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No 13_Sep2019|S6 13 - Thang nam 20]9|p 5-11 TAP CHI K H O A H O C DAI HOC T A N T R A O ISSN: - http://tckh daihoctantrao edu vn/ Phat trien ben vfrng van hoa dan toe San Diu fr khu vyc mien niii phfa B3c Nguyen Thi Qui Loan "' Le Thi Thu " Truang DHSP Thai Nguyen Email ngtiyencjueloanJK^gmail.com Thong tin bai viet Ngay nhan bdi 03/7/2019 Ngdy dtty^l dang: 10/9/2019 Tir khoa: Sdn Diu phdl Inen bin vung, mien nui phia Bac, van hoa, hoi nhgp Huang" T o m tat Khu vuc mien mil phia Bac Viet Nam hien co khoang 31 dan toe smh song Do xen cu mot viing van hoa - lich su nen giita cac dan toe co su giao tiep ve kinh te, xa hoi chinh tn, van hoa Sau Doi mat (nam 1986), su hoi nhap cua cac dan toe dien raanh me gop phan thiic day qua trinh hoa hop, mat khac lam bien dpi van hoa tmyen thong khien nhieu gia tq van hoa bi mai mpt Trong may thap men qua Dang va Nha nuoc da cp nhiing ehii tmong, chinh sach, cae cupc van dpng, du an nhara bao ton va phat huy ban sdc v3n hoa dan (pc De tham gop ciing cac bien phap da duoc thuc hien, chiing toi tien hanh nghien ciru rapt dan Ipc cu the dang chju anh huong ro ret ciia qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, tir do, de nhihig giai phap phii hop nham gift gin va phat tnen van hoa ben viing Ma dau Van de phat tnen ben vQng duac khai dau tir su quan tam den ben vCrng moi tmong tai hpi nghi Stockholm (to chirc tai Thuy Dien) nara 1972 [1] Vg sau, su phat tnen ben vung dupc nhan thiic khong chi ITnh vuc moi trucmg, ma bao ham ca ve kinh te, xa hpi va van hoa [5] Theo do, phat tnen ben viJng duac hieu la "Sir phdl Inen cd the ddp irng duac nhu cdu cua hen ten md khdng dnh hir&ng, ton hai din nhung khd nang ddp img nhu cdu cua cdc the he lucmg lai" [6, tr 13] Cho den nay, phat tnen ben vCfng da tra y niem bien Viet Nam, duac de cap den cap dp Vl mo cung nhu vi rao Vai tro ciia van hoa phal trien, cac van de dat ve mau thuan giCta hoi nhap voi bao luu gia tn van hoa truyen thong, viec phat huy ban sac vSn hpa trpng phat tnen cung duac de cap den Chinh vi vay, tim hiSu ve cac dang thirc van hoa, dac biet la van hoa co moi quan he va anh huong nhu the nao den phat trien bSn vQng can phai c6 nhiing nghien cim a toe nguoi cu the Trong bai viet nay, chimg toi xem xet thuc trang van hoa ciia dan toe San Diu, tren ca so do, de giai phap nhara dara bao phat tnen ben vOng ve van hoa ciia cac dan toe noi ehung va dan tpe San Diu noi neng Bang phuang phap dien da dan toe hpc, nghien cim duac thuc hi?n thong qua each tiep can da nganh Lich sir, xa hpi hoc va dac biet la nhan hoc van hoa, tai tinh Thai Nguyen va B5c Giang day la tinh co so luang nguoi dan toe San Diu dong dao a khu vuc mien nin phia Bac Noi dung nghien cihi 2.hThuc trang van hoa ciia dan toe Sdn Diu a khu vuc mien nui phia Bdc Theo each phan chia (dang duoc ap dung) cua mot so cong trinh nghien ciiu tren quan diem Tong cue Thong ke, viing mien niii phia Bac Viet Van hoa la dong luc cho su phat tnen va co quan he Nam bao gom 15 tinh', do, nguai San Diu tap chat che voi tang tmong kinh te, on dinh xa hoi Trong trang P tinh Bac Giang 23 779 nguai Thai Nguyen mot quoc gia da dan tPC, van hoa tPC nguoi (bap gpra tong the nheng yeu to van hoa vat the va phi vat the) la (hanh to quan trpng van hoa dan