Thuc tien - Kinh nghiem Tpp chi Cdng s d n TINH DONG NAI CHU DONG XUC TIEN, LUA CHON THU HUT DAU TU TRUC TIEP NUOC NGOAI DE PHAT TRIEN KINH TE - XA HOI BEN VUNG NGUYEN Dirc KHA* Vf tri ^a ly thudn Ipi viing kinh ti trpng Mim phia Nam cung nhirng tiim ndng, Ipi thi khac giup Ddng Nai nhirng ndm qua tr& thdnh dia chi hdp ddn ddu tu, cd Mu tu tryc tiip nu&c ngodi (FDI) Vdn FDI gdp phdn quan trpng vdo phdt triin kinh ti - xd hpi cua tinh Trong th&i gian t&i, thuc hien Nghi quyit si 50-NQ/TfV, ngdy 20-8-2019, cua Bp Chinh tri, ve dinh hu&ng hodn thien thi chi, chinh sdch, ndng cao chit lupng, hieu qud hpp tdc ddu tu nu&c ngodi din ndm 2030, Dong Nai se chu dpng thu hut FDI mpt cdch co chpn Ipc, ldy chdt luong, hipu qud, cdng nghptientienvd bdo vp moi tru&ng Id tiiu chi ddnh gid chd yeu, dephdt trien ben vitng kinh te - xd hpi cua tinh 1- Trong nhirng nam qua, Ddng Nai ludn nam teong sd cac dia phuong thu hiit FDI cao nhat ca nude, ngydn vdn FDI da tgo dpng lyc vd gdp phdn quantepngvdo su tang trudng chung cua kinh td tinh Theo Sd Kd hogch va Ddu tu tinh Ddng Nai, yong 10 thang nam 2019 da cd 190 dy an FDI vao Ddng Nai vdi sd vdn 1,46 ty USD, dat 146% ke hogch cd nam, teong dd cd 93 dy an cap phep mdi vdi sd vdn 800 trieu USD va 97 dy an didu chinh vdn vdi sd vdn tang thdm gan 670teiduUSD Luy kd ddn thang 10-2019, Ddng Nai ed 1.977 dy an FDI vdi tdng vdn ddu tu 35 ty USD, teong dd sd dy dn cdn hieu lyc la 1.447 dy an vdi tdng vdn 29,8 ly USD Cac nhd ddu tu nude ngoai vao Ddng Nai ddn tu 41 qudc gia va vung lanh thd,teongdd, cac qudc gia va vimg lanh thd cd vdn ddu tu cao nhat la Han Qudc, chiem ty Id 22% tdng vdn ddu tu; vimg lanh thd Dai Loan (Trung Qudc): 17,7%; Nhdt Ban: 15,7%; Xin-ga-po: 12%; Cdc du dn ddu tu nude ngodi bd tri tap trung ehii ydu d cac dia bdn ypng didm, cd Igi the, 1dm cho cdc vung thyc su yd vimg kinh tl ddng lyc, lan tda sy phdttiienkmh te xa hdi sang cae khu vyc phy can va ehung cho toan tinh Nganh, nghd ddu tu cua cdc dy an FDI khd da dgng, vdi quy md vd trinh dp cdng nghe khac nhau, yong dd da sd Id nganh cdng nghiep che bidn, chd tao, chiem 84% tdng vdn dang ky; liiih vuc dau tu bdt ddng san: 12%; lihh vyc thuong mai, dieh vu: 3,5%; Ddu tu tryc tidp nude ngoai la ddng luc rdt quan trpng, gdp phdn thiic ddy phdt teidn kinh tl - xa hdi cua tinh, thd hidn trdn cdc khia cgnh sau: Thu nhat, ddu tu hye tidp nude ngodi la ngudn luc quan tepng cho ddu tu phat trien, gdp phdn ndng cao tdc dp tang trudng kinh td lidn tuc teong nhiiu nam Hen, thiic ddy * ThS, Tap chi Cong san S6 933 (thang J nam 2020) 93 Thuc tien - Kinh nghiem nhanh qua trinh ehuydn dich ca cdu kinh td Ddng Nai theo hudng hidn dgi Cu the, quy md gid tri sdn xudt cdng nghiep ciia Ddng Nai hidn da tang gdn 200 Idn so vdi ndm 1985 Sy phat tridn cdng nghiep da lan tda nhanh sang eac ITnh vuc dich vu, ndng nghidp, ndng thdn vd cdc ITnh vyc khac Tdng san pham tren dia ban (GRDP) Hen