIIETIUO -SD'2/2019 Bang Thyc trang siy dvng cac phu^cng phap day hoc thirc hien chu'O'ng trinh djiy bo'i ban diu cho trd em - tuoi 6' cac CLB, Trung tam bcri cac tinh, iVIien Bac ^~~~^^^ Mirc d8 ^^^^^ sir dung Cac phuffng pliip" , ^^^ d^y bffi ^"^^^.^.^^ Thuong xuyen mi Tylf % m, Ty 1« % mi Ty le % Phuong phap giang giai loi noi Phuong phap true quan Phuong phap bai tap Phuong phap tro choi Phuong phap thi ddu 13 13 13 100 100 100 61.53 0 0 0 38.46 30.76 0 0 0 0 69.23 It sir dung Khong sir dung SO CLB va Trung tam bai khong tien hanh hinh day boi ban dau cho tre em - tuoi vai npi thiic to chiic cho cac em tham qua tap luyen ket dung va phan phoi thoi gian la giang day kieu hpp thi dSu hoac kiSu bai voi s6 tiSt la tu 60 - 120 tiet Thu'c trang sir d^ng cac phirang phap Chua CO chuong trinh day boi ban dau kieu day hoc qua trinh thu'c hien chirang boi the thao (ThiSu ki8u boi buom) de co the tao trinh d^y bai ban dau cho tre - tu6i a cac ngudn tuy€n chon VDV boi chat lupng va hieu CLB, Trung tam bai c^c tinh, qua hon cho giai doan huan luyen ban dau Mien Bac Muc dich, muc tieu va yeu cau cua cac De danh gia thirc trgng viec sii dung cac chuang trinh chua co s\i thong nhat va chua phu phuang phap day hpc qua trinh thue hien hcrp nham tiep can voi yeu cau nang luc chuyen chuong trinh, chiing toi tiep tuc tien hanh khao mon de c6 the tiep can tot ban dupe voi cac chi sat qua phieu hoi ve thue trang su dung cac ti8u tuyen chon VDV bai giai doan huan luyen phuong phap day boi qua trinh thirc hien ban dau hien o nuac ta chuong trinh day boi ban dau cua ca 13 CLB, Hinh thiic, phuong phap day hpc tuang doi Tnmg tam boi cac tinh, ph6 Mien Bac hop ly, cac phuang phap nhu: Tro chai va Ket qua dupe trinh bay o bang phuong phap thi dau chua duac sii dung nhieu Qua bang cho thay: Cac phuong phap ma TAI LIEU THAM KHAO GV, HLV sii dimg day boi vin chii yeu la Nguyen Van Trach (1997), Chuang trinh cac phuang phap giang day va hu&n luyen the mon hge Bai loi, Nxb TDTT Ha Npi thao van su dung Nguyen Van Trach (2002), Nhimg tri thue Trong co phuang phap dupe 100% so dan vi day bai cho tre su dung la: Phuong phap ca bdn ddo tgo van dgng viin bai tre, Nxb dung loi noi; Phuang phap true quan; Phuang TDTT Ha Npi Nguyen Van Trach (1998), Dgy bai cho phap bai tap (tap luyen) Trong do, phuang phap tro chai chua dup'c sii dung thuang xuyen tre tha, Nxb TDTT Ha Npi Nguyen Van Trpng (2008), Tuyen chgn vd (61,53%) va phuang phap thi dau co so cac CLB, Trung tam bai khong su dung rat nhieu ddo tgo tdi ndng boi tre, Nxb TDTT Ha Npi Nguyin Xuan Sinb (1999), Gido trinh (69,23%) Tii do, CO the lam cho cong tac day bai cua phuang phdp nghien cuu khoa hgc TDTT, Nxb cac chuang trinh co the bi kho ciing, khong co TDTT, Ha Npi (Bdi ndp 3/4/2019, Phan bien tinh da dang, hap dan, mat di tinh ganh dua va 12/4/2019, duyet In ngdy 26/4/2019) danh gia nang luc cua ban than KETLUAN Cac CLB, Tnmg tam bai cac tinh, ph6 MiSn Bac dang sii dung cac chuang trinh ... TS, N) Thudng xuySn mi Tyl|% It sv dung Tylf% mi KhSng sir dyng nii Tylf% 30 .77 15. 38 53 .85 53 .85 30 .77 15. 38 15. 38 15. 38 69.24 biet ciia loai chuong trinh 60 tiet va 90 tiet vdi chuong trinh 120... dung ehuong trinh dao tao day boi ban ddu ehoti-eem -8 hidi Cd 4/13 CLB (chiim ty le 30 ,77 %) sii dimg ehuong trinh 60 tiet day kieu boi, cd 7/ 13 CLB (chiSm ty le 53 ,85 %) sir dung chuong trinh day... tru'O'ng de tre b6c d tai nang the thao phuc vu cho c6ng tac tuyen chon vao dao tao giai doan HL ban 6ku VDV Bai Trang bj cho cac Trang bj cho cac em em nIm v&ng ky nam vOng ky thu#t bai thugt bai