tpc, gop phan tao nen ban sac ciia chinh quoc gia [3] [4] [5] Ha Giang, Cao Bang, Bac Can, Tuyen Quang, Lko Cai, Yen Bai, Thai Nguyen, Lang Son, Bac Giang Phii Tho, Dien Bien, Son l ^ Lai Chau, Hoa Binh va Quang Ninh K TO.Loan elaVHo 3_Sep20I9|p5-lI 37 365 nguoi^ Do song xen vdi nhieu phan dan song ngft San Diu - Viet lai bien, tieng tpc, dSc biet la dan toe Kinh (Viet) - mot dan toe Viet chiem uu the Tham chi, d nhftng diem tinh chiem so dong va eo trinh van hoa cao hon so voi "phd bien" d day da dat tdi mire dp su dung ngon tft cac dan too khac, nen hoa( ddng eiia cpng ddng nguoi cua mdi ca nhan Dieu cd thi thay ro qua pham vi Kmh cd anh huong Idn d^n su phat tn6n kinh te, van giao tilp: hda, xa hdi noi chung va cu dan San Diu noi neng Tir nam 1986, ciing vdi toe dd thi hoa cac cudc hon nhan hdn hop giila eac cap va chong San Diu Kinh cang biSn Dd cung la mdt nhftng nguyen nhan lam van hoa Kinh cang co nhieu + Giao tiep (rong pham vi gia dinh va pham vi xdm (bao gom ca hop xdm) sii dung tieng San Diu + Giao tilp tren pham vi toan xa (trao ddi ca nhan, anh hudng din den su bien doi van hoa ciia ngudi San giao dich mua ban, hop xa Diu Trong nghien ciru nay, chimg toi xem xet cae Diu - Viet to van hoa nhu ngon ngft trang phuc va nha d Day la nhftng to dl nhan biet de phan biet toe ngudi, dong thdi ciing dl bi ton thuong nh3t qua sft dung song ngft San -I- Giao tilp nai smh hoat cdng cpng (nai lam viec d tm sd xa tmdng hoe, tram y te, chp phien sir dung song ngft San Diu - Viet trinh hoi nhap Tiiy thep trinh dp hoc van va nhom xa hdi nghe 2.1.1 Ngdn ngir nghiep ma viec tiep thu va sft dung von tii vung tieng Theo cac nha nghien ciru, ngon ngft San Diu duoc Viet cua nguoi San Diu theo miic khac nhau, vdi xep vao nhanh Han ngii he Han - Tang, thuoc nhftng nguai la can bd vien chirc, can bd cap xa va lop loai hinh ngdn ngft don lap, ngudi San Diu dimg thanh, thilu men viec sii dung tieng Viet dat den trinh khoang 95% chft Han doc theo am San Diu (Han - San dd thuan thuc va chinh xac den mftc neu chi (hong qua Diu), eon lai ia chft tu tao theo chft Han nhung am each an mac va ngdn ngft thi khd cd thi nhan bilt nghia thay doi hoac chfl mdi, am nghia radi, co the coi dd la chft Nom - San Diu Vi vay, neu khong biet chft San Diu nhung biet chft Han van co the doc hieu dupc van tij ciia ngudi San Diu Trong xa hdi tmyen thong, cung nhu hi#n tai, viec hpc ngon ngft San Diu (chii y6u la ngon ngft ndi) duoe thuc hien qua la ngudi San Diu hay ngudi Viet (Kinh) Cdn vdi nhiing ngudi lara ndng nghiep hoac tang Idp cao tuoi, tmng men raac dii diln dat tieng Vi^l chua chuan xac, ngong va thieu am vi, nhung nhin chung hp nam vftng tieng Viet dudng tmyen khSu, so ngudi biet viet chft San Diu chi Sau Ddi nidi (1986), dae biet la tft nam 2000 trd dem tren dau ngon tay va phan Idn ho la nhftng ngudi lai day, nhftng noi gan thi, tieng San Diu hau nhu it lam nghe thay ciing D P dd, ngdn ngft viet chii yeu la duoc sft dung Mdt tinh trang trd nen bien d cu de sft dyng viet sd va diep cac buoi ciing te dan San Diu la viec sft dung tieng Viet (nghe, ndi, Tmdc day, ngudi San Diu su dung ngdn ngu rae Viet) thao hon tieng San Diu, hoac su dung tieng de gia dinh cung nhu giao tiep hang Viet thao nhung lai khdng biet sft dung tieng Sau mien Bic hoan toan giai phong (nam 1954), San