tyc tang trudng vdi tdc dp cao yong nhieu nam lidn, binh qudn tdng 8%/nam, cao hon mire tdng binh quan chung cita cd nude GRDP binh qudn ddu ngudi/nam tang tren 16 Idn (so vdi nam 1985) Co cdu kinh td thay ddi nhanh theo hudng giam ty tepng ndng nghiep, tang ty trgng cdng nghiep va dich vu Cae doanh nghiep FDI chiem 37% tdng gid tri gia tang todn tinh, 62% gia tri sdn lupng cdng nghiep, 91% kim nggch xudt khau, ddng gdp dang ke vdo ngudn thu ngdn sdch (ndm 2018, thu ngan sach tir cdc doanh nghiep FDI la 27.000 ty ddng, chidm 54% tdng thu ngdn sach tinh) Doanh nghidp FDI gidi quydt viec lam eho khoang 600.000 lao dpng, thyc su yd mdt bd phdn quan tepngteongco cdu kinh te tinh Ddng Nai Thu hai, ddu tu tryc tidp nude ngoai thiie ddy phdt tridn he thdng ket cau hg tdng kinh tl - xa hpi, phdt trien eac khu cdng nghiep Phil hgp vdi dinh hudng phat tridn eua tinh va dl tgo mdi trudng thudn loi thu hiit ddu tu, nhieu cdng trinh, dy an giao thdng Idn cua Trung uong, ciia tinh da va dang tridn khai nhu tuyIn cao tdc Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh - Long Thdnh - Ddu Giay, Bdn Luc - Long Thanh, Ddu Giay - Phan Thidt, eac cdu vugt tgi cac niit giao thdng quan trpng trdn dia ban tinh Ha tdng giao thdng dugc ddu tij, cai tao budc ddu phat huy hieu qud tich eye, giai quyit tinh trang iin tdc giao thdng, kit ndi giao thdng Hen viing, nit ngdn cy ly van chuyen, tidt kiem chi phi cho doanh nghidp 94 Sd 933 (thang nam 2020) T9P chi C^ng sAn Ddu tu tryc tidp nude ngodi ciing gdp phdn quan tepng phat teiln cdc khu cdng nghiep teen dia ban Din nay, tinh da lap 32 khu cdng nghidp vdi tdng didn tich 10.240,25ha, teong dd 31 khu cdng nghiep da di vao hogt ddng, miic dp sir dung dgt yen 80% dienrichdat ddnh eho thud Liiy ke den thdng 11-2019, tdng vdn ddu tu xdy dyng k6t cdu hg tdng cac khu cdng nghidp la 12.130 ty ddng va 127,61 trieu USD Cd 31/32 khu cdng nghiep da xdy dyng nhd may xir ly nude thai tap trung vd dua vao khai thae vdi tdng cdng sudt thidt kd la 17l.970mVngay dem; 25 khu cdng nghidp da lap ddt thidt hi quan teae nude thai ty ddng Cac khu cdng nghiep phdn bdteendja ban 10/11 huyen, phd eua tinh, hd tra, tao ddng lyc thiie day phat trien kinh te - xa hdi cac dia ban, gidi quyet vide lam cho ngudi ddn dja phuong Cdng tac qudn ly xdy dyng va phdt triSn dd thi timg budc di vao nl nep, den nay, tinh da hoan quy hogch chi tidt (ty le 1/2.000) cac thi trdn cua eac huyen, thi xa Long Khanh va phd Bien Hda Cdng tae quy hoach xdy dung ndng thdn ludn dugc ehii trpng vd trien khai ngudn lyc thyc hien Ngodi ra, he thdng cap dien, cap nude sach da phu kin den 100% xa, phudng, thi trdn; he thdng buu chinh - vidn thdng phdt teien manh, bdo dam thdng sudt eho giao dich nude vd qudc td, dap iing nhu cau phat trien kinh te - xd hdi Thir ba, ddu tu true tidp nude ngodi cdng phii hgp vdi dinh hudng uu tien thu hiit dau tu eua tinh, tdc ddng tich cyc vdo cae