Nâng cao điều kiện lao động của công nhân trong các doanh nghiệp

NGHIEN CCfU-TRAOedi NANG CAO DIEU KIEN LAO OONG CUA CONG N H A N TRONG CAC DOANH NGHIEP HOANG THJ NGA* Diiukiinlaoddngt^noilimvi$ccdtbibiiulitipbppdcyeut6ciamdltrudnglaoddng cfi tic dOnglin trang thii chdc ning cia co tbi r^uU lao ddng, tic ddng tdi nSnglim viic thii dd lao ddng sic khde, qui trinb sin sinh sic lao ddng va biiu qui lao ddng bi$n t^ cungnbuviliu dii Niu diiu kiin lao ddng khdng tdt si lim xuit bi$n nhdng biin ddi khdng mor^ mudn cia tr^ng thil, chic ning co tbi ngudi lao ddng, lim 0im Uii ning Urn viic, ning suit lao ddng sic kbde, qui trinb tii sin xuit sic lao ddng vi biiu qui lao ddng cia mdi d nhirt Tukhda: Diiu kien lim viec: an toin ve sinh lao dpng; thdi gian lam viec; doanh n^pp: cdng nha Working conditions can be understood as a coBection of factors oftbe working enviwnment that affect tbe functionir^ ofa worker's body, die working ability and attitudes, health, labor reproduction, and labor productivity in tbe present as weB as in thelongnm Badworiing contUtions result in undesirable changes oftbe functioningofa worker's body, limitation In working abiUty, reduction in labor productivity, degradation ofhealth and labor reproduction, and decrease in labor etBdency ofa worker Keywords: Working conditions; labor safety and hygiene: workingtime;enterprise; worker NGAYNH^: 04/3/2020 NGAYPHANBltN,DANHGlA: 20/4/2020 NOAYDUYfT: 15/5/2020 Dieu kien lao dfing cfi die duge cMa lim Nhfim eic dieu kien lam vipc, ngM ngoi' Qua tim hiiu tiiuc trang tfi ehue cfing cac nhom: (1) Nhfim yeu to tim smh ly lao dpng: su met mfii ve tiie luc; su eang tiling ve doan tiiam gia vio tiianh tta, kiem tta, giim thin kinh, tam ly; nhip dp lao dfing; tu the lao sat thuc hiin phan bien xa hfii doanh dgng; tinh dgn dieu cua lae dpng (2) Nhfim nghiep (DN) o6 tinh, tiiinh phfi: Hi Nfii, Bie cac yeu tfive sinh cia mflitirufinglao dfing: vl Ninh, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, TP Hfi Chi Mmh, hiu, nhiet dfl, dfl am, bue xa nMet eia Bmh Duong, tic gia tiptirungtun Miu vi npi khflng khi; tieng fin, mng, mfli ttuong khfing ''""8 "1'™ ^^^ ' ^ "^"^ cia ngufii lao dfing kM,tiahue xa, sutiepxuc vfii hfia chat, phue ^^^^ *" '^'^ ° ^ vu ve smb (3) Nhfim gfim dieu kien tiiim my ''• ^^ ^ f^ "^ *"^'''° ^m cia lao dfing: khfing gian, im nhae, ttang tti Theo Dieu 132,133 vi 134 cia Bp iuat Lao cinh quan (4) Nhfim gfim eae diiu kipn tim ly xa hpl: biu khfing kM lam viec, tM dua (5) *PGS TS, Truang Dai hpc Cong dodn TAP CHl Q U A N LY N H A NUdC - Sd 292 (5/2020) NGHIEN cifu-TRAO odi dpng nim 2019 vi an toan, vp smh lao dfing (ATVSLD)tillATVSLD la nhung che djnh cia Luit Lao dpng bao gfim nhirng quy pham phip luit quy dinh viic bio dam ATYSLD nhim bio vp tinh mang, sue khoe eua NLD, dfing thfii tii tfit kha nang lim viee liu dai cia NLD Tu nhtrng quy dinh Bp luit Lao dpngnim 2019, da khio sit ATVSLD tir tinh niu ttin cho thiy, NLD khflng dugc ttang bj diy di trang tMit bj bao hfi lao dpng chiem ty li eao nhit (23,8%); mfli truong lim vipe riMim (20,8%); dieu kiin lim vipc chua d i inh sing eung li mfit trcng nhiing yiu tfi lim mit an tpin lao dfing (14,3%);finhiim khfing (13,6%); fi nhiim ngufin nufie (9,7%)^ Nhin ehung, nhiing vin de ve mit an toan lao dfing, ve sinh lao dfing efin xiy tai DN, ein phii cfi nhirng biin phip khie phue, bio dim an toin, vi smh eho Nli) Cfitilinhantiiiy,ATVSLD li vin de duge eic DN vi NLD lufin quan tim Trong eie DN, nhiing hinh vi vi pham din ATVSLD vin diin Vi hinh vi NLD khfing dugc ttang hi diy du ttang tMit bj bao hfi lao dfing: DN FDI ehiim din 99%, DN cfi vfin dau tu ttong nufic ehi cMim 1% Dfii vfii cic hanh vi mfii ttufing lim viicfinMim; DN chua xay dung ki hoaeh ATVSLD, khflng thuc Men che dp tu kiim tta ve cfing tic ATVSLD: khong huin luyin ATVSLD; khflng khai bao eic loai miy, thiit bj, vat tu, cie chit cfi yiu ciu ngMem ngat ve an loan ve sinh lao dfing dang dugc s i dung till DN FDI ehiim 100%, dfi, DN ttong nuot: duge dinh gii la khfing eo eic hinh vi vi pham DN FDI va DN cfi von diu tutiongnirfie deu mie 100% 161 dieu kien lim viec tMiu anh sang va khfing cfi bfi phan lam efing tie ATVSLDl b Vitbdigdlam viec, thdi gid nghi ngai cua ngudi lao ddng TheoDieul06Bp/uatLao