Dtu (cd nhflng nguoi biet nghe va hieu ldm bom nhieu nguyen nhan ve dieu kien hch su va xa hdi nhung lai khong bilt noi tieng San Diu) Xu hudng cu the ma mire su dung ngon ngtt San Diu ciia chung cua cac hp gia dinh la tre bat dau hpc ndi, dong bao d cac khu vuc eu tni khac theo xu thay vi day tre lieng San Diu thi dng ba, cha me lai hudng khac Khu vuc ndng thdn vi nhu xa Nam day cho tre ndi tieng Viet vdi rauc dich cho Ue phat Hda thudc huyen Dong Hy, xa Phiie Thuan thupc am chuan de idn len theo hoc d tmdng dd bi thiet huyen Pho Yen (tinh Thai Nguyen), xdm Mudi, Beo thdi- Tham chi, tinh trang biln cae hp gia (xa Giap Son, Luc Ngan, Bac Giang), tieng San Diu dinh San Diu dd la chi nhftng ngudi tu 60 tuoi trd nen dupc su dung kha bien cong ddng tdc biet va sft dung thao tieng me de, cdn tang Idp ngudi C cac khu vuc thi tran, pho, gan dudng trung men va men hau nhu khdng biet ndi hoac quoc Id nhu xa Hda Thuong (huyen Dong Hy, tinh chi bilt nghe ma khdng bill ndi tieng dan tdc minh Thai Nguyen), xdm Chao Mdi, Trai Mdi (xa Giap Thii ngdn ngft dupe su dung giao tiep hang Son, huyen Lye Ngan, tinh Bac Giang), hien tuong gia dinh, lang xdra, cdng dong xa hpi la tiing Vi^t (xem bang 1) " Theo so lieu cua Tong cue Thong kc nSm 2009 N.TOLoanelal/Ho Bang I: Muc sir dung lieng I'lel ciia ngudi Sdn Diu Do (uoi hoc kji thuat va cung quan mem muon em rainh thong thao tieng Viet de di hoc khong thua Sir dung tieng Viet giao tiep Trong gia Nffi cong cong tlinli So nguai Tv So nguai sir Tvie su le% dung dung % Tir 18-50 13_Sep 2019|p 5-11 16/20 80.0 20/20 100,0 19/30 63.3 25/30 83.3 kera be ban, nen tir tre mdi tap ndi thay vi day (leng San Diu thi dng ba va cha me lai day tieng Viet cho tre [2, tr 344] Ngoai ra, tam ly ngai sft dung tieng dan tdc, khdng mudn hoc tieng dan toe bdi moi tmdng giao d i p hang chu yeu bang tieng Viet khien lap thieu men thay khong can thiet phai hoc tieng dan tdc cling la nguyen nhan dang kl khien ngdn ngft San Diu cang mai mdt Tir 55-70 Nguon Diiu Ira Ihuc dia Igi linh Bac Thdi Nguyen, thdng 5/2018 Giang Xera xet mftc dd su dung ngdn ngO toe ngudi, Tinh trang hdn nhan hdn hop dan toe cung anh hudng tdi sft dung ngdn ngft gia dinh Ket qua phdng van sau ngudi San Diu d cac diem nghien cuu eho biet, nhftng cap vo chong cd dau la ngudi chiing tdi cdn quan tam viec sii dung ngon ngft Krah ngai ndi chuyen vdi biing tieng San Diu, vi thd ciing td tien Thong thudng, day la mdt so dau nghi hp cd dilu gi rauon giau Mat khac, nhung canh hudng ma eon ngudi muon gift gin ban nang luc ngdn ngft cua tdc ngudi cang khdng sac tdc ngudi ciia rainh nhat Mdt thuc trang cho thay, dap irng duoc viec phan anh nhftng van dl kmh te - xa vdi cac gia dinh tir 35 trd xuong cd din 66% sir dung hdi bdi thi, rat nhieu Ift ngft phai vay rauon tiing ngon ngft Viet cung te gia lien, cau xin cac vi thong de dien giai Ben canh dd, dac diira song xen than hnh, td tien phii hd (bang 2) ke nen su giao dip gifla cac tdc ngudi duoc thuc hien Bang 2; Sir dung ngdn ngii Ihd citng lo lien bang ngon ngft ciia tdc ngudi cd so dan chilm da so ta ngudi Kinh (Viet) B o tuoi Ngon ngir San Diu Chi bao Tir 35-70 12/60 36/60 20% 60% Soluang 40/60 0/60 % Soluang 66 6% 0% 8/60 24/60 dl phan biet ngudi San Diu vdi ngudi Kinh, bdi ho 13-3% 40% thudng mgc quan ao may san ciia ngudi