ITnh vyc khac ciia kinh td - xa hdi Ddng Nai Tir hon 10 nam tiirdc, Ddng Nai da cd chu truong thu hut FDI mpt each chgn Ipc, nghTa la uu tien chpn dy an cdng nghe cao, lao ddng cd tay nghe, du an sdn xuat cdng nghidp hdteg,du an than thidn mdi trudng Kdt qud thu hiit FDI thdi gian qua cho thdy, cdc dy an cdng taptinngvdo eac nganh Thuc tien - Kinh nghiem cdng nghi?p chd bidn, chd tgo, cdng nghiep phu tep, san xuat chi tiet may mdc, thidt bi, cdc nganh sdn xuat ed cdng nghd cao, it gdy d nhidm mditi-udng,ban ehd eac du an sir dung nhieu ddt, nhidu lao dpng phd thdng, phu hpp vdi quy hoach vd dinh hudng phdt tii§n eua tinh Cac doanh nghidp FDI sir dung khodng 600.000 lao dgng, giiip giai quyet co ban tmh hang that nghidp, thidu vide 1dm, ddng thdi timg budc phat trien dpi ngu can bd quan ly doanh nghiep vd cdng nhan lanh nghe cho tinh Thdng qua vide bd tri ddu tu hgp ly teen dia ban, cae du an FDI gdp phdn thiic ddy phdt tiidn ndng nghiep, ndng thdn, cac dia ban khd khan Ngodi ra, doanh nghidp FDI ciingtichcue ddng gdp cho cae hogt ddng xa hdi nhu tham gia chuong trinh xda ddi, gidm ngheo, tang nha tinh thuong, tinh nghTa, xdy dyng cac cdng trinh phiic loi, tai trg cae hogt dpng van hda, van nghe, th8 thao, img hd ddng bao viing bi thidn tai, bao, lu Nhidu doanh nghiep FDI tao cdc didu kidn thudn Igi cho eac td chuc chinh tri - xa hdi thdnh lap va boat ddngteongdoanh nghiep Thdng qua cdc doanh nghiep FDI va Hiep hdi eac doanh nghidp FDI, Ddng Nai md rdng va quan he ngdy cdng chat che vdi cdc td ehiie qudc te, eac co quan ngoai giao nham ddy mgnh quan he hgp tae tedn cac ITnh vyc 2- Cac ket qua ed dugcteongthu hiit vdn FDI neuteen,bdn cgnh sy quan tdm, tgo dieu kien cua Trung uong la sy cd gang, nd lyc cua Dang bp, ehinh quydn va nhdn dan toan tinh teong vide xay dung mdi trudng thdng thodng, tgo dieu kidn thugn Ipi cho ddu tu Thdi gian qua, Ddng Nai tap trung eai each hanh chinh, xdy dyng nen hanh chinh hidn dgi, cd co cdu bd may hpp ly, thu tuc harih chinh don gian vdi dpi ngy can bd, cdng chiic cd tam, cd tdm, ed tinh thdn hd teg, phuc vy doanh nghidp, ngudi ddn Cdng T^p chi Cong %An khai, minh bgch cac thu tiic hanh chinh, nit ngan thdi gian xii ly hd so, gdp phdn giam chi phi cho thu tuc hanh ehinh eua doanh nghiep va ngudi ddn Tinh thudng xuyen rd sodt, bai bd, don gidn hda eac quy dinh vd dilu kidn kinh doanh; cai each toan didn cdng tdc quan ly, kidm tra chuyen nganh; thiie ddy toan didn tii va cung cdp dich vu cdng tryc tuydn cdp Cdng khai quy hogch, ehinh sach, thu tuc dd doanh nghiep dl tiip can Mdi sd, ngdnh, dia phuong chiu ydch nhidm ddi vdi ket qud eai each thii tuc hanh chinh thude ngdnh, ITnh vuc eiia minh Ddng thdi, thyc hidn phuong thiie tiip nhdn hd so, tra ket qud giai quydt thu tue hanh chinh qua dich vy buu ehinh cdng ich Tinh ciing chit tepng phat tridn he sinh thai ddi mdi sang tao, hdteg,khuyen khich doanh nghiep khdi nghiep sdng tao Trung tam Hanh ehinh cdng tinh Ddng Nai chinh thiic di vao hogt ddng thang 7-2017 Tgi ddy ludn cd dgi didn cac doanh nghiep,teongdd cd nhidu doanh nghidp FDI den gidi quydt cae thu tyc hdnh chinh Cae doanh nghiep chi can ddn mdt ddu mdi Id Trung tam Hanh chinh cdng de gidi quydt nhiiu thii tuc khac nhau, giup doanh nghidp tidt kidm dugc rdt nhieu thdi gian, cdng siic so vdi vide phai di nhidu lan, nhieu noi nhu trudc day Trong thu hiit FDI, tinh td chiic thyc hien xiic tiin ddu tu tgi chd, mgi van dd, vudng mdc phdt sinh ciia nha dau tu deu dupe xem xet, giai quydt kip thdi Tai bp phdn mdt cira eiia Ban Quan ly cdc Khu cdng nghidp Ddng Nai, thdi gian gidi quyet hd so dugc thuc hidn nit ngdn, trung binh chi bang khodng 60% - 70% thdi gian theo quy dinh Cae doanh nghiep FDI dugc cdp phep ddu tu vao tinh thudng hoan tdt thii tuc hd so nhanh va xdy dyng nha xudng de di vao san xudt Cd nhirng dy an chi sau - 12 thang cap phep ddu tu da di vdo boat ddng S6 933 (thang nam 2020) 95 Thuc tien - Kinh nghigm Dinh ky hang nam, Uy ban nhdn ddn tinh td chiie cdc cudc gap gd, ddi thoai vdi eac doanh nghidp, nha ddu tu FDI, nhdmteaoddi thdng tin, kip thdi thao gd khd khan, vudng mac eho doanh nghidp Tinh cdn hd trg cdc doanh nghidp teong tuyen dyng lao ddng, dau tu xay dyng kdt cdu hg tdng, cac cdng trinh phiie Igi xa hdi cho cdng nhdn, ngudi lao ddng, qua dd, tao mdi trudng ddu tu thdn thidn, hdp ddn Mpt nguydn nhdn khdc khidn Ddng Nai dugc doanh nghiep cac nude chpn dau tu la cd cdng nghiep hd tra phat trien, doanh nghiep dd tim ngudn cung nguyen lieu, giam nhap khdu va chii ddngteongsdn xudt Tuy dat dugc nhiing kit qua quan tepng nhung thu hiit FDI vdo Ddng Nai vdn cdn ban chd Mpt Id, tinh lidn kdt, hieu iing lan tda cua khu vyc FDI vdi khu vyc kinh td nude chua cao Khu vye doanh nghidp FDI dudng nhu vdn cdn khd biet lap vdi eac bd phdn khdc cua nen kinh td Mac dii hdng nam tinh ddu td chiic cae budi giao thuang, gap gd doanh nghiep ed vdn dau tu teong nude vdi doanh nghiep FDI nhung sy lidn kit giiia cac bd phdn vdn rdt md nhgt, khdng chat che Doanh nghidp FDI vdn chu yeu lua chpn nha cung iing, ddi tac teong hiep hpi ciia minh, rdt khd khan de doanh nghiep teong nude cd thd tham gia vdo chudi gia tri cua hp Chinh vi vdy, hieu iing lan tda vd nang sudt lao ddng, kinh nghiem qudn ly san xudt - kinh doanh eua doanh nghiep FDI vdi doanh nghiep nude rdt han ehd Hai Id, mac du da cd dinh hudng lua chpn ddu tu nhung teen thyc td cac doanh nghidp FDI vdn chu ydu tap trung d cdc ngdnh su dyng nhidu lao ddng, cdng nghe trung binh; phdn Idn phu tiing, nguyen vdt lieu va dich vu di kem cho san xuat dugc nhgp khau, thay vi dugc cung iing bdi eac doanh nghiep nude; muc tidu tidp thu cdng nghd mdi, tidn 96 Sd 933 (thang nam 2020) Tpp chi C^ng s d n tidn tir eac nude cdng nghiep phat tridn hdng ddu gap rdt nhidu khd khan Ba Id, cdng tae quy hogch, kd hogch cdn nhiing ban chd, bdt