Kinh dupc Soluang % Viel 2.1.2 Trang phuc Tir 20-35 tuoi Song ngil % Trang phuc la radt nhftng to dl nhan biet nhat de phan biet tdc ngudi Tuy nhien, boi canh hien nay, dudi tac dpng ciia giao luu van hoa trang phuc lai la yeu lo de bien doi nhat Tai cac diem nghien cim, trang phuc tmyen thong khdng dupc Nguon: Dieu tra ihrc d}a linh Bdc Giang, Thdi Nguyen, thdng 5/2018 Danh gia ehung v l miic dd su dung ngdn ngft dan ngudi dan su dung thudng nen neu chi nhin vao trang phuc dl nhan dien dan tgc thi rat khd bay ban d cac cho viing Theo ket qua phieu dieu tra, so hd thuoc cac diem nghien cuu edn gift trang phuc trayen thong rat it, chi tdc minh mdi trudng gia dinh va cdng dong cua chilm 14.1% (24/170 hd gia dinh duoc hdi), ngudi San Diu cho thay ra( nhieu ngudi dudi 35 tuoi so hd khong cdn trang phuc trayin thong chiem 85,9% khong ndi duoc tieng San Diu hoae ndi duac rat it (146/170 hd gia dinh duac hdi) Trong do, nft gidi Iuu Thuc trang nay, lam cho ngdn ngiJ San Diu dang dung gift trang phuc trayen thong nhieu hon nam gidi The tmdc nguy co bi biln mat he dng ba, bo me van cdn gift duoc mpt so bp, Co the ndi, nhftng nhan to khach quan va chii cac thi he chi gift duoc rat it hoac tham chi quan khac ma dan den hien tupng nay, dd khdng cp, den the he cac chau, chat thi khdng edn gift khdng the khong ndi den tae dong cua ngdn ngft lai duac gi ciia trang phuc tmyen thpng ciia dan toe va thdng, Do nhan thuc tieng Viet ia cong cu dae Iuc va hp eung khdng mudn/ khdng co y thftc luu gift Ipai hilu hieu de phat tnen kinh te, van hda, giao due, khoa trang phuc nfta (bang 3) A'.7-gL™«oi-'Nol3_Sep2019|p5-ll Bang 3: So ngtrai co nang pimc mm ihong cua m6i quoc gia De gin giiJ va phat Irim hm vdng van hda, theo chiing tdi can phai thuc hien Irong gia dinh c ll^R So ^ T6nEs6 2.2 I Citng c6 long li.r hdo cita cdc chu ihe van Ba Cha Mc Con Chau 12 14 34 12 43 4S « , 86 50 76 50 96 84 50 CO hda ve gid tri van hoa Iruyin thong cita loc ngudi minh SO 100 \—^^ Nguon: Diiu tra ihuc dia Igi Unh Bdc Giang, Thai C6 the noi, cot loi cua van de bao ton chinh ia nhan thuc cua chu the van hoa ve gia tri van hda duyen thdng ciia dan toe minh Qua nghien cftu thuc trang van hda cua dan tdc San Diu d tinh Bac Giang va Thai Nguyen cho thay, mac dii nhftng nam Nguyen, thdng 5/2018 qua cac c5p chinh quyen da co nhieu nd luc viec 2.1.3 Nhd a Nha d tmyin thong la to luu gift nhieu dau an van hoa toe ngudi Tuy nhien, dudi tac ddng ciia hdi nhap, nha d eiia cac tdc ngudi cung dang co nhilu bien dfli Cac kit qua bang philu hdi cho thay ngudi San Diu d nhieu loai hinh nha kliac va so lucmg cac nha phi tmyIn thong dang chilm uu the (bang 4) t n i n khai va thuc hien cac chinh sach, d l an nham bao tdn va phat t n i n van hda tmyen thong; song tat ca nhitng co gang d6 se khdng thuc su co hieu qua ma tang Idp thanh, thilu men - chii the cua ehinh nen van hda ay chua cd nhan thuc dimg dan v l gia tn van hda tmyIn thong ciia tdc ngudi minh Xu hudng xem thudng, phii nhan hoac thd o vdi Bang 4: Logi hinh nhd a ciia ngirdi Sdn Diu van hda trayen thdng, d l cao qua muc cac gia tn van Tinh Thai Nguyen (cac xom) Tinh Bac Giang [jjai nha NaCa 0 khdng hen quan gi din gia tri van hda tmyIn thong 21 22 44 21 eiia toe ngudi Trong do, viec bao ton, gin gift di 13 18 dung cac loat raay mdc, thilt bi, phucmg tien k j thuat 50 25 50 50 23 nghe nhin hien dai luu gift bao tang, thu vien Beo 0 29 13 35 Tons so 50 Cap Ma, bing Nhieu nhd bd phan thilu men San Diu Tir quan Bo Chao M.«, Nlia Irinh hda ma duoc cho la •"radi", la "hien dai" chiem khong Thai Nguon, Dieu tra thuc dia tinh Bac Giang, Thai Nguyen, ihdng 5/2018 niera dd din den tu tudng muon cd loi spng mdi san van hoa khdng chi dung lai d viee nghien cuu, sii hay sach vd, ma dl cho cac gia tri van hoa dd duoc phat huy va cd cupc ddi thuc thi nd phai dupc Qua bang tren chp thay, nha ciia ngudi San Diu song xa hdi duong dai nghTa la no phai duac luu tai hai tinh hau hit la nha cap 4, nha mai bang va nha gift ddi song cdng dong, chinh mdi tmdng tang Dac dilm ngdi nha tmyen thong cua dong bao da san sinh chiing Vi vay, van de tuyen tmyen, thap, ciia so it va be, it anh sang, nha lam tudng trinh giao due cac gia tri van hda trayen thong cho chii the bang dat co day tft 20 din 30 cm, raai duoc lop van hda phai duoc tien hanh hen tue, thudng xuyen va bang la heo hoac gianh, rom, mat hoac mat co duoc dau tu dimg mftc dl cac chu the van hda hieu bung mat tmdc, mai (ngudi dan van goi la nha rang chinh cac gia In van hda trayen thong cua tdc banh gid) Theo cu dan dia phuang, mac du nha ngudi lam nen sfte manh dan tdc, lao nen tam hon, cot tmyIn thong co uu dilm la raat nhung nha lam each, ban ITnh va loi song ciia dan tdc, dong thdi dd thap lai it cua so nen khdng thoang, nhat la nhftng cung la cot loi cua ban sac dan tdc, la co so dl tao hom det trdi nfira, nha ara thap khien cho tre va su da dang van hda giao luu va hop tac quoc t l ngudi gia de raac cac benh ve hd hap Mat khac, hien Chi chu nhan ciia nen van hoa thuc su lop bang nhftng vat lieu de hdng, nhanh bi muc nat hieu ve gia di cua van hda tmyen thong, tu dd cd cd nen chi sau 4- nam nguoi ta phai lop lai mpt lan dach nhiem dong viec thara gia vao hoat ddng bao tdn Bdi vay, cd dieu kien v l kinh tl, nguoi San Diu vdi y thuc hp la chu nhan eiia di san van hda ay va pha bo dl xay nha mdi bang gach nung, lap ngdi do, cung nhd lam chu dupc van hda tmyen thong mdi pro XI mang hoac mai bang thue hien tot viec giap luu - tilp bien van hda dl lam 2.2 Giai phdp ffn^&vd phdt triin ben vitng vdn hda Van hoa duoc hieu la san pham dac thu ciia dan toe, cd VI ui chiln luoc su ton tai va phat triln phong phu van hda cua tdc ngudi, thuc hien lot moi hen he hch sft, su kl thfta van hda gifta cac the he Nlu chu nhan van hpa khong hilu bilt khdng dan NT.O-Loanetal/'No trpng van hoa cua dan tdc minh thi hp d l b | cuon 13_Sep 2019]p,5-U kien quyet loai trft nhftng hu tuc tmyIn thong khdng theo van hoa hien dai va quay lung lai vdi van hoa phu hop vdi cudc spng hien tai Ben canh cung tiln trayin thong hanh mot each khoa hoc, hpp ly viec phat huy 2.2 Tiep luc hiin cdc gid In van hda Irong Thong qua le hpi tmyen thpng; hpi cho Festival, qua eac phong trao van nghe quan chiing, qua cac phuang tien thdng tin dai chung hinh, sach, anh cac gia trj van hoa tmyIn thong tot dep, bien cac gia tri trayen thong tich cue ddng luc de phuc vu ddi sdng xd hpi bdng nhieu hinh Ihirc dai, bao, trayen giao due va dao tao danh mot phat tnen 2.2.4 Van hod iruyin Ihdng phai gop phdn phdl Inin kinh te - xa hoi ciia chinh cong dong nen vdn hod VI tri va thdi luong xirng dang cho viec