cdp Trudc het, quy hoach phdt tridn ket cau tdng giao thdng, hg tang xa hdi chua theo kip quy hoach phdt trien kinh te, thu hiit FDI Ngudn vdn FDI Idn vdo tinh keo theo nhiing nhu cdu dpt bidn ve giao thdng van tdi, gay tinh tegng un tac giao thdng Lyc lupng lao ddng tang dot bien, teong dd cd nhidu lao ddng ngogi tinh vdi cdc nhu cdu thidt ydu ve nha d, kham chiia benh, hpc hanh, vui choi, giai tri,teongkhi tdng xa hpi eua tinh chua dap iing dupe Vide lya chpn dia diem xay dyng nha mdy, khu cdng nghidp cung la mdt vdn dd dang quan tam Hien tinh dang phai thyc hidn eac budc cdn thidt de di ehuydn dia didm cua ca mot khu cdng nghidp khdi dja ban dd thi vdi rdt nhidu khd khan, vudng mac va tdn kem Nhung ban che, vudng mac yong thu hiit vdn FDI thdi gian qua la nhiing bai hpc kinh nghiem cdn tinh ddn chu truong, gidi phap cua Ddng Nai teong vide tidp tuc thu hiit vdn FDI thdi gian tdi 3- Thdi gian qua, Ddng Nai da chu ddng chuyen hudng thu hitt ddu tu, chiitepngndng cao chdt lupng dy an ddu tu gan vdi an sinh xa hdi, bao vd mdi trudng Trong thdi gian tdi, thuc hidn Nghi quydt sd 50-NQ/TW, 20-8-2019, cua Bd Chinh tri, vi dinh huong hodn thien the che, chinh sdch, ndng cao chdt lucmg, hieu qud hpp tdc ddu tu nuoc ngodi din nam 2030 va dd phat tiien bdn virng kinh td - xa hdi cua tinh, Ddng Nai se ehu dpng thu hiit FDI mpt each cd chpn Ipc, ldy chat luong, hieu qua, cdng nghd tien tidn va bao vd mdi trudng la tidu chi ddnh gid ehu ydu Tinh se tap ti^ng thu hiit vdn FDI theo hudng: Vd mat kinh te, uu tien thu hiit cac du an cd gid tii gia tang cao, eac dy an phat triin dd thi, dich vy va eac dy an dau tu vdo dia inyc nen - i\jiui ngiuem ban kinh te - xd hdi cdn khd khan ciia tinh Chuydn dan eac du an dau tu ve dia ban ndng thdn Kien quyit khdng thu hiit nhung dy an sii dung nhidu lao dpng vao cae khu cdng nghidp thj, hgn ch£ thu hiit cae dy an ed nguy co gdy d nhidm mdi trudng Vd mat xd hdi, cae du an FDI phdi hd y p phat tridn ndng nghiep, ndng thdn, gdp phdn giai quydt tinh tegng that nghidp, xda ddi, giam ngheo, ndng cao ddn tei, timg budc thu hep khodng each vd miic sdng giiia eac tdng Idp dan cu Ve bdo vi mdi trudng, uu tidn cdc du dn thyc hifn he thdng quan ly chdt lupng ISO 9000, ISO 14001 vdi md hinh sdn xudt sgch hon, tidt kiem nguydn Hdu, nang lupng, tai che sir dung chat thai, loai bd tdi da eac vgt lieu doe hai, gidm lugng va miic ddc cua tdt cd cac ddng thai khdi qua trinh san xudt LTnh vuc uu tidn thu hut Id cdng nghd cao, cong nghe mdi, tidn tidn, cdng nghd thdn thidn vdi mdi trudng, cdng nghd thdng tin va vidn thdng, didn tii d trinh dp tien tien cua the gidi, tri tue nhdn tao, kinh tl sd, ty ddng hda, vdt lieu mdi, De thyc hien myc tidu vd dinh hudng ndu teen, Ddng Nai cdn thyc hien ddng bd cac gidi phap, teong dd chii trpng: Xdy dung chidn lupc thu hiit ddu tu cd chpn Ipc, hudng den ITnh vyc cdng nghe cao, dieh vy cd gia tri kinh td Idn