giang day Van hoa khdng chi la dpng iuc eua su phal triln, la nhftng mon hoc ve hch sft dan tdc, v l gia tn van hda nhu cau eo ban ciia cude song ngudi va nd ciing tmyen thong khdng chi la muc tieu ciia su phat Uien nhu la su 2.2.3 Ke thiea diing ddn vdn hda Iruyin ihong cua hudng tdi hoan thien xa hdi, ngudi, lara cho cuoc song cang de chiu, sung tiic va hanh phiic han ddn toe Mdt thudc tinh eo ban eiia van hda dd la co kha nang tu chia se hoc hdi, giap luu va anh hudng lan gifta cac cdng dong Vi le dd, giao luu anh hudng van hoa tu xa xua da ddng vai trd la dpng luc phat tnen ciia van hoa Quoc gia nao dong kin choi tft giao luu van hoa thi tmdc sau cung bi suy thoai, lac Ngoai vai trd la nen tang dnh than, la mue tieu va la ddng lire thuc day kinh tl - xa hpi phat tnen, thi can phai phat huy vai trd kinh te ciia van hoa de van hoa nguon luc kinh te nen kinh tl thi tmdng hien nay, bdi le "cd thuc mdi vuc duoc dao", ndi mpt each khac "phai kinh doanh van hpa", van hoa muon gift vftng duac ban sac cua minh va muon phat huy hau, Vi vay, de dung hoa, tan dung duac thdi co toan ban sSc ay thi phai lam cho chu nhan cua nen van hoa cau hoa dong thdi vuot qua duoc thach thuc, tieu cue ay thu duoc loi nhuan tft nin van hoa ciia minh thi can phai bilt khai thac va phat huy cac gia tn van hoa mdi ben vung duac Trong thuc te, ngudi Dap, ngudi tmyen thong tich cue nhu quan diem ciia Dang "ke Mdng d Lao Cai, ngudi San Diu d Tara Dao thira cac gia tri trayin thong ciia dan tdc va tiep thu duoc dieu dd bang each tri, khdi phuc lai ngon da lam dnh hoa van hoa ctia loai ngudi" Tren co sd phat huy ngft, trang phuc, nha cfta, tap quan trayin thong, dong nhiing gia tn van hoa tmyen thong tich cue de tiep thu thdi hoc tieng Anh de giao tilp duoc vdi khach nudc cac gia tn van hoa den tien ben ngoai lam cho su phat ngoai, thdng qua cac phuong tien thdng tin dai chiing trien ben vftng quang cao van hoa tmyen thong gai su td md muon Mac dii khdng the phii nhan cac gia tn van hoa tim hilu eiia du khach vdi dac tnmg van hpa, tft dd, tmyen thong luon co tac ddng den eon ngudi va van vfta tang thera thu nhap cua minh vfta gin gift va hoa hien dai, no co y nghia to Ion vira la nguon song, quang ba van hoa tdc ngudi Khi nhung san pham nguon sang tao cua dan tdc Tuy nhien, khdng phai hang hoa duoe cpi la dang hang hoa dac biet se gdp moi dnyin thong deu eo gia in tich eye phuc vu cho cong cuoc phat tnen Bdi vay can xac dinh the nao la gia tn tmyen thong tich cue va the nao la gia tri trayen thong tieu cue la van de quan Mdt so tap quan cua ngudi San Diu nhu tue le eudi xm, ma chay keo dai lara ton hai den kmh te va sue khoe ngudi, nhftng kieng k| mang tinh chat me tin di doan anh hudng den long tu tin cua cd nhan, nhftng quan niem "dong la cd phuc" hay "trong nara khinh nft" anh hudng den su phat tnen ciia xa hdi can phai duoc h!in che va loai bo Ben canh dd, can phdi tuyen tmyen tham chi la cd su dau tu cua Nha nudc khuyen khich ngudi dan raac trang phuc dTiyen thong, tai mdi lang, ban lam nha van hoa theo md hinh ngdi nha tmyIn thong vdi nhan thuc mdi v l trayin (hong van hoa moi lien he vdi hien tai va drong lai, can phan tao cua cai cho xa hdi, cho chii nhan van hoa va van hoa cung nhd dd ma phat tnin, tam biln duac rpng rai, anh hudng manh me hon Tuy nhien, mdt dilu khdng the phii nhan dupc dd la da lara kinh te thi phai nghT den loi nhuan, viec dem cac san pham van hoa de kinh doanh, dem lai lot nhuan, tang thu nhap cho ngudi dan ciing la mdt ddng luc dl ngudi dan co y thirc bao ton van hoa, nhung su tinh toan dong kinh doanh van hoa cung phai dupe tuan theo mdt he gia tq nhat dinh Do dp, radt mat Nha nudc can phai cd nhftng quy dinh chung va nhftng hudng din cu the doi vdi tung loai hinh kinh doanh van hoa, mat khae eung rat can su dau tu, bap cap ciia Nha nude san phara van hoa dd chua sinh duoc idi S.T.OLoanelal No 3_Sep2019|p5-n D I chinh sach kinh te irong van hoa cd hieu qua can cd su thuc hien ddng bd nh3t quan nhicu giai phal dien raang linh chat tdng thi mdi dat duoe su ben vftng Vl mat so luong, su tang tmdng so luong ngudi phap, nhftng chinh sach phal tnen kinh te - xa hdi can tham gia vao ddi song van hoa ciing la bieu hien ctia dupc xay dung dua tren dac diera ve tu nhien, lich sft, su phat triln van hoa, suy eho cung cac gia di van hoa kinh te, xa hpi va van hoa phu hop vdi tap quan, tam mu6n duoe tri, duac phat d i l n cung vi cd mdt s6 ly, thoi quen cua ehu thi van hoa va phai dupc thong luang ddng dao nhan dan tham gia, Ben canh su tham qua y kien ciia ddng bao dl bo sung dieu chinh cho gia cua so luong nhilu ngudi, mdt nen van hoa phat hoan thien, tranh thai chu quan, >' chi, ap dat men duoc danh gia v l mat chat luong, dd la viec viec thuc hien cac chuong trinh kinh te xa hoi giai quyet thoa dang cac moi quan he duyen thong vdi vdi dong bao dan tdc thilu so hien dai (hay noi each khac la gift duoe ban sic d3n 2.2.5 Chit Irong muc lieu cdi then ddi song, xod doi gidm ngheo, lao dieu hen cho viic bdo Ion vd phdl huy cdc gid Iri van hod Iruyin thong Kmh te va van hoa la ITnh vuc wsa c6 nhau, long vao va bo sung cho van hoa khdng chi la he qua cua kinh te ma kinli te cung la he qua ciia van hoa Do dd, mudn bao tdn va phal huy cac gia tn van hoa tmyen thong cua cac tdc ngudi can cd chien luoc phat tnen kinh te nang cao ddi song ciia nhan dan loc qua trinh giao d i p va hien dai hoa), dd la su th5m sau cac gia tn van hoa vao ddi song xa hdi va loi song ngudi, la su da dang hoa cac hinh thuc van luia xa hdi, su nang cao dinh eon ngudi qua Uinh sang tao va thoa man cac nhu cau Dk van hoa idc ngudi phal tnen bin vftng khdng chi chii phat huy vai tro van hoa mpi ITnh vuc ma cdn lam cho van hoa thuc su la ddng luc, ngudn Iuc cua qiia trinh phat trien kmh te, xa hdi phu hop vdi quy lual cua lich sii tftng hoan canh nhat dinh TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Ket luan Van hoa klidng dan Ihuan la nlian thuc, hilu biet ma la nhftng gia tn vat chat va tmh than mang linh bieu tnmg da thara sau vao tinli cara, hanh vi, tao nen thoi quen, loi song va nhan each cua ngudi Doi Du an VlE/01/021 "Hfl trp xay dung va thuc hien chucmg dinh nghi su 21 quoc gia ciia Viel Nam", Phdt Inen ben vimg - Ky yeu Hoi ngh todn quoc Idn ihit nhat, Bp K I hoach va Dau lu Ha Ndi, 2004 vdi nudc ta hien nay, nhiem vu hdi nhap kmh te Nguyen Thi Que Loan, "Phal tnen ben vftng ngdn cang manh me hon bao gid het thi van hoa cang ngu cac toe ngudi thicu so d linh Thai Nguyen", Ky y l u phai duoc COI la mdt nhan id co ban mdt tieu chi mdi Hoi thao quoc le Nghien ciru vd gidng day ngon ngU, nguon luc noi sinh, quan