Hoan thidn quy hogch dd thudn Ipi teong vide mdi gpi ddu tu, teong chii tegng quy hogch cae khu dd thi mdi, cac trung tdm tai chinh, thuong mgi, dieh vu, du lich, khu chan nudi - che bien, khu phat tridn cdng nghiep, dd cd phdt trien eac khu cdng nghidp cdng nghd cao, khu lidn hgp cdng - ndng nghidp, khu cdng nghiep chuyen nganh cd ham lugng ky thugt cao, khu cdng nghiep phy trp va khu cdng nghidp sgch Hoan thien xdy dyng kdt edu hg tang ddng bp vdi phuong cham giao thdng phai di trudc mdt budc Tidp tuc ehii tegng dau tu Tap chi C^ng sdin kdt ndi tdng giao thdng, logistics Quan tam phat teidn tdng xa hdi dk cai tiiien va nang cao miic sdng cdng nhdn lao dpng ndi ridng, ngudi ddn tedn dia ban ndi chung Chii tepng cdng tae xiic tiin ddu tu, hudng vao eac thi tiirdngygng dilm nhu: Nhat Ban, Lien minh ehdu Au (EU), Han Qudc, vimg lanh thd Dai Loan (Trung Qudc) eac ddi tac cd tiem lyc v l cdng nghe, tai chinh; thyc hien cac chuong trinh xiic tiin ddu tu kdt hpp vdi xiic tidn thuong mgi, du lich va ngodi nude nhdm tiet kiem chi phi va nang cao chdt lupng ciia hoat ddng xuc tiin Ddy manh edi each hdnh chinh, xay dyng bd mdy hanh ehinh tinh gpn, hieu luc, hieu qua, hudng tdi md hinh chinh quyin didn tir, ehinh quyen sd Tiep tyc soat, don gian hda thu tue, nit ngdn thdi gian gidi quyit hd so tgo thudn loi eho cac doanh nghiep FDI ndi ridng va eac doanh nghidp ndi chung ddu tu vao tinh Cd ehinh sach eu the de tang cudng kit ndi doanh nghiep FDI vdi cac doanh nghiep cd vdn ddu tu teong nude thdng qua cac budi gap gd, giao luu, tpa dam, trien lam Phat huy vai ted cua cdc hiep hdi doanh nghidp, nganh hang tang cudng lien ket doanh nghidp nude vd doanh nghiep FDI Phat trien ngudn nhan lyc chat lupng cao dap ling yeu cdu day mgnh cdng nghidp hda, hidn dgi hda va hdi nhap kinh te qudc te ndi chung vd ngudn nhdn lyc cho cac khu cdng nghiep ciia tinh ndi rieng Trong didu kien ngudn nhan luc cang khan hiem, thu hut cang nhidu dy an FDI cd cdng nghe hien dgi thi cdng tdc dao tgo lao ddng ed tay nghe, ndm bdt ky thuat, cdng nghd tidn tien ngdy cang cd vai yd quan tegng Ddi mdi che tuydn dung, ehinh sdch thu nhap, tidn luong phii hpp, mdi trudng lam viec, chinh sdch vide lam, bdo hidm, bdo y p xa hdi, dieu kidn nha d va eac didu kidn sinh hogt de ngudi lao ddng phdt huy het khd ndng ciia mmh • S6 933 (thang nam 2020) 97 ...Thuc tien - Kinh nghiem nhanh qua trinh ehuydn dich ca cdu kinh td Ddng Nai theo hudng hidn dgi Cu the, quy md gid tri sdn xudt cdng nghiep ciia Ddng Nai hidn da tang gdn... yong thu hiit vdn FDI thdi gian qua la nhiing bai hpc kinh nghiem cdn tinh ddn chu truong, gidi phap cua Ddng Nai teong vide tidp tuc thu hiit vdn FDI thdi gian tdi 3- Thdi gian qua, Ddng Nai. .. trien kinh te - xd hdi Thir ba, ddu tu true tidp nude ngodi cdng phii hgp vdi dinh hudng uu tien thu hiit dau tu eua tinh, tdc ddng tich cyc vdo cae ITnh vyc khac ciia kinh td - xa hdi Ddng Nai