nhat ciia phal tnen Trong boi canh eong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa hien nay, mdt mat kinh tl thi traong cung vdi co sd vat chat va k)! thuat hien dai tao dieu kien thuan loi de van hoa phat diln, mat khac su thay doi nhanh chdng ve kinh tl xa hpi dong su chuyen minh sang hien dai hoa, giap luu tiep xuc vdi van hoa ngudi Kmh (Vict) va the gidi da lam cho van hoa dnyin thdng ciia ngudi San Diu dang dftng dudc nguy co bi dftt doan vdi van hoa tmyen thong Xu hudng tac ddng chinh ciia hdi nhap la eac to ciia van hoa vat chat (trang phue, nha d, an uong ), dac biet la nguy CP raat ngdn ngft cua ngudi San Diu Tft thuc dang van hoa ciia ngudi San Diu d khu vuc mien nui phia Bac cd the nhan thay moi raau ihuan gifta gin gift van hoa va phat tnen Dieu dd, dat van dl cap thilt la phai co nhftng giai phap cu thi cho su phat tnen van hoa duoc ben viing Su phal tnen van hoa khdng don thuan ta su thay thi cai cu bang eai mdi raa su phat tnen van hoa la su van hoa ]'iel Nam- Trung Quoc & Dong A vd Ddng Nam 4, Nxb Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Ndi, 2009, d 339346 Vuong Xuan Tinh, Tran H6ng Hanli (Chii bien), (2012), Phdl inin ben viing vdn hod loc ngudi Irong qud trinh hgi nhdp d viing Ddng Bdc Nxb Khoa hoc xahdi,HaN6i Phara Xuan Nam (Chu bien) (2005), Tnet Iy phat dien d Viet Nam - May van dl cot yeu, Nxb Khoa hoc xa hgi Ha Npi Uy ban Dan tpc (2006), Phal inin bin vimg vimg ddn loc Ihiu so vd miin nui Viel Nam, Nxb Van hda dan tdc Ha Noi NTQLoanelal/Ho 13_Sep 2019|p.5-ll Sustainable development of San Diu cultural ethnic in the northern mountainous region Nguyen Thi Que Loan, Le Thi Thu Huong Article info Abstract Recievea The Northern mountainous region of Vietnara currently has about 31 ethnic groups living Due to intermingling in a cultural-historical area, the ethnic groups have economic, social, political, cultural communication , After Innovation (1986), the , Accepted: 10/9/2019 Keywords: San DIU, sustainable development, northern mountainous region culture, integration integration of peoples happened strongly to promote the harmony, on the other hand, traditional culture changing is the reason to make many cultural values which are eroded In the past few decades, the Party and the State have had guidelines, policies, campaigns and projects to preserve and promote the cultural idendty of ethnic groups In order to join together with the measures that have ^^^^ ^.^j^^^^ ^^,^ conduct research in a specific ethnic group that is clearly influenced on the process of industnalizadon and modernization, thus, proposing suitable solutions for sustainable cultural development ... hp gia dinh la tre bat dau hpc ndi, dong bao d cac khu vuc eu tni khac theo xu thay vi day tre lieng San Diu thi dng ba, cha me lai hudng khac Khu vuc ndng thdn vi nhu xa Nam day cho tre ndi tieng... dupc su dung kha bien cong ddng tdc biet va sft dung thao tieng me de, cdn tang Idp ngudi C cac khu vuc thi tran, pho, gan dudng trung men va men hau nhu khdng biet ndi hoac quoc Id nhu xa Hda... duoc h!in che va loai bo Ben canh dd, can phdi tuyen tmyen tham chi la cd su dau tu cua Nha nudc khuyen khich ngudi dan raac trang phuc dTiyen thong, tai mdi lang, ban lam nha van hoa theo md hinh
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